

  
Ŀ¼ 

һ¡ĶϡŰٻ
ڶ¡ƽ
¡ܴۡ˽Χ
¡绢Ĵ
¡֯ơ޵
¡ε޿ܡȺ
¡ҹá۽
ڰ¡ɮΡʶ
ھ¡ʳ·;Ϯ
ʮ¡Ͻ𼦳
ʮһ¡𼦳׷ܴ
ʮ¡ָɱȴ
ʮ¡ʿ
ʮ¡ؤ
ʮ¡Ʒ֪ѡٰܽ
ʮ¡ϿȰ͡¹
ʮ¡ϸ߽¡Ͽһ
ʮ¡˷軪סҩ
ʮ¡ֵҡȳ
ڶʮ¡Źְүǽ
ڶʮһ¡Ѻ·
ڶʮ¡ְ̫үս
ڶʮ¡԰ʿǾɳ
ڶʮ¡Ҿơ
ڶʮ¡в
ڶʮ¡ս
ڶʮ¡ӱʯͷɷ
ڶʮ¡л
ڶʮ¡սĴܡΪ
ʮ¡Ϊ˿
ʮһ¡ġѾһ
ʮ¡·Сͤϡ
ʮ¡ҹءһûԪ
ʮ¡Եڷ칦
ʮ¡޶δСǸ
ʮ¡˫ĿʧȻѰ̼
ʮ¡Ϊ˿۽ѻ
ʮ¡٤Ƕȥ
ʮ¡ѩɽΣ
ʮ¡ѩɽšܾ
ʮһ¡̰ġ͵ȡʯ
ʮ¡ʧ̬
ʮ¡鳡սཻ
ʮ¡׿¡ҷ





 

  
һ¡ĶϡŰٻ 

̫ϡ
ǺģҲǺģ۾ܿһУմˡ족ÿﶼˡë
ׯڴ붼ˣʣ»ûģƽشţۿȥǹѵİǧȻûһ⡣
ʮǻģлϾзֻ˵˻һذ˳ǻ
ߣүƺþԸ˵㲻ٸӶԼˡ˻ǳһأϧϵ⣬ױҰ
꣬˭˵ġ
лϾԳЦţǰĲ롰ȣڣ죬ŷֻʣ²Ҷûˮˣġëë⣬Сӡϲѽ
ëˣʮСӣŲֻëȣݶӵͦһӪӡ
Ű׸ִˮǹģûˮ
үһ¿պëһЦĻɾʡˡ
ȣлϾŴ飬еûˮˣݵĲ裬⵹¶Сӵø˵˵ҪȻ
ҪȻô
ү˲ʮ꣬Сͷݵռ㻹ôĲ֪ˡүʪ͸˵˿Сӣ¶߹ǣҲƣôĸ֣û
̴ӱָõôһȻлϾŲǿˣɲ𣿻ֽдĸ֡
ЪС
⡭⡭лϹֲþģȥİɣôûпأ
ȥˡëЦֻǼλϿˣܲӦүھˮֻʣһڣˮ㡣
ॵˤֱ죬ˮЦƹ˵ˣλĲǮһգСķͣӴܡ
ﻰƹ̫ˣȥɣ
үӻ֣ëȥ
νġλȻһλ
үлϾ鲻ԽĶע⵽ټĲϣɲôˣлλ֮⻹һˣҲˣԭʶġ
ʶˣôƺաءֻŵһӻĵģԺˣȴ
ᣬ˳棬ʫģ˵ǸӣһһΪ˲ҪôһˣɾͰչصĸҴôԺ˹ݣʵصѧˡ
ѧʵ˵ﶼܾأҲ޿޲ɵ
Ű׷ĳĺӣ֣д֣дһĥ̼ǡӬͷС壬һһ
ǴӦʯͷºеһƹһֳĥ̼ǡдһ»û깤ƹλŷѧľʿʱߣȻȻľ͸λѣûµʱ򣬹Ҳϲߣүİֶ࣬ߵ˹ͷͷ˿ľģһʱ޲ڣ
٣ģСϻʵ۵ӻ죬Ϊˡ
ү佱ˡд֣Ҳţддִʱ䡣
үҵʷ£ٻط׸մһԶףҲ󣬶ЩīˮνϧڹҲ͸ľ塣
졭ģүŻٺȥ˭Ҳͦסˡ
顪
ӻƹģֵֻģҡŴŽ
ү֪˵ûУӱݸǱ߸кüǧ˵СӶɱˣ˳ʲô磿
үһ£ֻ۵¾ˡ
лϾҲ˹ŵñɫүү˵һҲͷϣ˵˳ˣŮ˺СҳţݸƤˡʮĹ⾰ˣҿطһֺˣÿʿ׽С
ĵȥ˵ˡƹĳ˵ʱ˱Ҫ˭Ҫǰ⼸ͷӸ˾ͺˡ
ôүһƹʲô
лϾҲɵˣæʲô˵λӣʲô
ֹĸ
ƹһ̾Ϣ˼ŵҽ˸ˣʮȫɱˡ
ࡡүʧе˵һӣǿǶ֮ͨá˭˭أеˣǮƣôᡭ
ƹĿЦϸҿǲֻ֪֪ǰ˸ɵģ˵ˣϱģй򡣡
д֣鲻ԽӶҲˡ
үŵϴ󣬰춼ղ£⡭ǴӺ˵֡˻ôǹĳ͢٣Ȼѣʲôˣ졭ͻȥǶҺú
лϾֱ۾үǸóˣҪյüëˣٲ취ɶ
ү˵žߣѣƹġһ֣Ҵ뿪ˡ
лϾżһ˫ۣү뿪ıӰҡҡͷٻҪһ֣ҵһס׸˭
ƹͦһĴӣ⻰Ҳ˵˵ĺá֮ѣ
Ѿ㲻ˣټ˻ٺ٣ô
лϾŲɵˣô˵ǻʰʰܰɣ
ܣܵȥӿЦŵ¬ݣɳǣԶֵûף˼һأмСģ˵ܣߡֻڰ·Ͼͽ˸׽סɱˣͷɣ
лϾô˵ֻõˣ
һһ͹ԹԵضɣ
ƹЦһȥ˵˵ҵǲأЩ˲˵ġ
Ϊʲô
㻹֪ƹһ°ŽӣһǮƣٸǣڶһ£˭֪˵ھŻɽѧ䣬Ǽֶ࣬⻤ԺʽʮһĽǿ˭ȥӣ
лϾŵͷǿȫҵĴ󡭡
˵Ĺֻ洫һҵĽŲ鲻Խȥ
ѵİϣдӻļ񣬷Я׵ػƶţһƬƼ˵ߵʳʣİҶӿѾץز롣
һŹҲƵܳӣѰѺɫۣĨڵ߿ӵССӿôСݻƣƨɣȫû⣬ȴһļĵĴƤ
֪˵
ǺģǺģһɫʣ˵ĸоֻʣľˡ
Ϸ
ү͵ſڣȭллҪæЩҲ㲻ү̣뻨òɣ
΢΢һЦȭүʱһͯǰ๫롣
ٻصط׸լ޴Բڻ¡ͯһ·˺Ժ;ʮūڸһʦϰ䣬赶Ū죬һеǰӡ
үӡףΪҲֻһԱɶѣеǮԺܣĴ٣ǾӼҸУȴҲٳѲ˹ϵ
һ˺԰Ѷɻӭ˳
ģƺʮͣ;ݣƺһ㡣
ô
һԸ̲裬һѹӭ˻
˫ƺǵһμ棬һ֮ױ˵ݣȥݻᣬʵæЩӣطֲƽҲͺٳš
ͷδһʡ
ȫϵߵƼæһ֮⣬Ҫһĸ߲š
¾ֱ˵ɣµΪ
ãָͷ£һ֪߲ţطϲ̫ƽ֪ģһ·֮
ȶԷ𻰣ү˵һڶһŮŹ˵ˡ
΢΢ͷʾ˵ˡ
΢΢һЦѾͷͷۣɾŻɽҲˣŮӼҲϲŮ죬һ쵽õģܲǸ취
һЦµ˴ڣһ似ܳԶ֪Ҳܿɹˡ
̾Ϣһҡҡͷҵĵ£ϵЦˣǵʫ鴫ѽȻ˵Žͷѧ䵹Ҳǻ£ֻǡ
ײܰ¸ѽ
ԹĲҾˣվͰסԺúý̽ƤŮ£ҪƸӦźá
ˣ飬ͨ£֮Ŷ£ȥʵ̫Զ̸ʲô֮ơһԱ֮¼ѯҾͲﲻʲôæ
̾һҲˣڽСŮ飬ҲͲƴˡ
¾͸Ϊˡ³йʿأӵУӦ֮룬Ϊ°ƽҪȥʮѧӽΪ˻ķѧҵ±Ϊ˻ӡ
һ£΢ֲõô˵ǲ͵ˣ
վһҾ²ΪʵҲ
׵صֻѾСŮ˵ˣѵϻת⣬Ը飬ôһǡ
΢΢һЦʿ࣬½һ麮ѣٵƼƮ֮ջԶȥΪ˵µĹηã£źá
״һЦ˸־ǿȻô˵¾հɣûǣ
ѩ𡣡վǣת
׵͵šѩ֣δЩ㯣ƾ֣ȻҲа첻ͨʱ򣬵û뵽ġ
ѩˣ뿪ԴǰƬ԰ȻۿһöڴСӴųһֱͷ˹
˵ʱ٣ʱ졣
Ȼ֮ʱֻǴѾͷϲߣĪ˵ǱֻǴŻɣǱǽմҲġ
⧾֮£̤һʩչȴһѼĸǰ
˵˵ֵ
ۣһѰ˹ѩҿϡ
˵һ߳ǰһ£ѩӡ꣬ظ˰˳߿⡣
ƺ˸սӥùҲƵģһѳȥ⡣
֪һƵľɣǹѩ֮һȷˣϴδˣ·ûմŰɳ
ǰվһͤͤĹ
ĸͷϸϸ۾ǳԲֱֱִĳ£мֽһֵֻǴһֲֻϣȴ飬ģ͸ſɰȥҲʮ˾ꡣ
֪˭ȽеĺãŶ˺塣
˶˹Сñ£๫˵ţû⵱µ˶һԵظˡ
ٻѾһ̫ƽĵطˡ
˷һһӿСջ꣬ڵֻҪס˵ĵطˣ¶޽ͷ¥ĿΪ֮Ŀġ
ʵٻرҲּһǸգ죬ǾƣνѱҲûȼñˡ
ֱ˻ĶɣٻҲ⡣
һϦһУ֣һҲ˵սľ
ͩʹǵһⲻҵˣһҰ˿һ⣬ȫڵ֮£ҲƵȻ޴棬һֻ֮յƬ޴档
ǡ帣֡ׯӵϰ峣һӵң¶ʮĿˣ۳ӣɱ˸⡣ͷҲûбȷŻ׵ˣҲ⣬񶡼һҲһѻ˵ĶʮĿˣײǮҲʡˣ˸ᡱɾúܡ
½֮ȫ𾪣౼棬̿գδȥĵַһ˾ĶǵŴ¡
һǮׯġͨʵšȻѣűϴһգԶǧĴȫ޹顣
˰ͨ檲ұɱͨ˱ж˿飬ʬǮׯţ·ΧãͥУǣٸѾʡԽԪΪ׵ʡͷˣҹٻĽڰ֮ưѺԪ鰸
Ԫ֮ͬ¾ˣٻ˺£ҡһΪѰգڱġѴӡջ
ƽֵİӺֹ٣ȴûκһǰӸо֣Ԫһ⣬ư⵵²ġ
ҹ쳣
Ͼ¶ǣԪֻ۶ˡ͵ĺþСǧļ¼˼ǽȴǽԽʲôѴ£ԽҪѡ
̾˿ԪߵİݵƳЦ̫ˣŪǸĸҲһӢ
ƳһҲ̫йˣΪйҪʱ򣬿ԽرŵӪҾͲЩǿٸԡ
ԪλݵһۣЩȵӰĴСҲˣӦúЩˣѵǰ㻹
һ£Ŷ˵
ߺߡ㻹ӪԪһ죬ƾ֣й˭ģưͲˡ
⸽ಶ죬ǵʡëжҿȫǼĸµĻ
ԪصôΪߣưɣ
䣬ֻšһһ
ݵӣʮҵֻͣ۾һɫʳʵúܣһۿɾܿżһ
ϣ۶Ų֪˺١˰참ȷо֮Ԫý£סҲ
ôԪϣشһûУ
۶һߵһƣһʱоʮֳơ
βԲֻۣĸ˵ˡ
ЦҾ֪ĸСвסãǾ
ԪûֻǿźĶأ
һƺǨҲϲˣһڶԶԪرҲϣ⣬ĸŵĸƽصľ飬켩참⻹ͷһأпԿϷӶڱˡ
Ѿ׺ˣ죬չ̶󷽱㡣
Ԫͷܺã֪ĸͺãֻĸСֵúܣϲ䡣
һҲ뵽ˣҿϸó棬رŵӪȡϵǵýӪӣǹɡ
Ԫ̾һҲֻˡһ£ת²˳٣رǷ棬죬ùǲһ˰ɣ
ʹشӦһվߡ
ԪסǧСģӪһҪ£䲻¶һзˡ
ͷ֪ˡת
۶˵ĸС⣬ɵﻹǣܿкڵϵＯˡ
Ԫ°ͣ޿κεصǻ˵ǰ֪һεĲ²õŪˣǸĸ¶һŪˣҿֻͷסˡ
һصصϸ˵Ҳǣ˭ǳԵзأ
ҲֻþΪˡ
Ԫšһ˫ҰɫüëçײãҲֻܲ룬ЩѪĸɵģȷȷʵŪҪȻԼ鷳
ͷϸ˵ǡ
Ԫ࣬ȥٲˣҲ˲⣬ǹȥơ
˵⣬ǻȥơ
Ԫһ˵ط׸ЩǲŹģ󿴰ɣһ͸ֵˣǸøѶҪСŵ㡣
ҡҡͷһЦҲɵӣ᲻뵽һ㣿˵ʱѴˣеǽˣŮСǣ˵ǾŻɽһλ˵Ĵˣ书߲ɲ⣬ֻ뿴˶ѣû£֪޿ˡ
ԪЦһ¿ɣͿֵˡ
ЦԸҪвźãҪȻǼ˿ɾͱٻȥˡ
ԪΣĸħͷȻ֣Ǻ£ǵúúöˡ
סšһ߽
Ԫһôˣ
ϸߵĸͷŨüɫֻѴȻ˲ʣֳһƬѪա
˸Сʣ¡
һ˵ˡһƺǨ漴æΪһơ
Ǩһڣֳʹӡ
գһͻزˣĸСӿ治׶Ըġ
۶˵ô£
Ǩһ·ҿ˴ֻѴб˿ڣÿһֻдֻǿȥһʱҲ֪Ǳʲôˡ
һʲô
Ǩҧ˵ģ϶͸ҵġ
϶ָɽǽһ֮Уӵڶ˷ֱ桢лɽҪ޳ĸ޲ֺطãη绢Ҫ˵ɥٸҲǡ
һָɽһˣŶ˶Ϊ֮һԪһô˵̶棩
ǨҡҡͷǻûУֺڣҲ
˵䣬ֻҧз֮ʹһ˫ָѲ˴һ䣬öǮæѱõĽɢΪϣһΪ֮
ԪѾһǮ鵽ϣŵƹһֻǮĸ֣дǡָǡĸ׭ǮڴС뵱ͨеǮ·ֻеһȦĥ쳣ɭɭǿɲ
ԪһߵذһǮϵѪɾյ˻漴ĿעǨȴ˵
Ǩĸϼһڱ˺ܶ࣬û취ȥҿȥˣŸҽӽ˭֪ﻹˣҳ磬СŶῪӣ϶ϳöǮգҪʱȡһ˫ӣ۾˳Ƕ㲻һϹˡ
Ԫ˵һжˣ
Ǩҿжʮӡ
Ц˵ЩѪȫǸɵˡҿӪһǾͰѱİΧϣΧˣһҲŹ
ԪۿЦ˵ô׾ͺˣǲˣҪȻҵȥ
Ǩѹˣһ˼ŵҿ֮ܲ˼ôΪһ磬ȸݸϢಶ죬װ̾ҹѱΧסһ紵ݶϿ֪ͨǣʱһ죬߲Ŷǡ
Ԫͷãô죬ԸЩˣҲֻвɫҿֻþټĸС֮⣬Ҳܷɡҵ߶ɵҲΪ١Щ˾ϲ⣬רųû٣Ѿˣɲٽ֦ǵע⡣
ͷһˣйع˼׮Ѫʹ˵ָɵģһʲôûУ
ԪЦ˭˵ûУĿǰڴԣȷ֮һ˲¿ɲõŪöСǼϡ
۶üͷͷʹĲȣ΢еǮĶߣνһһһҡɾ͸˴ͽֵĻᡣ
Ԫͷôһ˵ңҪһݱظ֪׼ûУ
ϸҪܹͷһݣֻǲȫ

һ˵ţһ漴ͳһţƤֽǵעһסַ
Ԫӹֽ˿ܹʮˣѴ˺棬Ϊ֮
ʮ׻Ϊףڶλصϳǵ巽
Ԫһ֥ԭҲס
סٻطʷԽԽһδ󺵣Һңÿ˶óǧӣΪ֮ãҲѵá
Ԫ΢صҾ²˳٣ȥңȻȥݷ 







 

  
ڶ¡ƽ 

ջǻɵɫŲôһ˼ǰѼˣųȥ˵Ҳаس½ĻԽԽ
ÿ·գҿַӡ
ǰ³壬գĺֽдÿһͷڶ༢˵ĺϢĪֺϢһͷЯȫˡ
صڴһϯϣڵͷ࣬߰˸СæŴת
̫ˣ˷Ӵݬ룬⡣һЩȺǣʱţ£Ҳ׼ʷү֣صѡ׳ĻԺҪǵģҲ
ϯȴţشȺˮƵĺȻӿ˽
ҵĶһֳüǰһƣλţȽ˾ߣһһݣ̰࣬˭ҪòԵģŴ
˸󣬼Ҿһ࣬ã˳̱ѹ
һͬһƼݵḾˣ˽Ǹ˵ıϻһСӡɰؽţүкðɣϱûԷˡҪˡ
ĸ˸صˣһҹ
үһ̣շĻƵÿ˫ݵġǶϱ˵СıˣԱ߰ɣ
ϱǧлжüֱҪͷһ̰˴
һ˪ݻƺӣһ˫ʧ۾ֻֻ֣ƵƵЦ
Ļֵأ
ݻƺĿֱⷢصϱûԷˣͨˮδȴǿʮ
һ˵ֻ֣ϳһŷĻƵ޳鷳λֵܣкɣ
Ǹһ㡭ô
ϡ죬һȥ²⺺˫̵ϡã
ĪֺĻľڳ޲ʧľֹһһʱڽԻȻ
Ļƣֻ׷㶡
ǺӿЦŵôﻹй涨һҪй룬Ÿô
ǰӰһ˸ǰ
ѣҿǴҲµİɣȻûмһȵһɣ
˵ţһץס˶Էӡ
ϰ䣬д֮ƣԷһݺʲôͣ־͵֪ȴˡ
һȻˣǰǸݺӣȴزһʯ׮Ȼ˿Ϊ
һ֮£һȻʡͷһ֪ǰˣѰ
ݺ̾ϢһЦٻƣ£żǰͶ쿴ΪһвɵãҲͽҲգ㰳ͨһˣ¼Ȼʩᣬĳ˲Ҵţ͸ˡ
˵ǰҾһҾתߡ
š
סģȻµүԹ壬۲ղһֹȻɫȴ۾ǰӺҲҲӡ
λˡ
ү˺̴ӣǰ´˶Էۣʵɺ
ǺһƼ벼굱ڶʮ߰ˣ굱ģǸգϴֲɫҲΪ棬ֻϵַ糾ϢĿǹӾǿȴүӡ
үһȣȭѼǶδ÷βԱߣͷкһˣô̺򡣡
ү֮£Ǻӿ̾һүһ䣬ʳ뱸
ͨһۣһ鲻Խֳ˼ı顣
˵ҹˮף⻹ͷһأͲˡ
һ˵һͷھͳ˸⣬ڶͷҲһȥ룬ֻһСҲ˸ɾ
үͷʾ⣬ͷϡֶҲϧ̲һһʩļ˵ǸĶˡ
⡪ͨʤյصͲҵˡ
үͷ΢΢ЦǸ֡¼꣬ûкõд뾡ðɣûУϡͷǡ
ͨͷЦô˵Ͳˡ
ȥһơͷ¶ĸϡ롣
ջƵҪȥõ߸ͷʱȻĿע⣬̾Ϣһջ֣һЦ
ѳԱˡ
үУƾŶԷʳԼʾֻ߰˸ͷҲ¶ǡȻֹͣ˽ʳԭ
ѲؿһͷֵΣͳ˳԰ɣ
ͨҡͷԱˣԱˡ˵ʱݻƵֳһֱ飬͸Լˮǰ
ûгԵ˶ǣͨܶһ֮͸ˡ
˵үվһҾ뿪

үǰһֳֿصҼʣ۲书ķɺҰͶʱһ£»ˣڱլסΣ
ͨһ˫۾үתһתȻһ̾˵ү⼸θ֮ԣͨҪܾǹˣĿмһУҲҹתأʱм֮⣬±ʱǡ
үʱϲãƬ̣ȥȥ
ͨæȭһƵ
үյʱתأһ͹Ĺĵװʲ
֮£үЦҼ˹м֮⣬ֻйٷתѣǱһˣתءﱸиһݣˮһǮпһƥڻ⣬·ɣ
ͨһЦԭ˹Ȼˣ·Ŷðԭ£ɷ֪رˡͨȥʮ죬ձضתء
·ң֪վüģˡ
˵Žӹ͹ĹĵĲһתүںͣϻͨŴƬһ󣬺Ȼɫ죬ת˹
˼״֪йʣæԸ˹
ĪǻʲôĲ֮ô
ͨһ£ګګ³ٹأһвϤ֪г̫ƽ񣿡
үһµûǿˣ
ͨͷү̾һͱˣӼֱԽԽˣĴҽᣬ˺Щˡףֺι𣿡
ͨһֵȻˣмڴˣ׼ˣ
ү̾˿ͷ⻰˵ͳˡͿȥɣȥͷִнأҲͲˡ
˵գһ֣ͬˡ
ͨȻں滽סүš
үֵشֻܷԸؿֻҪܰæģһΪ
ͨЦЦҡҡͷүˣҹδ˯¸һֻ̣һſΣ΢һһָ㼴ǡ
үһЦҵʲô¡ԭˣڣú˯һ߲١
˫Դ֮ʣͨһ˫עʲô˲ϯ
ͨ򷽲ŵͷģһҲˡ
үҪȰլȻȴΪһˡ
һиĻܻܹǵүһǴˡ
үϵĻͨͷʧ㣡ͬҴǰߡ
һƬ֮УֻҵĻԺ̩֪أȻȺﱻ˸žꡱһˤһųϡһˤ֮ǿͣȫϵͷһء
һХ׷˵ϣʳͷϯʱΪ֮ҡ
󾪵ˣˡ
Ҽ˻ԺʮһӵϣòףŰǰӻƸ
ү֮࣬Ȼ֮עĽ㣬ǡʼٸߡϡ
ʮҵ꣬еģһĲ¹ӣȥȫû⡪һ﷭һ԰׶ٵ۾ӣҲڴү
۾ˣղŶˣһղŻˤһԺ̩һֹӲ͸ŹŹָ
ʱġ
̩ˤȥַֻһӴԷϣֻһ֣ƺһɾ̩ټӣзҲƵˤ˳ȥ
һҵλԺɾͲóȻˣһԶŰΧסǲҴȴ°ˡ
үǰȻÿһ·
ǰһҲţֻ׶ٵӣתţϳϳʾģֻǿֱĵЦ
һ˿ֱµ⣬˵ɾ˺ؿϵһɫĵ̡
֮һλͨ¼ƺͬնˣһףһҲġ
Ȼ֪ˣүҲԸʧ˹ء
ô£үͷߵĻƸµĹš
˵ľǶԷǸ̺ӣһҲһƣӿߣ˳֣Ƚѵѵǡ
үϴĲˣҲһǡ
ߵĻƸǰһ߷ߵصүģһģͷҪ˵ʲôҪʩӡ
дڵҲĺУʩʲôӣ
ٺ٣ֻквܻԵҪô
¶һ챻Ѭ˵ݣһͲм˵ʵ˵Ƶǡߺߡ
⼸ЦЦ˵۶ֱë
ʮˮתүæķ˼ӵĲˣҲõˡ
һ̶ĸϿ˵ţһ԰Ӳʱڲ쿴ҵļҵж
һ⻰µĿɾͻˡ
ˣô㻹
ˡ
үȻֹס䣬νһ͸˵ͼѾȻңһ²һ£ԲүȻ
ݹգ
ңǶ԰ӣһ¼磬иն겻ˣҲͱˡ
޲ȥϾһȭƫƫүú֮¾Ȼûз
˵˵үƤЦⲻЦرһȭʷ̸꣬ճɣ⼸ǶѲȴǰַּ࣬ڷзҳԡ
ݼȲм෹ȱٻؼҵĴʣɡ
΢΢һ٣λʷֽȥݿģү»Ĵʰɡ
һ˵үȡСӣԼĪء˵ѾǺѵõˡ
˫ϣˡһЦӹһۣ˵Ǵ󷽡
һ˵ֻ˫һ꣬ſǰ붧ѳ˹ԲԲһ顣
Ŀ޲һ
˽˫һſǶ飬ȴֱ˱һƬ˼ţֻûǧ¯
ģȻֹ֪һʱŵϱɫ
Էһ־ɭɭЦЦֻӵ֣һӴ궯ֱһϸСӣ׷ڵ档
үֱɫ࣬Ⱦص㡭㡭̫ˡ
һ˵ɲסͨͨһ˼
ҵԺһ˻ֹһֳ̽ذףƴϡ
ȺһӻȻҪˣ׷˿
ڴһɣƤĺһ涶һɣƤֽһŵӣµùȥƣת󡪡
һ˵˳һϣֽƮȻ𣬸鲻ƫУƮƮүǰ鲻Խס
үֻֽϿһۣɲסɫ䣬ٿȥסȫһˣˣ
ۡ׼үһ֮߳£ͬʱǰ
һԻֹСذףһһ£Ȼ֣
̺һЦá
ֻ⧷֮£ӹɵصһתۣѷֱץס˵ӣһչᡱСһУ˫˫ڿն𣬾ַɵһ˫ӣˤ˳ȥ
Բֻ飬ֱүƾèǰצӣԶˡٺ٣ʱҼ˹գŽˣҪҽ¸ƾ֤ҲãҾȡСһ˫ۻȥ
ڣ˼ͷΣһ󣬡һѵүǰ
˵ɾ͸ɣһֻצĹ𴦣ʩһ˫߳ˮʽֱָүһ˫۾ϵ˹ȥ
ͻȻĶֱ֮⡣
үֱɵۣۿ˵һ˫ָѾԼƤڴΣһ˲䣬ǰӰһ˼˽ǰ
ÿ
˵Ȼʯѽ֮䡪˸Ǹмңδվǰһֻ̽
˵ҲȤĵ̺һ־ү۾кʱˣ֮ˣͬҲԷ۾к
꣡ɼУһ˫ָ⣬Էϵ˹
ǰǣ̺Ҫȡߵһ˫飬ôԼܿҲӲȻĵ֮֡Լһ˫ӡҲѱνֱ
ǲġ
̺ӱһֻӲذѳ֮˻
Ȼˣ֮㣬ָʩһ֡Ȼֱָˡϻȥ
ȻˣȻǺġ
֡ƣ뵶̺һɣֻӭһ
˫õùͣȴ˭ҲԸʽˣһ֣ˢ·˿
·ͻȻֱһҲſ˵ߡǸȻǸôࡣ
һƼ벼ŨüүղʳͿͣȥֻһ˯Ǹлͨݺô
үһȻ֣ȾϲǶԷȻ룬ϲǱϾûпˣͨȻ漼Ӧˣ⵱ڵͻȻ룬үһʱ֮ΣΪܿɹ
̺һ澪ı飬ôҲû뵽¡ҾȻ˸ֵˣ㲻òĿ࿴ˡ
ֻ۾Կ֮£ʯ룬գҲգһ¡
ѣ̫ˡͨ˵һĳڣݲҰס
̺һ԰۾ð׹⣬ǸӼֱҪѶԷȥ
õģҪۏ˻ˮ
û˼
Ҳûӣմ״ʣҡҡͷЦҲš
ҵ¡ͨص˰ɣȥӸŶȰӴͷɣ
ߡҲУ¶һֶүơ
΢٣̺бżж˵ֵֵ
ָѸֱֹͨǰץָָδܽӴԷ֮ǰȾ͸ֱ룬ʾָϵ
ͨȻ֪Է״򷢣ȻȻѾֹ£Ͳܰ;ϣҲֻΪ
˸ֹƵָҪͨ±ʱͨȻ֡һСȻġ
ֻơۣغһ
˫һӼһֺȻ磬ֱŻͨʺϴȥ
ͨ˦׻㣬ͣһɶԷǰδԷָУȴǲյ˼㡣
˺һһٿط˿
ֹУƵȻ
һʽֻ֡ʧ֮£֪ʧȻʩһʽ˾硱Ĵ㣬ӳȻǹģȻֿͨ죬ڹϣ䲻׷Ź
˫οȥһĿ졪صյһ˫ݡ
ϯݵ֣ȻһƬ磬С̲סʧ
δЪ˫˫ء
ֱͨͦͦվڵϡ㣬壬Ȼٴγֵ׼
ԷǸȴ߸ڰľĽǱϣһȣ˫ƽ죬ϱ鼫ȴֳһֻɫͷֳ˻ƶСһεκӡ
ѣģˡɱ߳һɳݵصɣǽףɢ
ͨĿתضǷ˪ۿƺӸǶ
˶ȻΪ֮һסȻ𾴵رһȭԭǶġƺ׷͡ơ
ͨ˵֪꣬ͺãõģѶƸˡ
ϤԷ֮ȷʵԾСȻ಻ߣǲһλӵͷ
˵˵ǣǿЦţףĽ˵޹⣬ҲûԹޡǾϻҵٹܣΣˡ
䣬ףƮµءϹȻˣȴƫҪܣһҲֳ
ͨͷΣأǰ
ףһ飬һЦƴǲ·
ͨȭңֲĳʤУдףҲϸɣ
ףЦһŭӥصƴ仰һðɣȻˣףĳ֪Ļ桪
ͨϴ
ףһЦһƣֻףѧղղ˵ѽףӽⲻֻҵ£ףĳҪȰ㣬ٹܣߺߣ˵һ䲻ƴŭĻֻҲܲˡ
ͨƵƵͷͺܳˣף㱨ɣ
ףɭɭЦܽ˵ףĽΪ˵˼ҵķ
ô̹ӵĴ
ƴһҪɰʡ׵ˣ
ȥܲҶһһ
䡰ȥȻף񾭣࣬һͷƴ˵Ҳ񣬵ֻһ˵˱㽫һˡ
⡰һʵǡӡ˼
ֻͨǡϡݲ
Цһͨʢ飬˵ɣ
ӵĵͷҼҲͬһ㣬ɻֱϵҲʫӰ˼ҡ
ϴ
ףǣһ˿صЦ漴ⲽ
ڳĿ֣һǣͨһ˸ͦһʱ׷ÿۿףӰ⡣
±ߣ߸裬ǡ
ҹϸͷ翴졣߳ˡ
ڳ˶ЩʲôȻĥʫĺ塪Ωͨ⣬Ȼסˡ
Ȼ䷢ףԶˣһɧ
ҵĶǸСˣƴҪס
ȻҲƺͨΪˡ
һʱ伸ʮ㶼ǻ˽Ҫȥ٣𱸻ͨðѶԷŻȥСŻɽɾˡ
ֻͨƵƵЦһߵһղүĲӴϣתһֱϻ˩סƥ
үһߵظ˹
ƴҲһδѣҸͷ˵žҪ¡
ҡ򲻸ҡ
ͨһֻסɾ͹ȥˡ
ƴ
үҪôƺҡͽһͨɣ
มңҡҾͳƺɡ
ͨǿصһͷͬˡɫһֱܳأѹһǧʯ
תլˣ
⡭黹ףôأ
Ļصöࡣ
˵仰ͨѷ
סʱߡ
⡭ܲ˵øһ㡭
һ˵عֵ֣쿪ֻعŻͨЦǡĵˣ
ͨһͷ
ĵϵģ
һǡͨ䣬ȴһ
⡭졭үŵϴ󣬡ܵиհɣ
ȻСֻ˵Ҳ֪һ£ֽͨȥ㲻ֻ֪ûһ֪
ŶţһԥĿעλʷҲҹšҡҡͷ̫ᡭΣǹ⼸첻Ҫţܻһ֣ٸǰӾҷҪǿˡ
һصͷҲֻеͷķݶȴڷֹһһʲôֻͣʱô˵Ҳֻš
ղǸףүһ
˵ҵˡ
һ˵ҴȡףĽ
ͨӹչһɣƤֽúдϸ֮£һ״ʫдǡ
coc1ƽһ
һж٣
ְʵɰ
ŵýcoc2
ûϿƺȴβ֮¸һɰӡǳβչһֻۼ
ͨɫأþòһԡ
۰Ͱ͵صǰʡãһƽһ𣿺ҿɾͲˡ
ͨ̾Ϣ˵ѾˣְáָǰʮԲ֮ҹĩβǾ䡮ý˵˶ԷҪȡˡ
ʱһ⡭˼𣿡
ˡͨص켸ˣ
ָһĺšˡ
ʮʱ䣬ȷǹȵˡͨ̾Ϣһ²ţвֻ֣֮˰нУˣ׼һаɣ
ᾪðź죺׼ǷӣҼүǮǱҲҲѴջƽ֮ѽʷûбҸˣǧҲܴճƽ𣬼ֱΡȿȡҲղģⲻǴĻ𣡡
ͨЦҡҡͷ֪ƽ£ֺĶǳģ˵һү͸Ͽ֪ͨˣϸ㣬Բ߰ɣ
ͷҲֻˡȻҪ跨ȾҼһѽ
ͨһ漴ͷɷԳؼ֮ұضתأǷܾȵˣȴûаա֮ұصΪˡ
Ŷ֪ŵԣϱص޷ڣΣ֮䣬һϣҲɡ
ôһ󣬻ͨǷҪ߲ˡ
ϱһȭͨ˫һ¾ԳХһȥ
ֻǿԶʧıӰȻүô
˵ţѴҴǰ
ˣص˵Ӧٻ죬Ҫֱǲ롣
үô£
˵ţҴϯתҴţָһµ
Ρ㿴
֪ʲôʱ򣬺ĴľϣȻӡһֻչۼģǷӡһ޶
Ƿų֮ʱǸףģֻǲ֪˾ʲô塣
ʲôأҲ
̾˿ɣ
Էˣֻ״ҴҲ㲻ٶԣһԡ
Ṱֵˡ
۾תŵλ׳ʿأ
ѾˡҪǲô
һҡҡͷǵûУֻʶһ°ˣҲˡ
ἴѷŻͨΪףһξ˵һ顣˵꣬׾ôסˡ
ͻȻҲĵҪЩĵ£ղŹŵļ̸£벻ǲһߣ̱㷢ˡ
үȻˡ
Ϳעôش飬Ϊʲôһ
УȻðλѷߡ㣡ͿͿ
ᱻ𱸵Ϲѿģһ̶пˣ˵Ҳ㾪
úͿĶ
ٺݺݵϼ䣬ļˣװѻ̽˶
Ϣŭ͵λ֮ǰ˵֮ضתءǲġ
̾˿ҡҡͷЦһû˵ʲôȴôΪôǮǼֱΡ
˵ϵǸϴˢı־үŲ߹ȥҪүһ߹վǰһȫ߿ˡ
Ǹ־չ𼦣үһӱøˡȻ־ʲô壬ȴȷһŽڵźš
ţţһ˳˼ֱṧس˽үǺȻξת
ƽһһж٣ְʵɰý
ȻûֻÿһֶؿϡȻһɻ۹⿴ᣬ߲ĸ֮ˣ̾׵˼
ղλү˵ˡǰС˽˵šְʵɰý䰵Ԣ⣬ˡ
ߺߣô󵨵ǿǹȻ٣ˣˣûˡʵĶɶ񣬿ɶ񣡡
һ˺üʡɶȴҲĵĳޣ»ү˵Ҫ̸Ͽ跨ʮӿǽˡ
׳²ţȥ⣬ҵȥһˣһλʡͷ˵ǹһ̸ȥɣ
ȻѲڹٳˣԱɣƷĹĴ٣ٻط׸طֵƾһҪ˵һŲ죬ǵãҲ׾ͽ̡
ӦţҴҽӹ̾ˡ
ǻ£׻ţæŹϣʱе
վԺʢĻƾպһشɫĺھŲڵµˮɡĵȵĸԱáȻʮĴ󺵻֮꣬ңլڴ󾮣ûпˮȻ㣬һ˵ãֻȴˡһ뿪õĻ̾͵ſˣȻԼ̣ͽݣǲأ
ﻹЩĶǼͻ¸ŪˣһƬֻλ¬ݸĴͷԪΪԼø⡣
Ĵϸƻ˻ڴǰѧߵĴСǣæվʰžҪ뿪
ţкüûˣʱȥԼŮøˡ
һϮˮխȹͤͤģѩ׵ϣ͡һֻӣҼ
׳˿һԼŮǿһЩ
һֲ˼Цѧģߴӵɣӣѧأ
˵ŮȻѧŮˣ⵹һ¡
һãЦ߹ȥúƣæһĻץӺ桪һ
ɲƣ˼Ҳ
⺢ӣˣóơ
ҪЦ˼ҡ
˵һתһӾˣǸ˦ϸߣȴ˳ץ
Сǽһعؽеһ˼Ҳˣˡ
Ů⸱׳ȥɲסЦ
˵һùƣֻһ־ץסıӣҪǸ˶ִܻô
һ˵Сǵı߬ˣô
СһתһֻѰ˱ϣֻôһ
ְɣ
һɾ޴͸ңֻֻ߬ŵ֣һӷȣ֮Ͳɿ֣ҪȻƺֻ־ͱҪˡ
֮ʣСѶ˱ӣЦվһߡ
ãӡ׼̶Цʶˣ
СüëŸ׵ؼһ±ӣҪת뿪
š׺ȻסҼˣҪ㿴
˵֮䣬ʮְȻȡ˸ղύɣƤֽ
СǷϵ߻߹ʣʲô
֪ˡ
Сǽӹʮɻػ򿪣һۿֽǸչۼӡǣţĬĬذľʫһ飬۾˾󡪡
ģ
Ҫ㡣ɫصǼϾһˡǰѸղŮ˵һ顣
СֻǾţ۾𾪡
֮΢΢һͷ֪
˵ʶָһӡɣƤֽϵǸչۼӡǡ
Сǻصһͷҧ´ֳյ˼
һȷǲ
˭
һµĺڵ
˵仰Ȼϵľ£̰ѻסֻȴܲ˵ȥ
ɽʱʦرңҪСһˣŽнӣֳƶ𼦣ɶ书ǿ˵ֺĶɱԭһʦɶΪ˹ٸļңšһŭ֮£Ϊܣרɱ˷ŻĻ£ɶطֵ÷츲أԭ
ɫࡣ
죬ѵ˵ˣȴΪʲôǡ
ϣǸģֱһֻйƤżѣһһ˹ȥ
Ҳòŷڻʮʱ䣬ǵþơ
˵ⱨүˡ
үǽԪʡ¬ݸͷͬŶšѾһˣջȥͽүִҴҵظ
һ˵ԪˣСԶ棬ĴүͬԪ۶˴Ҵ߽
˫էԪ˵ɾû뵽ô죬ܾˡ
Ϊ٣йƷĶչٳϰߣԪԴ˼ơ
˫֮ѾǶλ˵ˣ
ͷ˵ˡ
Ԫױһȭ˲ؽǣ±ְղѾˣڱְİݵȥӪֻ北ǾͲغǣӽλֵԼ죬ʱڴ˸סſġ
̾Ϣһọ̣̃̄Ͳҵˡ
΢΢һ٣漴ʵйֻ𼦣ͷ֪ôһأ
Ԫü˵й˵Ĵ˵ְҲ˵𣬱ְжϣ˼һѪܾܿɵġ
˹˼ţ״۶⣬ءһûٿһˡ
Ԫһ۾ͬ飬漴ֵλݵܣɶڴйšιֵܣͰ˵һУŵĸ˱һ°ɣ
۶Ӧһױһȭ
ʲôְŪɫʮֳصصû֪ʵɶطֻƺǽӡ
һ׶УΪ֮һɼŮжϲȻǸҪظŽ֣ѹǦĳء
۶Цһɶһʱٸһ취ûУ̫̫ˣǷµѪծ˵Ҳ߰ʮ
׵ѵٸһ취ûУ
ҡҡͷЦԡ
һԵڵǸʲôˣжٵ𣿡
ɾͲ֪ˣ˴˵ǰʮˣҲ˵ֻʮꡣ¶ʮǰɶ𵱲ʱѺж꣬ɼǲˡ̸һжٸˣԷ̳˵ֻȥһˣ˵ǸӶˣ˼˵һӣǸףģǰû˵ҲԺµġ
̾ϢһŲң˺̶λ֮⣬Ϸˡ
ԪǷˣ̫ˣǱְӦΪ֮£ԵЧȮ֮͡
˺ܶӦ֮ߣ㵢һʱԪŶԸǡԵտʼ۶Լͬ죬ס
ڽԪ˵ʵڲò˼ǼӾͲһȥְǰв⣬ʡһɾͱٸȥˡְСһӢɾ͸ˮڴˣԪҵģƽΪ֮ˡ 







 

  
¡ܴۡ˽Χ 

ѵõһ磬ʢɺҹһЩ
ֻڴֺƵٵƺңԶˡֻɪĸ˶ѡ
úù֡ǿȻأһ¡¡죬СһʯͷӶͬɳڷƵľͷ׷򵱿գ˴ϡϣڶǹ˵ġ
ԼĪǶʱ֡Ƕʱ֡
һ©ĵӣӵϰͳνǡ㡱
ָߵͭƽͷһҲ̿ӵĸ򡪡еѾʮˡϵˣֻҪɫѾ֪ʲôʱˣ۾ҲƳһȦû
ֺ֣̫ƽСëǣر𽻴ҪõرС⣬ÿرͬеĺۣѲץһá
װͬɾһֵӣϹžƺ«ÿȻͣ䣬ҪȻ䡣
һвܽһΣǰʩõǻͷܽʩΣʩչǷɵ
һдʯ̣Ŵ֣һ·ϱ˵ˣûһ
ǰ˶أɾҴԺˡ
ʯ̵ǰߵʯͷʨӣ棬ֻֽдһ֡ǱصĴ󸻻˵ļˡ
˵Ҳ֪˻̫֥࣬ɾǾ˽֪˲ˡ
Դӵط˺֥ƣ࣬ٻطҲֻдƾ٣Ϊطء
˵ĸҲ͸ҪܵչˡϰߵأÿϴҪЪһҹȻҲ⡣
ɣơԲܽ˵ЪЪڡ
˵ţǰҵʯͷ̨£λҲ
չŴ£ɫһƬ𨾻һ˿ƲʶûУһӷһشϷɳʯϺܲζ
Ϊ˱ܷ磬ʯͷʨӺ档
Ѿƺ«˹ȥһ˹һڡ
ʮ갡үˣûԵûȵģܻȥ𣿡
Ҳ֪Ǿƺȶˣ۾ˣЪһӰӴƵҵĶԺǽϡ
ʱһ¡
Ӵôһֻ񣿡
Ъֳֻˡ
ÿٶȣذεضɸߣȴԺǽ˹
ǿɲǴ񣬵һˡ
һΣǲܡ˳Ծˡ
ãиˡ
˵ǲܽһ˵Ѱһ̫굶˳ﵶճʣ󴫹һ΢ЦҹЦʮ
һ֮£ȫͬʱתͷ
٣Ҳ벻ھ˲ɵĵطȻֱһˡ
һ£ŵòᡣ
ղһ·߹ʲôת˲֮䣬ǰȻһֻ䡢ֻ۾Ȼûһ˵ǹһѵһﲻˣǹô
һ뵽ǹֱһϵĺëֱ
ܽĸֵ֣ǵ׳һеҪԷǸȴԷˡ
øֱֱվţҪͲҪҪȻߺߡǡ
һڳǵĺǻһ˫˸׹۾ʾĺȷйӡɱˡ硣
ɫ֮£һҰ׳խһȴһɽ룬ǷһģֻȻ˫˸׹Ｔ֪
Ļ˳һ
̲ס˭ʲôҽ᣿
һЦС¶ˣ˼һʱҪǮ
ֵ֣ܽԾԾԣһԷŴٵǿ⻹˵áԼְڣܱԷһ仰͸סˣ
뵽ܽһø첲һߵΣŽһˣһ˹ȥ
ڲܽէȻ˳һϼȻҲ෽ת˰ת⵱ܽѻҲƵ˵ǰȻ˶ԷҽͼܽҲ¾飬һϣе˳ˮֱۣŶԷǸֿ͵ͷֱ
ΰƣʵͰں˼ƣܽĵһ˫ͬʱݳ磬ֻһѰס˶Է˫硣
ơת֡
һʽֻһܽټһˣȻ˴һ˰죬ۣһˤǽǣֵิ֣һˤ;ܽûʱֹ˹ȥ
һֿ쵽㣬ֻһĿõŵôһ
һ֮£ܵǰһˣ˶Է¹ֿҲ࣬һֻشŵĻͷֹ¶ϣŶԷֱ˹ȥ
¹ֿԸߣ۾ѹûѶԷ˿˫ֱڵصĽŲƶҲƶһ¡
ǰεĻͷ¶ϣһƬ磬ۿŽ˼Էգ¹ֿһһֻֻһ֮ƣѽס˶Էͷпڱ档
һᣬֻöԷʮ㣬ֱáȾŭȴҲԷȻȻѰ֮ƾԼӣԷ֣
һŭͷȻ᲻ŵҲ׵طŹһתʩһȣһţŶԷֱ߹ȥ
ֻǻһԴһű˸աǳףˡ
һ֮ȿˡ
ƺʽˤӺһ֣һּקסεȶӣܽһһϵĻͷҲҪˣ˺Ƶط˳ȥ
һˤñǰһοҪ߶ˣµķȻ׼ֻʯͷʨӣˤˣ뱣ȫסѡ
һעӵŵáһۿҲóײʯͷϣһʲô龰Դˣ׼ǵԽѡ
ҪһһӰб˳
һηǵԾǸ¹ֿҲһ
˵ʱ٣ʱ졣
˳ɵϡ족֡ǹӰһֻôһǾʯʨǰ档
أ˫ֻͬôһУѰѿֱ׹νӵϣȻת֣η˵ϡȻûбˤţȴҲŵɫ
Ŀۼ֮£ſǸ֮˵ģӣһĲ£ǲԸֳĿڿڱһ鷽Ŀֻܿһ˫۾
ѣⲻĵطкĲӣڵ֮ͬ⣩Ͽ˰ɡ
첻ÿֶоԷҪС
ԴӶԷէȻ֮һѿĲͬףʱһ˼Ȼʶ֪ĳ·Σںڵ˵ԷֺΪֵ磬Ƿ֮ͬɣڵνӡԵܴ֮¡
¹ֿԸĸߣڵ֮ʵڶ
ߺߡЦһ˴ŶԷˣõģ㱨ɣۏˮóʲôС
˵ͷϵ´žҪ޳ɡ¼þգǸĸɵʲô˿ƵˣЪЪˡ
˱ԷָţȷʵԾСԷȻ֪Լ֣ȻӲ֣ɼ޿֣ɼԺˡ
Ҫ޳˷ɭһЦǰʣһ˫ƵƵţһڹֻϷһĹϢ֤֮࣬տ
һע
Ҫ޳֮ԵôһţĹɱˣĿΣƺѾʧȥ˻͵أ֪ѶˣֻԷһ֮;
Ȼ䣬޳תһ󣬡˸ǰ
͵
޳бй֮죬֮⣬Ӱת֮䣬һֻѻָţֱֱ֮
˰أһ޳ֻֽ±˸ա
һʽ߿֮£޳ذֶҲƵת˰Ȧӣ˵෽һθҶָͷʩһжˮֱ˫˫ͫ˹ȥ
һ˱㲻ֻزˡ
˵ľһ֮ƣֻŽżŵأһֻݰһתˢ˱޳
һʽǿ쵽˼㡣
һɼľ磬һֱ޳ȥ
Ҫ޳Ҳߣ֪Էһֵƣֻۣӭһ
˱һ΢΢һ񣬱޳ֻȻѾס˵ֻ֣ǳأ˿ȴҲܲס˵ٴμ֮£޳
ֻƵ̬ϿȻʧȥ˿ƣбһɿ⣬µ̬䲻ȻһģŰ׮վһҲ֪ˡ
˿̵ı޳ʧȥԭе͸ɫֻƵƵȴҧס죬ǿһڶ·һ˵Ѫӿй
˲ûиϾɱ˼ֻһ˫עǿҵذʾŶԷҪ֪Ѷˡ
Ҫ޳Զ֮һѹסûйһ
㱨ɣձֻҪڣܻܼġ
չء˻³֣ձģûǲǻһλ棬ккֻƾһ仰˰ɣ
֮ǣкĺá
Ҫ޳ٺͼݡ˵ȡһöڣҪ˻ЦˡǺȻ֣ؽȥλѾˡ
˵ʱٿתǽе¿Գˡ
䣬һӰٿԺǽÿ죬ƵӥһɸߣбԺǽƮ䡣ÿ죬Ҳ졪ӥ㡪һټ֮ʱȻûдһṦ֮ˡ
䶨֮󣬸˲ſߵģƽһмϰµĺӣǣۣһòʵֻһһӣֻڿѡ
˴һĺɫɴʶһ˫Ӹ߸߾ǰصſ۳ţȴϽһ˿Уϱںҫ۵ķɵ
ǡϡУелɽĴ꼴ΪسķֺĶ֮Ҫ޳й֮
˫է֮£лɽȷһɭɭЦģʲôҪ˵ˣҶ֪лɽһ˫Сйضˣ˿ۺ죬ҪӲǸĸƣҲУóʲôƲС
ȻȻ֪Ҫ޳İˣѱ޳ԭ棬ֻ֪λֵƢԼ˵ǵóʲôУǰƱҪһս֮󣬷ۼˡ
Ҫ޳Ȼ֪Է˹տƲɲ⣬Լֿ֣ܲǻڱ˵ĳޣʶ޲Լƴٿйȴͷ֮ޡҲһ˽޳ûгֹʱһʧۿǼ֮ơ
Ŀ⣬ɱ޳ɨĳĬĸ֣ȻԷؽҲֻнˡ
顱лɽһ˫գҲգض΢΢ЦݵĳĬв͡
ҹأ쬵شš
ƬɿݵͩҶڷشתһɲǱ
лɽ˫ֺŲ֮ڣáһ죬Ѷһ˫αСǬȦ˫ȦһһСΪƣӭɫй⣬ȴһȦ͹İУȦȥԲ֪ɱ˵лɽ˫Ȧ֣ɭɭطһЦõģϻ˵ˣһɣô˵ţ˫ѻƶƶӣϵҶһ죬ֻϼһ
Ϯһƺţһֻ֣һ⡣
ҪСһ⣬ȴԲ²΢ڡ
лɽûٽ̾еóȻԣȻ˿
һЦȴֻ֣̽
лɽҪҶ֣㾢˼ݵ˵ԡ
ꡣлɽѵڶ
һлɽϷϮ£Ӷذεֱɣɿֱ˹ǬȦʩһС̴򡱣ɼΪľڣ˫˫ֱͷֱ
һּ٣ľ˵ͷһʯҲܸˡ
Ȼо֮
Ĺ֮£ֻ˫ٿһϣĽϴ𣬿ȷյ˼㣬ǡǡԷǬ˫Ȧ֮䣬һ֣ȻԷ˫Ȧ˿
һ˵£ʵȴ侪ƵϿ̲ݻ
ٿطֿ˫֣лɽһǬȦѱ·ֿ
ǿ쵽˼㣬лɽһǬȦԱҷֿԷһ˫ƽţϻ֮ͣǰδ
Դ˿ζۣлɽգδ֮ʣҪ㿪ǰһʽɱţΪסϾһṦѵ¯زǰΣ˵һ˫֮£ֻյӻһͷһֻľӥȻƮ⡣
ǵĹһȻ˸ա
ûţȴ㹻ģ֮ĵлɽֻŵɫ԰ףһ亹ڴȻûˣʵˡ
˾տһ˫ӣֱֱע΢΢ЦŵͷṦֻǲһΣ㻹ҪԿôлɽҧʤδ֣Ĺ㡣˵ţȻתৣ˲෽ȶԷӦµ㾢һǰ˹ӶȻΪ֮һš¹һƵİлɽôƣȻһաһ⡣лɽŭһ˦ŷ֮㣬Էһڷɵ꣡һ⣬ֱ߻ֱǰطɵֱֻƾָ֮Ŀ϶һѰѷɵָ֮䣬оռֱлɽļȻֻˡ⵱ڣĵڶڷɵҲѳˡڷɵǲȡػǰ֮Ȼ䣬бֱǰͬʱ֮䣬лɽַĵڷɵһֱԷʺ֮к֮ƣһطɵ֣֮ڰַν֮ʽһּϰַǰлɽĳ֣Ȼǲ֮ˡ
ָԭȼŶԷһڷɵʱ״ָڷɵ꣡һֶ飡һ죬Ѻֱɶĵڷɵӭһбһ𻨣˫˫׹ڵءͬʱڶڷɵԲػط˽Ųǰ磬ַָϵĹָᵯһѽ֮⡣
ڷɵǰ֣֮˵ȴֻȭ֮ƽϢ̬֮У֮ţʾѧҷ緶
лɽڷɵ֮£޿̣ŭХһǰӣһڵǰһ˫ǬȦ˫˫á˫ɽʽֱ¡ʩһСٹԷ˫ΧǰŻŲŲһȻշ𣬿ȣرһը죬һֱŶԷ˹ȥлɽʽϣǰѲٻ˫ȦҲƵתȴѲôʩչȻ򵱿աٵһֻлɽϡۣһᡣһ֮˺ҲƵȻԽ漴ƮƮ⡣лɽͨͨһȥüأδ׮վһӴ֮۵һѪСӡ㡭ڣĵĽŲͨϣ˫ȦǺ˴һӲϣԻ˹ȥ
һԵҪ޳ǰлɽǰչصģˡ޳һ˵һ˱һȭתлɽߣӰ֮ϡȻǰܾ֮Ҳ𣬱޳һʱ˲һɫ
ש߲ϣֵںǸɣڣټ
˵սһ٣Ѵлɽݳ⣬չصһ߳˵š
޳عͷ˵ô˵ţʵԾԷ˿ĴиϾɱ֮⣬Լֵܶ˱ֻ·һܻ뿪
ңչصĲû˼ڱ޳۹ֻ˻һԣѵϵһǬȦʰԼһȥ˵ţֻ΢һԸȦֱֶлǰ
޳˫ֱлɽӷ˫ȦһԾֻõУһǬȦԺúõлɽ֮ϡȳֱ֣޳Ŀ֮£ôˡ
չصҲƵ˶ǰ
޳ֻԣҪԼ֣һ㣿
ȥҴ仰ģþգҪȻߺߣҪҵɾͲôˡ
޳һ£ֲȻصôϴй飿
νϴָ棬ǶԷһ֮ףһᵽȻ˴й޳ﲻ֡
ҡͷǵǲҸʣӦûǵãֻ˵ǰڴǼҶ൱ˡ
޳ҧͷðɣһǲԸʹ뿪ĳ˻ȷǺڰɣ
˵գ޳һ˫ӣתһվ˿һۣЦһι֮䣬ʸҲƵ˳ȥֻǽ޵ĵʧ١
ԭΪ޳Ļң˵ĳ֣Ⱥ˱лˣſĴšл֮뵽ǰˣҪл˼ʱŷǸҲʧˡӰȥٵˡǵһ֮ǰǰǽ޵ĵ漴٣ֻ۾ֻ䣬Ȼûһǹõģܲ˵ǹһˡ 







 

  
¡绢Ĵ 

һáȥطǸõԼļסĵطΪط飬ҪݽѧʱĳѧȫֻаᵽĵطȥˡȡסģλѧʵĹˡֽйѩ𣬵ȷǺµһ֡ʱ򣬹һˬİĲ£Զ˹˹ģ˵ĸоһ˵ôߡ
ȷѧ峵˲Ų̶̼£ĲӵܣȻݣԶÑʹ˸ɺļвٵѧҳϲˮʳʹΪֻסˡ
ܽѧҲֻڿϣѧԺֱúܺͰˣǴСȥ׽
õڵССһͨͿɿһǽǸѧݾˡ
һǽϿõģһ᷿ǲǹ֮ʮּªһסԴӹԺȴú࣬ѵõϵǣţȻûȫ֮Ȼ⡣
ɫ£̤Ĳһ·߹õڵһ˺Ժ
Ȼͣ˽Ų
Ƿʲôֵ飬ɲôǵúԼʱѧͷĵƣϨģھȻƹ⻹š
ƹǼϿεĽġ
͸ˣǼҵԿһܵģ˭ܿڣһ˵ơҹѾˣҹ˭ˣ
ԶԶضһ󣬼ǰСһ·ŵüᣬûдһ
ڵĵƹ˸ţߵǰŷǽҵĲǰ뿪ţȻ˽ȥˣһͣ˽Ų
ƺһЩڷ鱾
ʱ˿̣Ȼڴҹǰδй顣΢һ񣬹ŲǰŽ롣ɲôôһھݰҹʦλϵһѧ
һµ˶һīȹ㷢磬üɨǰȻһ飬ʵȴϡ
ʵһͣ½ŲʱѾ֪ˡ
ֻ۾ȻѾӴһȻ֮⣬ΪԼ鰸ϵˣԼѧ֮һȻҵĴС㡪Сǡ
ҹ벻ȻȻܲν֮ˡ
ԭѩһȭҹкμ̣
ǿǲҵ
ҹڨڨλվ
Ȼ벻˵˵ѧҲֻˡ΢΢һЦȴֱסԲúܣûеõʦҾԽˡ
ѩ㲻ÿطԭУȥ³ç˹ˣ͸ˡһ˵ѩһ֣תȥ
һС˵ôһ䡣
ѩﻹʲộ˵ţѻת
С΢΢һЦҲҵĻ˵ֱ̫ˣ㣬ˣ
ѩҡҡͷҡҹˡ
СһЦ˵ҹôѵ֪иȥı죿ȥɣӰȥ٣˭Ҳ֪
ѩ͵͵ءšһһʱ˶ĺ棬С漼Ĵ˵֮ǰѾ˵ˣ˵һһ԰ҲѾʶˡ
֣ϴѾհˣǹＴʱȣҼΪһԺˣлл
һ˵СǴһ
СӸһǻؾ˶Էһ
̫ˣС˵ҿʦ㲻ȻҲܲҲɣ
ѩһ΢ЦԼã
Сһ˫һתĪЦЦҲῴģֻȫŵˣôٻط
´󺵣ٻܹ͵ѵɻ㣿
ǶĸȴȻ´󺵣ҲǱ߼ʡˣõĵطǡ
СǶһûټ˵ȥ
ô˵ˣѩһ˹ĵصΪð
Сҡҡͷ˵ǧҪᣬҿû˼ҹðãȷ̹ġ
šѩһȴţȻ̹ˣ书ĿΣϵĿεҲˣֽ书ȴǺã
ѩ˼ţС΢ЦŵҶƪУһβףҪ̸߲ġѩŷ
СǵһΣɱͦУԻ
Ҳ˵ԻҲ⼸仰Ҫ̣
ѩ΢΢ͷ㼸仰ʵúܺá𱸵͢ӼֻڲˣһγǧҰ裬޶ǰɣ
С̾һЦ˼ѧʵˣ㿴ǰΣֶ֧أʡ뾳޴ݣϰڣȴǵ׷գ˵͢ǿյúΪʲôȴ⼸ʡڼأ
ѩȻصͷ˵ڰգʵ屾ɫϷ˵ġз⣬змɫҰж裬޶ʳҲ½ףѽҪͷˣ
Сһ˵¾Ҫˣ
ѩҡҡͷûо̯ӻҪһЩʱ򡭡νʳ֪裬ܿతİգͦնΪΪʲôôǿԭ򡣡
Сǵͷˡ
ѩ鲻Խһľƺʱ뿪
Сһ˫ˮӣѩ뿪Żһ·ǵˣЩɱ˷ŻΪʦôһ˵ﲻǣǹٱˡ
Ҳ˵˼ѩصҪôˣ̰͢ɣɱ޹İգʹѩϼ˪򲻿ɣȻϰôһ£ⷬȻ׵ˡ
Сǿһۣͷģð㣬ⷬҲ㲻ˡ˵վ뿪֮⣬ȴͣһ˫۾ڹѩתһ£΢΢ֳһЩЦ̡ô⣬ǷҲˣ΢΢һ٣ֳһĨҺ죬Сѩʵ
ѩ΢΢һЦ㿴أ
ô˵Ҳ¶ˡСǵѩ𲢲֡
ѩԼã
ֻôɰˡЦţһȻǳɣ˵ǲǣ
ѩ΢Цһ£δô
ˣҲˡСǵͷѰ˼һ£һ£Ҫ̣֪ע⵽ˣ
ѩתתƺ³Ҫʵģ˵𸮴ϵǸ־
СȻһͷһֻչۼҲע⵽ˣ
ҿˣúܺá΢΢ͷ⼸涼ڴ˵£˵ʲô𼦰ˡҵǵһ˵
Сҡҡͷǵģʲô𼦰ֻһ˵š
һ˵ţѩ𻺻վתǽǰߺ裬˫ַϡ
ò衣һ£ګګصҶܺãȥֻһ㡣
СǵлӹһڣͷЦҶȻǺζһǵһγ
ᵽ˲裬ѩƺºܸߣֲСĲ衯͸ҵģȥĽֻ֮ϧûˣҪȻﵹûȥһЩ
С΢΢һЦ˵µǸϷɣҺþûˡ
ѩЦ
Ҳʶ
ѡѩ˵ΪԵʱģҲżɽȥ¼壬ֻÿһض¡˵΢΢Цˣ¶Žݡ
ȻСǶЩʮָȤһƬѻתصֻչ𼦡ϣɹѩƫƫᡣ
ϲ壿
һ㣬̫
̫ˣ쵹Ҫֽһ
̸壬˺ɣ˵һЩйĵáСǲòţȻһЦǺãһ£ȷ̫ˡһ˵ϵĲ룬վӡ
ѩҪߣ
첻ˡ˵Ʋǰ
Ʊж񱨣֮ΪˣǲӦʲôձӦġ
Сǰô˵΢⣬뿪żɽ˵ԼǣϾ˫óȻڡ
ȻӴ˶Է˫۾͸˫۾ƺһĪο壬һ𺳡лл㡭΢Цһͷϵĳ
ѩû͵˼СҲ˵ҲûдﵽԤڵջ񣬷ʧЩʲôƵġڹѩ𾼾ĿȻǱһصĸоһľ۵ţҲˡ֮һжġ
ٴλͷʱ򣬹ѩأվǰҡҷ谵ĵƹ⣬ӰӳڵϡһСǵĸоǼ˶׳ǿ󣬲ٽһʿӵǰ㡰秡ĸо
Ϊʲô˵塣
ɰʹֻյ谵ĵƣҲѾĿˡ
֣ǰչصģһμһۿһһ̵ӡһƽĶˡһ麮壬ƫƫȴڶ˵һʼɡҲһ˸ӡ
ڣڳҹɫٴʱǸǱڵӡȴˡ
һ¡ѩк͹һ̡
šСڨڨ˵òš
͵Լԭ˵òſǾȻԲԡͣסˡ
롣
Сվԭ
ҵĹҲǶǰɡ˵Ƕģ¶ʱ򣬻ᷢХ쳤
µĿҶڷתСŷһƬҵĵƹ⣬綼ϨˣԶİӵĸĵ㣬ǸСֵֻشˡ
СǲüëɲԸ˼ҿҹԼһο߻˸ˡ
뵽æǰ氵Ӱ˴գʱһƬƹѩվǰ
Ȼǡڵƻɺ֮
СǼһ
ֽ׵
˵תǰС
Сԭ֮󣬵лԼˡԷôһ˵ֻøȥ
ԹѩУĺܿ죬ƺһҲСǸϸϡʵϣСѾˡ
£ǣο࣬αٶôһյֵĵƣ
ȻСϾˣԷյʾؽ󣬺е㡰۰ҡ˼׹ǰ˾͸ɾˡ
ڷҡţȴûһ˿⣬ǲΪСϲãıӹַ磬Ѻò׾ۼƲʸɢˡ
̤ŵϵĸɿҶСֻ죬ȻһŷԼѾʩչšϷɡṦȻˣ֮ǰеĹѩأһξ롣
ͻȻľһ֤ʵԼȵĲ²ȻԷȻйֻƾṦͺ
һֻƽŵһֻǣų°ڣѩļһɣ棬죬ֻǰٶȣȴþˣֱСǷԼʩչȫأԲ׷ƽʱɴվסǰˡ
ѩĽŲȻҲͣһյƸ߸𣬴Ƭ⻪ӳСǰ
ɴǰУǾУҲͲԶҾͲԶˡ
СȻǰΪɿ죬ֱǳӡ
ʹӷվȴֹѩ߳⡣
СԸıһṦȻȴȻ˺ǰѩЩаŶֱһ˵Ṧܵ˾磬νɽ硱ȥȾ˳űǶԷ㾳ˡ
ľоε֮Ŀ⣬ֱֱؿԷ㡭װ
С̲ס޵ÿһṦ
ѩ΢΢Цˣû
ߡСǰţʵӦ֪ǼҵʱҾͿˡ˲¶ѽ
ѩۡղ
СǵģҲκ˵ġ
мҹˣȥɣ
˵֮䣬ԶĸԴ˹Ȼĸĵ㣬ԭѩߵƫƧСߵǴ·;ͬ飬ñꡣ
ԷȻ¶֣С˻̽ȴֲԸΪ˴ֻõлתȥ˼ٿѩ˴ƣ١С΢ƬƬҶתʱ˿̣мҹˡ
ȻڹţϵĻɳһıˢڴֽϡڵµյƣѾһյʣµһյҲ紵Ҵʱڸ߸ߵʱת
ػǰʱǴǰХȥƿɹۡ
ϸлɽҪ޳˵֮ɫ͸ɺ
ָɽһһŵƣһ˫üëţعͷһЦ͸ȫӡûУʲôգ
غţһԵɰͷ˺̴ˣ̡𣬺ܷЩ²ˡ
һڿڵŨ˫ԭͲӺȻճ죬ȴϸСŵ˸ƾ⣬ʾϴ󡪡ڵ̳ưӡ˵¹ţ˼ܣǵ
Ӿˣ˴˵ϰԴҶúǰϴһ̣۾һУ˳ɶ׼⣬ˡ֡¡
ķԭԭ͸Щ֡
Ҫ޳Űݼлɽһ齵һſڿʣ˺ȥˮݶ˵һ仰˫˫˯˹ȥ
ԭȥҴ̽ʵպн٣ȻתȻԭлɽºʹ߻Ѫһ֪¹ѪˣǺʣǰɱڴˡ
ư㿴أһƵص˶ɣ᲻ʲôµĶ֣
ˡ
˰죬³ô֣˵Ƕˡ
һҡҡͷȫûһۼѰʲôô
ˡ
桰ͻһ֪̽Ʒ˲źۼ
һһ£ѯʣȴϵĶ֮һ֮
Ҫ޳˸ӣţˮˮ
һ룬Ҫȥιֹסһ˴ǰȴл˲ͷɣɫ죬лɽƺȱ޳أֻǿȥѾתֻڵš
ƺڷŵһ˼Ѿãʱ״㲻ɣֻٿϺ̹ܣֱۣлǰءĿѨϵһ¡
⴦ѨϵΪȫʮѨ֮һһбɣǰʹ֮УٵһһԹۿһĿüˣסһ
лԭ˲֮СȻܴһȫ鲻Խطһ˫˫۾
˵֣һ֮£ǵûҪ˶˵ȴѶ˵ʹˣʱټȴŽɺת׵ϣ´Ŵŵĺ顣Ҫ޳Ŵǰתһתͦһ˿Ҫʩչַ⣬ʱ޳˵ͻسֿסţҡҡͷʾⲻҪ
޳ףͷӦ͸һֻƣݴһ䣬Ѵȫһɿָתлɽ編ƣ
Եͷǿ˵ˡ
Ҫ޳طһ̾ϢŶ˿Цˡ԰ɣ
һô£㵹˵ˡ
ʱϵлɽһЦɫԣߡơҧһлɽһ˫ֻۣЦѡ
Ŀ񣬶ű޳ɭɭصԷ˭
޳ҡһͷڣ󡣡
ַһ̾һʱԵ쳣ơ
˵ʵֵ߽һˡ޳£ӣҺлһϣҲĶ֡
һת˵ĲȻΪˣʲôƷôܹɢȴֲһۼ
ڱ޳˵ⷬʱһֱûгڳ˼
һĻûлشȴһ˫˸žϸϸĿעű޳ص겻ɣ˵ʲô
޳˵еϷĿ
һɫ΢䣬һʱó
޳ȻҲһˣȥйʲôڡ
غһ̴ӱҲƵѾ³˭ˡ
һԵָһȴ͸ƣֱ棬ôһ£
һ˳˼һ˫ϸ۾ת޳˵ȥ
޳˿Ǻۡ
صüˣǵΣˡ
һԼص˵Щʲô
޳ǽˣһҲƵĻƣЦҪ仰ưӣ뿪ҧһϢŵ˵ǰڴư˵ѴһƬҲӲȥˡ
һԵ̣ǰǼ¡
ǼΪ֪ʹĺͲʵ£Щʧǵĸˡһڿڵϱ鼸ȫľˡ
һлɽ޳˭ɵӣƵ϶Ͻˣǰһ֪˵ϴƽһ顣ԼȻ˭ʡ
ˮϵлɽ˻ɤӵ϶кãŪһ롢һ롭
һ棬˼ͬ⡣
ЬϿ˿̻ңͷˮҪ
һ˵̴ӲϣҲˡ
еǡơӶԷ飬ҪȻߺߣɾ˵ˡ
˵֮䣬лɽǰлɽһһȲ˸ɾһſӶѪ
溮Ƥ˿һֿ̽ס˶ԷšһɿЦֻЩ£ͺˡͬһ±޳ͷһģҲ˷лᡣ΢΢һ٣תһ֡˵
һɫһеѹˡѵǳԡָѩɽ
֣һȻԾС
ҡͷ˵ò׼Ըǵġ
ϳָѩɽǸŻ⣬˭ֹ򣿡
ǿɲһ
صġ࡯ɶϵֻϽҲŹҲƲһһ
һһһͷͶˣ˸ɶġ
ѵǽӣ
ҡһͷЦҪǽӱˣܻŻ
⵹ǲɣ˵еֻϽ𼦣ֺĶֻҪ֣;һڡ
ȷ顣Ȼ˵Ͻ𼦣ңǻ
ɾֳǰڴǼˡ
˵ڣֻۣȫϣҪôһ¡
ٺЦ˵˵ҲǶţΪֹһû˭
һ֪ˣǰǼ°ɣ
һֵصô֪ģ
һһЦ£Ϊֹһ벻ͨƾư򣬼ÿλˮȫƫǰĴһӶҲûģžһ󲡣ûгȥлɽҪ޳Ҳ£ֻ۾ȫϡ
˵ǰ£ȷƽΪܴ֮£Ϊ¹ǨҲͰˣ벻¸꣬ȻùһЦһƤȥɫ԰ףȻһʹĵ¡
˵òصǰȷʵ˸ûֻ˵һҲȥڴҲˣǳʵǲˡ
Ұ׵üëʱغ£ַֿȻһֱ
Ӧˡǿиǿ֡Ǿϻˣ˵ǸƤӵһƵ˭ţ˵λһԸΪطڵһѸֵġưӡȻҲ鲻Խֳ٣Ŀ漴תϵлλһ˶ˡȻȥԷ飬Ǽ
Ȼбδ͸¶ǰǼµϸڣҲԲ֪һţһȻףҲͲɰʡף׷ȥˡ
ô˵طǲٴȥˣһɫ޷޵ص·λδ̫һɣ
ӣϵлɽ޳һ֮һߵعȥһ
һһô죿Ǿۿűͷϣϴ㵹˵һ仰ѽ
ת޳ŭСʲô
޳һ룬ͷչء
أһҡҡͷûôһšιưӣ㿴ô죿
ҲҵЦţºܼ򵥣ǰģֻ·һʰ·磬ˣߵԽԶԽãڶߺߡ
һһӵ
ЦŴһ𱩵İݵܣ̾Ϣص㻹ĺá
лɽϳ̾һȻ˷ŶֹеľԼԷֱһһأ֣ƾԼһͣȻԷҲմϣɵΪ֮١
˰ɣЦ˵ӱʮ겻ǻġ
һת޳ģ˵أ
Ҫ޳Ĭһᣬҡҡͷ̾Ϣ
һЦһת棬ϴ˵ɡưӣҪǾԣߣԺɾʲôҲ̸ˡ˵һ仰ɣ
̾˿ٵȵȿɣ㲻ģ˵Ųء
ЪȴԺﴫһ˿˵ȴʹĸΪ֮һ
ָɽһԭѹһӵа֪ôйźã֮¸ɣǰ˷ţһ١ಡ
޳ϵĲʣһҧͦվлɽƱأǷһӣȻ޷´ְסǸҺúôţأ
ٿһȥ˴ɵķ磬ϵյƣʱϨ
ưӣǡˡ
һһܻӣڳġϽ𵶡ץѵһõıСν˫˫⡣
һ£䣬ʹûеƣ⸽һҲԿú
һǰ·Ȼվסţָǰ氵վһˡ
գһӣˣϳԼµһַЫԪ
Ⱥǰ档
Ԫľһ㣬һҲ
ưӣ˰ˡ
һһ˵ડһĻӡǰԪͿøˣ죬ۣ¶Ǳ˸Ѩˡ
һҲԪһ˫Ϊֻ֮ŵأȻزƺֻһֿܣʱԤԾڼһɲǣ˵Ѩ
Ȼ˵Ѩζһ㲻ܣڴŵһӣѣ˫أڹµµתһͨ
˸ţ˾ŹֻԷǰüһǳССѨףǶһöСС衣
浹һİѨַ
һǰ֣һָ֡ߡԲ⺱е֣ȻĿԪüеöССʱȻԳԾ
ԪаλϡΪҪѨ֮һһУɡǰԪȻǻģöССľǡôǳһ㣬һɥֻ⡰Сλãʾ˵ĸַˡ
һ紵Ԫֻнżŵأֵλãƽ⣬硰ڲҶȴƫƫزȻһѧˡ
һھۣһֱ֣ԷԪıȥʩչըַΪԷ⿪Ѩ
淽ԿһЩüĿ״һֹǲ
ֻࣣһһԪĺ֮ϡƵӣһӴҡȻֳһΪʹı飬ż۶ǿ߿֮ڣֱʳһѪ
һɢԪҲͨ͡
⡭һֱɵˣһ温մԪ壬ԿڱǣϢޣˡ˭ȻǽӲӲġԪʬȴģһ̯ࡣ
⡭ô£һ棬ֻǷ
γϣֻ׼ʶ㣬ǰΣҲţԽӵ֪ҹԼĶͷˡߣȥ˵仰šȥ
ѲǴ˴ͬеʮλֵܣԪֻ֮һ
һۼ⣬ȻֿһЩʲô
٣ڶֱӰ
ɲǣǰȥԪһֱֱվţһؽ˸Ѩˡ
Ԫһ˫żŵأȴһҹս˷̬Źġͷųһ룬һڵһҧгģ˸סˡ
ԪһģҲü֮ǶһöСС裬ǳģһԪһ˫ŭ͹ţڿµתݡ
һԵشһҲ죬ºŹӰӣԪһͬΪһ֮¡
κԣӰЫԪһڣ˫˫˸Ѩ
ҧﲻƽˣֻǻǿסˡ
ָɽһһЦ۰ͬУȴֹס
ţҡҡͷվˣߡ
˫˫ô
滹ɢ΢ĵƹ⣬Դɱ˲գ۵ǿԺҲ꣬һϮڲס˽̻Ի͵ϵĳȫһɨ⡣
ʮаĺӣסˣҹףѬ֪Ҳˡ
Ƕ˿첽ãûнȥѾˣ˫˫ͣס˽Ų
Īӷ磬һЩɿݵҶСʯͷӶʱ֮
ʮûһģҲǹ¡
ȵţ֨ѽųֺϣš漸Ѿ֪ôˡᷢһ̾ϢƻӴȵŶʱ˿
ŷǶ˫˫Ϊеˣڴֲ֮£ҲܶԶʩɱ֣ݽӣһڣٿ·ֿ֮죬һ˫ӡ
ԭмɭ˵ġƹⱾͰټЩһ׺ɾ͸ˡưɣʮСӣſŵģվŵģŵģ۵ģ̧ȵģйżģпӲŴһģϷ̨ϡʮ޺ոճǸģһʮ󺺣һ٣ûһᶯģ˸ѨʬƵģסˡ
˳Ծģһڰյġ
һһһõһֻԳֻڴϣҹҲƵعա˻ţɾܴˣⷬģ硰ʮɲ޺ġڼࡱէȻۣɲסϵļƤ񶼸˳
桢һѪɱ˲գ۵ĺڵף⾰󣬾ȻΪ֮ɫұ䣬ŵôסˡֱǲ˼顣ʮӣôһ̬յŵģڵϵģӵģӵģſŵģվŵġ˭Ҳ⣬ÿǰüġϡطǶһöСС衣
ڳ־󣬰Ƕ¶΢ĵƹ֮£˸ŵâһСǡ
ޡ
³һһǰ
νмҳ֣굶סͷͷϹιȥһʲôζȻĵѪĺڵĿһࡱ֮Ȼ˵ԼֹǰˣˣܿɾѴˡ
Ӱţԭмɭټⷬģˡǿһ̣ŻӣһҲ˹ڡʮࡱ֮䴩һ飬˴˶Կͣ˽Ų
õĽǣʮĸ˶ţǱ˵ѨʹԭȴֱȻÿǰеöССйء
˷ŷЫԪľ飬ȻҶǰЩ
ưӣһͷô£ǡ
淽Ҫ𻰣ŵľţȻ֨ѽһֳ˿һοɲǱ紵ġһ˾ڵŷͬʱǰҰ׵һżüƤ⣬ͷƫЩϮ·ȴƫЩ¶׹ǽȣṲ̋һ˫âЬʱ˿̣˺ȻСаŶȻǹҲǹˡ
һ˸Ƕһһңһʩչ˫ɡ˿һǡһȴһıСνѳϡõģʲôһӣ㵹˵˵
һĴļ˳
ǰӣɭɭЦţһ˫С۾µµתšǴžͷˣܹŹ֣ǲżƵģǸɤŶգһ۾ֽŵ˭
һͷϷ򡭡ǡ
ɭɭһЦ¶˰ɭɭһݣõúܣҵ㡣
۾һһתôһˡ
һͷ˵ǡ
˱ĵһһۣûдһ˫̶漴ת棬һ¼򣬡ûʲô˵ģλһˡ˵껰Լ˵Ť߳
桢һ˴˻һۣƣԷȴ⣬ʲô˵ģǰΨһһ˭桢һһۣȻģ˫˫첽
ƺ϶˶ԷǸԼ߲ɣͷҲصһǰУǶ˲òӿ˽Ųϴˣϳһ£òŻԿһۣȡĬǰȴҸһβںΩ⵽Էİ㣬˵Ǹţȴҿ̫˫ҵľ룬һл֮
˴̤һˮĥשϵһƬԺ䡣
ԶԶأŵһյǷơյƵʽʮֱ£ԭеġ 







 

  
¡֯ơ޵ 

һƫԺᣬΪסԴʧȥ𣬵طֺ֣ĺܲûвʩӣ׷ɢһգҵȥˣֻʣϷɶһ˻ϺзšһӡʮˣΪһˣԲȡôš⣬һջͷӣ˼ҶСϹͷӡʵֻϹһֻ۶ѡ
һһϹؾסʮѵˡ
桢һһ·ǰеǸĸ֣֪ԷԼϷɴδ㣿أԽԽøˡ¹ɸɿ˵˿ټϿռˡɺϹͷӡǴ󲻽⡣ǵ߽һЩʱһɻ㲻ɶʱΪ߽֮УͬԼֵܲ޶£Ҳ˸Ѩˡ
һǰУϵǰ˿һ۵ţڱطĸǵĶˡ
ǽɣ࣬ȻŮ
ӴӦһعŶЦǿˣҼҹﴫǽȥأСŵ㡭
Ƕ͸ͿˣͿرԷôһߺȻرԼ˼ֱˡ˷ˣǷݲڿɾͱˡ
ѾһͷˮⲻˣȻּӽһ͸ű߼ˡ
ߺߣ治Цţһʱȴֲ֪ʲôԷȻѾˣͼǺη
ǰһְб۵λɣ
Ƕ˽һĿ⣬򵧷롣ǰһں󡣾һֻҽŷԿſʱӭشһѹ֮СһҲоˡ
һֺصĸоǳһǿ磬ƫƫȴûзƣֻһ־֮еѹǿѹ
Ƕ˰ںڵʲôɱûмƫƫǰⷬܣȴһ⣬ǰδǾ塣Ȼǿѹȸо֮󣬽ǾͿǰһλ
λ˵һ׺ģʵȴǴȻԷһɫòŮ
ȻһյɴƣǹܰλƫƫڱĽϴһϮɫ£λһͷ㷢ᣬһɫ˿ţ˦ǰ硣üĿ壬ֱ죬˵һӣֻǸԡޱˡĸо
˵һܶ˶ǷǣȻλȴһֲа˼ʣעʱ򣬳ˡ־塱֮⣬˼
˵ȻţȻԶԷ
桢һȻʶһʲôƾڽڵ϶ľ飬ȴԶ϶һǲǷŻ۹ġɾд֤ʵˡ
ǶһڶԷƣʧȥ˿λʧ֪Ϊˡ
ô
ڰ˵⼸֣һ鲻Խعһ֣˴˶ԿţԷ䡣
ǵҴ¶֪˵ǰֻ·һ·һǻ·ͿǾһˡһ˵˫˸ž۾Ƕת޵Ͼǲ˿顣źľǰԶһŷϸһ޳ĽδʣȴѺɱ
һͱԷĪʻŪͿˡɿһȭ⻰ʲô˼˵һЩ
ѾˣӰɣ⻹ף
˸ӣζ
һ̲סһشʲôʲô˵
˵͹ԹԵҪǸʲô͸ʲôͼ򵥵öֻ࣬Ҫ˵һ䣬ҵ߲
ദƬ̣춯Ƕ˵ĵӿɾʹˣ֮£һ̲סٺ٣ЦЦ޹üէһ߳

߳ôһ£ȴˡȣһ죬һصһơ
˵ǡաһƵǲСһһģһڵϣϸߣֳָӡӡ
һͻ飬ƽԸŰǰǶڷʱѴϸѿһöǮ֮ڶԷƣʼղڵ裬Թ˲ࡣĵƣֻٿһﴦĴʳָ궯֮˻һöǮ
ͬöǮġָǡһһһָǮȷʵ
һƿö˸Ǯڣѷɵ˳ŮǰΣһ˲䣬ԷٿȻУöĴŽǮһ˫ϸָ֮䡣һһ֮£ŷԼ˵ͷǰһᣬһɴԷƴˡŭһҽ֮£ʩһ֮ƣֱ򳤷Ůǰէǰ֮ʱŸоôһ¡ڶԷŮһУȻûг룬ʮ־һǰϮŷ󣬰ǰ˵ӣΪ֮ͣôһԷݳֵĻᡣ
λָָ˼ϸһ˿һ˿ǰ⻪һָɽһͣͣҲ졣ԭһ˵ӣ˫ʮָԼóġָԷŮ˫ץȥһ˫ֲ̽һ룬ΪԷַơ
ųŮָָһӻض˵һ˿⣬鷢ԳŮӨ͸޵ָ֮ڣƫһǰü֮䣬ͺǰ˲޶¡
Ůһϣһǰɱ֮ƣȻ޶ԡ
һĿõȴŴˡ
ʵ֤һУԺݵġˡһľͣ鶼Դ˵Ľ
һĸ˼ңȻ㲻˼Ĺֱˡ𾪡ˡ
ŮĿ⣬һϻ棬ĿӴ֮£ƶشоѹΪ֮һ̵صΪΡ
ŮӦ֪λͬ㷽Щˣѱҵġ֯ǡַѨַ£ҸŮ֮⣬û˵˭ܹȵÿ
֯졭ֵַ֣ǵһ˵ɫϸϣ
㲻֪ôŮȾЩ֣Ҳ׹ͷֲáȴҲû˵ֲáֵԭ
ôҸ㡭˵ŮԼͣɫȻ˪
һԲΪԭַ֪Ůص㲻ҪСһСС裬ȴעĵڼֻҪһ뿪壬Ҳɥ֮ʱ
һ֮׹ˡŶˡ
˵ЩԻܹվƣȫΪ֮ڵάϵһһʧҲɢ֮ʱԵɥȪҲǣ
Ůصˣ˼
һЦȥȻҾٸ㣬ЩЩάʮʱʱһ䣬ЩҲͷɣͼȣһҲ߿Ѫһ㵱ȻҲ׵ġ
ûпҲȻףղԪ߿Ѫһӡ
ŮĿ⣬ٴα˹ôҾ͵Ļػˣ˵ǻȫˡ
浱ȻɵӣԷŮѾ˵һУԼʲô˵ġ浱ȻȻҲǺҡߺߡЦţɫϸһ麹εصʲô˵ģͷԸɡ
Ůϣ΢΢һЩЦݣĴǣʾ׵ݡ
Ǻɫ֮ˣȴҲԵظоԷġ˵
һ˶ӣŮҲ٣ͼȴûһǰλᲢۡȻҲֻһĸоѣתԷǰϣּĽַܳʱҲ˼֮ˡ
֪㲻ģ̇һֻϸ֣˦ǰķֻȴ˼
ôѹرͣƺһöԷвƵģִʲôģ
֪ŮĿ⣬ҲƵض书ԶЩֵܸö࣬㻹Ҫһֱǣ
治Ϊ֮һҡҡͷϷ򲻸ҡ
Ҫķǣɡ
Ů΢΢£Ŀ⣬עǰԣұ֤ˡ
һ⡪Ϸ򲻸ҡ
ҪУ֮ڣҲ֣Ҳ뿪ӵġ
⡭˵ĿģסĶˡһַ֡ͷУƫƫԷþУǻѵã֮£Ϊ֮Ķ
ȻģŮ쳣ƽֻУš΢΢һЦ˵ҲегֵĻᡣ
ߣ汧һȭô˵Ϸðˡһ䣬˫ƻţӥצƵʮֱָŶԷŮͷץ
֡ȻԿٶ
һֱͬһ֡צһΪץˣʯͷҲɷĩ
Ůغһ
˫ֿѴ˶Էķңһ䣬ŮȻƫһƫǹϣƶ
ʽѾϣǲƷֲֻŶԷķȥŭһȥ˫䡣Է˵У޺֮ǣڶСʮְʩչñΪաǰһֻֽͦһһֽǰһʽΪ˫ľ֮Ůȣ뿪ΣҪζùһʽɱ֡
龹˵΢
ǰλ˵ƺûа첻ġȻҼ˫֣ŮӻһӲӲؽ˹һ֡ʮְɾ˸ա治ʽϣһб䣬ظĺΪֱȥġҰסһʽʮ㡣ʮڹտһʽҰסšָ֮£Ůȫ֮¡Ȼ̾;ԶԷŮϵľڹ֮£ˡ飡һ죬һ˫֣ѽס߸ߵص֮ͣ»֮ԳȡһȻɾЩܲסˣԼԼȫһ˵ȷǷ˼
ֲŴһӣֻѴ򵱿պ֮ͣʹӷ˿֨֨һ
ȴʱһɭɭıѾʺϣ۾ͬʱ֮ҲӴ˶ԷŮǳɱһ˫۾
ٿסˡ
ʵ϶ԷŮǿڽԼԶֻɭɭĽȴȻԶԷ֮ϣڱ˴˾֮߳⣬ֱֱʺλ
Ȼʱ˿̣Ůɱ練ƣֻ˳һͱɡ
ȻȻôʹɱ
һ֮£һŮǿڳѲУȻֻǸһ棬ѹ
ʣҲʹӰƮ¡
ֻٴν֮£˵ʧҲҲ޵ˡ
ŮñĿ˵ɷˣ
һǵͨ죬ƽȻҲΰֻ̣ǱȽһȴˣǣ޲һͷײˡ
ȻʹûЩǣҲ׾֮£νԹżΩһ򲻵ѣһԸѰ
һ֮ȴûɣ㡰衱ˡ
طһ̾ʲôҲû˵١
˵ɣȫΪʲôҪ
Ů˵ȻɣΪҪšܼ򵥣ͺҪһҲˣײ
˵ڲʣİɥɾͲˡ
ô˵Ϸһˣǲˣ
Ҳһһ˵Ůѻվ
һʱľǡʮͰˮϰ£ֱŪԷʲô顣ȻԼһ˵ĻȻãȴֱֲ˵ôأ
ŮץǿڳȻ뿪
״ɾ̲ס
Ůվסӣ΢΢¸ˣ뿪ⱱһʲôʱԻ֪ͨǡ
⡭⡭ҩأ
ŮһЦһΪأšڣһϷֱϷһϸ˫һģѰƼ䡪һȸѴСķۺɫֽ
⡭ګګֻôһ㣿
Ѿ㹻ˡŮڲһֻһΡ
һΣ
ĿһɾҪǵҪţǳԣǵ۾
ɲסһ֮治СĽⶾȴԳ̥һҲˡ
֮Ȼǰһȭû̹ղŹᵽˣǡ
Ůһҡҡͷ㲻֪ô࡭˵ȻסȴչһЦ¶˽ݡ
ҵǺܲġ˫ϸϸĳü˭Ҫ֪˭͵
Ϊ֮һ
Ůֵ֪ˣŲæʣ
Ƕţ
ȥǴҲˡ
ǣ㣬
ˣŮһͷ֪ģֻܽһˣͱˡ
һ֮ˣ˵ڴԹһο֮⣬ǰǽеһΡ
ֵǣԷᣬ书߲ɲ⣬Ѱζ֮⣬ֵǣƺ̺һڹܣ֮ηָо͸һһЦ֮Ȼ裬ɱƵ֮ʱƺжҲȻԾ£ΪǷ˵ȴǰԹġ
ŷǰӣŻгʱǶǰǸӾվǰӭŷﲽӣִĹӡ
۾ȴûעǰһһСϷɡһӡǸϹͷӡһһšż˫˫˸Ѩ￴ǣǺȻȻˡЦ͹ͺоͽСİɣְŵģǻѼȥˡ
˵˼ǳˡɱѾˣΪһ°ɡ
ӹӿæӦһǡ
ôأתһתطˣкţԺÿ˸ʮӣ·ɡ
ǡӦһתһü˵Ҳá
ѽǰһһϲȣ˵
̾һһüë뵽ʹĴȱҲͺ
㡭Ϳȥɣ
ǣӿЦţͷİɣүӼȻСһ·̺ŹǾʹˡ
Ӳ˵ͷ˵Ųһ£ģǺúǴǣҪǡ
İɣǹˣ㡭
£ҳȥһߣͻ
ӻ˵ʲôٶ˵ˡ 







 

  
¡ε޿ܡȺ 

λ֮һƳڲʹػˣһһСӪǹ֡һʮˣȴֻӻҩ̧ǹ
Ԫ˼ϣжʮ֦ǹȴֻ֦ҪĲϴһأﲻʧˣܱûкãڴҪͷһ֧ҲֿˡϵԽԽԲҲ˵ʮԽԽ
ԪĵĻңǹһ̵аˣҲĸ˻ǹͬǨѺǹҡ
ϢȻ˼ˣرһϯں԰˽ͤǡ
˷棬ĴԪǨȫˣǹԶǿֲͣߣүǴÿһɶԺͬͤһϯ
Щ£һƣһĵŰʮһԽԽÿ˶ǵȺеķˣټɵ磬ͷԣôֵʱ˿̣˰ƣ˵ǡµ١֡ȴҲСġ˼οĸ˻ǹֵø˵¡֣Ρ
үرãһѾƣû⡣үľӱȣֻѿɾЩ״ˡֻбӣһ·ִƺΪĴһһҼҴүλһȸΪ˵ŲһϾƺȸ⡣˵Ȼ֣ЦУһһѾƸˡүǺѽǨһţΪһ
ѵý˸ˣǾͷˣ
ͣ˾ƱЦλ;˰ɣһȴüͷ㲻ˣ͵Ϊֹɣ
󡭡ү̫Сˡ·ͷˡ
󷲺ȾƵ˶һͨȻװ衱Ҳ
ǰߣ䲻ڡװ衱ȴе㡰Ծ׳ơζ࣬Կѵýôһ֡ĻᣬɲԸ״˳ǲһ߸Ŵ󡭡ү˵Ҳнʮˡ󡭡үּߡһ˵Ṿһһ󱭾ֺ˸⡣һʱ䣬һȫΪ
үɫһΪʧͳԭ߳䣬ǰɨˣ̾һҲȥˡ
Ԫ㹻ϸƳǣ˫λվ׵İɣʮˣǸϹҲͰˣҪҵĸжٺ٣˵һĻܽȥá
˼ͷô˵һʱ̺ԪһڵΪʹ˵ģְȸΪȥһӣѾ˾֪Ͼƺȵ࣬ȴ˿û⣬ȷǺģǱװغԪƲ˲ڽǵĲоƣȭ׵ְڴǰҿºڣɲſڴƻƣ޿֡ƻǹˣ͵Ǹλһ¾ƵĲ˰ɡ˵Ԫתһͷɶ׼ˣ
ͷգǡӪһܡ̸ʲôְȴǸͷǹնʣÿһʺĺ£϶һ֣ʹۣ֮ǺڡӪȷǹɡÿ³塢ʮ塢ʮУٴУ֪˶ٰաֲ£ͣƵǷʲ£ĪֺЩµ֣һͷԵöˡ족ˣȥֻٶˡһܰȻ˽а̽ףүߣȾһʹͣϣﻹʲôϽ𼦡￴Ϊ˰үģ׼һУҪھ¶һ֣һͣҪүģһҲպּۻۣҪӡʱԪһкո˸һλŶǰ׹˸񣬴˵͹⣬ְǶڴǰ׳ˡ
׵û뵽ôһ֣ԭǶԻǹɻֻǲõ˵ͷˡѵöԷҪǰݣٺҲˣ±ɲס
һӪҪֳݻǹǽԴϲһʱ׷׵
շԸһϵֵʱվˣѱõ˻ņ̀˳
ͷ󸮹ܼһ󸮹ܼʱȥճ߻԰һ棬߽ǹ²˻ǹǹ£¶˰ľ˶ǹ·ϻҩǹӶֻŻһˣ㽫
ԪЦ˵뿴һǹǱݡǹлˡ
Ȼνġˡġˣֻǻ˶ѡһһ˿ٵһͺͺһ߲ˡǲ˷ճˣѣһϿյĺһ߻է֮£˺Ȼһ죬мѽǾߵ˺֫鲻ȫ
һԺǸ֧ĵǰһֽӹչʾү뿴Դӡ˼
׿ǲˣͷ­ʧһ۲˵ϾȻѰǵףү鲻ԽֳЦǹЦүϴɷˣֻϹ󡭡ˡһٸҲˡЦЦţһɾˡ
˸æûҪٸ׷ԸѾԪȴǰʵүٿֻϽ𼦴ɡٺ١
յһӣһֺȻһľһһ֮ɳʮֻ𣚣ЩҰէһ漴𣬴ɢ֮ʣǹѿ۶˻ǹֻá䣡죬İ𣚣ڿɢΪɢǹӻУ׷׵ڵء
׿ɲסͷޣһʱĴţҲ޲
ԪЦ뿴ǸϽһɵĽ𼦣ҲһЩ֤ƳҲŵЩǹֶǰѡһĺ֣ۿ׼鷢˵ֻ˸ŵд̿͡
үһ֮£ȥһӰӣ·߻Ǳ߰οն
ǰʱ֣ƻѹҹȻĺɫһЩҹʡԣ˵ͻȻ٣һֻݡ
ȻʱԾԺ˿̣ڸĿ֮£ǰ֮ɿ죬ȷṦһ֡ڸ˾УӰӣѵڶΰο𣬼ǰͤǰ
Ԫһ֮£߳һ󵨡šॡһǿڡ𱳿ɽȻĿǰò֡λӪġܡձӦ졣
ɲǹڣ̿粻ʱ򣬲ԼʲôͷһϺȣǰէȻһ죬ƬĻǹǹӶŵֻ˹ȥ
ڷűݹһ֡ǹ񡱵ľ˭ҲỳǰһǹУʵġǹ䡱Ǹ׼Ϳյ䣬ȻǡʬģҲȫѪһѪǰģȻʵȴΣ
ǹ֮󣬿ǸӰӣһֱʱǸܻ׹ȥ 







 

  
¡ҹá۽ 

ԪͷĻǹڱݻǹ֮ʣ󸮳һ̿͡
Ǿǹ̿ĵˣɲסѺΪ̿ͱСүڣ˭ҲΪһǹ鷢ôɾͱˡ
ǿɲ´ˣṦٶ˵˹ȻǺжġһ䣬һ𣬼ͬʱ֮䡪ʵǹ׹ֻһƵжŻǹǼ˵ƵһΡ۷ĿɳһǡٷѡԣӰӸһ׹ͬʱ漴һҲõùͣӷꡣһ죬˾ʩֽһ֮ٴβһɡһƸڿа븩֫ţһ֣һ¼ɽʯ֮ۡ
һһȻ󰡡
Ȼȴȷдһǹǹδǰ֮һ˵ѽһһ֮ɼɽʯϵÿһӡࡪ
´ŷƣ˼ȻˣסˡһƬʧȺδסѵΣԿնͤǰ
ʱǹ֣ǹšǰһָۣ̽Ѽס˰ľĻǹǹܣһһֻȴ˳۾ǹǹ֣ǲɿֻ֣ƽҪԷˣֻǹͼˡ
ͤڿ
ƺԷʲô˶ûԪְڣ˲࣬ŭ߳һǰһˣ˶ԷǰеŭնΡĵ˴Ƭ⣬ֱŶԷϻ˹ȥҹɫʾߵģƺһϮɫ£ϻЩʲôȻЩ׸һҲԪôһȻ˸աȻӣ
ԪĽ𱳿ɽȻĽŵ׻˹ȥپ˲ԪͷϷ˹ȥƽɳ㣬ͤһ硣ſʲôࡣ
һƼ벼£ݸݸߵĸӣɢ̫ꡱƵģȴմôصķ糾֮ɫžϣһƬգ֪˶·մ˻ɳէ֮£Ϸ̨ϵ
ڴ˵İġȴһˣһ۾ϳ졭ү˵ľһԺʦ֮һ䡣ֻӭɻšǡǻү𣿡
һԾˣѾ˵үһµλͦվ˫軨ۣ죬үϣʱƶһ롪ɲǡͨ
үҵ̣Ͽˡ
ԪȸĸһĳһʵʡԭҪһһǰ˫ˣܰ˳ɶǴ򲻳ˡһ۾ˡ˵а˵ӹǱǹӶ죬ҪôһҲˣǵˣǣǹ˶Էϣ˸ǹֱ˴˶ԿţסˣĴҲסˡ
ֱۣոǰºڣֹ˱벻Ͼʹ˰Ҳѹһ޹⣬ҲƵ˵
۵û˹Ȼȥ˳ơƺ׷͡Ļͨ
һǰһ仰طʱ䣬һ첻࣬һҲ٣ǵ죬Ȼת˻ʧΪһүôһкףۼ˵ľϲʱ˿̣ôһȫЭܡ﷢һк״ҴҲλһֱˣ˫ȭ۾ȴᣬľȫˡүΪλϴθλͨȡǡˡ
ҡͨһʱƺƽͷ֮𡣿ɲҪǸղӹǷ飬˵ɥǹ£ǴӺ˵һ䣬ֱֱرᡣ
æΪܵүҼү
ͨһͷɫƽױһȭĳʧһ˵ϵǸ˳ǹתᣬص⡭
һЦӹ֪߲ΪԼˣᣬᡣתԪЦλϲҲʶλǻͨʿһ¸λղҲˣҲͲٶˡҶԼˣԼˡ
Ԫǹϵ˵Է˲һѾԼͷ˵ɾͽ˲Сһӣֻǣǰھͤ˵ķϣҲ㷢ߣԷԣɶƼˣȻǴͷ˵ǲǡĻԪһЦǰһȭʧʧҵȲʶүǨ˼״ȫȭԷ
ͨЦŵ²ңһһ֮󣬼һߡ
ǰִ֣ҡһ£пһŵǧ𣬼ΣԮȡĳ֮ɲһѽ̺
˴Ӧһ̺λ
ͨһҾҲͲٿף漴
кյһ£ƻصƣؿϯһѲƾתͨȭһ·˪Ǵ
ԥʡݡ˵ʱ˴ֽѶлӹһѣ˺գҡҡͷЦһ£㲻ٲȥ
׼״Ըүϴˮ
ʹá¿ɲ漴ؽӹŵúõذֲɾǷͬīȾ
Ƽһ·ǰ֪Σ
Ҳ̶áֻ˵ĸ֣ϼֳһƬɫˡ
Զǧ룬ѵ˳˵ı硭Ƚٻһأ֮ӣǸ֮ˡ
ôһݣ˾ɫȻͷ
׿̾һȻ˱ʡ̨۶ΣΩ죬͢ʲôֵĴʩҪȥ㲻ˡ
ԪĿµʵڲ֧ȥ㣬ǨΪĺá
΢΢ҡһͷЦͷ֪СĴ٣ҲҪҵǱסЩʱֻȴ᲻Ƭط
̾᲻ˣǹΣѡ
׵һͷɫ˼˶֪ٻط׸ţǿάһ棬һߣﱣסҲҪˡ
ͨʮţĿע׵үĴǡ

֣׿ЦﻹиĴʮڣڷţҲǿּ֧£֪֥ǱҲࡣֻҪҲӦְ֧꣬ʱҲλвͬ볯͢ҲӦЩΪˡ
ֻǡԽԽ࣬ҲнӼòϵʱ򡣡
סߡһ˭˵ǣֻΣҲֻиһʱһʱˡ
ͨȻ˵һԣѼεͨ˷Ͷвǲǣϣܰһݡ˵ݾͰݣͻ뿪λݵڵأһʱȻ
Ȼһֵܡְѻͨһʱ۵
һĻֳʵǰ˿øжѡ
ػϵĻͨһ̬ѾˣڵǰĵһΣȴܲػ
̣ˣ֪УʲôӦ֮ߣ
仰ʱѸ˴ʵÿͷΪ֮һ
׶ԻͨǧһŵΣʮأ˳ƺ͵áĿתĴλۣǲ¶ټ͵ܣ޿ˡ
ͨһ˫̵ӣɲӹƾտĽʲôģԼ뷹ģԼʲô͵ģһ֪
ĴȻǡҷǾͨĿеʿǻԶ
㵱潽׵ˮȴ಻ĴֹۣһʱŨü΢ֳһƬݡ
үæү֪λүӪĻǹһοɾͲˣֻϹѣҪǸܽӴ򹷡޻ء
ᵽˡǹͨ鲻ԽذĿתǼһ￴һۡյղųܲϾˣǣƺȻ˷
͵ܡ㿴ⷬãܶԸˣ׹Ĵ֣ʼձص̬ȡ˵һ˫ӣҲŻͨй
ͨŵͷĿעԪȭǹȺ±㵱֪޲ˡ
Ԫ˵Ȼͨȴ̫ӡ
˵ﻰڹ̶Բߣֵһͻʲôֱֵ˵ɣ
ͨáֵ֪ﹲжٻǹ
һˡԪһЦǹȻǲ࣬ȴҲ㹻ʹ
ֵΣ
ͨ΢΢ҡһͷһֻƱָŪ֮£ϵֱתȻ£ȴ֡˫ֱֱ̧Ԫעţֿ֪˵ĵϸ
Ԫһ£˵Ͻ𼦣
ɶط֪˶ƺǡӡǰ˵ô𣿡
Ԫ֪Сӡ֮⣬ҲͲ֪ˡ
λݵܳɶԴ˶иš˵գת۶
˵˵ɣ۶εһЦλһۣʵԼ֪ޣҲ˶٣ȴϰҪԼ˵˵Щʲô
Ǻüˡͨ۾תȭʦꡣ
ɿһֻ֡ʵ˵ֵ֪ޡֻ֪ŽСӡɶۣٸת˵̡֣һЦεص֪ľЩˡ
ͨĿתˣѯʵλ֮У˭Դ֪øһЩ
ȴû˿
أ׸ɿһګګ͵ʵӡĳֵСŮ˵һЩ
ͨꡣ
Ҷ֪иŮھŻɽϰ似˵ãôһ˵㶼
˵һʦųơӡֳơ𼦡¿˵عٸټҷţһŭ֮£Ϊܣɶɱ𵱵غڰΧˣվסţԭڵءЦһ£ĿעͨСŮҲ֪Щȴ֪Ƿʵ
Ѿѵˡͨ̾һйӡĴ˵ȷ˵ʵԹ죬ǣ书ָߣ̸Զ֮ôһѪΪֹϸˣȻ֮١
Ԫֵأ
֪ͨһ㡪˾ϲ⣬涾Թ񱡣һԭƽҪһңֻû뵽ѡ
˱ôһ˵ֳݣá
΢΢һ£ЦĪԻ͵һҲĶ֣
ͨЦһ£ګګص̴ˡֻ±»Щ
˷Ŷۼ벻ȴԳвǽ˵Ķ֣֮£һʱԻȻ
Ԫߡһصֵδ˵ùڿˣѵ˵˻ǹɣ
ͨЦһµĻǹֵܷѾˣֵֻס
ҶʱѩȻ
òŶ˵ǹ֮ȻҲƷͨӵ书ڻͨҲӹ˵ˡ
ԪյвȴҲ˵ͨ˱飬뵽˼ٵĺ죬磬ȴҲܾʹɨ˸˵ˣ䲻Ӧɥ־¼ı˿˹̶ԲߣоһӦ֮ߡ
һϯƷֱԵ죬
ҹͨƫԺһ侲סΪһҹ߰ȷǲʤ룬ϯ϶˼ƣһ˯ˡ
ʱ֣󺮷ɰ볨ŵĴϮϵĻͨ뼫Ȼ´غ¾Ե˯ˣʱԺһϮסһ䣬ȻоѣͦҹĻֻǲеưյطһҡţǸʱҪϨ𡣻ͨҡҡͷΪ֮ȻʧЦ
Ϊ˻书տ飬ڣ겻ȴһϯ֮أڱߣƺ׷͡ºȷ൱ʹڵɥСԶݡȻһȴǧ֮⣬Ͷҳ䵱һν͡ǷԸ˵ȻԭģֻǻͨΪһʹ֮£Ըˡ
Ϯñ쬣ֱֶͷľһ麹ͬʱͷʹɵۡЩ֣סʹԳһһͷĵ𡪡áѵҾҪˣ粻ڹϣɲǺģһ֮ˣŵһ亹תֵͷϣ˾ȻܵΪԼˮӣźɵߺһˮѵãʢˡͨһ룬ֹסʵĸо
ˮ¶ǣоˡ漴˫ϥϣ˹ϢһڸµʱǱޱů⣬ȣ£̴Ϊ͡ʱоһȻƽԻͨ书֮ˣȻ̾;ôһ£ɵðһ۾
һ޳ӰӣվǰԶ
һӳͷŷϱŷӣﻹһһ͵һģνġٽһ磬ģ
㡪˭
Իͨ书֮ˣ಻ΪԷȡ֪һ
˵仰Ȼôˡ
δ볨ôģ˵ԴȡȻΩһĿܣô˳˾мտṦ֮⣬⻹в˼ġռжǡ֮
Իͨ˵δһ䣬Էǹȴ˸ɭϢ˵òҲ˿ŨصϢȴڲסںӢ磬˹֮УžôһͰɡͨһ֮󣬾þòƽϢ
˫ӻţγƬ̵ļž
ͨ鷢ԶԷϣȻϳ˵ڼҹ֮һ֣Ի֮ͨ׿ԽʶȻһʱ֮䣬²ʲôȻ಻ʾ漴˹ڼѸջءͨȴ˴⣬ǵջأһɹ⻺Ƴ˵Ȼᣬһϲŭݣȴʮֳء
˿岻ʣʩչֺοࣿ࣬ϱߵĿ첻ʮö
ͨԷôһᣬЩաɲ𣿶ԷҪмӺԼ˼Ҳصȵˣƾ֪ԼߣҪӺԼ±Լ޷㿪ôһ룬ͨɲס˸漴˶ĻԪջء
˭ǿţͨصҹǱ٣ͬɷо
˵ͷصҲǣֻǹ󴦷ɭϣҲ뾪ˣ³ǳ¡
ͨһƽ֪ջƣ
߶һЦ˼˹ġ
Ƿ˪ۿƺӸǶ´쳹ƺӡ֪
΢΢һ٣漴ȥûп´űǶƺ׷ͻ챣ˣ
ͨһȻáԭ챣ʵϣԹ̫࣬˴ԭͨѾãǲΪ֪ȴû뵽ΪԷһδıһƣ˴Σһ֮£ɱ𡣡ٺ١ºӡһ˵ʱͨһ˫֣ϥϣƿ˲£ʹĳҲȸһкôǳŰĳˣ㱨ɡ
ҡһͷȴ˵չء˵ʱ˫ͫﾫ˸ʾҲڰ˾ۼͨһ㲻ٳɡ
ءͨҡҡͷտûǰ
չصҡҡͷ
ͨЦôĳ½аˣ
ҲûС
չصһ˵һһЩΪǵطһЩһнϸĵطתЩڻͨ۾㲻ɡ
ðɣӸ¾ҪҶˣ
Է΢΢һͷƽ˵ЩʲôǻͨȴѾٸᡪʵͨѾƴǰһϵڶȻ
ͨһ𣬿ӥȥݶһȴֻôյز߶࡭ڿһŭӥƵ˱ڶԷȻǡи֡ͨȻ飬һתӣһáסһУȻֱ˱ץȥһưžտ
Էʹá֣ĹҲܹɢˡ
չصıһڼȵһֻ¼磬⡪ȡ
ֻȻӭһ
ֵͨһ¶Էƽ֮£Ȼһ£ΪƾԼտĹʹԷѵܡ
ʵǴȻ
ֻƸһ֮£ȴ˿һɾͷֳ˹¡
ֱͦͦվڵضҲһ£ͨɾûôȻˣֻ˵һΣΣΣÿһ˺һһΣҲͺ
֮󣬲׮վȡ
ǵˣۿŻȻһƬƣϳѪͣһҪƤȴΪͨڼҹסۿһĿ֮ͷϵ淢һΪ֮վ
˼ڱѵĳȴû˼ֻһԾع۲
ͨڶȹվָ糣ŭѪƽֳ֮ԭоݵһŻºġת湦ĳԳֻţ⻹ǵһμһ˵Ȼȭ磬ɱ֮⣬ɡ˵仰Ȼһ̾ΪԷصӣԼˣȻϧһɺ޵ʱܲź
ԭûмӺ֮⡪һ֮£ҡһͷֹ˵زʮѵˣ£ܹܵסҡת湦ˣֻ²ҲͲԷǱˡ
ͨ۾α˵Щ֮ĳ˼㣬ûʲô˵ģ㲻ǳŰôʹɣ
һЦΪɣȴûȡ֮⣬˵ԩ޳𣬽´˶֡
ͨһü˵ô˵㡪
΢΢ЦڻأСҪã
ͨһֱֱֻصԷһʱȴ֪Ӻ˵
һ˫۾תһתͷº͵ص²ǳ̸ʱ򣬲˵˵Ƶͬ·֮ˣڳ
ͨؾһ
˽ӵֻǵ˹ȴòСġһ˵
ŶͨŻȻô˵çײˡ¡ɡǡΪ¡Ȼ˵һİ֣ͨɲסĴֻǶԷǸ˾ƽΪأ˿ϲõı顣ͨһǰٸнϴ޵֣ȴϴ˷˸ˣֻһУԼΪۣ֮ɼ书һȷǡˣ족˵á
Էͬ·֮ˣǵһʱܻڣﲻʤпֻˣһʱԶԡ
һ˫̵۾Ȼע书ȷֻǡԻǷ˵Ķ֣㵥ֱˣżɽʾ䣬ȴǻͨʼϷǼ֮ϣͷΪ֮һ
ʵúܺáµĿƺʶΪУɷ͸ꣿ
ŪˣҡҡͷǳϺ꣬û֪ĵϸ
ͨоʧԷδꡪֻǣҶȴҲһ֪
¹ҪԲðҹǰá߳⣺ֲɲ䱸
ͨȻͷ飬顣йӵ£֪֡٣
˵ɫǳصصա˵ǳһţ书ȴԳһң߲ɲ⡣
ͨһʱĲѡ϶ڽ˵Ĵ˵Լ֪һƤë˿ԶԷߣȻδ֮ҲܲȾ壿һʱ֮䣬ظŶԷǸŵɣš
סţ˵ɰ˵һ书ƺʧˣֻձһҲ벻Ӿǳŵĳѹˡ
̾һҲֻ֪书ڴɶп֮֮˵Ȼ;ͣסƫͷ⿴һۡ
ͨһô
΢΢һЦվȻǹլ˵ˡ
ͨһԼԾȫδɻ󣬼ǰӰһŮȻ㴰ǰԭʱܣԶȻˣδӹ˹۲֮С
Բҹţ粻ܣͽˡ࣬仰˵󷽣ȻŻͨ
ͨ䲻֪ŮˣȻпɹۣǷ֪˼ͤһŮСǣŻϰ飬Թ̬ϱؾǴŮɡ±ȭ
ңԱɣ
Ъһ󣬶ԷŮվǰ֮䣬Ϊ飬Ṧһкò챧ȭСǹˣʧʧ
СǣΪ˵ͨ¼Ǿ塣ڸռеǰ̼һԲߣǡѩʹΪ졣ѩйӴǶԷǻĪ಻׷ʹʵ˵ĿһţΩһȷļǶԷȻûле⣬һҲΪҪʹСǷĲ١С֪ѩ漼ڽӽڿǷȴԷƣֻݳ
֮£СֱߣŻͨ΢΢Цֲؿ¼Ҹ˵𣬽Ҳһ֣Щſڵ˳ЩʶҪȻǻû˵ܵǵĻǹأ
ͨǷλ֪ԵĹԷǷʶһСǼЦѩһ۵ɵúܣ벻￴㡣
ѩ򰲣˵˵ɣ
ͨȻղͶ֮⣬㲻ǿˣ֮أԼˣæһΣС
СǼѩֽ̣㲻
ѩ΢΢ͷЦã뿪ͱȥһ¹⵹ʡˡ
С˫͵۾תһתЦͲҵˡ
Ŀһ۾ͷԷѩװ죬ü΢壬ֵصסĪҪô
ѩͷΪС
СǴһŶ̫ͻȻˣΪʲô
ѩ΢΢һЦĿǰٻǶ֮ң֮ƣΪ
СһĪҵסĵطǡ
ѩҡҡͷǣﲻضɡ΢΢ͣһ漴ֵ
ǻġҲضʣһպ
С΢΢һͷһƬãȻ
ͨȴһֱŹѩ𷽲֮£ʱԣʹ뿪æСǵλѵ֣Ǹ˫ʵ·йǰеǰӦ֮ߡ
Сǿ΢Цͷô
ѩѵùǷʲô߼
Сһ˵ǰ֮أֻϴķݶˡ
֮ͨ£΢΢һλﻰǣȴ֪ζٿԷǺ֪ģ΢΢һЦĿ⼴תԼ̸֣
ͨŶһ˵ӵĳԼ书ɫ
С಻Ϊ֮ݣϾ£ϵǰҵˡ
ѩͷй˵Ĵ˵ƽֻˡΩһҪ㼰Ҫ˵һ⹦򡭡
СͨΪ֮һν֪֪սʤܹսǰ˽⵽˵ĳ֣ڼǴ档
Źʵ̫ˡԹѩ֣벻ἰŹʱ಻Ϊ֮ɫ䣬֪ˡֻ۾ȫע
ѩ૽ȥֹŵʧǿ˵
ͨᰡһͷ
Сǵ֪˵ǡִǽ˵
Ź򡣡ѩͷǱ˵Ϊʧֵž֮һ⻹˵κʩչ
ͨͷ̾һסʱһʿ˵
ѩ΢һʿʲô
աͨһګګաս˼ҶСһ֪ˡ
ѩ΢΢һ£һһƬϲֻ˵ǰ޹أ֮£Уʱû׷ʡ
Сһֻνġִǽ֮£̵ص˵ӻŹ򣿡
Ҫ㣬ѩ̵صӱûмĴȷǾֵıšֹȡ࣬ÿԲˬԽϴ˵ǰµģΪġ֮ˣһҺݵĿ
СǴһЦѩֻԽһ֪ȴ֪˽ô֮⣬ƶڶԷǰ˵Ĳ׾ѩȻ֮⣬΢΢һЦδñ硣
ͨԴϤ֪ӾڡִǽȴԵʮֳأһֱڳ˼֮Сһֱϣѩܶ˵һЩʲôֻǿƺϤˣ֪ˡ
ѩȻԣλվˡ˵ţĿŻͨתһתСǵͷﱣء
СǻλվҪ˵ЩʲôͨݣɫȻĬĬ
ѩŶ˱˱ȭɼ֮Ҫ
ͨһ˵͹һ̡
ѩһЦαؿ
ȻȴҲûм֣һλͨԿ飬Ժ⡣
ɫҫ⸽·
ͨһֿ˵ջʵңνϦϦҲ֪Եټ񣿡һ˵ǰŹѩݣ뿪
ȣ¡ѩȻס
ͨɫȻʲôô
ѩؿ΢΢Цһ£ͷȷշеʱ䣬ϦϦ˵Цˡ
ͨȻһ֪̾һǧͶżȻ
˵һʱҲ޴˵˵ϧ֪Щǲڡһ£ŹѩȭҹẒ̌ǰ֪֮£ԵУ治յ֮գﻹͲˡ
ѩһνסȴֻĿעٳٲһԡ
ֻͨлҪ˵״Щѽ⡣
һ飬ʱ򲢷£漰ʧ֮ʱסѩΪЩѶȡᣬڣһѡ񣺡֡мʱһá
˵ţȡһĺƤڴǹģҲ֪װʲô
ͨ˫ֽ˹ֻᣬһʱΪ֮ãȻ⡭ʲô
һ滤ıס
ıסͨȻΪ֮һǽţ׹ɫΪϲ
⡭ͨͷˣ¡꣬θлˡ
ѩȻд˱׻ģ㲻ӶּӺʱ⣬ó㲻Ϊ䷢֣ҡ࡯żҴҪϸʩãΪ֪򡭡ɱһ
һࡱżҴറ¶˵֮ʵֻ֣ģ⣬˫涼û仰Ի֮ͨȻ̾ϳԷʵ֡
ͨԭڷ֮ᣬĵǽӵġִǽ˶ԷıףĴȥʱΪмصסˣлվüģȥˡ
ѩһ̾书Աףԭڲ֮أֻǾ֪ʵʹԲӦҲþ͡
ͨһа֣ԷƺҲ£ֻδ˵ԼҲѯʣԴ롣ƴ֮£ĸԸͦеκҲԴǿԾһҲûгѯʡ
ѩһɫͷȥˣ˿ˣౣأҡԭ˵䣬סˣ˹֣ζһƬ޵ĵʮɿ⡣ɫƼһøߴˣմһ½ż⣬ڶΰ𣬱Ӱ١
ͨ˫һƽˮ˿ֻ֪ϤṦ֣ԼṦȴ޴кòٿԷԼǸıףǰƴСһƤѣڹѩղɳʾˣСĵ뻳ڡ
﷽պãֻǰӰէСǰ
ͨкˣ
С¿һۣȻˡ
ͨղ뿪ʲôô
С㬵ҡͷˡ
תڡ֮󣬻ͨпλ书֮ߣΪƽʵһˡ
СһЦЩ칦ȴηǿУ岻Ϊ
˵ȻͣסˣЦһ£ѵˣߣϣûпźá
ͨҡҡͷüĿˣǹ˵֮ˡ
СǷһۣô֪ߣƤѻǣ֪֪治֪ģ˵Ͳʱ뿪һ̾ϸֳһ˸֮ɫįشͷһΪҾ
ͨһ£ȻղŹ뿪֮ʱ˵ҪҲⰵһ֮ɲԸȸ֪Ҳһ
ôСǿЦ˵ˣҲͲˣҲôΪҡҡͷɫصˣҪ̸ˣ֣һлļΪٷ̺ĶԵ֮ߣ֪ʲôԵи߼ô
ˡͨŨü΢Ｔʹҹ൱԰ݷã̻ˡ˵ʱסĿҿһۡ
СһЦɷģûˡ
ͨá֮ҹȻ٣ӪĻǹأһĿ̫٣߽书̫ߣֻԷ裬Σ
Сǵͷ˭˵ǣ˻ǹҲֻѰգбµҲûˡ
ͨλףӦбܾӱ𴦣ȹ˴һ粨֮תأΪΣ
Сҡҡͷ͸˵вͨһҸײ޻ˣǶλ˼ӿƽȫ£ڶӹ˽գܶ϶ӹ죿˵ʱҲˡ
ͨһ룬Ҳȷʵԣͷ˵ҲǣȻˣϵط󣬼ʹʱ𲻵òӦһҲز䣬Ϊ֪̽ĺá
СǵͷҲĸ˼䲻ԸԶأȴҲɲˣʱһңһټ°ɣֻǸһ棬ȴҪȫִȫˡ
ͨǴ⡣˵Ȼ̾Ϣһֵſģص߾ȫүȫһУҲֻѳˡ˵һʱݣ˴ж
СһʱȦˣƴ磬ˣǧܴͷӱʮ겻ֻҪ˻ţϣҪӦҡһƬ¶˵ʱסεΣ¡
ͨ벻λﾹˣ״һǸжصͨס˹ԣǡҹˣٴӳɣ
Сվðɣƴһ·ˣЩϢ츸׻ҪЩأ˵꣬⡣
ֻͨСԼ΢΢һͷӳ⣬漴ʧҹɫ֮䡣
ͨԷ䲻ѩۣȴҲͬԼҲֻǲ֮䡣λھŻϰѧһ˲Ĺ򣬽ۼôһŮҲʵԸοˡطУڵ£ǼıסͬڶһһģȻ˿У壬ȴ־е֮Сᣬȷǽַ˿飬ʵƲǺ֯
ǹѩȸ֪ҲţôССһСķ塱֮ʵں棬£״ϣһۡ
βֻһƣֻáࣣһһƾǻƤһ㣬ȻΪ֮δͨɵôǾϲڶ漴һػȥһûáࣣһ죬Ϊ֮һ£һλϵֻΪ֮߸ߵٲʱһ֮⣬ǺˡϸԭǰѼɡ㡱ȫɢ𶯣ȴ˺֮ټ䱾ĵȻ󻯽⿪
һʹͨ˷ܣеǰȻôһʵ벻档Ϊ˲ıǷз֮ȡһذף½һȻһ񣬾Ȼδһϲڶμٴȥһ󣬵´ǡһšǣһ죬ǿذ׵ĵ⣬ȻΪһԣͨ˴зģٶɡ
ֱʧ䣬ɴʹ˯һȣټҹǾ뼫԰һ㼴˯ 







 

  
ڰ¡ɮΡʶ 

ʱ֣ѩرٶʮʯͷϡ
ǧϷ¼⣬УԶԶȥһѩ⵶֮䡣
ʯͷϼߴһɲԶ֪ĳˡ
ճ棬ɽһĵ·ʯǣΪ١Ľų̣Ҳúʱ䡣ѩ˲ͼߵƫݾṦѣչ翵ׯճ֮ǰѾ˶ĳǰ֮Ϊڡơ֡
ϡסΪơ¡סΪѩǡǡ֮䣬䶥һɡνߴʤشĶ٣ʯͷ֮󣬱Ѿʼѩ󺵣ѩڶ壬ҲѩȴҲ㹻µ׺һ
ֻѻͷǰ֮䣬ɢҶŷϵѩ£й侢Զŵġ
Ϊ˷ֱϮŴķһǽǽǷأʱ˿̣ˮȴѾ˱һƽһƬˮ
̤һ֦Ҷѩǰ
Ҳôһ⣬յֽҡҷ涻谵Ļƹ⣬ǹ⾰Ȼ͸ʮ
µĺиѾˣӭűһ΢أΪУڲһȭһʮˣǳȴƷԼְ˾֮⣬еĺˡ
ѩĺȻ֣ʱʹòеĺΪ֮һȫͣס֡
һִģһ£߹һֱ˹ѩǰŻȻϳ˭չЦ
ⲻǹʩôһɽ䣬һкɫĺУ첽ԶԶŹѩһѶ˵ƶɮ֮ڴ˹ʩҺȥɡ
ѩ΢΢һЦʮһҾԷлϺж˵֪һֻδѣ˷һأ
зšǳµֺУѩʶ
֮£չЦյԭأֱհʱֲת֮󣬷ָʾƶɮ˵ճǰؽ£̣Ҫƶɮڴ˹ӭȻӦ飬ƶɮӭ٣뺣
ѩ׵Ϻйգ䣬㲻ؿǰͷ·ɣ
Ӧһǡת롣
ѩǰɮ˸ţŸȵ롣
ǰһƬڣֻһɻѣԶȼţգΪɫһΪɢҲ֡
չΪéݣʯ飬֧Ϊľˣɫԣйȿȥʵ޻ȴǹⰻȻżˡǰеУ飬̬֪֮꣬ϵĹ򲻱Ѱ˳ȡ˺ɽʯҡǳƺе֮ƽձµӣõرǲġ
ʯұɽ٣ڶɣǰһʯ٣һյֽƣϵʯһ·չŵúܾ۹⣬һֱ쵽ʯҾͷ
ѩǳͣƺиǽǷһжЩϵʯ˵ɣ֪ߣߣдã֪һ̤ϣ㽫ˡ
ͣ˲ӣʮԼȥɣƶɮȥǰˡ
ѩлݵת뿪תʯͷ̾һϺб徲ˡﻰסʯڣһ˺̾һú·ӥżܣȮԣ׮ɴѰ֡ӡ𡪡
ѩ΢΢һϺеľȴƽǽ⣬΢΢һЦ
ϺУڸҴˡһ˵һ̤ǰ
Ϻʯǰʮʯ飬ΪȤѩǰĵ˰תͣЦףʲôϷҰ겻ֻòɣ
ڵϺȴЦӦԭǹʯѥմ࣬ƬͩҶת崦Ӽ¡
ѩڴʯӣ֮£Ȼԭˣˡǰκ죬ĬȻһ桱ѩƮǰȴں֮СӰδֳ˲٣ûжˣǰԶȴѰ
ѩ𡰹һЦŶ롣ʵţֻҶѡŹѩƣҶӦֶѩŶȻȼһյƣֻ΢֮£Ե΢أԡơҶҡҷѡ߲ȴԱһһǰϺһ޲ľģϣԭߴ󣬼ʹţȴҲһ㳣ΪߡüԷƲ٣ֻǲûʮ̬ʱ򳤴һĨ΢Ц⣬ϼ󺵣ҲѰˡŵǰˣϺԵϲзֻۣƵƵͷôˣûù緹ɣ
ѩһЦһϣʧǣֻϺʱʱţ֪ˡһ˵˫ͫӣţЦôʲôóԵģҪʹ𣿡
ƺЦˣټˣȻݺܺáȻһ٣
Сӣҿ֪ʣһ˽ĻķۣôҪϰɣҿû컯
û컯ҲͲˡȻ֪ҴһۣԲͷǰϸһƬ«ϯ«ϯһᣬкöѩ΢΢һЦʵľˡ
һƤĹͷڣȴʵúܣһ󣬾ǼóˮںڵĶ֮һȦɫľһֻͷڡѰúܣҩеȴǼǮˡ
ѩһʱΪϲҧһҧ֮£ЩףĿС
ɮҡͷЦնն֪ʧ顯ôԭģ˰ɣ
һ۾ѩ˵һл뵽Ϻе䡰ʧ顱ҲֻҴҼڰһֻصġͷڡ˸ɾ
ϺпϲÿһοʱϺﶼ˴ȰҲ鲻Խ֡֮УҲлɣ޵ġĴԿաٲĳԵδˣ֮ҲԵֵİɣ
һ˶ǣɤ۸ɸɵģҭ÷šҪԣҪȵġ
⻹аظŸǶͲӣʢŰͲ֭ҺѩλΣЦʲô
˰ɣЦţ۾ǱʵүүԸƤĺӵǸ̬ٴ۾ʱնѱѩȹˣȹˣ
ȹˣʵˬ죬øɴࡣ
ż󣬹ѩϺж˿ǳԱˣˡ
ˣϺ૵صæһΣǱˡ
˼ѩһЦһТ˳ˣһ٤꾭ǳˡ
ҲˡϺ΢΢ͷһ˫ӣֻǹµµתݡ
ѩڻζŸղŵϣڳһ֪ϸϸζţŶػƣƾӡš¶֭ԡǶһ
ϺкһĿ²żġ˵һûгڣѩѱˣˣǡĽ⡯ɣ
Ϻпһۣ˵ˡֻ˫۾ȻڹѩתţأʧԭеЦݣ˵ɣңʲôҪ£
Ǳ¶ˡѩ֪ǰ͸Ļ뿪ٻء񡭡
Ҳֻϲϰˡ΢΢һ٣Ϻҡҡͷ˵һѡ֡
ϺȻһϥԼɼһֻӬţ漴ӣݡ
Ϻһ̾ӬѰֽ꣬͸裬Ȼײʱ·ʼƽס˻ͷϺһʳָʩչǬһָֽ֮һ㣬ȻУɣƤֽϿͭǮСһΪֻ۲Ӭ֮·ʱɲӰʱ³ӳǳǳһĨ⡣жˣʱԡ峿գ޹
ѩǴסˡ
ô˵ϺдԼѵ꣬ʧ㣬Ȼжȴǡǿ󲻵áȥɡôţϺеǲˡ
ѩȻ΢תϺе㿴ҡ˳ô
ôϺһ䣬һ˫ֱֱš
ҡֻ²ܡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊˡѩ̾Ϣһҡҡͷص飬塭֮ҡ
ܡ
ˡϺпȻ̾Ϣһ˵˿üֻۣǰһѡ
Ϻô˵
ննƺګګصʤѪֹǣһΪԵһϣȻˣһ겻ˡ
仰˵˹ѩȻƵλվȴҲֻŭŶԷУá
ɲôȻδظ롰ࡱ۵Ͻ飬ѩ֪Լ游ϣйǳˣһӲҪռϡүүı֣ȴҲûʲô˵ȥ
ߺߡô˵⻰㻹ôϺһ˫ȴ֣ͷɦ˼£СҸ԰ɣԡɲǴģѩСֻ֪ϺвΪˡǡ㡱֪
ȻʢֻԼˣȴЩ¡Ϻеһ֣ٺ١㲻š˵ţˡ
ֻǼڰӶһ̯ţϺеɫɲÿ
˵ǰɣӷһѽ
˵һɣ
˵˾ͲˣգաѽϺһ֣ѩЩסˣְӶŪˡ
ƺüһ΢΢ҡҡͷţС
ƾ֣Ȼᡭͽǿиǿ֡
ѩתǰ꣬ƿ˴ţ˵ĺ⣬̴Ⱦ˽ˣϺӦ֪عƺУɽֻϽ𼦡ˡ
Ϻϣеһ˿ЦҲʧˣѹˡ
ѹʲô
СϺӣңǷ¶֣˵֪ǡšĳ
ѩҡҡͷ⣬ûеڶ֪
Ϻеܿ϶
ѩ϶صһͷǴĸա
չˣ
ѩ𡭡ѩϺ֣һͬ⣬ʵûʲô
úáϺеͷĸһͣˣչҲˡ
ϺУЩʲôѵҡ࡯лԩҲɣ
ôûУ
˭
ߺߡڻܸ㡣
㡪ѩǰ̤
ˣͶ㣬һŭ鲻ɼȻֳ˿ȴҲ⡣ǰƣǹεֱϮǰ֮ǿϺһɽӶˡ
ǺǡСӡСӡϺһգüëֱɴ˷ˣٷ𣬰֡ӡ𡪡
ѩͣ½Ų޺޵ҧ֪ԼҲǰϺв˵ģõϣҲ³һŭȥ̾Ϣһ޿κεһϺпЦЦðɣǲ̸ЩȻʲô˵һǰˡ
ûаϺһ˫Ӿ񣬡ֵֻܸ
ֵֻѩɹ˵
ƺеͷԺ̫ƽˡ
Ҫ֮뿪
ˡ
УѩЦһɸղѾ˵ˡˣԭɽһ֮ڿϣãȻˣȻһϣ۰Ͱ͵ؿźУ֪ģҵġ̥㣬ֲġִǽ
ֹǺִǽϺĮزһ䡣
ԡϳңƾһ֡áҾߺߡҲǵĵ֡
Ϻһӵӷ쳾֮ˣĪҪϡ
ѩһ£ͷܺãʶˡ
ϺһţŵҽմͬһŶۡСĪҪϺеľٷ𡪡ʱ飬üͷʣԱ۾
ѩһ뵽ٵҴСһʱңǰȻֳСǵӰӡ˫ȴʧӣԼעţϣʧȥЦݡ龹һŴһɲǣһ亹
۽֮Եʲôĸ顣ʹүףҲһ̸Ľ飬Ϲôಫ֮¡ȻƫƫѹסӼԼǸ˼ľͷˣѪһӣ̲ȥģʲôˡ
ʹչ֮£Ҳڲ԰ˡ
ļѪţҪ˳ԽϺе²ĵ飬Խӿɺޣ޲ݺݵһššжһԡԹ֡ԡʵǡ֮ԡҲǷġԡ֮ԡǡޡ֮ܳĳɹһɹѷⲻסѩѩһżҴϣмֻĶ࣬Ȼ졭
Ϻʵû붨Ŀ͸ϸ۷죬ֱֱشŶԷˣԷһһģҲӲ˫ۡ֡
ӡ𡪡ƽ޹ʵһţ¿ǹܶˣ
ѩüĿ˻ش
ƺ૵긺һծ갮ģɫԵǧٽ٣ڲ۾ֱֱرԷ
ѩ𲻽Ϊ񣬾һʶΪ֮Ŀӣְ꣬ĿصϺϡ
Сӣ˵²ҪȥܰɣһƬġκ˲Ϊ֮
˵¸ɣϺмڰˣ֪󲮸Ͽֻͣôϵģ
ʲôϵ
¹Ȼ޹أֻȴƸһ롣
ѩسһʵ˵⵱ڣʵûЩˡ
Ϻȴƫƫװ֪أԲ䷳ؼ˵ȥʮһǰʮ˰ɣͷʮǰһѩҹ㲮һ£Ϊ˾һԸҵСá
ҵĴĸŮʯ񡣡
ʯ񡣡Ϻ˵Էǳǵ޶ᣬò㲮ĸӣһѧڣƫƫ㲮ĸҡ޿䣬㲮Ϊ˱ƽ׵ս飬һ游϶㲮ˣǸӵļԻ񻹼ǵá
ѩĬĬעţҪ֮
ƺһһԴ֮游˵޶᲻ǣ㲮Ȼǡ游Ҿʮʽӷɡ˶٣㲮˵ȫˣ游
ѩһ⵹ǰ˵ģȴҲмɣѵۿ
ϺݸһЦͷʵúãҾǲ˿ӵģʹҲ⣬֪Ȥرܿˡ
ѩͷмֵ
һʱ㲮ȻѱݹˡϺ˵游Ȼȥˡ
ΪҴ󲮸ȻѾͨҼҾ
ȻϺ˵游ʱ˵ȴһĻûС
ǡΪʲô֡
Ϻеƣֹסķʡ
游壬нȥ˵һ룬˼ͣӲʱ
Ϊʲô
еҵʱŹҵҲ룬游ᣬʹʣ游˸ҵ㲮һȥ׶༪٣ܲҲؽáϱۡ³
ѩ𲻽סˡ
Ϻ̾Ϣһ̾游治һͣ񣬵Ȼȫ֪֪ľտ书йء΢΢һ£Ϻнȥ׷֮£游˵㲮ʮӷɾ֮УʮǷ죬ʮһַš⻹˵һҪģմȫۣҵ˼ǡ߻ħ
ѩ𷢳һ̾Ϣ
ƺеΪˣ游˶϶ؽһϣ޶ὫԺֽԵУкһʽȡʤжϵĽ㲮ʹʺҲʧ۵³Ϊ˵ˣϺƽҲûˣΨһһˣ硣
ѩЦһ£ô˵游ʹˡ
ΪΣһӡ
ѩȻ˼֪ˣͲҲǰȥðա
ٺ٣˵úã˵úã֡ӡ𡪡
ѩԳ̼Ϊ𵴣顰ϵ벻Ϻлôһ֣Թɽ񣬵´ͷ˼
Ϻګګصº游˵Ҫǿ㲮ǲɣֻպؽΪ㲮£顭Ҳƻ㲮պ㲮ĸһԵ
Ȼлиһɣ游ΪôԳ֡ȻЩ֮ԣ֮Ȼˡ
ѩϺһۣһҼˡ
Ϻеͷ󲮵һΪʧһۣĻˣպȻ游Ƹͣѧ˾ǽ֮㸸׶洫ĸ֣ɾͲԶˡ
΢΢һЦϺǶԾ̵۾עӹȥǼҳƵ۽ˡСиɣžֽѽʮˣ㸸׺ԡ塯ӣĸΪγƣƺ쳾𡭡ЩףǷ벨ܹյĽйأ㸸ǴˣҪͶҵġ
ѩЦΪʲô
ϺҡҡͷΪʲôҲùܵѽ
ˡ㲻Ҫ˵ˡѩվǰȻãȴߴʤ쬵ĺ紵ϾǱǰʹζǿѹǿżģһԲ
Сһ仰ðɣ󴫹Ϻе
ѩ˵ޣһ뵽ȫҴСﰤȥˡ
ʰɣ
ϺɭɭһЦŽ֮󲮸Σ
ѩ𻺻ػعҪһô
ϺҡҡͷЦǵأЦҿǰɣ
ѩһ֪ҸӵΪˣΪ书㣬ǲɽġ
ϺеͷȷġôǱأ
ĸһȴǸΪϸ񣬵ǿҲͨˡ
šĸ׿ʲôգ
ûСѩȥ˼ȷǰȻ͵͵ҼҴ֮໤ıסҡ
ӷ𣬡Ϻе͵͵һ𣬡ô˵ҵġ̥񹦡㻹ûޣ
ѩͷҸղѾ߹㡭ʮɵĻ򣬽ҲͲˡ
ٷСֻ֪׽𼦵֪ô
ҵȻ֪
Ȼ̫ϺĿտտؿʦϴ֮ȫ±вȭƼӺ̥ˣҲһϳ̣ȻѷС
ѩһֻֻ֪Ͻ𼦡ִǽʮ˵ãȴ֪ԷһŹȻ֪أȴһֱȼһµĻ桪žνġǿߡˣοлС塱֡ҲʮϺϰԵһ𣬡ӷٶһЩɣչϣʦʦǸյˣûɽˮԲɲΪ˶˲Ρϰϴ赶ǹһ֮⣬ÿʦɽԽ룬ʳҩҲ˷һṦɾ;֪Ҳֻ㽻׷һ˲ſϸߵ͡ṦãǷɾͲ֪ˡ̾һЩĳԺִڵȻһصˣЩ㸸ĸ׾ֱöˡѵûи߹ô
ѩҡҡͷﲻЩ飬ĸûи롣ĸҪˣǧҪԼ㼣漰ɶȷʵԴ˴ģȴôҲû뵽ʹģֻϽ𼦣Ȼɳɶԭ½ƫƫٻǰͼҪԼˡڤڤеİš
㸸ĸĲˡϺһ³üлҪ˵ȴ̽˶һֵҲ㸸ĸĿġΣҿԶ϶㸸ĸǲϣ˼ġ
ѩ˵ͷܷϣ̲סʵΪʲôϺ֪ô
ƺҡҡͷ˵˵Ӧ˫֮ԡĺá
ѩ̾һϺУ˼ĪҪҼȣ
ǲΪҲ˲ҲϺګګţӷ֪ܶƫΪ֮޷ҲСҪ֪šֻһˡ㸸ĸȰиģȻҾͽ֮ܽ⡭ΣҲ뿪
ѩһЦҪ˵ȴϺվ΢΢Ц𣬶ʮĸʱ֮ڣϢ֮ڣǰ飬ʧˡ
ѩһ£˵Ϻת
ʱֻʣһˡ
ѩһʱΪƣȴֲܷǷԵˡϺзһȰ壬δûеʱĸһٹգҪƳʮ֣Էûе׳ԼԸ㣬ãԼǧͶϺϰž䣬ÿճ䡱ٶʮ飬ԼдĵȲű߼֮£ĪкⲻɣǿԼǰʲô֣֮ҪƺΪԼʩ֣
˺ͿˡƫƫϺ˵һ㣬ǡײβ׽ơ 







 

  
ھ¡ʳ·;Ϯ 

ѾǴˣʯյ͵ƣ۵һȻð˸𻨣漴Ϊ֮Ϩ
ѹʯǰĲʣ޿κελվǰ󳿷Ϯģˮɿ쳣ãȴһͺĺУﶯһ
ˮɻһʱʢƺһ㣬ɽϺ䣬Ҳ˹أƬôãԼʱȻûз֡
ǸͺϺҲ֪˭ӱӰϿķԨʦŴԼǰʱһ棬ϤҲͲشʲôкˡ
ǿӣ˰ʱϺоǻûתأԼҲ֪ô£һܳס飬쾹˵ļ꣬һҲǲ⣬Ωֳƺתˣֳ䣬˶һء
ҲǷųͷڣֺЩҩ֭һ˹Ϣ˼ԭⲻϢʹþָɣ֪붨ˡ
Щʳ⹦ܽЧѩֻͨһͨůֵأһᴩ澭̶ʮ¥νǶԪдȫ֮ڡཻ֮Уʱ˿̣ӡ
˵ǡһתҲδɣѩ칦ˣԭڹϢ붨򣬵˯ߣʱɳɶ̡ƽѩ˹붨಻ʱתȴ֪ذеĹʱӳˡʹѹֱԭӳǰĴĿ⡣˫ۣȻĺƻʱ֡
ֻɽݣͷڳ¶ɡ̶֮Ȼ˼顱
һսѩվֻһˬȵȷǰʱ̣ɲסͷһ
ƺзûתأһУȻȴѾȺˣͺͷü񳡢СǷԺŪˮɻǸԨʦСӷʩˣʱˡһ˵лվ
ѩһ£ǴʦôҾȻ֪ʲôʱģϷأһ˵漴һۣȴϷӰ
˫ֺʮӷϷתǰҪʩڴ˾ղſɽɮ̣ʩһģ֡ӡ𡣡
ߺߡѩЦһźøƻĳƺУԼȴҪʦӦңҪڴ˾죬ĪΣֱʦлʦ´˿ʲôģһҪˡ
΢΢һЦʩŻףϷǰɮ˵Ҫ֮תʩ֮ټɣ
ѩͷԭˣðɣȻңҲͲˣͷʦ֮󣬴תһɽȥˡ˵ԷһҾߡ
·һȴֻǰӰһһƬ΢ɨǵŶÿֲվ֮ƫУŵ֮Уס˹ѩȥ·
ѩͷһһףʦΪΣ
֡ӡʩ뺣һִѶķ̺ʩңʩݲ뿪
ѩ׹һЦˣϺҪʦҵĽǣ
ʩˡ˫ֺʮʩŰɣˣһΡ٤Ҫʩоأ
лˡѩȻ֮ŭֻΣƺжԼһ⣬ȴçײʧ񲻵áУÿЩ²㿪һ˵һ֮ŶԷȥ֪Է׹Σѩֻ֪ȴǸʮǿӡѩֻ۷³кȻصһգ²ƣȴӲӲذս˰ࡣѩһʽ֣벻˸ա
ӷʩ԰ĺãʧˡ˵ţֻݵƣ뿪ֱŹѩ˫ץȥôһѩɲٵ֮ˡࡱʵĪ⡣˫ַһٿȻ䣬ǰһӰէƮһɣաͷһһšƣԷϻѩȴԶҪ࣬һϢƷ磬־ѨϹƳ磬ֱݴٻǲʱֻúһȣȴΪԷȥһǰһŵ׮վȡ
ѩȻʱϸһĴʵˣз˲ɣ˿ȴֻǰѶԷӱƿȥѡʧˡĻڣһѶŶ
ԭ˳Ϸɵѩڷ𾭣ʵȴҲпէԷ꣬ѽŶְ˾ڣá
ʩ߲áţ鼱֮£֮£ʩһ֮ʽֻƽţáԳơһУֱѩȥģֻһ˫ƴ˶ԷͷʩչšַֹȽԷһ˫ֱѽ˵ôһԷؾʵˡ뵽Է˾֡˫ַݳѩһգһһƬ˳ȥСţһΪƺпأȻ֮ǰһѩҪߣ鼱һ߳ߡ·֮ʴڣҲƵķɳһӻɫ˿С
ԭ˿ϣм־иţ˳Ʒɮ֣Ϊϰ֮ɮ֮һҲѾʧ֣ƺ֪дһܱܿˣعѩ
ѩηݳڿнδ֮䣬ֻ磬һ¡
һֹ򣬿˿һ׳ڿгһ֮Σ¶ֱѩȫ
Ҳǹѩһʱ⡣ڷһ֮£֪书ҲԼ֣ϡʱ״ȴҲʮ⣬һżϰֱ˿ȥⷽжһӴ֪ǳʮɵϾ˿ѩһ֮£лƣͬҲƵĳƶϣ֮һֻáৣһѽѩȫ˸ڿд˸˿ֱ
ѩһʱ⣬ΪԷסϾš֮ˣǿɹۣʹˣȴҲ˿Űһ̵׹棬أֱδ
һֻ߳˾һһ֮磬˭֪Էֱֱվ˿Ҳҡ
еڶ˾¿ɣáͭڶ֮£ҪѶԷ˰⵹ˡһֹ֮ǧʹһʯҲΪˡ
ѩƫƫֱеǧȥѺʯȻְʩˡ
ˡһɮһңңţʯͷһ㣬֮˿УǸһôпʩȫΰƫһһεذȫע˿֮ϣһѪͷֱһƬ顣
˿ɾͽ˾ˡ
ѩȻԷбˣǰⲻҵģʶʶɣһ˵Եһɾͨĵعһ˫ָ֮䣬漴Ǹֱͬһ˿ȥ
ѳɫʱ״ֻŵõɴ˫ŶԷ˫ָܰѹע˿߼ϡ
ʵȷ
ڹѩ˫ָ֮áһ죬ĴָҪһ˿оԴΪΡ
磬ӻֱȥһµ⡣
վĴУһţʱͨһȴȻֹˡ֡ӡ𡪡˫ֺʮôµشŶԷʩÿĹ򡪡磬ݷ֮
ѩȴѽ£΢΢һЦô˵ҿǵˣ
̾Ϣһ赲ҲֻϤˡ֡ӡ
𡪡
ѩЦǾת淽һ˵ˡų̾;졣ѩǰһѹһѰת˹ȴһƬҶֱͷϷƬҶķ֮ƣƵΪѩһƬССҶȡֱƣֱ䶥ֱ̬֮ͣѩͷһǰƣѰǽհַ֮ʺϡġšַرһʽժ𹳡ΪŲ֮һǰΣԷֻ֮ССһƬҶһܳڼҹע룬֮áǰֱ֮ƣֺΪѩƽ
ꡪһɼ͸ƬССҶˣֱѩ֮Ͷֱ¡
֮ռʵȴҲֻеԼѩƺܶƫƫֻŹƾժ֮ֻһѽﶵָ֮䣬յ֣ȴѩķҲûմš
ѩԭΪƬҶʯ֮֮žϸ鲢δ˿ڰһᵽԷ֡г顱ַȷ
оַģ˸֮⣬⻹ǵһȻҲ֪Ű˭ˡˡơϺ֮⣬ƺûб㹦
ǰӰﴫһ̾һ
ѩһ֪Լûв´ǳƺбˣȴûʱݵһкϺлֻ֮һ죬ҡңһǧƬҶɻ㣬Ҽ뷢һԵȫֱŹѩȫӵ˹
ַνġ컨ꡱ򷨣֮ǰһƬҶȴǽǰҪˡǧƬҶէ֮£һƬ̺ХӿƺÿƬҶ϶עгľֻĺХоĶ֮ơ
ѩȻһ֮£۹߷ΪԵģϺǱԼҪˡ
ѩ䲻ԸֳҲȴƺҪʩչɡ
Ȼ˵ŹԼδʮֻȴҲһá
أһַմһ綶ˤһƿǰشһȴֻһաĳ£ɼ磬ŭſհը˳ȥҶ䡢³աĹɲͬ仯ͬһʽ֡鷢ֹĳ֣ٲȻһĴ֮ʽˡ
ƮӰӥ
ɽϺǰ
ֻ۾֮£Ϻϣο֮顪ȴƼ
ӷ𡪡Ϻ۲սк󡭡㡭߰ɣ֪ǹοǱидŻһ٣һᣬεε䳾¡
ѩԭѼһǻŭĿüˣǷãȻϺڲԼĹȻѾԼľġѩһìܼˡ
ƬսԷԼϺбһȭһԲתȥ
ɽԭѾĺɫѳ
ѩȥּܿʧĺɫ֮䡣
ϺУֻ۾ôš
ӷ𣬡ãвһתƺ૵صλʩԭǡšĳֵ֡
ƺеͷ̾Ϣȷ־ˣֻȴδǰһѡ˵ţ漴һ̾
⡭Ȼסˡ
Ϊƺп૲ʮҷȱеĸɣ
ʮա
賿
ѦϷ
첻ԼԼЩ⣬ѦϷѿӦˡ
Уձ黨ӣӣ࣬Ŵ׸⣬ͱԶžЩˡѦϷ˼壬֪һֺˡֺűȻϹ˿ͣѦϷɾȫЩϹ˿ŵⶦʢԶ
ɽڸߣ飬겻СпѦϷĵ˵⣬طɾһʢˣҲϣʤĿҲࡣԹĿ˶֪Ȼͨļ㣬ѦϷζ˲һĪ˴ԶɷΪһá
ͷȻԣط溵үĸȻٻһǿά֡ѦĿϾѸڣʣµڳˮҲ࣬Ϊֺţòؿš
СһŰ壬һѾˡЩϽַˣСϱС黨ձҺģѦˣæŴת
ҲʮӣӦУһһӵϣϿɶˡ
ѩһֲӣձһͱ뿪ȴĵѦүүһ̴ֻסˡ
ϲǱ˰ɣ
šһ£ѩͷǡġ
㡭
үүЦҹ·һŪЪЪ˿湻ģһֻŹѰ𣬺̴ֲǰˣͼݣ⡪ɾͰѹѩͷϡ
ͷţһ˴Ƶ٣СӣһռŰӡ
ԲүǡѦүүһһùѩ£һλ˴к˶࣬ίһɣ
졪һûڣǸԷЩӣλ˺һλվǲ⡣
Ҫ˵ѦүүѩҲסףүүϿЩҲסˣһͨҰ׻Ұ׵һżӣü߸ͷϺףһƤͷȫ¼û⣬òһ
ϱݵһñһĲ̳㣬һ˫âЬϺӰŸխϸϻӡ⺺ŭһ˫ۣѦүү϶ûôʲôＷˣҪǿһͰƤüһôĿˣ治أ
һҪƤѦүү಻סˣȭţȻʮˣֿҲ˵ڵطϻôЩ꣬ⷢƣ˭治ЦŹȸ˼Ҵһк밲ʺãСϼȻҪҪƤ
㡭졭СӡһͷӳŲӣӹǶˣһ̴ӣҪָǺӵϡ
һҪ£ѩһüͷɲԸǣ⵱ڶ
ˣˡүүɡ˵ţͰѦүүһŶԷǸĿˣô˵ģαسˣ
ϼôһ£ȻﾪʱһҪ£ѦҼӣɶۼ˹ƹѦУʮ꣬Բһź͸Ӹ⣬Ϳ⸱࣬ǺġһŹѩЦ˵ˣû£
úááүүֱŰۣһָǸӣλзģаԵҪҵƤأ㵹Ǹ˵˵ûУ
ѦһԷˣɾڽܵˣǡʶࡱ֣һԷ֪Ǻࡣ⣬ǰ⣬ν֮ơѦһԲļӣ˵ɱҪöˣл˵ô˵ģôһ¡ɾͲˡл˵ͷ߳һλ͹ٿ衣
ѩǼֲ֣ŲǸݺӣǴʲôһʱҲ뷢ˡЦһݿˣֻ۾ŭδϨиأģ˵ǻҲǲǮ˵Ǯ֣һֻϴһԪʮصһߣˡְ䣬ÿ֣ٺ١һ۾ɶֱˡ
϶һȴǶһƽ룬Ԫ߶Ƕȥˡ
ڳˣĿˣɶɵһĿɿڴ
ݺӵĳ֣ѹˡͷʮصĴԪһ㣿ֱбŶǲүˡ̶һֹ򣬸ǺȻȭŵѦиӣѦүүʱһаͷɵûӰʣµֻǺµķݶˡ⡭ôһ˵С϶ðˡʧʧһתѩ𣬱ȭֲþصλ๫û˵ġ߼ɣĺµĿˣæ˸λѩһڣҡͷһЦ⵱ڶǲ붯ˡ
λ๫Ͼίίɣ˼һѣŲɣƾܵĻһתȻվݿˡ
ݿֻˣӺ޲һڰѹѩ̽˶
ƫƫѩڰϵӣ̩ɽһȲ¶ǣ͸붯ˡ
һЦֻǰõãԴһΪöСС
ھô˵ص˵һż֪˩ڲϵֻǶ⴮ȴԵСϸ¶ˣڶöˡ
ݿԭںȻ塢֮΢΢һ䣬Ųֱֱһߡ
ĶȻ˸˵ĺ棬ȫ鲻Խעӹȥ
һƥ͹ˮĺ״ŸϸĴעĿһ֮ǰǰ
˽ɶǺġʮ˫۾㶼סˡ
ʮ˾ŵ꣬һͷڷбҶһߴŽ˿ӣ׺Ź⻪Ŀϴһ飬ӶԽű̺İ˷ȹֻţ֪Ѱ˼ܼ֮˵ģôˡһһȻ٣ѦϷϰٵĿ˵ֹǰһŸıղϣŵŲСط棿
࣬ŮȾͲ֣üë΢΢ţԹԵֹһ䡰ᡱӿɾšһȥˡ
һһǴһ
СǾ˷ش˸£뵽Ӧ֮ǰһЩˤ˸ſȵ˼Ҹǰӹ֣ȴ˱һֹȻǵ˼ϣϻ˹һӣĴ̶ɲȸղεεġᡱ̹һӿǹܵˣﰦӴһƵֱȥ꣡һӡһֽУֽеǣӳڲϣôʹһһŶԷǸľͷڵϲУӲǻظҵ裡ֹţɵСӼֱֲô¶
վǰĿˣһı¹һݺӡ
λϵãǸղŵµһλ˵һӣ͸ԼģںһӣȴǳԶԷǸ¹ˣһȴɣΪӻڶԷϡСɾŲӷɵôҲ벻ͨӳڲϻ᲻ʹ
˼ҹǹݵģĸۿͷһȥˣȴ̲סڱ͵͵ƼӸղڵˣˣôһƵģǰĹǰȴԵñϹϾһ˳ӵģ
Сǰһ̫ˣ껭ɫŮ֡¶ĵطһΡǸɫ˵˵°ƤļӶ֬жת˵ײף˵첻졣ˡɫ˵ɫڴһ̣ĿöԷһصˣˡ
Ȼӣȴ˿ź£ǶԷ˫۾¶ǱôһۣҲģŮɡ꾫ֹţ֪ƯŮ˵ۣˣܾûǲǡȴǵúݺݵôܽ
˼ҹɲվţԵشһĹ򣬼ѰѹƥϺõĺ״˲ϸ˩ţתȥͷǰ·ŹѦϷ
ʮӣб۵ĹĪֺֺ˪ô˼ҿģ
ӾǸڻǰ̫࣮һ·źŮռסǸͷȻһ¡
ΪΣѩôõĹ˼ƨɶûŲһ¡
סҳԹԣձѾ¶ˣ԰غŶ
Ůվסӣɫ˼һۣ˼˵ôģ
ŵЩҲסˣ㡪ôûߣȴˣҲ˲ƽôģһϲָԷ֣ӥãֱŹѩıץ
£ôɵġλ๫粻ӣҲӣʱǰŲһ£ӵġצӡȻץ˸գŶԷȥ
ƺȻѩһƬ˿źۼ˭ҲһЩ
ɵһҧڶƣָһʩһֽСԾӥɡвзţһ˹ĵĹѩεܵסһϣ²Ѫ
ۿŹѩѶΣһ˲ĵرȻڼӵϣģӲӲֹס֮ơ
ӰԵջ֣ͣһߡһƹѦУŲǰ˰ʣЦС㡭ǹ˹١̫ˡ
̧ӣɨһۣҲû΢΢ƫһЩ
ɾɲɵŵĹѩһ
һòĲ񻣬һӳšֻ۾֮£ѩ𵹲ʧˣԲԲ𣬹ռٿһ䣬ԷЦȴƵ˱𴦣ü۽ǣഷ֣ȴ͸磬޶⻹ǹѩһ̲סֿһۣ֮ѣ಻Ϊ֮ͷһƽĶۣƯĹˣǰһλȴ޶֮ƣէ֮£λʮơһͷ㷢Ȼһĺڣһϸôڹ֦ķʽҲ޶¡ͬĸ߱۾ĵĸ߰ݣһֻһλƫһ㣬ɫȰףԳһɲ䷲׵ˡ
ѩ㿴֮Ĳͬɲסڰ档
ٶ϶Էֻۣ֮ľ̫ˣڶ࣬ٿȥɾʧ̬ˡ
Ȼһߣɫȴʮֹ죬ǲܵ£ʲô£ܹһİ˹ʳֱǲ˼顣ֵǣﾹĬĬˡǵˣü۽ǵ̬ƺûмԷ˼ǸղǰôֱֱؿȻ޼ɫ̬֮չȥѾ˽Ĺ棬һҲƵġƫƫǰˣȻҲˣ͸ϡ
һпڼȻ֣ȴҲ棬ֻƵƵգһ˫ۣڹѩתѡ
ԽǰһСصЩʲôأ
ΪŮԵһͷ㿴Űɣ
ӦһƹѦеһͷѦƹæǰ̡
СʮһʺҶѩϸһ롪̺ȥɣ
ƹһɵΪԷȻƽ֮ȴԼ֮Σһܻؾ߸᲻һ׻ʮΪҲ£ӦһҴ¡
ѦҵҲȥŵľʱǣԺȼ
ֻǳԹԣȴҲԼסԼǲһ˫۾һʱġб۹ȴҲɲסƵƵŮϹΡ
ѩԭҪ뿪ģֻǶԷͷȻСǽ졪ʮյĺȻ֣ǷʲôѰĺ壿߸ղǼӵǰʾʱ͵͵һĶС֣ȴҲһʱ벻֮һеһУʹùѩܲԡ˴˺档
ѩ뿪£һҹУ˵ʩչܳṦ½ط׺СڴȥٻѲԶ˵ʱĽų̣ҲؼһʱȴᣬԹ۲һ¶Էʲô·ڣԺϣǰȲһѣɴƷʱ䡣
ΣķĿ⼸ԣԷȴضݿˡһλźصɴ۾ϣ²ͣشŷȴں߻ؾĿȴˣʹǿһһĿӡŰ˫ȴ۾עѩϡ
ѩ𼸺Զ϶λǵһ㣬ֻ͸Է˫β˫Ŀ֪Ҫ֪һѧǾоڹˣΣҲɢ֮ͫڵĿȻҲֻڹ֮ˣ΢ļ֮
ǰλһ˫ĿǺڰ׷ܵɢͫ׵һ⡪ڹνġĿǡˡѩһͻȻĲʵһΪˣҪرܶԷעˡ
ҲλҲͬһ˹ѩ죬˫βͫ˾졣
ѩЩҲסĿȴʵתһԡ
ȻųĬ
ѩһӺ棬ղйһξ飬¶ԷٲƽȤɴҲưͣ˭ס
ңһεʱ䣬̫űƹѦ̺ţѸղǸӣΪġҶСԼѩϸ桱
ȻΪԷƲСﲻ𣬻Ƕʮħ֮׼üȿֺãϺõĴʢţҲȫµ꣬ܿղصİ󶼶ˡ
΢΢һͷĿ΢תǳǳһЦƹɣ
ѦˣǶԷһЦֱȫ͸ȶˣ֪ǹ˷ܣǽ£ֻȫǡС㶯ʡڡ
ǡѦһЦţѦССָ̡
ûô࣬ü򭣬һԵǸӣȴŭ߳ţ쵰ô£ʲô˵ʲôûʵĲ˵
ѦƹվһģӿȴǶġӸղôһ֣Ǵ۶ﺦ£治ʱôһ߳ŵ򹪣ǣһ˫۾ȴŷ¶Է
΢΢ʲôųӣҲˡ
Ѧƹǡ
ŵˣһ꣬ʲô˼ѵ˼Ҹɿ𣿡˵˼ʱ˫ڰ׷Ĵ۾鲻Խѩ΢΢һЦֳ˼Ȱܵһݡ
ѩ벻дһ˵˵Է˫ĿֱѦƹġ
Ȼһһʱ벻ͨʲô˼ӡһֱΪѩԷǵжԵģ벻ôһĹ˫齻óѡ
ȻһԵǸӣˣҲƳһֻ֣֮ﾡܴΪޣȴҲû˵ķݶֻƵƵգһ˫ۣڹѩתݡ
Ѧƹ˶Է˼ӦһҴ¡
ѩҪƴǣλһ˫ӣȴһĸ
ĶҲˣһǻø·أԼҳԵȥɣ
һ£˵ʲôһӴ˫۾㲻ٶ˵ˣ˺һӦһǣתڿǰһͷ
Ѧƹֶһ롰ѩ桱һ͵˹ѩǰҴ¡
ѩżλЦԼɴ಻ٿ
΢΢һЦĿעԷ˵ʹͣҲҲͲˣ롣˵롱֣ʵؼйһ
Сڶԭѹ̣οҶ̣ѩһʱ죬һҧȥʵ̸ᣬһĿ״ԽȻһЦͷƫһߡ
ѩżԷڣԭһȴÿӲ濪ڶ΢ɢŷڣⷬϸģȻԼˣ벻һʱʧ̬ԷЦҲǺЦ
һ棬У΢΢һڣ
ѩѧس˼ڣѦҴİͽᣬþɿڣĪ˵Сڶôϸɣֻ棬֭ζִ֮䣬ɴ˼ȣǷ˼
Ŀ⣬Цٻ⣬ܷ֣ȴʧ֮磬Ϊֹ಻ѩ˵һ仰
ĬĬֱͣѩ̸꣬һ䡣
лѩȭһᣬʢݵлˡ
һ˵վ𣬲һЦš
ѩкβǲ
ӨӨ˫Ц˵Ƽˮ꣬Ե´ǡ
չءѩȭ̹
㲻֪
δ͸桭
㡭ǳЦ㻹ǺͿһĺãǶˣ
ƺϣԷ֪Լ̫࣬ƫƫȴסڵʶԷ
ѩ𲢲⣬һЦǰɣ
һأ
ѩͷǰŵľʿɣ
ޡգһ۾ʧúܡ׺÷𣬼ĸϰҲһЩŵľ䣬ɣҵЩһ
ǾͲҵˡѩһЦֻ񲢲ʺϡ
ȻҲ˵졣۾עѩң㲻飬ѧ
ֻǴѡ
Ͳˡ߻ĵصͷʵʾ֮ø֮ͻ΢΢һЦסԷˡð֪⼸仰˭֮ô
ѩԽʽļ俪
һЦ֪㲻סļ֪
ѩ֪ġӵã׷λӰݺĿ˲صߣһ˵٣˵򣬴ô仰ɡ
ӣЦȷϧǰûоƣҪȻһһ
Բưɣ˵ʱѩٱһڣȥ֮⣬ֻǶԷȴûн˼²豭ҡҡͷ̫ɬáϺõǰǹ䲻ԵȴҲҪ
Ͳҵˣ˵
ҪߣĿԵصҲͲǿˡ
ѩҡҡͷҲʲô£ʱ仹ࡣ
һЦͳˣһ˵㣬ǱͷϵļӣӦǰ˵λһͶԵĲҶǣúȥɣ
Ӽʱһ㵣Ŀǲ⣬ݺݵض˹ѩһۣӦȥ
ѩܼĲΪȻƺҷռ˴ϯλޡ
ҪʧҴǸҲˡ
ѩҡҡͷǵûʲôӦõǸң͹̫ͣƽˡ
ͣԺеʱ䣬ؼһʱǲǣ
ǲǣȷʵ˵֮˫һԴ𣬹ѩɶԷٯĿԼĪ³ʹǹϣҲȻôԨԴϣ
Цҡһͷ´ˣס˺ܾá˵Ŀǰɣ΢΢ͷЦǸϸĵˣҵҪЩˡ
ڱ˴˶Դѩȷʵϸڹ۲ܡ΢֪
һԷָˣʮָоӨ͸޵ָףȻΪ棬ٱʱָһˣԷʮָָ֮Уܲһصİǡָ롱һϸС֮λصĸ֡ʮָ⣬ȭţǡ͡ˡ
ڶˣѩҲƲϵǸεĽаصıȻҲǶԷСһڲͬƷĳˡ
ֱĿǰΪֹѩ֪ԷȻֻǡֶѡ϶ʾˣһע⡣룬Է֮ϣȻ൱ԭ򣬿ͬԼԭ֮ࡱһΪǸϣָֺʢԣֻҪһڣΪ³ɴҲʾˣΪ˲֪ˡ
һʱ֮䣬ѩ뵽˺֮ܶ࣬УŮˣɼָ֮Էòˣȴû˵˭أ
ʲôǿ͸£͸ء
ѩͷɴ൥ֱصĳӦò֮
΢΢Цŵأ
һƬãȻ
˵ΪһʼҵˣȻнˡ
ѵ֮ѩҡҡͷȴš
ΪʲôһҪ֮أ䡰֮һڡȻвΪԷֻ˵Լǡ֮ȴû˵ʲô֮󡱡
һ֮ʧѽ¶֣νԶʧͣס죬һ˫ĿԷϸϸ۲Źѩ̬ûС
ѩƺûﵹǷˡ
ɣӴĶ
ֻϸɸ룬ںƫһ˳һ֪ⲻǱĶǶԷԱĲˡˣôĽԽ֪һһʹǳˡ
ȻǺò裬ѩƽزȲˣҲ˺һڣɲסޣò衣
΢΢ͷԭǱˡ
ѩһ΢ЦԼã
ЦЦͲ֪ˣ˺Ȳʱ̬Ϸǲһġ
ԭˣҲΡѩƩ˵ϷڱһϰҲ뱱һ޶ˡ
ȴǵصصıˣ𣿡Цô𣬽׵ݣ˸ŵ㾧⡣ƺһŮһ˫۾ټϰ׶ݣȻǳɫˡ
ܴѩ¶ˣҵȷǱˡллʢ飬ڱҪˡ˵ţվŶԷ΢һȭ뿪
һЦ̫ˣԺ󻹻ɣһġ
ѩͷԸˡתƹѦſڴҾ
๫ߡԺ볣ѩЦӦţһ·˵⡣
ʱ췽˿̶ճۣ˵Ǹ죬֪ˡ
֪ˡϢĲţҶ˼ĺ⡣
ѩûȻٽһ硣ƹѦϷ̤һʱȻǰӰӰ΢ΣֳһݵҰ׻Ұ׵һżü߸ͷλߵĸĶȻƵǰͷΪ
ѩէһ¶Էı飬ѼԲ֪⣬²ͣȻǰ
ӴĶԶŭһ˫۵ʱ״ɴסȥ·ˡôһѩֻͣչصģͣһͣлһ㡣
ѩӷģ
Լġ˵仰ʱƵƵعˡƾһСѩ϶û˵ѣȷǣӷʱ֡
ʲôô
ѩϾش׼ֻҪСӴĲԼ֣ʵʩɫ
չصģĶƵƵգһ˫ۣ֪Ǹӡǡߺߣ㻹Զ
㲻˵һ㡣
ߺߡðɣĶһӣ˸ž⣬һϵģȰԶһ㣬ϡûʱ˵ͷһۣЦֽȥٽӽҼҹûУ
ѩһЦҪǲǸˣҹǲҲԸˡ
Ķŭֻۣ੹ЦܺãҲôһˣСǲˡһ꣬˫һʣҲưȴһ䡣һƬӰԿն׹˹ѩ𱳺󡣾ӽδ֮ʣһֻͻȻָһѸֹƵģֱѩץ
ѩ䲻籩¶֣ǶԷͶȻǳˣǰūŸղűһְַ֤ԹѰҲͲ̫ӣһ֡ѩצ쳣УȷʵĪ⣬ѩ䲻СӲӲؽһơ
ǰ磬бӣѩáڻɳʽӣȻƽơ
ֻƸһ֮£ĶӣߵķݰƮ˳ȥ
ѩһ߳ĪֺĶܲסˡ
ԷֲͬʱУѧĻ֡ȻˣȥȴҲǱˡֻڵչµµһתǸӾȻ磬ͨˤϣڵϾһ£ৣһվȴҲɲסһĲ׮վס˵ǻˣӱȣȴһʱֻȫѪѡĶǳ˶Էֻһӷ࣬ȴǲҿڳͷ˭ֻҪһסڵѪ͵˳ȥֻԶԶҲҵڶǰۻˡ
ѩһ־ԭȻЩĶԷֻ³ܲסˣʱ״ҲЩ⣬ԷһūţȻ֣ǲò˴澪ˡ
ֻ۾Կ֮£ѩͷһһˡֶȥ
һƬռĴӣȥ֮ңѩһ룬ʱ١
ʱ侹Ȼǰɷѩ֣ǰӰ΢ҡǰƺһѩȥ١Ķʱֳ˾֮ɫŲŷﱧȭһȴԲϿ˵
һ˫ˮͫӸǺεѿ˴Ķ̬ô
ҡֻһ֣ɲסæؾͱ졣
ҪֳڣǰһѸס˴Ķš
ĶӻһΣΡ
ȻǸһӣȴԵԷѪĻļӶ֪ô¶
ߺߣһؿڶ˰ɣûϢĶ
Ķɫһϣ̲סҪڡ
죡Ŀⶢ
ô˵ôݣֵȴ⡣һů͸ģֱϮԷѪ֮䣬֮䣬ѽĶŭȵѪҺ֮ƣػĶŴһڳҡ
ߣȻŭ㱸ȥܵˣô£
֪Ҳֻʵʵ˵ˣǡղŵǸչصġҡ
֪ˡﻺصͷߣ˵ȥ׺˼ˣ
ҡֻһϵļ
أ
Ķҵҡҡͷ
֪˰ɣǰ׻ˣϹ۵ĶҪǿһֱҵķϣүߵˣ޲ǰȡ˫ۡ
ĶŵӴ˸Ųһ￪Ҳˡ
ЦŵôţҸ˼һϳԶٷͿ˳ˣ㣬үô㣬Ҿ͵ҵģҪȻߺߣСŵ
ҡСΪŹ룬¡˼ҵĵ
ͷüԲһƢ湻ģĶһ·ܻ᲻֪飿һʱҲҿˡ
չصСأ
ߡˡ
֪ˣĶ
⡭Ķָһ¡
￴˵ǰһۣ֪׷ˡ
ν򹷿ˡչصԼ˲ӡ󣬿ʱַԼǰˡ뵽ɾһݺݵҧһĿдĶһź¡
عĻĶͰ͵صСӣʩת֮ǣǡ
˵ѽ
СΪǡҿһۣԽСĵصֻϽ𼦰ɣ
ﾪһҡҡͷ񡭡һһ˫üǣҲ¡
áĶְڣɲܲ˵ү߽˵ֻ𼦡ʱвá
ͱˡ
ǣ˵ţĶ͵͵۴
һЩʧطˡǴ˵еֻ𼦡񣬵ɲӣôֹšȻֻ֪˵еĽ𼦣йһʲôԨԴһйϸǣҪȻײһ̸٣˵ˣ֮ǰ˼ȴȡİĽԼˣ˲뽣ر𻹹˼仰ǲ֮ʱԸ𼦡õġ
ߣЦһţչصǲǴ˵еֻ𼦣ԼҪһ
ǵأ
ڡĶӦŵǣȥĶȥ
ٻȥ 







 

  
ʮ¡Ͻ𼦳 

ƻʱ֡
쬵ľûһˣҶڵɳɳƶתɫһƬѤöýλ谵
ǰʮ֮ϦšԼƻ裬ҡǸʱɾͲˡ
ȴţرš
ʱ˿̣šǽܹգϢĸо
ָдʱţԽԽֱһ̵ͻȻȻըȻһС
˭֪δĻǸǻǻ㲻Ҫġھõľ壬ֲ겻Ľ֮󣬵˽ӡ֮ҹķ̤ʵˡ
ıҲô£µԤڡڻһ󣬿һ֮ľ֪飬ȻѪҺʣĿڱֿʼ֪ںˣˣֲӰһεϮ
ʱΪӦѽڣֵʱ򡪡̫һɽҵʻ±ָСǣԺ˼񰸣㱸ظһӦľջﺣģһţʳͣ룬Ⱥ˷򸾼֮󣬻ϯǡ;աˣззݣݡ
үΪ٣ųҹĵƻᡢգʹ;ˣȵһӦĿ֮󣬲̸ϡ¡֡
ʱ򣬺԰֮ͤڣүϿʵı£޼ڼϰŸʽ±ʽģʽģëģὬġ˵ڶжɳءࡢơʡȡ˱ܣɾʤˡӦڵˮҲһǲٵģѼ桢ӡɳʺҡź۽ȫ
߳Աģֱҹأ澵ķ£ڰϢ
ʱķˮˡ֡˻ѾصشⷬͷԭѾͿήˣȴǻУƽ޹ʵַֻϽ𼦣ǡ˺Կ
ԣҹ֮ҹµͷȴѲٻˡ
ڡ١ǰͷ϶Ӱףŵİƣ϶ѾʧȥЦݣӰҵϻƹҲȥؽзˡ
ĵشһȶţ̽ͷһջͷ
ŷһԺ䣬ѹһָͷСġܽţ۾ùԲԲģģһ𣬿ɾͳŰ˳Ƿô£С˼ժԷļһͲˡ
Ƽһ˫ۣſЦǡүү˵һݶҸϽ洫үĴ¡
ү٣ƨһڡǼλүǴƲЩҪҪ⣬һӣͷˡǼǹ֣һǷָʹĵԣֱһҤճġǿϽ𼦻ûҵ꣬ССʮӣҪҪ裬ٶپ⣬£ûһȺͷʹġ
ǻáţʶȴйӳ嶯޲ЩһϽϣһͷ֮ޡ
ҴԺؿһˣȴܾݴ˶жڷأʵȴʮֵš˳ʯ̵ıֱͨһֱͨҴһͤΪԺ裬ҹɾԳˡ
һͤ۶ͬ¸˵ʣʸ뱸ǰһжǰӦ಼õǿǹǴʹָ쳣
ڶͤɽԪǨӱ߲ӦǡĽģ˸ǿͨȻǽڻԵǱȵС
˵ڶߣ˴˷£үͬģȻԺʦҲֻܸү׳׳үһؿ϶ǵס˵ˣȻȴȻ⣬ҪʱԷ̸ȴһ֣ԸΣִ࣬֡
ףģǱֵ쳣侲顢Ϊ٣ݵԣδɡ̩ɽǰȣڹľҲӦ硣ֻǽٵĽƽκһ¶öࡣԾеʹǣ֮ȨƺٳڶԷԼϣǵˣһ١꼰Ĳǽһ˶ѣļܾܿ㽫𣬲ˡ
ˣ׵Ҳû˷硣ڹȥļѾܵضˣ˱ҪİšΪڶʳͣһһǲɢ磻ūͼˣ˼ļԸģˡټһңջ֣٣οɪҶͥǰգƽꡣ
ҹҲ̫һ㣬ֻĸˣ׷򸾣ŮСǣʿͨ⣬󡢽šѾϲҲǲߵˣֻ
֮ϣһǿĸˣνʱ˼ʱԳꡣΪɷַͨһһ磬үףһݵص㲻ΪҵģҲûеⲽأǵŮҲܱǣǻλүһ˵Ŀתͨ΢Цס
ͨվ˲Ҫôƺң𡣡
ү㲻Ҫ˵ˡǡ˵ȦˣүҵĴҪסԶҲ۾һתŮСǣҪסԶҲ
СǵһͷҲģ
ˣʱҲˡ˵ˣҲòһˡ
أ⾰㻹ҪҲأأأ
̾ϢһҽأͲذɣȻеطɣ漴վ˵Ǹ󡢽šѾϲڣһǳ⡣
˼ͨȻվԭͷֵܣҲͨӦһŸһ·ǰУ˻һֱԼիڣһƬڰ
˵ĹɫѾȫˡ
Ƶơ
ūӦ漴ȡơ
׿ˣпصЩңֻΪഫ黭벻ͷȴҪҲǡҡҡͷʮȻ
һʱϲ˫ֺʮӷ𣬼Ȼطүô˵ѽͺˡͺˡ
˵֮䣬Ƶƶ
׵Ȳ룬ֵಽСϲˣͨ
鷿ﾲĵģŴڣӬ
һǰ̫վס˽ŲתŮСǣĹôɣ
СǵͷЦҲЦƽһ£ĿüɢĸǼһˡ
ָ̧֣ߵһ㣬߲顶弯ڰ˲֮һשǻģƿ
Сǲװѻ˵꣬ǰ֮£漴ʩչǽĹ򡣼ֻֻһľһֻعƵģһ·ǽȥ
Ϸ򸾼Ů˹ȫĿɿڴһԵĻͨɲסͷѡ
СеϣոԣƿǱ弯漴ǿש
ǽڣͬɫʽķש֪һǻģȻ֮¸޴ӱʶ鷽שƿ֮󣬲żһɹյİť
׵ͷߣɣ
Сԣհťת£ֻǽڡ֨΢һתתá֨ѽ죬漴Ʈ¡űһɳɳϢǽڣͬڵһתֳһεĹš
վ⣬̾һӵͽȥɡ󣬱ϲšȥɣ
һүأ۾һɨǰĻͨŮ㡭
ǡ
˵㲻ضˣȽȥŮ㡭ǼϻҪ߹֮⣬ҲڽˡϵȻ֪ɷ飬˵Ҳ档ɷͬľģȴҲ֪˿ǿ棬һ£ȻһͷðɣҾˡ
׵һƽȻض˵򡭡֮ٿ
ȥɣ˵󣬴ʮޣ鲻ԽΪ֮¡
ϵͷ˼̲סһŮͷǻġҲһš󡢱ϲ¹үСǱ׵ߴ֮£һ˲Ų밵ңٲô˰ſ֮ۿӵ˲롢ź£֮һ
ͨͷүⷬãǡһɴӦ޺֮ˣ֮⣬үҲܡ
׻ֹѾ²Ҫ̸ˡֵܣô̰õǴܹҲϵ̧ˡߣǵǰȥɡ
˵תⲽ
Сʵγøײضһʱֻ֪׸ԣҲͲҶ˵лͨԼ̷ңټڶ໤ԺٲֻϽҲδþȲʤ㡣ôһ룬޲ܼˣƴһŽиɴࡣôţС϶ŵƣڸ󣬲ƹմĻͨšһš
ôСæվٵƸա
ͨȴһ촰
һʲôô
ͨǰһ£ת׵үȴһֱŵģ
⡭ҵǼǲˡ
˵֮䣬ͨȻ
Ȼ紶һƣһ̽ס촰ߵĺ
ʱСæѵƾٸˡ
ƹմͨſԼץƬϣֳֵָۡط˭Ҳ벻ȥɨ£ѻ˺һ㳾ңһССĺۼҲۡȻһһָӡ֮⣬ʲôҲˡ
һ龰ͨرֳһֻһԣЦһƮֱ¡
Сǰһ˽
ͨһ˫˸ӾתȻסвλ
Сæٵӭȥ
ȻྻģͭСһۼ
ޣһʵСҲˣǽż⣿
ˡͨһµĴţֻǳ֮⣬Ҳˡ
ôĹ򡣡˵ţͨһŻϣֳһĨЦⷬЦȴҲʮʾ硣
СҲѧŻͨŵϣһֻ촰ֻƹɴĵƹⲻͣҷţӰ档˺һŲƮ¡
Ṧ¸߳ʮȥΣͨһ˵üͷ
߲ɲ⡣Сҡҡͷ˵е㲻šûйͷôܽ
ͨҡͷȻ˵д˵ġж򣿡
ޡ֪ƴ磬ѵ
СǼˣ֪šжĹҲ֪Źм͵ġһԪȫĹ磬ǣ˴ж䣬ȫ򼡣ͷܹ֮Կɳͨ裬Ȼνġռжǡ
ֻ֮Ǿֲչǣ֮Źʵͬն
šжĹ棬ʱСǲʦѣҲδʮַϣʱͨһᣬƺȻľ죬ʵڲ֪
ƴ硭ʲô˻ֹ򣿡Ϊ˭أ
಻Ϊ֮ݣһ˫۾ͨȻǿģİܱ˷֣Ҳ˵һ㱣Ҳûˡ
ͨɫʮֻ֪Ͻ͵ġ
һʱ󾪣ô˵ѵˣ
ǵġ
ͨȻģŶԷ촰̬Ҳһֻ⣬棬ٴȥһֻ鷿ĵƬ
ͨӣʵڲ콵ȻͨȴȻδźʧ̾һЦ˵ṦҸ߶ˡֻˡ
׵ʱһ
С˰οµ˼Ҳòٵˣǵˡ
ͨͷ˵òүҪ侲£Ϊֻ𼦼ʹǽ񡭡Ҳֻڲ̽϶
СǺߵôҲ͵оһһֱʲô˲أ
˵֮䣬Ѵ˳İ
׻ȻһѾˡһ˵Ųǰҿ˴һۣĿƫÿȽȽ¡
һƬĿݻͩҶɲɵ˰ƵͷϡȫûġȴѾˣӳ鴤һ£Ų̧ͷ۾ˣӽֱǽվʶ֪ҪȴرλˣȻǷأ
һ˫ԯƯƯˣȥͱ̳ȲϡڹᣬŽ߶ôڶûһëƥһǧƥҲѡһƥ
ƼֱԼ˯ôʵϲǵȾˣŴһǰԼûзһƬҶԼˡ
Իٶȼǰӽţƥֻӣô·ϣûȻȻȴ˿Եͳ̶ȡǾϸѵԣΪأμ֮࣬ոµԽǰϳƫеؾҴŵͣ
ưԽҵ죬ǻ˰ɡ
װ辫ɣƹζյƣҡţÿһػζҲʹܹһؿڳԯϵǸˡʽǸ°ɫĺӡֻڳһԾͬһֻҲƵǰ
ŵáһתܡ
վסһȻԶԷǸ°׳֮ڣƶʱסˡ
ǣתԷǸ˿ţ㡭˭ǰĵԼϵ£˵ˣɲסȻһ
Ѿӡһ󸮿ʱֳǸˡʱǻͨڳֹ£ֱ֪ճºɱүﴫףǸ֮ˡһĺȻ֣˵ҲͿ֪ôˡ
Сӣзӣȥү˵ʺˡһ˵ʱ˫׶ٵӣǹµµֱۿתƽƣ͡
һŴֱŰǰɵ
ƻŲ˫һӣϣǡȥ
˵Żܣɶ룬˸ͷһְֻɵ
̧ͷһϳǹٸĴͷ۶һɫĺ񱳹ͷŰ׻λεĵ⡣ʲô£ʵˣǵ
ƽ͵صһӣ˵Ҫʸү
Цһӹһֻչ𼦣һݡ֣⣬Ҳûеڶ¿ûһ۶صһŻһɲ˾ôҲóȥеĽӦԼͦ
Ű﷢䣬ͷ˵ͽȥүû¡
ƴӦһȾܡ
۶һ˵ţǲ񣿡Ӧһ˨¡¡Уѽȳص˿
۶ӣȫг񣬵ȻҲ֪ҪֻƾԼͣ赲ԷƵģȻϣнӦɾۡ
Ŵ򿪣ӳģǶԷǸˡף춷ڶ˵ף춷İģֻһӣףĺٺЦţ˫漴ʼ˶Դ
ԭﻹŵѣʧʧ
˵һŶԷǡ
С䣬ֵһᡣ
λϽ𼦡ϵҵģڣ۶һ˫ӣѾע͹ĺϡ
ٺ٣ף춷˫ۡգҲգضԷͷСһ㣬ȷĴǴ𼦣ҲԳƺ˼ǽ̫֮꣬⣬ޱšһγ㣬ҪߺߣֻԷļһͱסˡ
۶ﵱպε磬ǰǰԷһֲˣڳѷؽѵһ٣һʱ˸ͨ졣Ҫȥ¿ɾͱٻȥˡ
˵˫̣ʮָ繳ѿڳѷȻûаҶĳ˿⵹Ҫֽһˡһס⧷һСצֱԷ춷ǰ϶ȥ
˵һƵˣҪȻԪҲᵥ£νвԣ˶ԷͣνǿʢȻҲߡ
ϧջͨף춷ϼ֮ʱδĿãҪȻ˿򲻻çײ
ǰһƼҪ˶Է춷ǰ֮ϣߺȻһһзִ磬һƣͻȻǲŴ֮䣬˿С
ۿףŲмȻΪ֮һһֻצƵĵ˳ȥĶ
ۣһѽץ˶ϡ
ֻֻϣһѸֹʹһץ֮ԷָͷΪ֮ݽֻʹöﵹһ
Զ˵һл㲻ġף춷ָš֮£ֻã
꣡һ죬ֻǽΪ֮۶ϡ
Ӵֻʹȫһף춷һߣϲšֻһ£ѰѶټ𵱿գֱŵǰһʵļɽʯײ˹ȥ
Ŀ֮£ɶȫɵۣ˼ʯѪһؽޱȵĲͿһ˳Хһ󵨡
һǵԿУһӰӥչգ˫УˣšƮʽһǳɣҲΪˣʱ˸ģװվˡ
ټһ꣬һӽѣüҲмǣʧŴͷǱǿ˸ŽľŶ˳ݴ󻷵ʾݵţǴͷ
۶ȻûײǿɽʯѪұ۹ĵʹټǰ裬ڰԪ˫۱֮Уֻ壬һʱ˹ȥ
Ԫֺ˪һߵذתһ죬˵˾䣺̧ȥǼ棬ſڵվã֪ǰ⵵Ǻ롣
رȭԪһ˫ϻ۹ǹµµڶԷ춷תţǸӺ޲ҪѶԷȥȻݵܶǰ֮ɲóȻ֣òӡŶԷĽ֡
佱ˡ鲻ףѰѶԷˡ
ԪһٺЦ˼ֵܲʶݣп㻹Ҫһ
ʲôף춷Ű飬ףĳϸǰĿôУߺߣƣϸӦÿúˣ˵һ䲻ϸйĻҹ֮£ߺߡģܵô
仰ɱ뻹Ҫһ䶼ش̽Ԫʱסˡ
ף춷˸ϸǴˣɽڣûգףĳŻ㣬ûʲô£ĸ߰ɣߵԽԶԽãԽԽãҪȻɾͳˡ
һ󺮷紵Ԫһ䡣
ʲô͸ģǽҹ⵵£Ӧ˭ҪװϹӣӲ洳סɾ͵
һɲǣԪ͸ǵĺ⡭͸˵ͫףʵɫԶԶŴǰ˫ԯĺ˵Ǹ˵еɱħڵֵĴϽ𼦣ˡ
ףĻ˵̶ȴҲ޼ֵνܱмģԪһǱͷľҲƵشڵˡ
ȴһֻµİӣں۶ôһӣ
ϴôˣ
Ԫһ֮£һҧͷ뵽ǰô£
ɾӦǾ仰ˡﻢ£ֵߵʣǰôЩǣԼһܲͷȻᱻԷһСסˣҲǹ¶
Ǩ۾ɵüӶǰСǹӲм⺷ֱݲùġ
͵Ѳһ¼ӣ˼˵ĻҩǹԪɵ˼
ߺߡԪЦߵشֱûֻϧ͵Ĳ֪ôеȥͼȻˣβĳ﹧Ĵˡ
ף춷ɭɭЦЦ¾Ȼⲻ֪ˡҲգҲԹףûиһкҪȴҲѣ͸кһ
ףı˵תңңѸٷڵϣֻƤ΢һᣬڶ˵һֱŤ
ף춷һߵͷվ
ȫۿֱ֪ⷬʲôƾ磬㲻ӣɺ
ȴáһֻƹȻʲôҲƵģһ·βͣƵƵͻعţֱԺٵرӹȥ
ⷬԪԼ۾һʱɵۣʶĳֲԤסɲôڹӰӷŵͬʱֻһӰӣѾǰ
ԪһֻöԷӰúÿ죬ãŵƻ˲Ұ׵ɫ˵ĳ֣ǹһ㡣
Ӵ
Ԫһģɲסһһʶ㣬һԾһ亹
ֹһˡڳеˣĿӰӳֵһ㶼סˡ
˵ǹӰӵȻԭģΪȻֵӰӣ˵ľһӰӣӰûʵģḡƮġһȫϡ
ԪδӣһԷעʱǸȻһ˱仯
ڳе˵ǲ˼ġ
һͥԺҶҲǸصĹӰ
ƹ⡢ɫ롣
֮£ǸӰӣһƥĶӣΪµڿйĵƮš
ֻһƥлһ£ڷſֳ˲Ʈ̬Ȼȴһˡ
һ۲۵ˡ
˵۹ȻվǰԪǰ಻߿⡣
˽ľ룬ȻʹԪƵҲԼĪϳ˶Է
һҵ֮һ긦ǿ
һ㣬ǿ϶ģǾվڵǰһȷȷʵʵˣһһ൱ص
ɢݡݵģһаںڹĳէȻȥƥӣһЩüĺۼ
趯ɢҷ˿񳡢һԼâƱ˵һ˫ӡڣһ˫۾ֱֱԪϱš
ԪǺεɣ벻һǰ˵ĿʱֳԵ飬ֱţһ˫ϥǸ鲻Խش
տտĿգҲգضԪϣصһͷ
Ǹͷ

Ҫң
ǡǣ
ҾҪˡ
ޡԪ鲻Խһô˵ǽӡ󡭡ˣ
¶ˡ
ͳдԵҲʹڳڶ˵ԳУȫΪ֮ͷһϽ𼦣Ͻ𼦣һֻ𼦾ǰҪληˡ
ԪԷԳֵһǽ֮ʣһַֻס˵ӡ
Էλ˳ƽ̫ĺڵɷǣؾչЦݣ˫˸ž۾ȴȻգҲգԪϡ
Ԫסֻɿˡ
еĵ̫ЦݲʧصҸλᡣ
ϵҵģҿû˼
Ԫ鲻ԽֺһĿѲ֮£ֻôһĹԺѾۼ˲ˡ
磬ſָɰɣֵǽӦ
˵ӪİաһֲֻһֻֽıС
ն
仰ƽԪԵڸԪ˵ѾˣҪʱһ£ǹ뷢ٺ٣Ͻ𼦣ϳ˳Ҳܷˡ
Ԫдһ˿̤ʵˡ
ȻܵģǳףյѣҪʮֵİղС
̫أԲƶվԭأҹҷ½ƮƮ
һ׷ֳǰҷ֮䣬ʹ˻ȻʶˣѲǸˣƿ϶
̶̵һֳб䶯ƳһƺǨѾԪңҵԺȴԪһĸֵ֣ԾԾԣΪߵĽӦ
ŵ죬ȴƷεؿס˶Էף춷սɣһ
һжֳĽ̫˵޶ãƫһͷԸ⣬˫˫ֱֱֻͫעԪ
ܿԳˡ
ΪֹԪʮֿԷڶԷһ˫֣һʼʹҲûֳʼڲǳɼصĺڶг
ϵҵġԪ֮ǰм仰Ҫգʱˣү
ض˵
ֳڣһ˵θس
Ԫ⧵֮£Ӵ˸֪ƽֵİӣٺڵɷǣȴûһǰλᲢۣо۶⡣
ǲٶ˵ˡ
ɱǣԼǸпͣҲһҰﳡӵͶѣ벻ԷȻ϶ԼҪ׷ԼֲɡԼڹٳϵ֣һ̫ˣйùĿɶˡ
ܵôɭɱƵˡ
ԪֻԼѲؽס˵
һѡ
һ۾ȫעϣƣǷǳֲˡ
ǨУǰһ˫йٱʣһֶֻᣬֻ۾ҲƵֻϽ𼦣ȴչŰͷԪֻҪְˣͬʱ֣ƶԷء
һҹϮҶֱתԪ͵һ٣ʩһʽˡֱԷ̫굱ǰ
Ը̫µǿУɲȡŪգһʮ湦
´һɵ磬ֱȡԷ鶥ǡ
һܵóѣȥһС糶족вԤڵСŭ硱Ԫо裬һиýж˵Ԫлпȡ˱ˡ
ӰµĽ̫꣬˿Ҳûƶڵĵ漸ѽŵɲ֮䣬Ϳͷ­ȴһš˿
ͷתģһ쫷һ䣬߳߿⡣
Ԫһ߳ϸֻӡһ죬ڶС糶족¶Ͽ𣬴ƬֱȡԷǰء
ǿˣΪԪĵ
ڿת˸ԲȦӣ¹ֿ͵ӣҲԷӣϼ䲻ݷȻ˸ա
ԪƣԷ˼һ˵ƮȻǰ
һʰԪŭ硱벻Ҳܹˡһʩебһһ֮ƣбŻȥ;ž
һƬӰͬŵıȥƬ⣬ХУֱŽ̫к˹
ڴͬʱǨҲٹԴ˫˫
һ˫йٱʣ㺮ǡ
Ǩֶһߡ
ǰֱȡ˫ͫʺټԪһ̫һ״֪ˡ
˵ӶģйƵĲһжƫƣø޷ˡ
ǵĶ֣̫ˣȷʵ̫Ī⣬Ǿˡ
˵ĸдһġ
һ˫ʡֶᣬУȥȫîˡʵȴȫ˿ա
ֳĿߣ޲ɺһʱеֲԼ˫۾ô¡
һһУΪ棬ͬʱУɾͲ򵥣ǰܷȴǰδϡ
һֽ˶ǰƮȻֻȫ˸ա
Ԫһ֮£ʶɾ;˲ǰһ󣬶Էֱյ֮ʣŷеһԼʩչȫȻ
ǨһһңʯͷҲƵĴվšΪľţȴʧ̬˳ɶǱ˵ѨˣԪĵһȴƽƽڶԷ̫ϡ
ֻôƽƽϡ
ȻˣԪʹʩ˳̵Ҳ𲻶ǿڹõĸֵ
Էݳһֵƴʯס˸ֵסԪƣһĹγԪǰһγ档
Ԫһȴδϸֵ͸𺳵ݣγϣ̵һ䣬ţ
ģȡֲĺ
仰һڣֻõһɣѿ˶Էƣȴһ˦߳߿⡣
Ԫĵ㺮ҪߣﻹüۿŶԷָţһͣԪȻ˸ֱͦͦصȥ
ֳˣ˶ԷǸף춷⣬ûܿô¡
֮ȥԪȴҲˡ
̫ƺʩչһֵľִǽ𲻹ڿһ£տѸնԪķθʹһغ
Ԫ֮ǨֱһһҲ̵
ʵˣֻӳٵڲŵѣ֮˾ںͷǴ̵һССѪڣ̫ʩһָ½ɨ˵ĺͷⷬ˵ֳ֣ûһ˿壬ĪֺڽĿˡ
Ԫˣ䲻ʲô˲Ĺ򣬿ʡ磬ǹһ֣ˣҲҪֵİˣ벻ԷòûŪ壬ĵȻȫɥʧ
̫һɱţലˡɱӺãֳʮӣȫľͷ˶ƵĴסˣ̶ȻȮɢֿվͤλӪİգֱۣԻûǰŻʧ룬Ϊɱš
⵱ڣȻҲͦסˣòǰʩչǹһ٣մһ
䣡һ֮ƣϡ
һϨá¡һƬǹӶɻȣХֱֳȥ
ֳҲֻʣ˰ˡ
̫Ǹūף춷ֵǣ˿ҲŻ̡
ࡪŽ̫תšһɲǣһڶгչ˿
ʱϣֵηʴ󣬴˿һʩѹѹһƬɷԲлؼһγ˼һը֮˶ķ顣ȴһչգȻֹձΪǧٵĻǹɢӶһУһԶһԶȥӰȥ٣Ҳɴࡣ
䣡䣡һǹ졣
ǹӶҹգɨ֦ң졣
Էֱֱţ˴СɾһаŶŶԷתϮӰһӿһתһֺֹɰʯѣĻǹӶӶ˿ա
Ǿ˰֮ϡ󣬲ҲƵģɢ
ڵϵռֱԼ˫۾׹һʱŵûɢȴúܣһǹ죬֤ڲǹ˻𣬿ȫ˿գȼӣǰ쵢飬ԷǳյԼѣǿɾ͸
һ֮ˣɲסųһ亹ﻹҳܷӣɵ͵شһͷӰ֮С
еǰȥ⣿
һͷ򰵴ӭȴɭɭһѸֵ󣬲̣߰ͷᣬǰģֵذףһɾѡ
ΣѪӿӶһ£صȥ
ǰҲûǴһ¶ԷɱԼ˭
һֻΪֻϽ𼦡
´ˡף춷
ͬ硣
үǿžүһӣڴ͡
Ŀ֮࣬һʱ˵ꡭϽ𼦣ӣ̫꣬𼦡˵һ󴮣ʵֻһˡ
˶ؾжһ˹ģǲɱ
Ժ˵ʮʬˣҵĻԺԴεļǹֵȡЩˣһ⡣
øˬӻŴ̱ǵѪϢ֮Эһֳ㡣
ү˫ֱžµĽɲ룬Ŀ˵һ롱ֱֻ£ģһš
롭롭ȡ衭
ĬĬصһͷ
ͷɽ㣬ظƽҷһǱ⸱Ǳκ۾ҲŶԷǲٸûбǮɱԽ 







 

  
ʮһ¡𼦳׷ܴ 

˷һ˫ӣǲŭټŨڵĽü̱ޱɱһͷֱ£ʣ磬ɫ԰ףŶһ׷շǣ꣬ԼӦѮ£׳űȳվҲࡣ
үֻͨƾһоԷǸǱȵе
νһý񡣡壬ĺҶ顣ü罣Ϊ˴Ͽ
һӦ֮ڶԷֵν⣿
ý񡪡Ǹˣȴǽ֮ơ
ĺˣȴǼ֮
߶Ǹ
顪Ǹһǲçܡ
Ϊ˴Ͽ뵱Ȼεݺȥ
үشŶԷϲ뿩һһƬõĸԲߣһԵ絽צ۹ȥˣʱ˿̣ȴһĻҲ˵
ü΢Ŀ´ǰڣȴԱʼ䷢صĺ
ֱɵˣҪԼˣֵν⣿Էڹ˯ˣ
һҲû˯ˡ
һ䣬Ӧ
⡭үһĭ۰Ͱ͵תֱšԷǸף춷ϵҵġ˯ˣ
ף춷ȴǼֲֵصһͷһЦ˼ˣʲôֻ˵ģҼ˿Ǿġ
ǡ
˵ǡ֮⣬Ҳʵڲ֪˵ЩʲôģȻˣҲҴСͷɶϷ
ϵҵġү̴ҲƵزţй˼µġ

ֹͺһ˼Ҫ˵ȥ
Ҽյˡյˡ
үһ˵ΡյˡµĻɾʹ£һګګϵҵġ˼Ҳ֪Ҽɹξ٣ǲ١ԣǡ
˵ĻòʱΪֹ֮һµĻѳڣߣԷȻ˯ˣ湻ˡ
үȭֻ֣ƵƵЦ⡭
ɾֱһԵף춷ſګ̵صףү㿴⡭ϵҵҪˣǾ͡
㲻ˣҿҲ˵ȥˡף춷ţߣһ棬ܲЩ顣
үЦǣףүൣ
ߣף춷İֲһֱߵǰмһ˵سҼҴүЩиµĹأѵ֪
⡪ʲôأ
ߣѹˡף춷ʶһ˫ƽüëĵؿŻ㣬Ͽ֪ͨӣ׼ȥɣ

µһ仰˵ֱԹϴһףŸվһӣͻֱͦͦ
죬Ǵ˹һѷƵףү
㲻ٶ˵ˡף춷Цţȥ˱ȥɡ
ףү²֪ܲȡ̡
סֻ˯еĽ̫꣬Ȼֹס׵
ף춷ص̸ҼҴүи겻׵¹ءؿҪ֪ʲô
ףү͸桪
ߡǾ˯ɱˡ
˯ɱˣ
ֳڣүͷһضƵġ
㻹ףף춷һ˫׶ٵӣ˼˵ҼҴүϲɱ֮ǰС˯Ƭ̡
ԭ
ף춷ֱֱصҲ͸¶Ϣ㣬ǾҼҴүӿɾҪˣүҪǸϿȥ֪ͨףǾϤˡ
Ӵ⡭ߡߡ
үҲסˣһϴȥ
û񣬽°ſʵˤ˸ſﻹƬ̶һҲƵˡ
ûϢĶ˵
үصضһ½ţŵһŵᣬƺ뵽ʲôˡ
󡭡үˡ
˭ˣ
ֻϽ𼦡ˡ
ֱû˹ͷηŲ輸վġ
ͨȥסһֻ첲ǰӲˡ
үؾʲô˵ɣ
ǡлүү²˳١
ǿɣ
ֳڣɴ
ɫһӷ࣬ҧźһߡǿʲôɣӺɷ򣬸ǣǹ졭ǰ濪˻Ԫأ
󡭡үָˡ
Ƭ촽һүүкүǼλɶ
ˡ
ˣ״һ£ˣ
ˡˡҲƵĲţӪġšܣµĵ֡Ҳˡ
˵ȫˣ
ǡˡ
һӲ԰ףƬƤ΢΢ţǼҵЩԺʦأ
үͱˡ
˵˵ţɾؿ
׷һ̾ϢЦһµⶼҺˡǡ
վߵСˣŮҵĵشƣ̲סͷ
úӣ㲻Ҫˣҵúܡ
һ˵վ͸࣬˵Ҽˡ
ԹżΩһܹһˣϾΪ٣ǳˣͷ֪ƽ֮㡣
ֻػصֻڻŲӡ
۰Ͱ͵ؿ󡭡ү󡭡
װһֹ֣ķԡü壬Ȼ˼ѾĴ¡
ﱯŭ𣬻̧ͷ壬
ڡǰһ£롭ʲô
ߣȥ
һ־ȥҽȴͨһְֻס
ֻ۾Կ֮£ͨ΢΢ҡͷ㲻ܡ
Ϊʲô
㡭ͨҧһ˵ǱߡҲˡ

Сüë죬һʱҲ޻˵һԲشͷ
үѽʱǲˣøɡ
˾ģ̾ϢһǸǻǻ㲻ߣͬСǽȥɣ
ȥɵˣȥȥ
ͱˡСǵţ뿪ȥɣ
Сֻ̾һˮɲס
ү㡭ô
ᶶһŵ󡭡үɲͿ¡˼ǡ
׻ӻֲȴתͨү㻹ʲô˵ûУ
ͨȻһЦͷү㶨ģź˵
ԭһԣǲ˼ν廹ϵˣЧĿģȴԸΣڲ壬³ױ֮⣬˭Ҳһʣĳǲġ
ơүһֻţҲúܡ
ү֮У
ơֵܡ΢΢ŵΪٶ꣬ʥ顭µͷſҲ򶨣ϵ㡭
ү˵ﻰͨɭɭصĵʶֹΪˣүС岻ʧʮòֵ
⼸仰һƷ룬̽ķ֮Уһʱɲסػش˸
ֵ˵úáƵƵͷЦֲһ㾹֮ˡ
ͨЦһ
ʱڼʱſĵʶ
үǫˣͨ˫۾ϹҪȻǧͶʲôֻܹհɡ
ĿöԷ̬ͷһ𣬰һ뵽ԷòԣʵڿԼΪˣһʱϧ֮ԣԹֻ²ֻϽֻ֣ͨҲĲԼ뵽ǲɴ֤ͨ˶ӣ֮Լ˽ƣҪ֪߳ȸ־壬塣
ֵܡתһδȥСǵү屡죬жɫ
ʱ򲻶ˣʹϷ򸾣лүӴ˼ĸͷɣ
Сǽƴ磬ݵύߵͷѡ
ƺܾȻⷬȴҲᵽɸУҲͨͷȴһѲס
үͲҵˡ
ֱַֻС˫˫
򰲣޼֮ɫΪ࣬ȴǿЦİΣͽɣ
׿СǣǶ˶ԭм丸ĸ֮Ҫһ̳ڣ治飬ָ
̾һתͨͷһжֵ̣ܣȥǸħͷȥɣ
ͨȭ
Ů΢΢ͷٲȥ
үͨס»лҪ˵
׿Ц˵ɣ
ͨһˣ̸棬²һʣȫɴүֻһ֣үȴҪ´ã顣
ȻͷֵܡǵȻ֮¡ǡ
ͨ΢΢һЦֻϳ£Ž£תһǡ
ֵܡʲô
Сһ죬漴תӡ
ǻͨڲϸУҲڳСǣŽ£ȴ⴦һıסǵչѩٱ֮
Ѽ֣Ҵҽ·ã˫ףǰ
⡭Ǹɡʲô
һʱС
үضʣֻ뽫ãԷһ
⡭״󲻽صΪʲô
ͨҡҡͷȴ¹ܷ壬үл֮á
ͷһϲֽӹһ벻ԣҪԷȴԲ⡣
֡ܣʹá
Ҫ׷ͶȴΪСס
ϰɡСǴƴдġ㻹ǽ˰ɣ
ĿԶԣΣ΢΢ף̲סˮ
ڱһ䣬Եøĳ
żϮҹ磬ߵŴزţйɫƺڵˣĪϦϦ
Ѿ˵Ӧ˵ĻƺҲѺû˵ȻһȻܸжԷȻҲͲǰⲽƽ١ľη֪
λƺ׷͡ʿͨ׵
ƺᵽеɱʵ̤֮ȣѾ׼һʼԵԱʱĳһ֮⣬Ҳ̹Ȼ
ڵ£Ŀ⣬ѰѶԷֻϽ𼦴ˡ
Ϊӵ﷢԰ʵ˵֮ͨˣԵ֮ȣֻƾһ˫ӣҲܰѶԷ͸˾ţνмһ֣֪ûУ
Ǿ岻Ȼ˶Ѿһ֮ʱĳַʽλν֪֪սʤԤԤǡڼĳ֮ǰòΪԼԤԵȴԤɱ
ƺ׷ͻͨһԵУԴ˶ȲʤȯҹŶԷٵǿ֮ǰ˿ġ
£̴̵̫š
һеĳ֮ϣޱ顣ʣʼ޴ӿ⣬˵׻֪«ʲôҩ
Ĭռš
ɳɳҶͥǰɨԶҰȮͣһ಻飬ȻҲܹɾĶ֮ƣȷ֤ƵĹսʹвսĴˡ
׿Ц̧ͷߵĻͨһۣĴֻţɱ¡ϢĸоԷӦֱ̬ʹĹƵߣԼ
ͨ׵һܣֻȴᣬʵѸоڵɱԷĳ֣ܿüޡ
ͨһֱ⣬ȵԷֻϽг֣Լ˹ӵûĻᣬ΢΢ˣòƵȻȻˣȻûлʤİš
ס̫㿪˽ڣҺ⣬ҲĵʶȴܷŹ㣬ʵʰɣ
ֳڣʹײͨ书ˣҲܸо۾ıĿ
ͬʱһεֱֱر
ͨȴƽ֮ȣٵ̤һӻһΣָס
ٺ١üʶ
һĨЦԽ̫괽ߣб۽Ŀ⣬ע⵽˻ͨˡ
Ƿ˪ۿƺӸǶһЦ˵㡪챣
ͨĻ챣΢΢һ
˿ȫעδ֣ܷģȻ䳡滰ȴҲܲ
ҹϸͷ翴졣
ͨչģҲ㡣
̫ƺһϽ𼦡ӡ̫ꡭһ󴮵ĳƺϡ棬ԷȻһڵԼ֪ϣܲԾֻƾһ㣬Ͳò࿴ۡ
ܺá̫ԳҲƵЦף춷㣬һţҹһˡ
һ˵ţ̫ԭΰϵһֻ֣ʱ̧ϥͷ֮ϡ
ֻһƽͨĶͨҵ֮ʱ֮ٵ̤һȴǰһ
̫һ챣Ƿǽǿͷ⵵£ܵģˣһúӵķϣ顭
һ٣תǰף춷ȥ
ף춷ԹӦſһү롭
ͨĿעŴ̴̸ϵĽ̫֮꣬£˫ۺ£ȭ
ĳ˲ʶʱ񣬽ҹ֮£ֻǷǣηгȫ֮⣬ȥĳ˸м
ЪϵĽ̫꣬һЦ
ջƵģҲ֪ôˡ
ֻϸ֨֨һ̫һ˫֣֪ʱѾһ
ͨէ֮£ԾСǰѲǣԷ֣Լ
һ֮ˣѣͿοj𣬡һƬȻߣǿ磬ݵٵ˽̫굱ͷһգѾ̫ǰ
ⷬ䣬УҲֻ죬֮ϣֻУǿˡֻϮкƫƫȴȽ棬νȡˡ
ø̫꣬˹
ʵϣǰһԴѿ˶Է⣬֣Է֣ƲԷг֣ԼȻȻͬһͨ˿֣֮⡣
ͨһˣ壬Ȼ˶Էǰٲٻ̽ʳֱָԷһ˫ϼ˹ȥǽ˶ѣҽǰӣָһֱԷǰϰȥ
һƹƾˣ֣ͬʱǰ̫չ˹ȥ
̫һЦС
Ȼ䣬ֻһǸģɳвΪĺУָֻȴͬ
ֱָ죬ȴ㱸ڽһӡ㲻һˣȴ˼ȻεģʵҲֻе¶Ե߱˲ᡣ
̫ӡᣬͨˮ
ۿ֣кԷϣʹˣڻͨէȻ˶Էƣ಻һҲ˲óˣһۣӲջ˫֣󵹷ȥ
Ȼˣڽ̫۾ѱ¶ε㡣
óĸݽ̫Ļʵڲ֡
ͨˣ̫ȴǳ϶Ϯһһŭӥգ˾޴һ硪˷յ߽ųƵĹѲϨ
⧰
ֻǾһ
оէҡҷĹӰһƬĹӰɭɭɷˡ
ָȴѾʤǿ֮֡
ָ֮ĵƹ⣬ռ˫ֲһ˫ǿˡ̫˶ҲƵԭλϣһȥһأǰٶźۼ
ͨȴȻˡ
Ȼأֱֱͦͦһ磬ֻȴʧȥǰ̬ԭѺܻ˵ʱȥסһźƬ̼䣬Ѳ˴ŵĺ顣
áչġˡ
ֹˡ
̫껺ɼ϶˲룬һڲ裬Ϲһ˿м
챣ȥɣʱѾˡ
һ䣬ٿת׵ģˡ
һЩźͿˡ
ղһĻ۵üȴȻŪҲѹ˵ǳֶУܲǵϨôһѵ֮侹ȻѾֳʤ
Ҳûʱ룬̫껰һ䣬һֻѸջз˺ҲƵһХ
ȻͨȻѷдһ֣⼴ʹԼһҲȫ׻ڶԷת׵һѲ֪˽𼦴꼴ֵ⣬һҲԷ֡
һҲƵģͨϮǰǰӣֻƸȴ׼ߡ
һ£ӺƵֱ
ΣͨҲ˲˳ֵأһһͣʵǾȫǡǡڽֺ̫֮֮䡣
׵֮󣬻ͨӥؽͬʱ˳ȳȫ飬ľм׷ɼ䣬Ѷ⡣
̫Ҳû뵽Էôһ֣С˻ͨ΢΢һ϶ʱһƬŭݡ
ȻǾƲŹԷ˵ģҲŶԷˣܹӿԼơ
һƬƣȻϿj𣬽ѭŻơԺС
һ棬ף춷Ҳ˳һֱվűߣϽһ˹ֽһֻֻһ̽ҹֱ̽ŷԵԾĻͨ˹ȥ
һζ֣ڻͨϳԹͷף춷һֱΪܴ裬˷Է֮£ϽԵֵǰѳͣжԷ˫֮£Ҳй⡣
㲻㣬Σ֮⣬ף춷ֻּѾӴͨϵһɲǣȻ䣬һ磬֮ǿ䲻ݣȻƶף춷ȴࡣ
ף춷һҡͨͨͨһأδ׮վȡ
ǰӰƽɳƮƮȻһˡÿ
µӣұǰ죬ʹһСʽƽһֱֻף춷ֱߵ˹֮죬ʯ
ף춷ڽ̫µԷ֮ȻǰһڶԷİǰȻ䡱ǰƺֻܰ򣬶ܶǿֻ֣֮һ֮ѿˡ
ף춷Ȼ֮ǿΪƽӡҲֻԼ˲֮㹦ʱ˿̣תӲ
ۿһӿǿڼʹһӵǺȣΣڵϦˡ
ƫƫ
״һӰӣҫŹĴƬ˵һֻ֣Ȼһץף춷ϣһץһᣬ̴̡ƮУף춷Ǳ˦⡣
Ȼпɹۣף춷η漴ɿն䣬һһ䣬üޣӲ䣬һƬ𣬼ǰԷǸİ
ȻһеĶ
ƺδӴȴ˫˫ط˿
ֻ⧽ӼֵĴӥУ˫˫⣬ֻ۾ڸһӴ֮ʼԽضš
̫񣬴ǰİͣ£һģ
ȻˣҲС˶Էˡ
Գ۷档ͨ˵˲İֻڽ̫۾ȻӲúܣȻֻӲѣȴǾ죬ŶԷܳ׿Ȼ֣ȻѰ
ϵҶתţֵǲû硣
ƬҶתŵķɻȣ˿ذοնڽ̫һȻҲƵֱŶǸ˹ǰ䵽硣
˵Ȼ֮
ȻأҲ̫ͬǰػؾһ
ǴⷢԱġߡһʵ̺ڹڿɳɡ޼᲻ݣﵽĻ򣬿ʮٲ⣬ȡ̽ȡһΪ֪ڹ塣
̫һԷʩչ˹Ȼǿ׼˶Էķͬ
ȻжϲڶԷǸò˹ĵĶ˻ؾһǧƬҶۿȽϵһȻ;סŵβͷһԶʸҲƵطŶԷĽ̫ǰ䵽
̫ɭɭطһЦЦȻԱɭ
ǧҶһֳҲƵĶȻ̫䵽ֻڶԷ⴮Ц;裬ɢͥǰ
ͿǧƬҵصĿҶһͬʱɵƾͣ컨ȫŶԷӿȥ
ǡҶ䡢ҶҶȥҶأ֪
µȴȫע˶ԣǶ֪в³ܱܿ㽫һӢˮ֮ǡ
Уറ棬ǰδԹ۵˫ĿüˣƵ޵ľ̡
׹ǰɺͨף춷಻ȫֻ֪Ǻʵأȴһ֮ս
ͨͦȴʹ࣬һֱڷ֮УֻȴԸǰʾֳأ룬лᣬһ֮
׾ߡ
ֵܡҿ̫塭λ๫Īǹȡᡭǡ
ͨĬĬһͷһ˫۾գҲգעֳĴƬҶ
ֻôһĹǧҶ˱仯һŭתֱŽ̫ƹȥ
ֻǽ̫껷ǹʵڹǿиɻǧҶһʱסȴǲܹڲࡣ
ߺߡϽƵĿĶעţȻŭߺֻ֣ϧΪɽ𣬹һ񡭡ǰֻ㻹ҵĶ֣ǡ
ѩ𡣡
Լ֣ѩٿתһ࣬Ŀע֣ͨүһ½Ұɣ
һԾˡ
ͨȻһǫ̃̄һתү롪
Ǹ˼Ҫү뿪
ȼ˲ᣬȴ벻˿أ¿ɼ֣Щ⡣
⡭ܵ𣿡
үض˵ɣ
ӷǰһͨѱվͿӰһף춷
õģǻӡ
ڣһԶжڶ˫漲£ֱŶԷһ˫۾˹
ͨͷдһ֣Ȼأ˵˲ƴʱ̣гѰбȡ
ף춷һ˫зɿն䣬ȻֻͨϰһաλãȴûһЩۼף춷ȻʱʽѾˣ볷ﻹü
աķһ˫ذ˫˫ա
ף춷֮£Ѿһͨһ˫ƣɸ·ɶʩһʽƯġɱ֡飡һ˫˫ף춷֮䡣
ƽԻͨѾõ˫´һʯӣҲܻۣǴ˿Ͼ˹أ˵ȫһܴﵽЧ
Ȼף춷ҲǳܲŻͨ˫´ǰ߷һƺ֮䣬һѪʸҲƵ˳Ҳֱͦͦص˹ȥ
˫ֱͨһˣû뵽Էдһ֣һѪüͻȻȻ޴㣬һʱͷǡ
һЦšһƬӰǰŽ̫Ȼǰ
ջƵ㻹ûô
˵ţΣСࣣһ𣬷·һƬӰʯֱͨȥ
ǰƣǲ˼顣
̫ͨѩȴ̫꣬͵벶ȸںʵϹѩһ³֮ǰ߲ȡȶ˵Ĺսߡ
˫ǱУܷǾ˽⣬κһɱ֮ΣȻ̫ȴܼ漰ͨһƣ֮ܲˡ
ѩȫ̫꣬ƾ죬ǰһ鼱֮£עһĳ
һƴѰԽ̫֮Ҳ˿ģòתͷӭӡ
ȻˣȴҲ⳷ǰžžһ졣
һǻлͨ󣬵ڶͬʱס˹ѩһơ
ڻͨףǵһƱ״Ϊˡ
һҲƵģͬŻͨӣڶԷڷ˳ȥϸ׷һơ
̫üͷ΢΢һ壬Ծǰױһƣ죬ֻڴеǰѲٶ˼һǻŭ漴תڹѩͷϡ
ǳҪˣ
Ѿˡ
ҷѾ˵ˣ㲻ҵĵ̫֡ȻĶ¸ֻǺڰ
ȻˣȴҲӲѩһ˫۾
ѩһȻʹļˣۿˤһʱʹķΡ
ѳʧܣڴΣеʿͨԼСǹôһ룬ѪŭţƷԷһƴΪ߸
˶ԷĻһЦδ˰ɣ
˵ĵ
̫궸ȻΪ֮һ̶Цһ
Ѿ겻ã벻ݾȻȻˣݵĴǡ
ҷѾ˵ˡ
ѩ𣡡ҡҡͷǲʵֵ֣ģ֮
Ų㡣ѩ˫ֽǰȻ˻֮ǰ׼
һͷһˣǳˣðɣȻҲͲʧ
Цһ漴ֵҶУҲɴ֮࣬ڣʤ
ѩѾԹԷڹ֪Է뵽֮ǰµĳϺпҪסԼ֮⣬Լдв֮ףĪԼľͻɥڶԷ֮ϣ
ôһ룬ʱĵһƬ⡣
еǰȻ˿ڞţȹܿѱ鲼ȫۣһ׼֮ǵǹѷ
ӣÿһʱһ龰һ̫ͷһǴмҡ
ѹˡصԭϹߺߡҵҪжͣ
Ͻ˵ĵһֻ֣Ѿ֮̽⡣
ǺҹѩҲֻܿϵɫ죬ȻǺīȾȻھۣԳġֹǰס
˫Ѿھۣ˷ǳֲɵزƺֻһֵ
ȥ仰ȴ޻˵ʣµֻޱȵɱС 







 

  
ʮ¡ָɱȴ 

䣬Ҷڵƶɳɳ֮һʱ壬һȴоĶ֮ơͿԺǽ⴫һ
Զıҹȴ쳣̶ʱγɳֵĹͷͷһȣ˵˫
Ӱͬʱ֮䴩ֱ
Ȼˣȴи֣֮ѩƽϸߣԵͣ߼಻ߡ˫Ӿ㼲УζȴѽһСһ̫΢ȴ֮߱⣬ѿɫĳ£ס¹⣬˴磬Ǵеһ˫ӣѿٵط˿һһѵˮôһմ㣬ŵڶԾһˤˣһ
һļ˫է˵һɿ磬δѣѶȽϣֻէϵһȻо춯֮ƣ˫黨ƵһšתৣһٶȷֿŹѩһˣֱ֮ԷͷϮȥ֮죬糸ֻһ˹ͷ֮ϡ
һϥһ⴩Ȼˣȴûʩչɱ֡
һǾĶǡ
ѩʩһŲצԭͷкȥΪȿƣһ֡عꡱʩչգֻá꣡һŹѩָ̫ϳѱ˳һӡ
һץһЩչĿɾѱΪˣյ˼㡣
ѩԭΪһžЧȴû뵽ȻΪԷ˹ȥ
һУ֪ƲͿڿһۣ֣ʩչʵϵ֣ܹȫƾϢˣֻҲָ
һιѩĵ֣ʵ̫ȺֽƣټϹѩһУȫˣ룬ֻǼһ
̫ҲʩѵһֵĶ֡˫էȻֿ֣һֻչۼõָ棬ȿ׼أֱѩ˹ȥ
ÿǿУֲľϣִġһ˫
ѩвһݣűɡ
ƫƫڴһ̣һ󼲷硣
úãڷ֮дӵûЩʲôʲɾŪˡ
֮ȻϮ̫ʱò˳ƣǿջء
Ȼˣĳ֣ٻصһأڹС͸㡱ĸָ˹ѩвµġɣšһѨ
ѩֻ΢΢һ飬֪
Ҫһ㳣ˣֻµһѺǶãѩҲԲͬᲢۡ
ȻˣһҲе亹졣
֮ʣòȫδɢ֮ǰڿһʽӥִַʩչҾ֮һġϻơһа֮ơ
벻ԷԼָ֮أ˹ȷʵ˾첻á
һʮңȾڹѩ˵ãָʱһ磬ÿɣǷвŵһЩϸСɳ㣳顣
ǰȻϸʱȣѩһϻơͲòرܡ
ڼԸ֮£ˣৡ˿ɿ⡣
ѩһһԾûںڰ֮С
һԾѾȫݳɿ⣬ټϹ֮ƣʮɿ⡣
һƬղĵط
ѩһ£͵һ⣬žȫ߶ѣڞŹȻǿԴͨذѨϣ֮Уô쳣飬ǿѹй֮ơ
һ֪ƹȻһִһ֮ͤ¡
ȴһֻϸ֣Ϳ԰̽סѨ
ѩͷһϴϸŮӿ꣬Ҫ
֪˶Է޶⣬ѩҲͲٿ
һůԶԷֻ֡
ѩͷһůԭȵĺ⣬ʱȥһ룬ֻ֮Уδȴ
Σ֮ǰ֮һȴ̹ˡ
ڰԴλĽò
ѩƺѾ϶˭ˡ
лл㣬
˵һ䣬ĵر۾
λｿһû˵ʲô
ϮӣһʼǰʯӺ棬طŸߴϣԭ͹ڵģһڣҲԲ
ѩȻףеǰɲ˿⣬ϸС֮಻Ҵ
λϸһ˫۾ȫעţʱʵصվĽǶȡֻϸһֱŹѩӣйѩҲֻܸƶ
ȻⷬǺõġ
ţһǵ֮ҹհأƮһӰ
ֳ֮˹Ӱ
ڵýܿüģҲֻһ˫ֵ۾
ʱЪϵĿݻҶɳɳ졣
ѩԼǸͤĸ˭Ҳûг
۲һһԵȥˣȥ֮ǰʾıġޱ飬ȴڹѩĿ̵ӡ
ѩֺޣԴӳ⻹һ֣޿ɷϣԷ֮ҪʤһҹܽҲȫϵʱȣⷬѵõġ
ԭΪ֮Σ벻ٵͷҪ˼ҹΣԮ֣ʵǲ˼
ǣλ﹦֮ߣƺԼ¡
һֻƾԼֻ֤ʵûмڹ裬οˣѩа塣
лȣҺöˡ
ôƤصҿðɣ
ܵͣѩҲֻģ
˵ľ뵡оȫһ뵽°Σģʵھ
㸸Σһ뵽׺ܿΪھΣ̾һĻҲ˵ȥ
İɣҸ׺úõģһҲûСһص˼ңǿԼɣҿ㵹֮أ
⼸仰һѩУɲסһһԷ˵̫ͣߴеǰֻ˵˻δֱ档ʱŶȻԷ죬Ȼʮֶ죬Сǣһǿ϶
΢鲻ԽƫͷԷһۡ
ҹɫ䰵ȴӹѩ۲֮΢һ֮£ɲסͷһ𣬰á
ǰվλСǣԼظʷ绪ʹѩȻԷǽС˵λ
Ҳû뵽飬һЦԭ㣬
ԷŮ΢΢һЦصѵùǵҵأһΪ۶ֻһ
֣û˵۾һתһۡ
ﲻ˵ĵطȳȥ˵üͷ΢㱾²Ǵúôôӳ⸱ˣ
˵̲סЦһôܲߣ
ѩƽΪ벻˿ΪԷһȤһʵЩҲסԷ֮Ĩɷ಻ЦʣȻΪ˷
ʱڶУһǿص£Լߡ
һ˵վ
ƾȵص
һδϣѩֻϥһᣬһ鲻Խ
ֿ죬ס˹ѩһֻ첲ûˤϡ
ѽͱ˰ɣ㻹ʲôһñأȴһʶҲûУѵ㲻֪̫ġϻָô
ѩԭомɻôһ˵ֻͷһһʱңһ̾δһʡ
￴޿κεҡҡͷˣұɣ˵ֻϽҪһҸҲ࣬һ򲻹û취£ʮƣΪϲߣɣүҲͱüˡ
һ˵תĶȴЦŹѩԼҲֺӡ
ѩҡҡͷлһ⣬ֻǣҲھߡ
Ϊʲô
ﻺվɻؿѵ㻹ģҪƴ
ǵǡ
ѩ˸еҡҡͷҴзģֻҪҹѩһڣԲչĵóѡ
˵ˣȻЦѣȴѡɱķ﷽Ԯ֮ڷθչĲɵӣ˵һֻתأΪȫ֮ƣ뿪ĺá
￴޿κεصôһ˵ҵ̰ˣǺðɣ˭ԵءʵɣչǸģѾҵѨסˣͷǸջƵģĿǰҲû£Ѿˡһ£ܿԷˡ
һ˵ĿתŸ̬ʾʮĻ
ѩôһ˵ԷſģȴмԻ˫ֱͫԷעӲ
һĪǻôðɣҾȥһˣ㿴ǣҲͷˣܿɸˡ
ѩ΢΢һͷ
Ц̵ұ㡣
ѩ̾ﲻƼˮ꣬ɹ˼ȴǹĳ֮
ԭһЦôһ˵ƺ΢΢һ̶סˡ
һֳЦ
ʵ˵仰ذסˡڨڨصҪһܸ㡭ι㵹߲ѽ
ѩԭΪΪȻϵ˿̿Էδʧڤ磬Լһʣʧˣƺһʡ
һȣѩ۹ֻһ֮ˡ
һЦðɣҪǲУɵкһˤ˿ɲǺġ
ѩڱ˴˶Դ֮ʣѾۼϵԣǿڵһԿɰ쵽һҪǿ޵УԸڶԷǰʾ֮£һͦվ
һЦãġ
䣬ͼѩһСġ
æһף
˷Բغãֻǰñһɳɳ죬ӰƮǰһˡǽ̫
ڰдһʱ䣬ѩѾϰߺڰ԰ѶԷʮ
ƺΪѰѩţԼ¸ף춷Ϊ˵˶Ѩ֮ʶȻ뵽ܿиڳԽӷŭƫƫԷƺףš
ʱֻŭݣԲֻӣƵƵ´ţһƵƵЦѡ
չصģܲ˵ģ֪
ô˵ֻ۾أƵƵѲѣһŴˢˢ
ҡҷѡµգȴļµǰɭա
˫ͫǰš
ѩƣѽӽԼԶɰĴ䱸
ԴصĹ¸һ˿˵ﲻҪ£Ȼҵԡ֡ȡˡ
仰˵ΪҲһҲͻ⡣
һ̾ô˵ԼҲˡ
Ϊ֡Ź򣬹Ω򲻵֮ɱֹһʩչ˹ȻˣȴȫѪһըɣԷǵƴͷ򲻵֮£ǲ뵽ôʩչġ
ѩЦЦûôγԸôʩչֻ뵽˱ΪԷָˣԽ̫֮֮Ȼһţȴ䱾֮⣬ܽ⿪·һҲνһƴˡ
˶Դȫԡءͨ˼ʹߣҲ
ʣڹѩ֮ƣ봫ȥ԰꣬촽δȴֻǰӰ̫ǰ
ͻȻ˾㲻Ϊ֮һֻǶ˲֮Ϊ֡ȴǻۣǡǡһҡˢˢУһֻѻ
̫ƺѽٲǰżˣһˢһ䣬ֱ˹ȥ
һѷ꣬һѩߡ
־ѩҸһ
ѩƣҲʩȫһԾϵǡô̫˱ۣԲΪ䷢
ṦǳúãѩУ¸ϣ̫࣬һ𣬲֪ԷֻԼ֣ʮԼʲôֻ̬С
дһѩźȻλʮ㾪ˣʹԼδ֮ǰҲڲ֮䡣
ͻȻ֣ʹùѩԾģʵŪԷ·Ϊֵܾˣ𽭺ƾԼһʱ
Ȼǰʱȣ漰λҲİгŹѩһԺ
ԭһյƣֻõơ࣡һϨ
ͷҴҿһۣһ족ӵŹѩֻһתѽ뻨֮ڡ
ڵһյɴֵƣ⻪˸Ӱ涡
ѩԲ⣬Լ
ȴѲ³ղͷͬǸջƵľ˵һ䰵ҡ
ԭˡ
ѩţѸ䣬ȴֻһ԰кһ
һ߳ȭƴѩӱԼˡ
Լˡ棬Բŵһ˫۾ֻڷתţϸΣͷ߸ߵģ˵ǡȻǰķôһȣмƣѷᡣ
ٿغһתѩһۣ˼Ҫ˵֡
λҹСǡ
˵ƳС㾪һŷѩˡ
ôѩǿûлأɺã
С΢΢һͷ۾ᡣ
ءˣ
ѩԿЦ
ǻƴ˵͵ųӦ㣬벻
һ˵æǰȥصĹѩ𣬲ȴһָֻ˻ȥ
λֵİΣʱҸͲضˡ
ǹģɫҲġ
С΢΢һЦҲãλҿɡ
һУֻ֨ѽһһȰš
Сһ鲻ԽȥѩȥȴֹסЩСطﾹ棬СǾúܺЦɴѩ±߶մһ£ɵȥˡ
ȻСȴػŹνѷԼԩ˼ңΣյʱ˼ˣ˵ԼȴˣֻⷬҲֵԼΪмᡣ
ֻĴҴһƳСѷѩƷǱȵСǵ书֮ˣȻٲά裬֮أʵ֪
Źѩ롣
һ䣬󴫽һɭЦһųŵĿȻﻹлءڣһӰʸҲƵģֱǰͬǰƣĴɾ硣
СҲû뵽µͷأԡһ衱ľ֮£ֻ˹һֱ߳ӭƣӭͷʹ˹ȥ
ԷⷬʵڹǿСʩչȫ֮ӭͷлκν֮ԷԶ߸һ֮£Сֱֻмܣһģֱ浹˳ȥ
Ȼǽ̫ˣƺҲֻȹ
ǵˣǰ̬˫ͬʱݳʮָſӰ㣬ֱС˫ץ
СǷ·𿴼Է˫ƼһƬڣȻһʧֵĹ򣬴һ˫Ȼһϣá֡ƣֱԷϻȥ
Ȼ̫ĳ֣ȴӰ磬ʵȴֲǣݵСʽݳŻȻ˲
áһһɼ磬ŹӴֱͷ˹
Ҳͬʱ֮䣬Сֻñһ飬ɲסһ£ȴͷϿˡ
һ뵽ڵĸĸܺСǼһѭԺ룬ȴЩģӷһ룬ֻһһڵء
Ȼô֮ͶΪ֮ңرĽ̫ڳ˵Ǿ֮
ҵĳ治ǼΪݵһ˲Ϣ֮䣬ָֻƽ
СȻԷһӴĵѾˣʱָĸܺ߳һǰֻǲʹӷĸǰһһΣԵ
ȴͨһְֻס
Ҳˣ
˿̵Ļͨȥͨ죬գԲֻۣѲֹһεĴѪǰȻܱŲ¿ɼ֣Ҳ֡
С˻ֵ֣ͨǽᷭУѰһڳϡ
չģҡ
ֱ̫ͦͦŶʾ΢΢Цһʤ΢Ц
ΪһǿеĹѩΪָˣǰิˣͨ˵ǰȲʤȯѵõЩһãԼݵţ㲻Ըһѡ
֮࣬һ˫˸žӣԸӹ
״һ磬ײ
޽סŮһֻֻ֣ᣬӶôŮ䲻ҪǿĻȴһҲ˵ڣū󣬽ţѾϲľżϯض
ͨСһϷ򸾣ǰ߶ȻƵһ֣ǹʮְǿУοǻˡ
۹Ƚעǹѩƽĵ֣ȻԷΪԼָˣ϶ɲټ
ǣֳʣıֻһˡ
۹漴ڷϡ
Ҳע
ˡصŵµǸ˾ˣ
ĬĬصһͷʵϣҲֳΩһܱסʵһˡ
ҵˣ
ҡһͷ
մף
ҡҡͷ
ãһµġصұ㲻Ȼҵ£αֲͬǲϧɱһ˵ġ
һЦôҿɱңǵɱң䷿ÿһˣ㶼ɱˡ
̫΢΢һЦǸЦǡͯ޼ɡ
۹ϣͷ㻹ʲôҪ˵
ſۿһۣһ̾ҡҡͷֱˡ
صƽһһж٣
ĿһתһǾŸˣԾȣҲԾˣֻҪǮҪˣסǲ̫ʱȥǵġ
ͨɭɭһЦڵչģҼΪˣɥ㻹ʲô˵ģĪҲҪ¶ֲɣ
кһкȻһ𷽲ȷ׷һƣʱǾԶԼҲʹʱΣƼƷɹ˵ƽ֮˿ӦɥȪȻ˿̿ԷֻһЩƤ˶ѣ⵹һϡ֮£˲⡣
һȴгһЦͷҪǮҪֺڶɱϼأ
һ䣬ȻԵһƽأХһֱ׵ȥ
һΪʹɣرʩչһž˵һϰϷܲ𣬼ʹһʯҲϱػӦƶƣɷ顣
ھڹƳһ磬֮
ָʮ㣬һƷǵ׵УӹʹϷԼͨСǵһˣҲȫչ֮С
Сͨ˵书ǿ˿֮̾УŹ˳ƴ㲻ͷԾ
һĬϢʼûп˵ĹѩسüһȻڶ֮УǵȻʩչɱ֣һٶʱ಻ֳܱĬ
ʩչžʵ֮Уľ޽УųĹѩ𣬾һмҡ
޶żﾹȻҲм֮һ
ʵλڹһһ޲еעУԭǲ£ֱѩҪ˳֣Ųòͦ
һҲƵģٻӰȻݳһ˫֣ɽơһ˴
ԭռͲεȾ
ں¡¡һУıڽҡ
˫ȻӴ֮£һ𣬵ȴȲԭ˿
﹦ϾԲһȣӻһΣԼĪ˰벽ѩ׵ȻӿһƬ쳱漴ʧϱκμʹ۲졣
̫ʾżֱŵı飬һ˫۾ηɵضڷϡ
£ʩɲ壬жǣ㱨ɣˣ̡
˵ʱڳһ˫ȼݼ֤˵ڶγֵ׼Ƕȷƣϵһθ߹Ƿͦܵסɾʹʡ
ƫƫȴǺúĻ΢΢һͷѵ㾹Ȼ˼ֹ֮飬δҵֿɲ㣬ҴӦÿԲ³õ˵ô
һЦ֮ƣʹɣҲֻˣߣѰ֮һƱˡ
ڣݷ˵һ
һԵĹѩ𿴵ȻһΣ̣ǰۣһǲĲʵϹǴпɹۣƫƫԼ˿ȫΪԷϢ֣ٶѣܳˡ
ǰλСȻͷֻȴǹ֮ɱȣ硰㡱Լȴˡ
תѳӭȥԷһ㲻Ĳ𣬡žһȴÿ˶ķ顣
ֻʵûнӴмڳңֻĽӴ
ﳤһ˫üëһϣһη˺쳱һû˵
̫һЦá
ֻߴȻ֮һ־һֻƺͬīȾԳġֹ
ѩԲȴҲͲס֪Էִǽ޵УѽסԼӣ
ѩַһƣһáȥģȴҲͬСɡ
ѩһƷ֮ҲԱԭˣһ漴ȥ
һƷһ룬Ȼоǿ棬þս󣬸ԷӴһ֪һӡ
Ũüէֲ෭һֳƲ䣬վֱ
Ǵͷ֮ˣڹƷԵݳһ䣬ֻ˫һϣʮָⷭšۣʩ˼һС
է֮£ɫһӳ߿⡣
ﾹȻʵʵؽһơ
վã԰ףȴһ΢΢Ц
ֳһ仯ˡ
ѩԷһƣþԭסϢʱΪƼȷͬˡ
Сվĸ׵ߣȸзȴͬ飬ӿһܣ̲סͷ
˿̵עȫڷһϡ
޵ĸпŷﱧһȭԡָѩɽĴˣǿʧˡ
΢΢һͷصΪӦÿġ
Ŀ⣬ڸ˵һת޺޵ԭ޸ɣֺαء
üڵֺαضԡ
Ũüէչɱ֣һЦĳƽԳؼɲܾʹ˻˹أȥֻȴҪ
̫ˡҡҡͷɱҡ
һЦԭûйϵ
΢΢һЦȴ䣬һҪϾɱ͵ðҲ档
һɫصŲ뽭ʮ֮ãĳ֣ܲɡ
صô˵ȻĴɻˣ
΢΢һЦ漴ִ̽ڣһɫĳ𣬻һΣ
ʶ
ɫһͷˣﾹǽõĴˣʧ֮
һջ˽ܸ˰ɣĪӣҲô
̫һֻ̾˼Ȼվðɣϻȣ֮ĳҹ֮Ƿ㳶ƽ´ټȴۣĳȥˡ
һ٣Żһϣ漴٣֮ವģֻʣ硣
һȡһ˼һ
һϷ򸾲ƴγѣͷʹ
Сʮ㲵ϣطԸˣ졭ȥ
Լж˵仰һ䣬˶㣬ذΡ
ǻͨأͦɣע⵽˹ѩֻǷŴеǰܷʱ״˹ѩǰֲסһֻ첲㣿
ѹѩϷȴһֹֻĶ
һֻʮϸ֡
㲻֪ǷǽҰɣ
ͨŷԷǰ
ǣͨһƫ͡
һֳֻѩϣתһԣذڳ֮ϡ
ݺ
΢΢һ֣˼ǽҪ˵ͷһʱסڲԣ˿ҼˣλڶĶˣǻмȴ֪˭߲źãҡͷһ̾һԡ
ȴһ˿үɣСˡ
׳һע⵽ԼŮƲᣬ۾һͷ㷢ҷ棬Ȼѻ˹ȥ
һң˶ֽš
һֻΪѩ״ü򭣬ǲҪţ˵ģء
Ϸģ֮£ȫֹסҵ۾λȥ
һ̾˵֮£֮ԣ¹ϣ飬һ֣쵶ն顣޲ɾ䣬˳£벻ǰ㰭İ֣Ȳܺһ䣬ֻһһͣˮģմΪ˴ȴκΣ
һٸ⣬Ͽɲܲʡ
Ȼģѩſ˫Ӵֻ۾֮£Ÿм
ԭŵüͷΪ֮չˣ΢΢ֳһЩЦ⡣
ˣ
ѩ΢΢һͷƤᶯһ£˵лл֡
ͱˡ
ӵ˶עȴֻעŹѩһˡ
ҿɾͷˡͷǰأŵĴֻǵüȻڹտҪǲһˣֻ¾Ѳˡ
һ˵̽¹Ƥңȡһ̹ʮ־Өɰıϻϻǣɫ΢죬ȡһҩ
ǽ𵤣ȥԱסɢҲܵ
ѩл΢΢һͷֻؽҧƺ춼Ϊ
ϧҡһͷָ¶΢һݣ˽ǱԲ𵤷Ž
֪ܿЧˡ΢΢һЦҷһܣԭ࡭
ԭ˵š֣Ȼоѩֹ֮⣬ʱֹסû˵ĿһתƻȻԭôˣô˫۾עԼľٶ
ˣۼŮֳƺֻλһ˿ԾƫƫԷֻƹĹѩһˣԼŮУ֮ǾɥҲ֪
ءŶһƺȻȴվȴѩ촽䶯л˵
ʲôҪô
ѩԷ¶Է𵤣ֻƬ֮䣬ȴãһů
лܹ֮˵ˡ
ĿһתһԵĻͨɨ˯Сǣϣȴֹ
ˡһͷҪҲǣ
ѩͷ顣
Цһµðɣ
Ŀһת˯ѵСǣƲȥ
ݺصùȾɣˡ
ϸСϿ˿ԭ˵ôء
漴֣һСȫʮѨϸٿȴǺ޶
ü΢򭣬ҿڳ֮һ۵֮УһͨѨ֮
һô
ͨԭһĬ֮£վӾʹ
һۣͷǻô
ͨȭӦң»ͨ
ĹȷȻʵѵáﺬЦ˵ԭΪأʱжأ
ͨЦһ£̤ǰ
￴һۣŷϳʪǰشһƬѪգ΢΢һ㡭Ȼƺأ
ͨһЦ£һʱޣǺ˼ڷѪѣ²˳٣ȾҼСҪ
￴üͷ΢壬Щ֣ҽͨԣǺ¼ڷѪ֮˵޴󰭣ֻԪεҩЩʱնȬοɾͲ
Ȼɻ󣬵ǻͨ˼ԳУ㲻ɡ
ͨվһԣٴζԸɣ
ͷҹΪ̫궾ˣڹĺãδɢҪɢǻ٢Ҳûа취л˵ڳ֣þתסĵȴҪƣѨһһȫѨڣȫѨ·ȫͨǺܷģֻӳܲסȴҪ룬ǿԼԼ
ͨȻһЦģϰʮꡮ֮˹Ĵ¡
΢΢صһͷͺѵˣЩԨԴˡ
˵Զ֣Ǵ궯ֻ֣⹦ﵽһŽȵģСǡѨϣ΢΢һ¡
ͨʱ˫ȿ翪վƵƵ
ԭ׾֮£벻㲻ףŰܣʱ֮Ǵ졣
żһ̧ۣ״ôˡ
ͨԽһ˽ϣʧЦˡкɡ
ÿͨж죬ԽԷֻǰѲ졣
һЦĿֱͨϣǺοࣿ
ͨȽӣһʱ߹ȫνϣݲֻǵȣ˫Ŀ
롣
һ仰˵ֱ巢֮ơ
״̾һһˡסɣѨ
ͨӦһƴݵֻƣѽӴ֮һȻֹס΢һ£뵽вϸڡҲͲٳɣ漴ϣƽ
ԭΪƲᣬЩãģȴû뵽Է˳棬Լ֮һϣʱһͨ·
ܺã
ǽӶرһѨƣͨȻʹƵһʮƺۼСǲ԰׵ϽѪɫȻ֮
ŵͷˣѹˣҲԴЪЪˡ
ͨסƣһʱӿѣƺ˵ѣһϻд࣬꣬ȴ÷ǰ˿ľ̬һһϷ򸾰ŮУۼŮο֮ԱֻܰңȻδע⵽˵Ļͨ
ǻͨȻһӣֻĬĬһ磬³ƵƵԲʹ̲࣬ȴһ
ϸһСǵ΢ƳԾʱС˫ۡ
ۼĸΧıߣһܣ
˰ŮУ״һУ׺Ȱֹסġ
ϸһСǵ۾΢΢ҡͷ
׹ĵ˵ʹСŮơ
ŮжһźصĶ£Ͻ𼦱֮⣬Ҳֻжܹ⣬֮⣬Ҹġ𵤡಻ֻһĹЧȴܿɹˡ
ױȭꡣ
ͷЩһʱҲ˵壬ǰȻȱס»Ҫ»һѴһ˵ţָ֮̽УȡǰıҩУ򿪺иǣ֮ʾҶϡ
Ϸע⿴ʱżҩиǿյģнʣһ֮ҩЦһµΪѵĵطˣֻɽʱû⵽ˣ·һλִǰҪȥھȻӦá
˵ʱȡҩ֣ɫɵصҩֻһţ£㲻ܸλ֣˻֣Ҳ֮ΣôǺã
ϷôһɵۣǰŮУֻ¹ػֻ֮ͨΪŮͨڲˣ׾ܻ˽ģ嵱ǰҲƫִһˡ
һ˫Ŀʮעع۲ףҪξϡ
ãһ̾ͷʿҶɽȪҲѱһСŮˣ벻سɣ콫𵤣Ϊ°ɣ
δЪ̲סԷƵƵүүĿŮô
׶סڣͲҪˡ
էһתŷͨǰֻŷһ
·Ѿ˵ֻЩѡж̫гٻ֮ΣȻԽҼҹΪءǧǧ򡭡һ˵һƵƵ򹪿ѡ
һ̾ȻҲô˵Ҳ޻˵ˣðɡ
תС΢΢ͷҩ㣬ȴλȣԺȴأ
漴𵤣ЧǰѩһˣΣ㱣סˡ
С䲻˵ȴףһ˫Ĵ۾ֻڷһĻͨתţǧлڲ֮УУ˳¡
ͨһԣۿСǰһ¸У˿Ҫǿ֮ĩһƴҲѵ˾ͷ˿һɣӣǵƸ;ﻹǿ֧֣һᣬֱֱȥ
ֻעСǷҩ֮ı仯ûע
һȴƺֻ첻ԵСУȻΪ֮һ۾ʾżȵľȡ
˲оͨ졣
ʵϻͨӣûˤϣȴһֻ֣֮ǰѾסӡ
ڹѩôٵĸԭҾ죬ҿļʱ֣ס˻ֱֱͨµӡ
ȻܱʹøΪֹۡ
һôˣ
ѩȻжѾ¯ࡢǷ켫ڹףҪ̸ĸԪԶ
֡ˡ
һδƽһ
ڱܾŵҸ˵֮ܳܣѵ˼ޡ
סһȥ׽ס˻ͨһֻ֡
һֻ֡
һľ׼Ҫ˹ȥ۰Ͱ͵ؿŹѩôˣ
ѩɫȻҡҡͷذѻͨӣ˳ϣת
ͼݡ
ĬĬصͷǰһ֣ס˻ͨ
ʵƾĹ۲ֻڻͨɨһۣ֪š
̫ˡ
ɿס֣ͨҡҡͷһ˫۾ѩ𣬿ЦЦ
ɢ㿪Ϊˡ
֮£޲ɫȻף̲ס
ѩ̾һʿΪ֪λȷˡ
˵ʱֻϻͨӣһ΢Ĳһ˫ԭŨüȻһ֣ٿ˫ۣȴһ˫ǷƵ۾ף촽䶯һ£δ
ѩɫȻصлҪ˵
һԸʹֵܡҺ㡭ĶˣҶԲס㡣סͨһֻ֣£޲ݡ
һҲΪ֮ᣬͷҧһȴ۾ˮӲ˻ȥǸصطָѩɽﳤѼ£Ǳѩټ׳е̣书ĥƫԣΪŮȴ˸Ҫǿʤǲġ
ŻͨصлҪ˵Ҿһ֮ɡ
һֻ֣Ѿ˻ͨǻ֮ϡ
Ǵ˵ҲƵģͨһԴںһ˿ЦҲƵϡ
ŷ΢΢ͷʾԵĸмŰѳ͵Ŀ⣬תס
м£Ҫߴү
ֵܡɱôƺҡˡݺᣬɳƵصʲô˵ֻ˵ɡϸܻر乷ҲΪֵ쵽ơ֡ܡ
ĩֳڣ״鴤ѣһ͸࣬Ȼ˵˼㡣
үġͨګګ´ԭʹб֮ġм£ү֪оĴƻµȸ
ײΪ֮һ㶣ʮǰ£һһȴЩ䲻壬ֻ㶵ؿԷ
үĪˡͨ̾һؽŵȸ֮ﵱնԵȸӦãΩү飬ȸ֣֮֮һ꣬귽䣬֮У游߻ģᣬȸУʱү֮Ҫ¿̿̽ǣȸȥ֮¿似ԭȲôүټҪ죬ֱȥ֪꣬̽үԭ硭ŴǧǰͶ첻ˡܡݡ
˵ֹֻƵƵһ˫ŭ͹顣
һæ԰ѸڶԷϵֻջأȴֹƣͨһͦһѪֱ
ͣѪߣȻֱڶ֮ϣŭѪĽһƬѪꡣ
˴Ŀģ޲Ȼ
ͨѪһνƿ;˫һ죬ȥˡ
ȴֻһҲȥ
ֿ죬ٸһǺһѹ
Įԣۼһ֮಻Ϊ֮ݣ̾Ϣһת⡣
ѩŷԸǰˣСǡϷ򸾲Ϣ
ȥ֮ͨʬ֮ǰעĿƬ̣ͻмף뵽Լסؼ̽ȥһģ֮£ǿС
ʵҲ⣬似ڹĻͨĴףʹǽ̫ˣҲ±Ϊ֮书ָףȴй֮󣬲޴󰭣Щϣ
˿𰸱ƺֻһ;ǣѩн谮֮ͨģף˽룬ͨУȴֽתףһ˵صԱȫ˻ͨȴɥǹѩʼϲˡ
ڻͨǰ뵽˴֮ңһӣб⣬ʵʣ飬˱ˡ
ѩôţ֮̿У漴ų£֮ڻ֮ͨϡ
ڵɱ״һΪǰ˹˲Ϣ𣬱ϣӶʲôȴǰƮ첻ű߼ʣѩҵӹһѣ뵽˳ƺеǰҸ棬ȻмǷļʱȣԼǰֻҲ˹ˣӶλ޸м֮⡣
һ뵽ʹԷĲǰ
ѩתңҵĹŻ̶һյƣū
˫էŵǲǹôλأ
ԭԭСһۼ̫һʱĵ㺮ң͵ڲºأһʧģѩҡҡͷҲүϸֵĺȥɡ
˻̲֮ͨסһϵᣬƵƵͷ
ʦİɡҼүнͲˡ
˵Ź֣漴ͬҴҸҡ 







 

  
ʮ¡ʿ 

£
ƬͩҶɸɿ˵֦Ѿϵ£ڵƶš
¹кռźĵʬ壬żҹŨصѪϢ
ҵֻϻƹʬ֮䣬ʱĺʮġɥȮģ󱯲ң׬ᡣѩ̤һܣһ˹Ѫһƣ̫ʱȥˣһΣ˭ҲԤϣʱ˿̣Ҫ˵ǿн̫ٶȳ֣κһڵĳ˻٣Ҳֻ³ܲס
﷼޼Է벻Сˣһǰ˴˿̵Ե֣λļʱ֣˵ѩԼ£Աȫ
ѩƽ׳ʢ飬ǵˮ֮Ҳ⣬֮壬ν˵ˮ֮ӿȪǾͼţΪ£Թǰ֮ʵ˵ѩ˽֪ԡָѩɽ֮⣬ȫ֪͹ˡ
ʹԭλŻָѩɽйأȻδܽһ֮ǰжϣֻǽ϶صɡָѩɽ˵ʵ̫ˡ
˵мΪµɣǷִһµ񣬹ѩʱö֪ȻǷ˷ľ֮ȴʹڽִһ棬Ƿ޿ܡԣڷһУò۲죬˼ά΢ġ
һѩ﷽뵽˷ӰӣȻǰ
һ磬ƮŷٻӰڶԺǽҴһ֣֮䣬ͥܯǰ֮飬ȷʵ磬ʹѩδ֮ǰҲþʤ
Ѿһѣȹ϶
ԭƾ㵵ؿѵѾȫ𣿡
ѩҡҡͷǲܵġҲֻ֪ʱҲĪҺΡ
ʮ־ȵ۾ƺЩţ΢΢һЦҼŵĳˡ
ѩһ£ǽȥһ˵תв롣
䷿ǵջͨסѩرѡסƺжλɷѣһݳĬİ׷˼ſһƬ¹⡣
ѩ˻ӣˣȴɷϮһɾ磬ѻϨ
ϲϵЦ˵㲻ԣǾô̸̸ô
ѩͷҲãȻˣҲѵá
ΪʲôûУһ˭ϰܷˣңŲţ
£ֻҪҪȥ£ٰ첻ġ
ѩͷ׳־ɼΣҲϣ㷲⡣
ҸղȥãҪֻϽ
ѩΪ
˵Ľƻݶ֪ġ
ѩ΢΢ر۾漴ſȷʮֽƻҲ룬ô׷ŹҡȻҡ
Ϊʲô
ѩ´һʼ͸ġһֱֹҪǮɲϻ硢Ҳ֡
ͷΪأ
ѩЦٻأȻų׸Ǯ࣬ڵطϵԶĲƸöࡣûгֻǾעš
ѩؽȥƽһ룬Ŀ˵òֻµ£óĿ˲֪࣬䲻ܶǿΪ֮չǱģ
΢΢Цɫˡ
˵úеôΪǡ
ѩ̾һǰ˼һ⣬Ըܽ⿪ͺˡ
һЦСһ֮ʱ֪һͷˣ㲻¸ߣִȫţȷѵá
ѩڰͷ佱ˣޥ硣
ң
ܹһĵҳɣȷҾĪ
ԭ˵գһ´۾ֻҡ䲻ͬţǲǣѩ𲻵ò۶ԷĹ۲񣬼ʶˡ
ʵȷˣҼҴڡѪ֮Ѫȫ΢ڡתĵ⵽⵽ԡ
ȻҼҴľ֪֮ʣ֪֮죬಻ܶ䵱ȻǰλﾹȻдʶʵ̫򵥣ѩ̲ԷȻǷִԼʱ̽ġ
Ȼﱾ֮Ծ˵ˡ
ô˵ﾲעѵ˵Ĳԣ
ѩҡҡͷ˵ȷʵԣֻ룬д˼ʶȻмΪտڹ˵־ָ֮ơļϹˣ˾۷
һЦôһ˵Ҳ֪ˣҳָ֮ƣҵҪ㻹֪Щʲô
ѩһָ֪ѩɽɽ߻ѩʢĲڣﳤ겻գ
һüģ
ѩȻģȥǣ֪֮أȴǴвͬΪѩˡ
һЦЩǵ;˵
ѩһҡҡͷһûңܹһѩɽʢҹȥֻ½ҹҲڴ̸ЦԴˡ
ʾԵЦ⣬һ˫۾֯Ŀȴӵġ
Ϊʲôأ
˵ʱʮָУĿתΪºͣתʮָͷʹҹɫеļʮָԾʮջԡ
ڹȥ֪˫۾Ϊ˫ջָ鲻԰ΣȻ³ȴ
ֻѵҲ⡣
Ů˵˵ӡƬģһ˫۾һŲʮС졢׶ݡϸڶ᳤㷢һ˫ֻ֣Ҫ֮һһǿҵĸܣܴﵽʿЧ
ŮˣֻҪչʾʵرϼһС֣ʹͺʿԸʰݵʯȹ£ǲѡ
ѩصô˵֪ˡΪʾֵĽ֮һ˵˾κһùŶʵˣѩɽҵļ䲻Ϊٵ֪ÿָͣѩɽԩ
һ˫ˮ˫ͫأû뿪ǰʮָرһĨƫյ¹⣬ƫеСָϣ˫ʶȡ޳ָƣ˼λõأǰ۶ˡ
֣ѩ̲ס˫ֲڹϣҪǻһŮ˵ϣҲв㡣
ڰעָ۹⣬Ƶ˹ѩϡ
Ҳ仰ҹģŮһϲ˿ޣرЩĿУΪзˡ
ϵЦ⣬Ѵѯʡ
ѩƺʱúܻ˵ֺŮˡ
ĵãҶ֮ѩ˵رһŮˣȫһһκ覴ôڣȱһΪ㡣
ллﱨһЦȻ˳۶ˣҺܻ˵ˣֻǡҵһ˫֣йϵô
ҽȥҪ˵ˡ

˵ʱӿ㷢һߣһֻ΢΢ʶһ£ޡ
һֱǡ˪Ȼޣѩк÷˵ĸܣΪӾͬˡ
ѩǡΪ顱ֵ侲ʾķḻں
ǰޱ˵˶ҹأرǶԷԼĶ鲢أȻΪִǳ֮Ϊ
ղ˵˹һ˫֣һŮ˵ϣв㡣
ѩ΢΢һЦӵΪšá书кܶϸС̲֮ʮָ֮䣬һŮˣϰ޴֪ȻʹΪʧɫ
һתذһۡ
ԭˣǳǳЦЦ΢΢ţ֪Ŀ治١
䣬ֻ˿һһƼϸļɹ
űùѩͷϿգ֨һأһϸСֱֱص׹䡣
ѩ𼸺鶼һۣжϳһֻ
˵Ĳɣ˵һ֡֯ǡַ񽭺ܳҡ
˵һֵСҵҪֻصûУ
ѩҡҡͷŻûС

ѩ̾һԭϹӣֺαȡһ˫ӣŰ˵ĺãͳȫɣ
Ĭһ£ͷðɣ
ָһ˿ϸƿ𣬵֨һֻССˡ
ѩһ򲻼ɱô
ֻ飬ȥòáµ飬˵ǣÿһ¶ڵɣǻһ˵ҲɾԳˡ
ͣһ£ֽȥҲһģͬһ˵Ŀ㲻һȻһĿֲһʼǣҲǷǡ
ԡΪԼĸ߼һעţǻŵڻŵʱ򣬱Ҫ˶ΪΪأ
ѩ΢΢һЦʱֹס⡣
ﻺλվҲǵƵʱˣҿ˰ɡ
ѩлϵĻӣӭһΣȴһˣͽ˵ơ
Ȼǰ
ֻ۾£΢ƳԾ
öˣԪô졣
ѩ˵ȫǹҩ֮ͣƺʱ޷ˡ
ֻ֣ѩȻرסš
ѩһۣû˵
ֻϸֻ֣ڹѩͣ˼̵һ漴뿪
Ȼˡ𵤹ȻЧȻ㱾˵ҿѴɷģĹȻȫָҲѾָ˰˳ϡ
ѩͷЩδȫ඾ȻϣһԻᷢ
뵽鲻ԽشһЩǡ
Ҫϵ඾Ҳȫ޿ܣ£мܹ㡣
ѵ㲻֮һ
ѩעȴܿ۾
ΪʲôΪܣ
ҵȻôΪѩ٩٩صָѩɽȻη壬ǷĳȻҽҲϺ
˵òǷңֻѧ˼һĹҲһ뻹ֻɶѡ
ѩ̾һô˵ӣҲֻվһ
ᵽı졣
ҿλҪ΢Цһ£ӵһĹΪأ
ܹΪĹһˡ
ߣ㻹ûлشҵĻأ
ΪĿȷ
Ǿȷˡ
ѩȻйĺ⡣
漴΢Ц˻ش
һǲӦش⣬ǵһŮǰһλŮ˵޴֮¡
ʵҲҵ£ֻ֪ĵλǲǺҪ
ѩһ
ʵ˵ȷû뵽ԷԼʳ⣬ȷЩ֮⣬һʱ֪ô
ͣһͣصҹǳʶңҲκһŮӰӣرЩŮˡ
һЦ仰ҵҪúüðɣʱ˵Щղ˵Ϊƶ˵£ᵽҰְַ
ѩһȭԭˣʧʧ
ɣüëҾ֪˼ҵͷ̫죬һֱ˵ڻ̲ס˵ˡ
ѩ£˵벻˵ˣĴ޲η֣ĪֺĹ಻òˡ
ע⵽ôʣáηáη塯ʹʡ
ΪֺȻס˻ͷֱ̧ӹȥ
˵ȥƽӣղ˵Ҹ׵ֺ
ѩһЦֹֺҿΪ
һüëȻ޷
ѩһ̾ҲôʵЩҲֻŶѡ
Ȼ²ƹ޳ΪǣδزܽΪǣִţҲͲٶ˵ȥˡ
ȻһЦĿɼҸ׺޶֮ȴҪ㣬ҪŮȵģһ㣬ܷܲϰɣ
ѩЦһ£ȷԶԡ
һһ˫۾עĴţδȫ棬ҲδȫǼٵġ޷粻ˣ³Ҹ׵ΪΣҪ˵㣬ŮҲȫȻʵ˵˼ˣңֻҲ۵һأ
ѩֻעԼ˵һ㡣
ҾҲСӦǺˣϵЦ̣ȻתʮȻʵأֲֻȻ
Ļˡ
Ӧüסϣ۾ｻ֯ż㲻뱻ɱֻɱˡҪݣҪղ˵
ѩô˵͸Ϊһഫˡ
˵һĵ£һ˫۾ﾹȻʧȥǰĹʡǰɵô书ôĸߣƫƫǸ˵пµɣĺȻ֣ȻżȻΪʲô
ԡָѩɽصŻУûʹɳҪɵأλﵱִһµˡ
ʲô
Ļһ֧
ѩҡҡͷ䡣
о仰Ҫ
ΪʲôҪң
΢΢һ㵣̶ҡҡͷ֪Ų㣬Ĳ֪
װתԻͨϵġıסֽ˹ѩ˵мĵĻϣѩס
ȻѩǲµģֻȴҲûеܾ
ֻӦˣ˵졣
һ죬صرһϯƲˣںԺרΪѩл
ѱļϣҲͬʱ뵽ֻǷԴҹʼվû
׿ǻ飬ȳȴ޴ӱ޲ꡣɡƺ׷ͨ͡ĹڣѾ깤װ޵ʮɡȫңͬŹѩڣϼ룬˻
Ĺ޵úܿһɫʯףʯϵš챣֮ĹԴȫ
ѩһƾǰ˴СǷһԹشлࡣ
Դҹ֮󣬹ѩң㲻Сǲڻ԰棬ҲֻԶԶĻһۣкѡ
ǵμ棬ŷλݶˣ͸˫͵Ĵ۾ѩĹѽλָܿɹ
ػؿ֮С˫һȲشò衣
ﲻؿ
ӹ˵Ĳ裬ѩǰСǣ￴ɫ֪Σ
СǵʦѪ֮ѾЩЧֻ඾δ֪翴Ȭˡ
ѩҡҡͷҲò˶٣ֻʣ¶ʣõ֮Ѩڣÿ˹һأŲ¸ֻʱˣǲᷢҲֻδз֮ǰѰҽ֮֮ߡ
СǵͷһҿȣҪ𵤡ڣֻ£ǲ롣
ѩ뽫︸ŮΪ˵ֻΪ˺ΣԼо֮ߣָס
ʱүȴһԵһй๫ĸһȥˡϣʹ̫ƽˣҲүһ
Ļͨ޲ĸȻ
ѩת׵Ұ̽죬Ͻ䡣ճԣ˭ҲסһΡΪȫƣΪӦǨĴΪѡ꣬ﺵٻҲ١
׵ͷ˵Ҳǣԭգû뵽꣬Ȼ֮¡Ҵһ⣬ר봨ͽСȵˣǾŶһԶŰɡ
Ȱ˶ٻأɷתģ벻ʹɷת⣬֮²˵
ѩСȻ˻²ãԵҲѣس֪ϣҲܵõطϵ֧֣ķҲʢ۹ȥܿΪ˻£Ҳɴзչ
ǾҪѩߣһԷжң߹ѩߣƷòһѵŮкøУδ֮ϷһѴ⣬⽫ŮԷپƷʵҲ⣬ʱ֣֮ԲóȻڣ⼸仰֮̽ġ
Ϊѩ𲻷Թͬ봨Ҳ˳£ളɹһ롣
ƫƫԸΥѩȻû˼
Ͳҵˡѩҡҡͷ»δ֮£ֻ²ܻͲ봨Сǹѽѧ书һҲ˺˼Ҵɰġ
ֻΪ̴¹֮󣬶Էоܾʱ֮£΢΢һ㵣һʱ֪ô
죬ګګصѾˣҿ㻹ǡ
ѩͷ´һߣλ˼ˡ
⡭ô죿
˵仰Ϸ򸾶Կһۣɶסˡ
ҡҡͷٵصʦɲߡѽ
һԵүҲǻѽɣسǸǸõطǱߣʲôã˵Ǵүн֮ġ
ллүĹաѩλվһȭһжˣٷʵ£˸־Ͳٶˡ
һ죬˵ֻһԵСǽεεؽһ塱Ͳٿ
Ȼ˽Ϸ򸾵һ⣬ҲΪϲ£СУ벻ôһ£˼Ҹ˵߾ߣͷһջϲүӾɥɾͱˡ
ѩ뿪ҵʱ첻΢΢ôһ⡣
ڶû˵ȴҲܴȥ⡣ǻûģҹж֮⣬ٴѩ𣬿ҳο֮⡣һιѩ㲻ٿɴͻؾˡ
̲סʾ⽫СУԷ֪װͿ֮һҲûϣүʵסˣò뿪
ҹ׵õ˻Ȼζڶһסȴܲصر˻ƽףһԤѩ֮ʱȴû뵽һԸȻ˿ա
ѩû𣬶þ֮硣
ǷеһƬҶ
ѩƮԺǽ֮⣬ĹƺѾȫָ
΢΢ֳһЩǰɫŹ̾Եĺ⡣
ϵĴ£峺ʱ˿̣ǡé£˼˪
ǰ⾰ֻΪ󺵣¶մڴ˱ƽԭҲٲһЩ˪١
ƹǰ֣һ̤ʯţѩ𶸵ͣס˼еӡ
Ī磬ˡϺˡ
֪·
һ˵ʱСǻػعѩ׵Ѫɫһֺôǰءݶˡ
ԭ㣬硣
˵ʱѩȭҾһҾ
Сһ˫۾תţ͸
ҹһû˯ͷҼˣ뵽Ҫߣ㣬һС·ߣȻ
΢΢һЦЦ
̫ˣҪӡ
ңܺá
סҪһѪ򣬲ɼϡ
ҼסСǰ˼Цһ£ֻʲôãϣ˵һ췢ˣһ˰ˣҲ͡ˡ
ΪʲôҪô˵ѩֻҪһһ죬ˡ
ģСЦЦ仰ҵǷˣ
˵仰ǺȻįشͷһֻż⣬ĵڵϻš
һ̧ͷѩ֪ס㡭ǵˣ뷨ܾɡ㲻ǰɣ
ȻѩһЦֻҪҾǺõˡ
ô㣿С˵м㣿
ﲻҪô˵
˵ġ
СʯƫϣһֱǼ
ʲô
ǡҡҡͷȻӿֺ쳱Ҳ֪һľˡ
֪ˡ
֪
С㯵ؿϹֲڵġ
ѩǰһ󷽵һʯԷʶҲˣҲ棬ȴûлú̸ҪˣѵöԷ˸磬ΪԼУⷬʢ飬ԡ
˵Ӧ֪ǣ־ڴˡ
΢΢һЦзһ˫⻪˸ӣ򼴽졭ԶĴƽԭǰɺ˵ĺӴ漴תóءһʱĺܺڣ֪ûô
ʲô
˵һֱûϰ䣬ֻ飬ҲҪùöࡣ
˵Ӻܲù
㲻ҪˡѩһЦҲȱǮ
Ϊʲô
Ϊ˵Ϊ塣
壿
Сǵͷ˶Է˼
ѩûϰ䣬ûֱӽ£Ҳˡ֣ȴǵ岻죬вš˫ʧϣҲͰˡڶĿȴιȺС˵ˣǡ飬пݣ۵׷⣬ӢС
Сǵͷ΢΢ЦʶˡȻһػ־˲ҵûп㡣
ѩЦЦˣ졣˷ɽĸԴΣԼҲΪܲˡ˭֪ߺߡһӣЩҪҵ磬ʵزһء
ҲáСǵֻãĶƣҪȻ˵ʤ
ѩص棬ֹ죬ʹûΪУٴҲֺáӦ֪ϰĳһ书Դ˵Ŀáһ죬ǶԵʱȻûʩչ֤ȷǴлģһµĵˡ
Сǵ˵ľУ
ѩΪˣŸ˷ʤһҪҪؼע⡣룬ǰڷĽ룬òŸ˳ˮ顣лȻ顣
֪СǵͷһֱҲȰĸܰѼҰᵽĴǱȥ
ܺáѩﱣأˡ
Сصǡȥ
ѩվʵ˵Ҳ֪˵
С΢΢ֳʧ
ѩʯͷµĳƺԨԴңŻ֪ҵ١
Сǵͷʾסѩֵйعж֮£ΪȥϺСĴԿգڷУȴ֪Ҳָһ·Ҳδ֪
СЦðɣ֪ˡ
ѩûʲôգˡ
Сǿ΢˸еҡһͷһȺӰǡɴ˿򵱿գǽˡ
СĿ֮£ѩʩչܳṦ½ط֮ƮȻԶš 







 

  
ʮ¡ؤ 

ֻΪƣһ磬˾ҪַƵġ
ưɡ
Ƴͣ·Ĳˡ
˻Сһʮʮ٣سʱ֮ȫֿˡ
ָָ㣬ţţ̣ɷＱϳһģ̧ͷ졣
ȣƻ治С
Ļһ֣ȫסˡ
ˢɳӴݼϣϣ˵ͷϣϣϡ
һСƹ˷ƵأֱڽȦȦлͣӾǲˣŲӡ߳ԣ߳ԡҲ˾ˡ
ưɣʱĹ˶մӻɫĴȾǸԣ죬Цţ˵š
ԭ͹ƵټһһһһĨƣϷ̨ϵôһ£ֱɽ֡
Ƴ
һšĴͺصأŰѴƬǽҲҵˡ
ӵͷҲˣͷ鲻ᣬһۻ˵ҲһµȣͷһĹͷϣһѪӣӳԻһȾÿˣƣƵѪ۵һУ˹ˡ
ƷԴǮ˳ţⷹׯĴһƬ׸𲼵ӣ˷磬һֻĴĸӡ֨֨죬ֲ֧סҪӡ
ƹǮ̩ŵáۡУͬƣһһʹ˳̵ӱڻԷĴүҲʧɫվеסˡ
ô£ɣ
һͷƤСñŻƤСͷô˵ţŰֲϵſڡ
һ֮ĻƳХǹȥˡз磬ƣɾǲꡣ
յǣա֮ޡĵۿͷƣϷƶȥûͣ˼
һʧˣһֱŲӣۣ˶̾ҲƿڴΣⳡĽͷ־磬ǽˡ
үƺ̫һ㣬䲻⾰˿ġ
سƸ֮ǡھú֮Ľ죬ҲȻЩֲסˡ
ɽˮ㣬һˮѸɺԵü˺Ӵ㻹ʣһûȫʣµһ治֪˶ˡ
ķ缫ʢԲֽԶֽȺ񣬼ġֽɧͼΪӣ޲ѡá
Ͽ߽һǣһĿɽ㽭أʴϹζʮ㣬ҲΪմôһϵʱõһЩԽϵĽӼãڼȫʡີľ֮£ǿάһ̫ľ档
ɲǮ̩ţⷹׯӾȻά֣֤
Ͽ˵ܻ࣬п͡
ƷĿҲܾ㷹
Ͳˡ
־꣬Խƽһιַ硭ͷƤСñֳֳ̹ܵСͷػصϣʰȵĻ⣬ôţһ꣬Ҳǵڶ꣬˼Ҿͼݱˡ
˵ӷ硭
һӣһӿڣȴСͷƸֹסˡ
˵̣ھעĿʱ˼ҲŽȥ󣬴ǡɣʷļأҲһӹַ磬˵ʲô磬ݣһ˲٣кüٶǲôţ
˼һ̵ֺһڲ裬˼Ҳζʮصȣһϣˡһǵãʷ˵ʱǰʮ꣬ڶ꣬ŵĸɶ˼Ҳ̫Ӹɱˡ


Ҷⷬסˡ
ﲻݡ
Сͷһ̣ȥǿÿһιַ磬͢дʣ˵ǲģֻ¡
˵ȥɾ¡Σ֮ͷǻ˴뱲ӵˣĻ᲻ףԭҪ֮ģʱ̵˶ߺΣض룬ԹԵغˡ
һ۰Ͱ͵صһģ˼Ȼʹ˶ա
ֻôǸֱֻ۾ʣѵ˵ĻʵҲҪݱˣ
𡭡Сͷһҡͷҿûô˵ɱϹզСȥӣһ󲻾֮ԴӰҡ
ǸӹЦһ˵Ϲô˵һͲȥأԭɱͷ
ͦһظ⺺ӴӲ£߻ʵԶ˭Ҳ¡
⻰˵ĺãٺ٣ӻˣĸӣһŹʮµ꣬Ŷ̷һӳۣ͸ʣһң죬ȥǹŸ߲һ֮Ȼǡүֺŵ
꺺ȥһЦվ˵ˣаΣ
˵䣬ȴʱ۵ǸСͷҡֹסһ漴λǰǸ۰ֳҾԭүҲ֪С϶ûλͣү˲С˹֣벻Ҫһʶ˼Ҷⲻˡ˵򹪲ѡ
۰ӱһҪ˵Ǹ󺺣úܣѶԷСү˿ԷԲףǴ顣
ҹһߣӵӸҪϹʲô£
һ˵ţ⺺Կ翪λվ˳
һ຺ӡ
⺺վĸͷûߣҲҲӣʣʵúܣ˿̵۷ֱƻŷɡ
˵¿ǰˡСͷࡡһһתһɾſϣĺ̴ӡһҲ۶ˣ߾ʹ
ࡣðʧү
ү̧һֹ֣סתǰǸŷҲƵĺӡ
һЦߺߡ
үֵһֻ̧֣°ϵĶ̶̺ˣӣտӣλѴĴİɣ
ҡҡͷֵ񣬲Ĵûиôߵ񣬿Ҳƹϵĺúˡ
꺺Բ̴̵ֻۣصӾģ
ôһһﲻˣۿҪܣǮĺϷһԸ⿴
ˣǱؿͣûвʶǸİүġʵ˵ϵñү˵Ҳ֮١
үиŰգձ񣬾˵ǡšĳָ֮ˣڴͨٸ½çӪֽī⣬һרķıĴַ¡ˡһˣģ䣬ǮƣĪֺ˶Ҫ֡
үǮƣһ֮⣬⻹ңվɵĳӣȴǮ˳ţⷹׯһԡһͷţֻһԣүʳִֻҪˣ˿ɾٵˡ
˵˵ȥȫһ磬һַ磬һһʶԩҴһǰǽܹģҪˡ
˸׳һվñȰүֱһӡ
˼ҿǻµˣͿձĸҽӲҽˡ
ԷһۣǧѷĺûˣǱүһù˼ҿɾû¶һձĴڰ飬Ҫ˼Ķ֣ѱȵ졣ǰλçײӣܻѴɣ˭˵ⲻһ׮ϡ¶
ү˹غľƣһ߳ɵҶ࣬һӸº
Ŀ֮£ְ̵ð˳Ĵţԣ͵
ǸûУԱôһˣҲǺһۡ
˵ҲȫͷˣֵҲһߵĵͣϲΣ˱ʡīֽ⣬׬˲ǮͷǵһƱ׼һǮǵǮһ࣬Ҳνӿڳǰʹ˴
ү¾ƣȴסˡ
ѽӸ˵ûУ
үһţ˶ǣֻϸйת˶Էϡ
֪ܣ첻ʧˣ٣٣үɭɭĿ˵ʵձĹܲţ˱ĳ˵ͷϣĲ㡣
һ٣̧ĿӣŶԷָһָҸ㣬ĳһնʮûˣѵôһ¶ܸߣҾͳžˣˣܣλӣɣ㿴ô淨ɣġ
⼸仰ڶгʵ𣬰˶ˡ
˴µү˵ĶԣСӾȻҵͷ£һɫǻô
һ˿ͷһʱض¿ˡ
ͨ籨ţԷҲˣѹѹһƬѲ̫ķׯӶվˡ
ƹǮ̩һβܹȻ棬Ͳˣɻ˵룬һٲǮһβŲǰҾ
үкã͡ɣ
ŭͷϣҲ̲סˣһ߳
Žһ沽һѵ˱үǰȥġ
ӴСһȭͷֱձͷ
ԴСˡ
үסݵöԷֻȭͷۿͷϵһ̧֣ס˶Է̩ɽѹһȭͷ𣬺ÿ֣ಣ
һת󺺱
ʳڿͬһá
һȭգۼ֣֪Է鲻֮ͷһ
⺺ӱҲ֮¹ӣһ˫ϵĹǿһ·ɨȡж׮֮ǰѶ֣Ҫձİ֡
үǰ㻬죬󺺿ɾĪ
ȣһƣǺӱϡ
󺺴һǰһת˵жˣȴԶձÿ١
ǰһƣЦʵھۣΪһȥǽ̶ԷѪɣȴûϵִ֮£ŷֵԷһ쳣ʵͨȣʱ;˶ԷԭкĹȭҪֻ²ס
һ֮䣬սԡ
ֻ˫ҡֻȣ磬򶫣һʱ֮䣬ֻΧ󺺻ƵƵתѡ
Ȼǽתѡ
˵ˣܡձĻѶԷ󺺵ɹˣһȭһȭٲһѣֻܹںôЦѡ
ֻܱףûжԷ죬һʮ£˵кʹ⣬ʱһҲףȫϡ
ôһǺԽǱףԷԽǻҲԽ顣һǡֱǺһֻۣȥһȡֱߵ泯
ٲһôЦ
ֻѪһסƿһֹ־ֱѰȫˡ
ձ˵ǾԵռϷ磬ڵϳƵһԳ̥ҲôĿ֮£ϹҲסﲻԣء
һ˼ȭֻһֻ۷ڣеͷת򣬴һڣ漴ʩչֹ򣬡ɨȡ˶վˣõ׼򣿵ùʳΰʣ󺺵£һʱݿ࣬һ죬أϵĻ˴꣬ǲҪǮƵģ˸ѩƬ顣
ǮƹֻðǣֽۡУڶԷ֮¼ֱӶ岻ȥֻøɵֻۣɶԷ鷢йˡ
ڳˣԭˣĴӣֻʱһۿڱȭ֮£ñˣѪ棬жһЩͬ飬ûٽСáˡ
ƿڴŭʱһɾЩӲ˵ˣˣͣ͡ţ
үɻûסֵ˼ǵˣȭŸǺͬ顣
ʱƺԳΪݵ֣ʱشܸݰüֱֻӡ
Ϊ֪˶ԷкĹ򣬾㱻ȫҲ˵ǣҪӣѰ˶Էġšźһȭɼߣ˶ԷŸԷˡĢ
ת֮䣬Ǻʮ¡
˷֣ǰաΪԳԷصֽŲòʩչȫ
ֻһءء죬󺺱ذƵƵ
ԭͱ˱ѪһֻۣѪֻۣ࣬һȭɳϹӣűԾһߣ㡰ƽɽֱͦͦ
һε߾˥ʵؿɾˡ
ֻصֻ״ˮҰ۾ѪһƬȴס
˵Σͷ뵽ֻǡšѡ
ȫްȭţΪ͵һ˵ǡš
һһΪ˿ƣŻ֣޻
ֵءĵǺ뵽ıֻǡš֮һ;ˡ
ѱûڵأǲ壬뵽ˡšҪһֻȴ֣ʶرšꡱȥģסٻ䣬䣬ֻݡ
ⷬѾıİձǶ
ʳɽ˺㣬㣬Χ˸ˮйͨճֳɿֵǿطѡ
ǰһǣѩɵĿѩȴһֱţƺûеֵʱ
µˣȻ˷ǹܲɵزҲûӵ¡
ֳ˵ҲǧΧۣô˵УѵûһִͦԣǱƽģ
ȻձϵƣֹдͷҪԭ˭Ҳ뵽ȥֹ¡
ձһ˶Է󺺵ġšڣһʱɱ
ӣԼүͳȫ㣬ȥɣ
һ٣ֱϳ˹ȥȻǾʹ˽ѡ
ӣ΢΢һ䣬һֱֻ꺺Сϵȥ
ڳ˾㶼ɲסһΪѵز𣬱ˣȻȭŽӣƺ̫һ㡣
֪̤µһţǧǶԷصġšڣǴҪ
νˣȻбġ
Ӵ
ƺôһ
Ӵ֮һˢطɳӰһƾ죬ֱűֻ̽ϲ
ձôҲû뵽дһ֣Ա󣬵оʱսǲˡ
ŶԷһƣҲƵģְѱֻ׽ס
Ȼǽס¡
˴ŴҲҪүһس󣬳һǸӿɾˣǹȵһֻƵģֱȥ
ڳ˿岻һЦǸҶԱүĴ䣬ʵǱ̫̲סЦ
ձԭʮþȵһţƫƫʱһ˼©ʱǲԶԷһһͷֱȻϾߣۿһͷȥǲᣬΣһ˲֮䣬һ̽סһͦǰӰ˹
ǸƫƫҪĳ
ˣ˰ɣЦŵڶһ³һ֮֮ǰһοɸҪǿˡ
ʩչԭǿ֮ĩپܵסһ֮һڶֱ
ͨˤ˸ƹʺ
㱫ֿ죬ۿһͷԵصһ䣬һţûֱֻڶԷ֮£ֻӱĥˡ
ǧֳڣɲסԷ˺Ц֮
ԷЩӡ
һεĶžһڱϵ
ԭǲʤǱĵȻһɣͦԾһޣɫ
ֻɳȴ˿֮ˣǳǰ֮УȺ֮м䡣
һ֮£վǰˣΪл׷ױÿ
Ѱ֮£ſ˷֮ˡ
ַʹүΪ֮жˡصοɷһʵȴǴȻ
Ŀ֮£˾һ°ٽĻӡ
겻󣬲ʮµģ˵ǻӣȴ֮һҪĽлӿȥöࡣ
է֮£Ǽٱ£ԼͷϹɢƺһлӲ޶£ϸ֮£ͻ֮
һӣϲƶ֮ࡣ
ڶ£ȴϴʮֽྻֹ·ྻȫ£ַһЩ۹һͷɢҲǹϸ಻ҡ
ղ׶Էһӣ˿ջ˹ãڵǰĻңͬδá
ձŭɶһ߳ٴǰ
͸˶Էؤ˵˫ֽţֱԷôֱȥ
һֿ棬ʵȴǹյģƾűһ˫ָϵĹһΪס˶ԷߣԷӿɾ͵ڷˡ
ĻӵȻ֪ȴҲݶԷʹ˵֣һƫһƫֻֿɾ˸աǻ˫δֻǰص޵л˶ԷһʽС
ձȻ˵Ͼһ֣Ҳǵǰһ߿֮£ԽǻУȻǸ
ûһ裬Ǵ˿Ȼûг֣Ҳڵˡ
ƺ̫ˡ
һšڶγ֣ǰһиݡһʩһ֡ơƷֱǻӱ֮䰴ȥ
Ứӡ꣡һһһſ
ȥΪУʵô£Ȼⷬ龰ҲֻеԼ
ΧֻΪǸỨӲ£ү׷Ǵ˵УĴֺñˣ̲ס˺ö
ʵϿɲô¡
һаȥξǺǰһǲ˶ԷȥȻһա
Ứӻ̧һЦ
תϷ̨ǰתһתƮ⡣ƫУһŰİϡ
˲ſӵ׿Խ֡
һֻţ΢ţֻⲿλôǣڲкɣѽڣɾǲ
ϹӣԽӲǺ룬Ŀ֮£ǿԽӵ಻סҲǰǰĳ嶯
õģɴ˵˰ɣŭ˫ۣԷӣǳձģ
ỨһЦȴͻ֮
гķӳ԰˷зԣܡүʲôһŪʲô㣿һЦˣô˵үһĴˣǵҪүк£ܼܼһӼˡ
ڶԷ˵ʱȫעɶԷ̬жﴧЩʲô׳ԷĵϸǴ˿̿Էȴǿڽúܡ
ߣԷȻ°ٽᣬǳǺ֮ˣĽֱ֮УСؤ֯ȴûؤҲ֪ỨӣǷ֮ˣ
ǸỨӼԼһԣЦôˣܵ׻򲻴ˣֻҪү˼˵һΣһǷ㵽׵ģô͵үһػˡ
Цһ಻ɳӣɲеĵطõģͱϸɣ
үڸҪĵİɣʲôǧģҿǲ̧֪һֻ֣ȥ㵹Ǵ򲻴ɣɵҪȥˡ
ձɭɭһЦͷðɣ¼ȷˣҳﲻǵطɷȥһ徲ڣһǡ
ỨҡҡͷããղүˣܣҲ
һһʱǲˣͷӣүӰɣ
һЪỨ΢΢һ죬ƷѩһƬƮ˱ǰ̩Ȼ
ٺͿˣҲˡ
Ứһ˵ǰѶԷүˣ˺ӣǿ̣벻̡
ձֻɫࡣ
ߺߣõúܣʹаɣ
˵仰Ҳɣһ㣬ϣһȭֱԷǰصȥ
Ứ˵һãЦһ㡣
΢΢һʩһСʽձȭͷɲǲһ
ۿỨǰֻͣҡβѣչӣûմţκΡ
ӦˡߵʡǾ仰һգԾֱ
硰ȣôһ
үȴڴ˼һʩһѵһֵġšȣȣȣһţŶԷʡ棬Ҫ
˵пȡôһʽš书֮ޣ޿ɹۡ
Ứƺһʱ⣬û뵽ԷȻдһ֣ǳһ
ֻٿһش˸磬ȻӿӭţȴΪʴĿţϼһ¡
ȣһ˴͡һɾ磬Կն׹
Ứһʱ⣬Ŀ֮£˸ܴͣ裬һŭɱ
һת֮ƣֻ֣ǰһ죬һǽڴУֱŸصı˫ϴ
ͷֻñһǿϮ֮ͣƽһ֪Ǻá
Ϳһϸ΢ļͷϣУһ㼫ϸСĺڵһԼͷֱỨ
ỨӸǴͷһ֡׷֡ʵƥϼֱľտһ˱˫磬үлĻᣬɾ΢΢
ǵСС֮ʲȻʱ򣬲űͷȥĿȴǶ׼ǸỨӵһ˫۾
ỨӶһһյ˼㣬˵Ҫǰı˫۾ҲͱҪˣȻȹԼҪ
޿κֻð̽˫֣һգƻζ˫磬ʩһС˴ۡͿһԾ߿⡣
յһɣط˸սһԣ˲ԼͬȫȺһȥȻǸ͵ʩСĹѩҲܲ
΢΢һЦѩ۾תһԣҲκһۡ
˵߶֮⣬ϧֳȻûһˣȻûпǰ΢ƣȻỨ뱫үĺȻסֲˣȫоЩĪ
ձԲٵޣسŶԷǸỨӱ˱ȭ֣ĳ죬ձܲˣҪĴ治ʱãձľ
Ứӱһʧȥʱɡ
ѽ㻹䡣
˵ʱһ˫̵ӣݺݵһĹѩһۣһԲת뿪
һۿ⻨˭Ҳǣ׷ÿճһ·
Ứߵűߣַļһһڹ߽ȣһֻ¹ƤڴڹҲ֪װʲôһ
˴ӣȣỨƺָֻЦȴɿڴһưε룬΢΢һЦԼȤλղſһˣɲܰ׿ͼǮɣ
һ˵漴͡
ۼ˵ã˵ﲻԸȴҲҲ˵÷׷ңһʱ䶣첻סۿֻһ롣
Ứл˹ѩվЦλ๫ָͰɣ˵԰Źѩǰ
ѩͷ˵Ҳǣԭ͡
һֻ̽һϵССӣ˹ȥ
һӣȴҲأڴ˻꣬һҪģ֣ܲΪ֮ۺ죬߾㲻˸ֳ֮һССɧ
ỨӴصлһָֻ룬ס˶Է
ѩȴҲṵ̂룬ֱָԷ䣬߷һӴĵֻһ죬Ǯضǡ
ỨӾһŰ΢΢һƬ쳱ȲżʰɢͭǮȴѩƾԹƳһۣһתȥ
ĻӣɢĴƬͭǮɴͲҪˡ
ǮƹĴ뿪ǰ
ү⡪
ҪҵϣǮͬʲͳͳҵġ
үЦһ£ȡһǮƹ£ָһһŵǸ󺺡
鷳㣬λ͵ġ帣ջȥסˣ˵ҵĻһгԺŴǮҵģһҡַաƫͣƫͣƹȥɣ
Ǯƹԭƣôһ˵һʯͷ˵أһʱüЦлѣһϽµĻƣ̧ˡ
ѩ漴뿪
Ҵ߳˷ׯӣʮү׷
λһ
ѩȻ֪˭Ҳ֪ôһˣվع
ձǰȭҾлԮ֣˱һл֮
ѩվ΢΢һЦؿ·ŴõҲʧ屾ɫǺȻçײЩײΪ֮ˣǡƼˮ̸꣬ʲô壬͸ˡ
һ²һ£ѩǺڲˡ
ô˵ʹĳ޵ˡǰЪĳһҪߵлŻҪֽ̣档
ѩʵԱˣҲ˸ţ֪˵ĶˣȻЩСҲһƵʿŶԮ֡
˿̱˵ÿУǧ֮ˡ
ðɣּȻô˵Ҫһˡ
ӦǸˣֻ̺һˣԸλ๫̺򡣡
˴ӦһæתҪǰȥȴΪѩֹס
ǲԶα鷳Ųһ̣Ǻã
ձЦֵǿ˿̫ˣ
ؿѩʵ㣬һǳȻúܣ֮ʡسƵһ֦㣬ѵʶ;Ҫ;ָһԿé
ڴӦ漴ԸˣԼȥԸ׼ۣŻϲͬŹѩһ·ǰ
û̶ֹգǡ
ѩԱЦ֮£θҾӹϸǧҪôƺ
һЦҾͳƺһɣɣһ˲ģĪϻһݹ
ǵûСѩҲˡ
ѵˡһȭôȫģѵãѵá
ǰһ
ǽߣǧ
ʱӰƫϦϣȾһƬʰǰյϣ뵱ջ̣ﶨɡ󺵣ݣӻȫή֮֮УһƬĲ֮ǰȳؽиѡտԺֻɹ̫һƬ
ѩ½Ųǰип̾һԭؤô
ԭôࣿѵĶˣҪҲͶˡ
ָ˵һ£ÿּˣҲˣҲˡ
ѩƺûʮ˵ʲôһ˫۾ֻȺΪɹ۵
ע⵽ЩؤЩô
һ£עĿϸƣȴƺûʲô쳣
ҡҡͷɻصʲôô
ѩ΢΢һЦ߰ɣ
һ˵ǰȥæԸϣ֪Ȳ˵ԭ򣬻ʱʵĺãǲ뵽ԼֹеǸؤ书˵ã֪ʲôĪЩؤʲôɣ
һɲסΪ֮һתһԵĹѩȴֲֹסҪͷǱ׺ˡ
һ㵣Цô˵ղǸһһߵˣ
Ųɣ
ĪǻŲң񲻽Щŭ̫ˣѵһǲɣ
ѩݸһЦЩΣҿδ㣬ǷŲң˭Ҷأ
ˣ̲סٿתͷȥһİؤԶԶ̤ڣ״ٿһ漴һ¡
ѩɿʲô
һϻӣ׺ˡ
ѩµؼǰУһ߻⻨书䲻㶯ֵ˸ߣȴҲס
һ£ͷЩ֣˼֪ţɲסֻͷȥһۡ
ˡ
͵һ
ôѩصҵΪ¶ϣѾ˷ˡ
һ΢΢ƫͷװ쿴βȴƤ͵͵Ͽһۣһ۹ȻΪɿͷ
һǣӰ漴β
¿ǻɣȻ˾˷ˡ
ô˵ڹѩķ֪ӹٸУͶأԽԼܽʶˣʵĪ󸣷֣򲻿ʧ֮ۡ
Ȼ֪ڰи׺ǲֳŻɫٿߵĹѩһȻֱδҲԽӵزɫ±Էᡣ
һΪǽŵĺͬխˣ෿ܣǰи֮ˡ
ѩϿ쵽ô
һ̣ˡ
ѩͷôǾͷſһ㡣
漴ӿ˲ǰ˳ﾡͷ
ѩһڣǽһ֪йʣѧվá
ӷվײãͷϡƮ֮һӰѸǽϡ
û̧ͷӳڵϵӰӡȴʮ˵ˣǸؤ
ϵӰӣʾһͷҷ⬰ţŴȣϻŵΪҵϻһʧ󣬸ˣЩŻţվǽͷϲʱΣҪһΪѩѰ˿϶һƣֱϻӿϻȥ
ǸϻӼֱû뵽ԼĶˣȻͲڽ£һʱΪԾ
ѩһơַ족žɵַǸϻ˵ֲ³ִ٣һʱ޼ﾪһȻһһƣȴ㲻ѩǷһץһӱ㱻ץסס
ôһʱʧȥ˾ƣһͷֱǽ
ѩ֮⣬ʱɿ֣ԷһɣһµɵطԾ
ſԷǸʲôࡣ
ʮҵ꣬ǣзһͬīȾһĺէȥһԭǳУҲֲ֡
ؤ˵ûˤţ׶ۣһʱΪŭ֪߳СϷˣ̫үҪÿ
ߺţһ˫ڵһ٣ಣһ˶ǰ
ķ޹ѩϷŪһ˹Ȼ֣ȶ׼˹ѩǰؾ
ѩɫʵг񣬶ԷǸȷһӽʩչһʽҾ׿ԭǶԸƵУʩ֮ǰȷࡣ
ڰձȷúܣѩֻһΣǰһسֻ֡
֪֮ôһǸͷϵȣѵ˶ԷϣҼϱ˲زһơ
ͷһ˺üͨˤڵϣһǲ֪˶ԷָȵصֻۣǿŶԷ
ʵеɻ󣬶Էֻħ֣ھ֮䣬ԼȣָܻԼͷƺ̫΢ˡ
ѩһЦ⻨ӵ˭ҵģʲô
ǻԭΪѩԼʩɱ֣ڶԷ֣е㲻֪ӡʱż֮£֪Լ⣬ôһ룬׳
ʱͦվ𣬷һ˫۶Źѩ¹Ǻģϻ飬ȡ裬ߺߣҿǲʶͱɣ
ѩͷ⵹Ҳ˻չأأ
ӺٺһЦܱգͲضˡ
һԵİձȴǲмصֲؤʲôѧ󱲼֮磿
ӱ˵ЩҲסһȴֺٺЦ˼ϵ㣬ؾİձүˣ
һͷҾˣкָ̣
ҵǻһ˫磬ɭɭص󺵣ȹ磬Ҫ޷֣ۿͻˣүڵǮƣ绽꣬٣Ҫ˼·
һЦҪĳǲˡ
Цǻ˸̫ˣ㱫үкðɣ
һҪձԸⲻԸˣԸһ仰Ըߺߣ˭ǿ
㲻ԸĺáǻӴ̴̵رһ˫첲Цǽ˼ɱˡ
û˵̲꣬סŭסڡ
ͷӱһ߳ʱס˿ڣֻмбһ˫ۣűһ涶ӣЦѡ
ԭԼ֣Էһ·Ļӣ޺˵ʤ֮䣬ʤΪЦ룬ڰ¶
ձļ߲ˣǾͿŰɣ
ǻһЦˣ㱫үô仰ϻҲܻȥˡ
һ˵Ŷ˹һ֣Ҫת뿪
ѩš
ͷǶԱмһˣǰİܱȴ˿ҶԹѩӡ
ѩôһæͣգ۵ôѻҪһô
ѩҡҡͷǵǣ仰Ҫ
ͷһٺЦô˵ѼҼˣ
Ųɣ
ϴ
ѩðʱҰ֣ʱˡ
ǻӵΪʲôԣϻϻһѻڱǲǿɾͲ֪ˡ
ѩһЦҵĻû˵꣬Ҳļˡ
ͷ΢΢һ㵡
Ұѩ˵ն񣬲ǹ֮ǨΪĺá
ͷһѵ˼ǡ
벶ȸں󡣻ȥúĥȥɣ
һ٣漴ȣԷȥͷӽǰһоסֻ٣ڷʹԷһףԼȴʩȫнסֻһˣѿ˫ʵֱ࣬ԷȻ飬Ҫ֪Ȥ뿪ȥ
ѣǿһӡש߲ϻˡ
һ˵Ŷ˹һ֣ʹתȥ
ձıӰһЦһĶ´ҪҪһơ
ѩһЦֿ֪˵ĵϸΣ
ҡҡͷ֪
ѩ˵ˣ֪Ͳ޹ǣһ²һ£ҵڴˣ㷸ŵǣȲȥһˣ޿κΡ
΢΢һתѩô˵Ī֪ǵĵϸˣ
ԭЩɣȴԶ϶Ǳ߱˵ɣ
漴ǰС
ϱؤ֮˵ֿ
Īؤؤģ
ߣѩҪڵؤˣֵǴɲصģΪؤǱؤ涼ϽԲ°ͽΪطղӣǿΪǲԶ϶Ǿؤﱾ
ͷ˵üǣһҲֻ֪ǣѵϳϱؤ֮⣬еؤﲻɣ
ǵҲǡ
˵֮䣬ӭ߹ؤؤһһݣԶԶ߹ˣͣסŲʮĿ⣬Ŷ˴ѣݵñĿʱȴæԵͷ
ⷬ龰ڱУɡ
ѩȴһתָŸл
һ̣ƹһ֣˱סլ
һΪլӣ棬䲻ٻɣȴȥԶʱųվ⣬ѵõ֪ͨϤ֪˽ύ˹ѣʴ˾򣬼״˫˫ǰ밲ʺá
ʲôô
֮һѮһϲͷǰһүĻ˵үڷ£ʦѴԺӦүˡ
Цһǲ߶죬ʲô£ⲻǻô
ϲͷӦšǡȴګګص̫̫˼ʲŴүûдˡ
ͿĶʲôֻϷһˣʲôҪ̫̫
ֻǿЦӦǣȴЩֹ
ʲôҪ˵ô
ǣǰһֵղؤڴүûǰլܴת쿴˰졣һˡ
ؤʲôࣿһһݣ
һͷǡ
һԵĹѩһۣȥ˵
ѩ𱻴ǰ֮Ѿ̺ˮʮܵȴʱǣҴڣ˼ĸף氲ã껻·ŴҴҸϻشѩǸõȡ
̸ѩ֪ԭסһ޶檣иĸĸТзʲô£ҪĸΪǡ
ѩԭԱ޺øУĸТٸıһЩĿദ䲻Щ̳ϰȴҲ鿪ʣ˿ʧɫһ̸ġ
ת˷ݶؤϡ
˵ؤ֮£;ͣסĪЩؤؤﲻɣ
ѩҪ˵ΪԲ˵ѵЩؤȫ³ʡ˵Ǳؤ֮һ֧
񡰰һһҪ˵Ӧؤĵѽ
ѩصһǰؤּ֮󣬱ؤȻ䣬ʵȴڽ壬ѵ֪
ҡҡͷ̾Ϣ֪
ѩǵأµ׻һδ֤ʵһȴҪˡ
ô£̲סΪġ
ѩһڲ裬˵˵ؤ۲ͯΪ֮λãͯƴ󣬸̣ͯУֻڣѰԶߣ¡
΢΢һ٣ע񣬵ڷ㶯ֵǸỨӣ˳ɶͯˡ
ɲסһѹˣֵͯܵĴҾˣֲ֣֪ҲôçײˡһƵƵҡͷ̾Ϣ׷ڲѡ
ѩʱɲ㣬ѷҲͲ鲢ѵ˾ء
Ҳֻôˡ
۰Ͱ͵ؿٰͯô
ѩǰ޴ȣٿǸỨǷϱĻЩ̬
ͷ⵹Ҳǣô֪Ǳؤˣ
һѩؤвؤңЩؤ˽Ըһ¹ƤңԱ־һ֪
֪ؤֵͯܣ书˵ã벻ԼĽԹƽ˴УĿʮְɥֻǵŹѩ棬¶ˡ
ѩ£ҲֻƾԼĲ²⣬ỨͯƱˣֻҲѽӣضѰңʱ֪
һ̾˵ȫǵĻҲ˶㡭
ЦţֽȥֻԼһܲ˭֪˸֣֪У͸˵ˡ
˵һ񣺡ŶỨӰ־ˣҲʹ֪ѶˣҵҲĺ鸣ˡ
ѩҡҡͷֻδˣỨͯƣֹˡտͬСɣżʧ֣δķ˵иİ֣ȴǲɲ
һ
ѩ˵ֵͯں壬ͯƱȳߣһˣؤ߹ĳϣҲ丸ͬʦֵİ׳ϣ֮ͯΪˣͯƶȥ
£һסͯ۱ͯΪӦλͯƼֵܣãĲˡ
ѩҡҡͷ֪ͯͯΪնҪͯƼΣȻͯݱɺֵǽ֮ʹ¶ۣͯն丸ǰѲ൱ʵһ֮£ͯȻа׳ϵ֧֣⣬Զ롣
˼һ£ֵ²ŷ֮ã֪߲࣬벻һټϣȴ֪δ㣿
ȷʵ˲⣬ɣҹϵǳ桪

ѩһЦҡҡͷ֮ߣԹٳǷϵԸǣǿɾƲ㻹Ǵĺá
ô˼
ʱɫѩصͯľİҵġ
۱ףڱֿ֮£ѩҲͲƴǣһ١ 







 

  
ʮ¡Ʒ֪ѡٰܽ 

ȻԲ֮ҹ
ŵ£ѩҹ˼ǲԼ
л˱ĺ⣬ԸԾסƫƧĿջ˵鳣һţ˼ҵдʹǳ꣬ҲӦ˼νͶ
ԵʣһΪ㹹ĵһǸΣѩƽΪˣǾԸκγǸΣǡȥǣң
ǽҹϵ¡
ÿһأעʱܻ鲻Խ˼顭
գ壬ÿҹԶϰһʮ֡ӷɡ´ġ
ҵ̸ҿҫֵһžֻϧѩֻѧһ룬ʹһ룬δ۾
ѩ֮׷Ƴ̾˵Сӱȷһĺӣֻϧж٣Ĳܴ֮ɣʱɾͻ֮ϣȴ֪Ƿһۿһˡ
ʮӷɾòǽڴھѧᣬʱ˺ͣȱһɡ
ʱӦ֮ҹرӦ֮ʱ
Ӧˬ֮ȣʱػ֮硣
˺ͣڱ˴֪ᡣνϬһͨ
ȱһɣѻڡ˺͡һ㣬͸޾ӨϬһ׽ϰġ
һһ֮УѵʮϺҪ޳Եǣң۰˿֮£һ֮Уϰǲˡ
׽ѩѧ꣬ʵܽȫʱȴδܳʮ졣
׷Ƴ佱˵ô̵ʱ䣬ϰһ룬ź磬Ϭ֮ˣǾԴﵽδȫִһҾѧʹжϣ˰һ룬ؾǻۣھᡣ
ⱾڹѩЯ֮С
ÿһε֮ʱܻ鲻Խ뵽״飬ǧǰÿһҲԵظоϸ̻塢Ρ
ͷµһˣȻڲ֮ǰٻԡѪ֮սƽһεĲҰܡ
ǴβҰܣµʹܴ裬ǵδʣվ
ÿһ뵽㲻Ϊ֮ѪڣӶ˽̫׺汯־
ʵ˵һľսδܿ˾ȫܶžδʩչȻܣ·磬ֱǽķʶڿԷټ֮ΪʲôԶߵҪԭ
ĸظ룬Ϻе׻׻ܴͣĵĻ档
һһ㡣
ʿǾ׸£ϰܷ䣬һҲ¶²̣˲ˡ
ſ£ߣѩҧݣԽսȭȴԷйһǻޣκΣκΡ
ռͥǰǿòɡ
ҶУżʫ黭⣬һζͷˡ
ȡȣȣ档
Сǳӡ
Ȼ
һҹµͷҹˮѩֵƣСңҶƮ㣬ֻǶ̶̵һ̣ʿ۰ңŮĬĬԣ鷱ǣ౼棬ʱ˾֪ģڲˡ
˵顱֣δ֮磬дˣ飬ģԴ˶С㣬ʵش
ĸװУ˷ǰͲСóɼѡͷ뵱ô
ƺµĸףӴˣ뱧ˣŮˣûҪ
ǰԶġ
ǿɲһӵĿ˭ôƯҹһȣԽӵľƲˡ
С죬˵
˵ģҪȢҲܱ̫Զ˵ǰɣѩ𻹼ǵڼʱԼĸ˵
ĸ׺Ц̣΢΢ҡͷ̾Ϣ
ӵĻ˵Ŀȥˣﲻ˵ɲôˡҲ֪ļҹܽҼСϣǰĸ
˷ȤĸӶԻǲű߼ʵлȴδӡ
£ѩˣվ⡣
ҹ˼ЩԲ
˵ı˵׳־ԹһԵ뼯ĻŸոĺ׳־һ˲ּͳָ顣
ǰӵͷӹ¡ǡáǲˡ
ջ޿ͣҰ޸У뵽˼ķϵĹΣȻЩһؽ
ͷأ˳
ҵĽظ֣߳ʹƽգѩϰʱ༫ΪϽʾˡ
ѩֽ£ͽ˼ʽʱһӰӳǰ˵һ㣬Ӱеһˡ
ֱͦͦؾվڵУעţ˫Լʮɣҹ֮£ȴʮ
һϮ׺˸ɫİٽ£Ƹȴϼһӣ¶˳̵һؽǽ˿ɫй⣬һؤȴƫƫûߵĺᣬ֮ǾĿʾŵȴȵ߷緶
ѩֻһۣѿȷ֪˭ˡ
΢΢һ֮Ľгڡ
ԷƺΪȣһ֮һֱ̤ѩֹ֮ס
Ȼ㡣ѩ΢΢һЦһˣˡ
ǲʧġĻګګ˵ţϵɫͻݻȴˡ
ٰǿͣһΣ
ѩͣԷȻԾС
˵ʲô
²ˡѩ΢΢ȭһӣѵ²Ǳؤٰͯʧ֮
ỨһԵ
ãŵͷҽͯƣƺ֪ú
࣬ࡣѩıֵȴҲ٣Ʃ˵йµĸߣҲ֪һЩ
ͯһ³ü˵ô˵ҹҾ͸ܷŹˡ
˵ţֺ磬ˢһ󳤽ɭɭˮһһںý
νɣͯɫص֪㽣пɹۣ֮أѲ쿴֮⣬ͣɾʩչ
ѩҪȽһ㣬ֻΪʲôѵֻΪϳͯƣǰ֮Ĵ٣
ˣ͹ˡ
ͯЦһӵ˶࣬Ҳ㵱֣ȴ־пɹۣһ֣;ģ뵽ͬУǰ̡
ѩ̸²ףʢȴʧ֮硣뵽ţԷֻƬ̣Լڴʧ֮£չŽ֮ͯḻ˵ͻᱻŻһ㵹壬Ϊ͵ѧоǽ򣬱Ϊʧ£й¶Ż֮ΪˡѩЩ֮£Ź棬ʱԲ
ͯƹ˽ģֻפƬ̣ɹѩ𽣷пð£ȻȴȻ֮ͼ˵һ۰Ҿӡ
һ㣬Ӯѩ͡
ͯͽ̣Ҳģ˵ɣ
ֻͯĿתض
֮£˵˸á֣ҽŲ磬ڻٲȻ֮硣
ѩȻ֪Է֣֪ΪֱҪһѡΪ˿̱㲻òȫԸϽϸߵͣķڷ
дһҲͲٶ˵ʱ³˳΢΢һЦҾ޳ޣƴָٰ̼аɣ
ס̲סЦһǰ̤һϻ˵쿴
һƽֱҿ죬һ㣬ֱѩʺϼ
ѩһУſ˰еýַٿԷȥ
ͯƶһˢط¡˹ѩĵָԷȥ
ѩг񣬵Ҳ첲һأԷϷȥ
һһ£ˡ
ͯһգٵһת֮ƣáһڽ׶Ƚ棬ȴʵĽӣǼഥ
ҹһ㣬һ
һ󷭵
һбӥ
⽻Ӱ˵һغϡ
ͯ˫ŽʾޱȾ졣ѩҲҵģϧ
ý
кѩš⣬ڶη˽УһʩչžĸУһƬХ磬ͯȥ󱳡
ˣŭĽʹͯƴĽУȷʼϷǼ֪ԷȻǺһС
Ϳǰһˣȴýż棬ٵһתȻݳ߰˳߿⡣
ѩѹ棬һ߳һڣ𣬾һ䣬ͯٿת
ԭܿ޷յ֮ƣԷһٶ֮һá
ν޳УԹթΪ
ͯһ֮£ѾԷǿηƴŪաΪʹԷӽ
ɿһתӣָ磬ֱѩȥͬʱ䣬ֳӳһһ죬γһҡ֡
ʺ磬һʽɱš
ͯʩչһƵ콣Ƽݺ֮ƣƱۣ֮ǽеϳַ
ѩγûϵͯɱ֮Уֻûϵˡ
ͯĽѩӻһءα硢˦⡣
һɵϾ֮ơ
ˢһϼ󣬳ʱȪһټԷͷ֮ϣȪر˿
ûһ콣ӰͯȫȻΪ֮һѱԷ콣ǣ֪ԼͼˣԷͼѣǰԷʩչѴ｣СֹӰ磬һʱ˿̣лʽǲ۴ˡ
ѩʵԭʩչɱУֻΪԷݶƣ鼱֮˳²ߣ˫ԹԲಫ
һ֮ˣǲ鼱֮£Ƴ
һΪ˽ͯΣƣѩϧʹˡֻͯӭ΢Ϯ棬Ϯ΢֮ľ޴Եֵ
һʱ飬ӭľ͵һ¾һš
꣡ݳһ
ͬʱ֮䣬ѩͷԾ˹ȥâɨǰ˸ŴƬ׹⣬Σס˽ƣ˶Էһʱ֮Σ
һڳУѩͯƱһȭн̡
ͯƴһƺᵽôһ£һȣӶˡ
Ȼҹɫ￴̬ⷬ
ˡ
仰һǺһѻزڣҡҡͷ̾Ϣһתߡ
Ųһվסع
̴£
ѩ漴֡
ͯšѩ֣һƬ룬һЦˡðִʣһֲ۷ɽƴ˵зŵľ˪졯֪Ҳǣ
ѩ΢΢һ뵽ԷȻдΪԷһƣʸڷϱ˹ʱֻõͷϡ
ֻͯ۸߼֮
ͯʱһʮֲشô˵¾Ƿŵĳˣ
ѩлδüشͯҡҡͷֲˣյӣˡ
ѩһֹͯȻֻ֪ȴû˵Ƿųӡ
ͯƾЦһ£ֻǣžȴյӵġ
ѩһһʱЩţҪڡ
ͯ΢΢һЦȴԱȭаѣ˵Ҳաԭǳˡð
ѩ´Ѿã粻⣬ɷһ̸
ͯһ˫۾תƬ̣ͷҲãˡ
ѩԭΪӦ벻ǺȻʮˬʣЩ⣬һʱϲ
֮󣬹ѩůΪһȲ衣
ͯǷл˫һڡ
²룬Źѩ˵һ仰̨ʶ֪ò˵
ѩԸŽ̡
ͯһЦּȻ֪ҵĳȻҲ֪ҽ֮ѴһƬҵȫڼְѳ֮УСҪĳòһ桭ʱΪĿģֶβݣٺ٣Ҳ޿κ֮¡
ѩǹ֮£ұɣͯô˵Ȼֿ֮ɷ˵һЩ
ͯ΢΢һЦɫ֮䣬о̬
ǴˣҶ˵ô
漴ǰ룬һڣ裬䲻Ȼɫ֮ҹ̨һᣬЩ֮飬뷲°ͯĳм
ѩ˼΢΢һţͯƷǵ书տ˼ıй֮ʱһɣǰ棬ףͬĬϣպʩչߺߣĵ
תһЦҲҪʲô飬ͯΪˣóвɣ
֮ףв壬һҪġ
ͯɫһ䣬üһһЦ
ֿ˿ֵܺò塣
ٰ̧ˡ
ѩ΢٣ֵҲм仰Ҫ£ʵڰ죬Ѿ߹һλϡ
ͯƵͷֵѾ֪ˣҪǨΪΪʲô
ѩ΢΢һЦʡһ˻٣ѲҾʱ˵ٰҲ̫ˣȻѽ½ȵǡ
ͯһЦҡҡͷҲš˵ֵһУƣӣѲ㡣
ٰ֮⣬ǾҪȥˣ
ֵѱѡ񡣡ͯ΢ЦŵҪֶ֧֡
ѩصȣٰ޿֣ҵض£ԷͷСͯȴçײҪ˼ĺá
ͯüͷ΢ôǡ˭
ѩګګصҹϸͷ翴죬ٰʫ
ͯƶȻס
һ˵ף𼦣ѵǳûɶֻϽô
ѩ΢΢һͷ鲻ԽΪ֮Ȼ
ֻϽ𼦣ᴥŸովõĿ̹ǳޡ
ͯƵͷ֪ˣһ㲻ɶԻԭ½
ֻϢȷʵ
ѩһЦһۣٶ˵
ͯվһҾлָ㣬ԻġҹˣҾͲٴˡ
ѩԭǰЩٻ֮£͸¶ԴڴկľģˣҲͲٶ˵漴Ϳ͡
ͯ˵ǰ˵ٻֵܵһУ˿ʱĳ칬ڣпֵҲ档
ѩһЦһݷá
˵֮䣬ÿԺ֮У΢΢죬ѩǰеӰӣڼһӰǽԫ£죬㲻һ֣µӣٶ
һĸˡ
ĸһɫؤ
ѩףؤǸͯƶԱδ̲ס쿴
ͯҲˣ˻֣ؤʧѩȭҡʩչܳṦƮ⣬Ժé֮ͤϣմһ½ż⣬ŵڶΰһƣʧںҹ֮䡣
룬칬
һֻͷƫӳչҹĻ
׳ϥһźľϡ
ϿʮңȻɲꡣ
ʵϣڱؤһ˶֪ڡסϣð˶Ԫϣ˵Ӧھʮ⣬£ڱؤԪϣİͯҲǵ
һذ׵ĳ£СֺͷѻҰףֻϸ΢εӣʹڰ磬ҲǱŵʱʱࡣ
˵꣬ڴƺֻһ֣Ȼ׳Ϻһξ롣
ڱȻѲٹʰ£ǽӽȴ֪ɲһ
׳Ͼڵҵġ֮νʳϼʳ嬣ʳټϡ֮ǵνġ
ϼߣʼʱ֮ߣûԺ֮֮ߣʵνġ¶ˮΪҹ¶ˮҹ֮롰ơݡǡԶΡĽͣǽӽصĿ
ֳʱʳĽ˵Դﵽ̥ϢĽҲǴ˵еġӭȭһרŵ۳Ծ֮
׳ǲѾﵽ֡Ծز˵֪ĹϾ൱һ޿ɣֻƾձʳսˮĹȷǳɾͷͬСɣֻĹδﵽɵġٹȡ֮ЩӣȻҪЩˡ
ؤڰ׶ϳɲµˣʱһҲͱΪǡءĽɫڱҪʱǶλ˵仰Щֻᱻ񡰾䡱
ڼҷһأôǵĴڣȻ൱ġ
ǰһ°ɣ
۲ͯһйֵܶ˭ȥ̳а⣬淢ڰ׶ֱ乬˳
һλϵͳһ
׳ΪӦعʰͯԣǱǲͯΪ
ڳϲΪȻΪһ䲻ܱȹ֮λȴǿɽ辵ϳףǰްԮ
˫Ų£һֵǽֳ֮󣬵ܵСγͯƵĳߣرҪָǣֵܶⳡͬˮλȴûֱӽˣֻǸĻ˵ϼ仰ѡ
ͯʧˣŰ׳ϲòΪ֮ߡ
ڰ׳Ȼһˣȴܿÿһεĳߣͯ˵ʮǰ֪֮ǨˣʲôԹģ
൱ˣڵԾʱ򣬺ʲô飬ܹʹ۾˵ĿΪ֮ף۾ʱ򣬱ģνġĿ
ɡ
ټĵֻа׳һˡڴȴҲΪܹʲô
ˣܶطǡǹ桱˵ǡϻͯɡ
ڡ޷ҪԵ֡ȤΪΣ
׳ϺȻһֻ۾
ԭһ˶
һֻɱڶӣһ˫ǰצĤݵӣֻ׳϶š
׳ֻۣΪ˶
Ūһ˫ǰצʱĳ룬½Ǩϵȷʵеİǰûǻᣬˣÿ֮ʱҪ˿һӡ
ϵǡ֪ĵˡˣÿһܻһֻλѴлʺá
һ䣬׳ϳЦ⡣
ֳ˶ͯȷаҿԷһֻҪһˣ˼ҲǷӻϲŹ֡
ϵǷݵ԰ɣüۣüɫ裬춼Żˡ
һһ󣬾һ̨ƾ磬ֵǴȴԴ˼ȤƵƵżһʹ˶ȥ
һֳˡ
һȴһֻǹǰצ׳˵ˡ
˵Ҫܵģҵϰ顣
׳ϼһۣݹȥ˵ãǿû󰡣ǹİɣ
˵¶ˣô֪ģ
׳ϼһۣĺӾ֪ˣĶӱȽС
˵
׳ϵ̫̫ΪʲôҪôɵң
˵¡
Ϊʲô
Ϊ˵ǰԹĿĸ׺͸׵ĸףǱġ
̫ˣ˵һô
ûǰһȳȵ˸ɵĺ¡߷ߵ˵һֻè
Ǿѹˣèأ
ˡ󡰹һΪеģèкýġ
˼˵ǸȳȵĵҲ
Ǻġ
󴯣
̫̫ĽĴֺҧһڣͷˡ
׳Ͼȵֻ۾ˡ
Ҳ֪˵̫̫жٺ٣Ҳ͵˪Զˡ
׳ϵͷ̫ˡ
ò¡˵ǺˣԺѵġ
Ըˡ׳ר־˼˵İɣ̫̫˰ɣ
һ֡˵Ѿǲ壬һǵڼ̥ˣ̸ʲô
ֲ˼ġ
̸̸η
ðɣﲻ֪жˡ˵Ƕͷֻʣϵڴˡ
Ȼֻ𣺡ҵˣ
ĸһ£һҲƵ֮زز
׳Ҳˡ
Ϊ̾˼ţϾĹ۲ҪǿˣԼʮ֮ѼΪȻǲ硣
ƫԴӰ׳ס֮ƽسٰ֮ͯ⣬롣
ǰ˵ĽŲ˵ǾԶǰ׳ȴԿ϶ƫ֮⣬޽ô˵ĿȻˡ
Ա˯˯̬
ϥĿĴͷϺӣȻ׷ҲƵɢҡĵƹµĳӰ
ѿ϶ڵǽ֮⣬ֻڿţ룿͸Ϊɻ

ƺһ΢ķ硣
׳ۣѿɶ϶ǽšֿ֤ͬԷƮ£ȻԶ
׳ȴڶ
ֻӽŲжϣ׳ѿɶ϶˾ٰͯƣҲǱеκһˡ
⵹ˡ
׳ϰߵһֻ۾
һӰԶԶעţǽڣǰ̤һȷǹģ֪ǹ˼Щʲô
Ѿ˵ˣܹҪġ
ڹһ̲֮סǰ̤
͸ԼͥԺɫ׳˵شͷһֻۣ˵һȴģǰ
׳͸΢ĸдѰѶԷù漴ֻĶҲɴϣעӡ
˶ĸͷ΢΢һ°ɫ볤̵Ĵӣ⸱ò͸죬ٿһһ˫׶ٵӣټһϳĵ̣ٺ٣ǽ̫Ǹף춷ô
һ֮ף춷һǰ
Ӽǳţﻹŵƣ׳⸱˯˯ģףС
Ȼһ
ƺû뵽ټĵֻһĵڴ˴
һԥ֮ף춷Ƥϣ漴һϲ֮ɫ
һء֮£ԭ뵽ؤ֮ھͣԼסǰʧ磬ﻹһֹѣӽ飬ȴǲڿ˶Էⷬ龰ʵǷˡ
ԺһûУżϮ΢磬϶ŸɿݵĽҶڵϷɳɳ
ף춷ֻѶԷò˵˿һ䣬ڵ˴ǰ
һƣǸϵڵ´
ף춷Цһţ϶㻹ǹԹ˯ĺã۾һӿɾҪ
ţ̧Ŵ̨һʣָ΢һ
֮䣬һֻչӥƮڡ
ʱſԷȻҲؤһԱϵˣ˵ˡ
Ȼ˯͸ɴ˯
ף춷էڣһνӥ׳ǰָּգ缦ģֱſ֪İ׳ϱȥ
ۣһ˸š
طλ֮Ҳ׳ƵġѨڣ˵޹ʹȴ˿˵Ĺˣصģܹʹ
ף춷ԹֻҪԹ˯ŲԲûʩչȫָ´ֻǾöԷӾǳ
ѣһңָ΢е֮ԣף춷һȴֻϵǸϵˣһᣬϻ˹ȥ
ף춷ӣһĵǷˡ
Էˣһ˫ҫžӣƵƵڵѲš
ƫΪʱĵѣ޷Щƿƿ޹ޣף춷Ŀ⾹ȻЩʲܸȤ
ֻ߹ȥЩƿ֮ţһӣԼƺҲЩͿˡ
ȻһӱԼϴ
ף춷һٿת
ʲôҲûȴ·һԼƫͷһ䣬һɵͷƮ˹ȥͬʱұϣವرôһѡ
ף춷٣ؽһƾͬʱ۳߰˳߿⡣
ݵվ֮ŷֵǰʲôҲûУһˣ˰죬ӰҲûС
ǱͷϣԼ˻ѨϵˣȻǰһбӸϣúõ˯ľΧ糾һжǰһ
ף춷ɾɵ
ٿϵյƣðŻӣȻܾڷ֤ˡ
ף춷Ը̫ںڽϵң벻겻һܾǰһսһɥڹѩ֣֮иӵչˣ군󼪣һܴ֮ʧһηǰΪԷؤܱ֮ʲôˣȴ벻ƫ죬йǲǿʮߣߡΪϼƵĺá
ת룬ҪֶܲܿأҲȥǡ
ôһ룬ȡһƽڵأһ˫׹ֻۣЩҩɢƿƿ޹ֵʢһ
Ǳ߻һ˵
ף춷ǰȡ֡
عϴȥʱ˼鷢ˡ
ˡ
ǵøղͷڵϣǵָĵȻ᲻ˣаŶ
ѨϵԻ˯ѣȻǸղŵ˯ˡ
ף춷һëżһ̧ͷŷ֣٣ԭˣǸոչϣƲͣҡš
ף춷סΪ֮һ˵ˣܹһĿյ˾ܴݽ⻹˵ȻܰѰϵϣԼֱˡ
һ漴ϴ£һԽ⣬һ¸߷壬κټٻȥһˡ
ˣǿӣȴڵϣֻǰЩƿƿ޹޲ˣһԭԭֺذڻصԭط
ף춷ֻһ͸ĵķ
˵ԼǱ˼Ҹˣˣ˹߲ɲ⣬ƺԼмֺƾ֣ҪȡԼҲˡ
Σ
߰ɣֶأȥν
߰ɣʲôٴȥ
ǹҿɾͱˣһתֿ˯ϵǸ׷ϵˣ﷢ʲô£һŲ֪ӣأڻ˯֮С
һ϶ֵʲôɣת룬ȴֲԣΪԷѱԼѨĪн⿪Ѩɣ
֪вûˣԽѪ֮лѪѨͺӽ̫ͣʵţǰ۵ϵҲ͡
Ⱦ޷һԡ
ף춷һЦСȶϰγ˳߰ţ⵶˫׶ٵ׹䡣
СӣǷƤ죬ڸװ裬ƫͲа
һ㣬ಡѴڵ˶Էλ֮ǰǰһ̽ץס˵˺ѣһᣬӰ
Ϊ̫˳ˣף춷Ϊ֮ʱһǻɱСļȥЦһְ˻ȥ顱һˤϡ
ͣɷʹóϵյһΪ֮Ϩ
ʱ֮䣬ڡ
һ䣬ף춷ֻúһ󷢽´ⱻץ˸ξղʩڰ׳мƣַֻвͬ
ף춷һּ⵶ȥ
ĵ죬˼ҵַ졣
Եݳһ룬һɾľѷԶԷϣһ֮£ף춷ѱˤȥ
һ־ǳĴף춷㱻ˤɿ⣬ͨ
ף춷ŵӣһʽӹԾȥ˵ûˤ˽ǣȴҲʵһ£ȴΪԼϵĵһ£СϣûʵˣȴҲһѪ㣬۵
˵ǣһΪϷˣ裬˸ˤ˳ȴԷ˭ʲôӶ֪˵湻й
ôһȻǲȥˡ
ڰһʯͷҧгݵطһӺޣƻǲһӰ
˵˰˳ɶǸԼˡϧⳡƾ絽ĿǰΪֹԼ䶨ˣ˵ʵһ㣬Է飬ҪȻСˣٲþգǿǡèıǡˡû˵ģ߰ɣ 







 

  
ʮ¡ϿȰ͡¹ 

ɽʮɵĹűǳأȻǷˡ
˵˴ǰαԪʦ֥ͥԮ差ʱΪԪڴΪԺԪմ󽫹差ǣ˴಻ܱԪԡʯڡס
Ƴǣ˷Ϊãϱڲԫս̴棬һѪÿ֮˼
ǳƾɣڣմפȥƣǺεƣ񵫼Ĳݣݰʯ籡ңÿХ׹𣬸࣬ΩͥǰӲ飬ƵƵعˣòˡ
ʹҲ·Զ߲ף˻ɽҲ޴֣ǮĴү͸ߡ
˭
ĪǱͼػ֮ˣνӥ£ХҰֽ֮еġ
ݳȣþ޷ĵһϮۣԴǰհƲ׺ŭӿ±Ǩ˼ʲɣֲˣͨˣֵһЦ벻ͨѪȣ˷ζ㽫ˡ
ʯϣ߰߶ʮĸӡӣܽб߷йɾ
ХشأȻǹһˡ
κΣκΣʵأΪΪ
ıߣǿܷ׳־չձУձС˵ɱۣܳͷչ־ںѪ׹ӯҰ
ʱ˿̣ǡ޹᲻޹˲֪߶ӡ
ԣԡ
⺺ӺƵҡͷͷȻѾ࣬Ĵʣҹĳ˵ġһҲûУ֪ҵһҲûа
ǣ̬ڴ˹ʯϣӡ˵ڶʮӡӡ
þտĹ򡪡
ֻ֮ʯм縯ָһشӿһ£էȥǺϡ˵ֻһ㼴ɢ
湦
ϵô湦ߣмˣ
мˡ
̹˰˵ľ̳ӣʵԹ˼ڣѪԽطˡ
ǺһָþھۣȾ֣µġһ족ָʹָʣʯдǣ
coc1ʮӡ㹦ͬҡ캳ܣҿݵһˡcoc2ӿŻһ飺
coc1ɷ򵱻£˳߲coc2ĩβļ֣ģȴδˣдȥcoc1Ҹ֣Һաcoc2
𣬡ۡһڣǵ㣬ʯ꣬ǻ⹦һ¯޹ֺӿ̬ǧȴΪ˴˼˼üѾ䣬ʹס
ӣгꡢ¡գ׽𼦡
coc1ʮӡ㹦ͬҡ캳ܣҿݵһˡɷ򵱻£˳߲Ҹ֣Һաӣгꡢ¡գ׽𼦡coc2
ּͬŶʮӡѩɲסԳһһʱľȻ
ʯϣ˳׽𼦹ֻ°س򰸽ǣһֻֻѹŴʵĳ
𵴣죬һĿվ̳һΪɹۣʮ߸֮࣬˾ʵǾˣƵϡ׺֮ˡ
ߴʤط磬ֻȥ̻³ǳعű䣬ɳνѾٷ磬ϲӣŹ˵ġ
ѩʶҧһ
Ŀ˼ǣֱԶջұˣûа׷ĻҵȴϾĲɣˡ
᲻٣ʱ
һ֮ˣѩֳ΢š۽ࡣ
磬ѻٵ˶ԷϣʱֹסҡҷƬƬ⣬ҲʾΪ顣
һֻǰݳԹѩڹڶԷһ͸ΪֳȴµĴ󻼡
ȻȴǼ֮£ھ䲻ܡ
̾һһڽֻصڡ
չģѣˡ
˵ţڶԷһƣ֮һž͸Է㣬һ
ϺйȻû˵Ȼˡšһֻµ֣Ҳ˺ȻԹѩĹг֣αۡ
ѩһĳƮ⡣
ȴֻ˯еĹһӣ﷢γԣһơ
һƹɹۡ
һɼ磬һڣһ·Хֱ
һΪУܴᣬѩȻмȣһʼͱܿ棬Խ̫ʶɽһƣãֻʾܳĹ˹ѡ
Ȼˣڻһƺ󣬷˸Ժ˯
ڹѩ˵ʵ޿ģһ漼ǻĸˣԻ޴ʹԼĵزʹżȻʧ㣬Ҳ⣬һܳ似ĸ˵ֱִǲˡġ
ֻһɣƺܴʹˡ
Ǿ̲żʹ࣬ʹǿҵʹܵĵزȻһŲˡмҰˣҲһѹźźʹĸԴˡ
ѩˣҪǰ֮˾һˡ
һѵõĻᣬ˽һνǿУǾԱҪġ
֪֪ѣսʤ
ǰԿ͹飬۲ʵ˽ѻᣬǲ׶ģѩҪϸһ
ͣʯԱߣĿϵĶʮӡӣ۲ָд飬Ȼ״εȴʮ㱩¶˴˵ĲҰġ
ǶʮھۻʯΪӡӣ֮һ£ʵȴǲͬͬ˵㹦ͬ
ѩ𾭹һϸ۲֮󣬲Ȼһ̾Ϣ
ʹȻĴ治ʣȴòʵǾǣԼҲд˹žġӡڴ˼⾫ʯŰӡȴǲܴﵽԷ㹦;硣
϶ʹùѩͻȻǱޱȺ⣬ޱ
ȻȴҲ˶ĵ⡣Ϊһ˵ĹǳǾǿΩһƾ衣ʱʽµĽÿÿγʤ˵ҪأҲǲݷϵġ
ѩڽ棬輫һ̫һƴսδܾƽҪһᣬٴһʤܲɡ
Ȼ֮£Ȼǲʵˡ
뵽ź̾ϢһĿע˯еĹɷΪҷŹ㣬չģ֪ô
䣬ֻ˯Ĺֱŭ˫ﺬ߳һ˫ͬʩꡪꡪꡪꡪһơ
ȻʶµɱţϱһƣǿХƿջٿգһʵֻ¡У»ʯǽӦƶʯм׷ĽĶķʮ㾪ˡ
ѩбȣǲΪУֻĿöԷʵ˳Ծ
̫ǶڹѩĴǰиӡֻʵ̫ܹ˼һƣԲֻ˸۾һֵʯ
У޿֮ܣһĶʧһͷʵʵؿʯ֮ϣûһˤɾ˱ӣѪʱ˳
ءߡһʯϷ˰ӣȴֻеѪֹ֮УѪļȾǡ
ѩĿ֮£üǰˣԭ䲻ɱһȥ֮ľȻ
ǰһĿŶԷȴĲ̣䡣
֮䣬֮ʯ֮ϡ
ƺһƴȴΪѩץסӣָɣѵ˶Է񼡱һѨ
Ӳšһְ̰һԡ
һ䣬һ˹߳һ˻һɼļֱϮǰ
ѩ΢΢һû뵹ʱ˵أȻ˴Ƽķһ׹ֱǰһڹ⻪õıзɵ죬ֱѩͷз
ѩƫһƫ𣬵ָ繭һѰֻɵɿȴѿߺˡ
һ볤̵ɫֱޣݵĸͷǽӹǰǸף춷
Դ淵أէȻֵǰ龰ֻΪѩӺӣܲһַѪʯһ׺䶥ʱ˵á
ѩһЦ˵ͷãӺȶ˾ƣˣԼײ˱ӣΪֹסѪ
ף춷һؼһ˫ۣ͸ԥ
ţĿתɾͷЩˣɢڵƾ̳ӣʱˡ
ԭˡ
˵ĸ֣ף춷һ˫֣⵹ǳˣֻˣΪʲô
ѩҡҡͷͲضˡ
ף춷ɭɭЦһ£һս˵ǺҹҲʵ˶ԷԼҪ˵ˣֻҲմϣǹԹԵվţٶĺá
վſվţҲĿɭɭЦţݵ£ҹȻǹܲţҲ¼䣬һҼתҪٺ٣ش๫ֽ֮ʲôȥش˵¿͸ϡϵҵľ˫ôᡭ
һ˵ţ漴һߣɵϼһֻȿ˵ľ̳ӡ
ѩŷЩʢƵ̳ӣ״ʱһ̳졣
ף춷ſվ̳ҡһ£һЩʣµԣ˵ͷһͶˡ
ԭڴ˹űһ¾ƿ⣬вؾǧͣǵؽ֥ͥԤԴʤԪ󣬳ıһ裬벻ս԰ܣֱƣ಻ãֱգΪⷢ
֪Щƣԭңصصף֮ãˮʣ½ΪŨȴĴݼֻҲɣǰҲǳܲסˡ
ѩʱɾ̳ò뵽õĹűǳأҲ׹
˹űصǰҾƣֻһʱ̻תѹֻ֮˵ݷùǡ
ף춷ԭĶԷԼ¶֣òСദƬ֮󣬲ԾԼ֮࣬һګګ
ѩһЦת߳
ף춷ֻ㵵ش
ѩȻͣסŲع
ף춷ٿһ˫˼ơֹţСӣ㵽̲סˡ
ڹѩտտĿף춷鲻Խָֻԭ״һֵֺĸдӴѩĿһľǳ˾㵣ָдȻǰÿһεĿӴ֮ʱ΢ľ㵣ֻֻ˹һˣдܹԦԼ벻ڶȻð˵ڶˡ
ҹѩûԵĵ⣬ֻעĿƬֻ̣ף춷㽫¶ĳ̬˵ԴǰϥڵأһζԷηԼˡ
ˣ֮˿̣ݷãضڴ˵ҡ
˵仰תⲽ
ף춷ͷһ£о仰Ҫڣһʱ֮û˵۰Ͱ͵ؿŶԷӰһʧڳĺɫ֮䡣
صˤϵĻ̌䣬һ¶ͷϵĺ飬ͯٵҡͷ
һԣ׳ԶԶںľ̫ʦϴ
λؤٰľٶоǲ죬һϰˣˤϵĽϾѰ֮£׳侲ԴǴĿ⣬ĬĬش
׽Ѹѧ꣬Ȼûã˵ģҿȥˡ
Цһһֱߵ˰׳ϵǰȥѵûһЩʵնô
ȻС׳ʧֻһ׽ãľòˡ
˵׽ǳˣ
ŵĻ׳ҡҡͷԭǲӦٻʱϰģֻ˭㵱ĸûдá
̾һ૵ص˵Ӧù㸸ףӦö໨ʱϡڡ
ѵˣ
еˡ
㡭˵
ͯƴһ׳ǰǸҪˣֻڰ׳ϲ²ŭ֮£ְѾַ
ߡͯЦţⶼ㣬ҪңҲͺˡ
ʦţڸˡ׳̾Ϣţ˫۾гһ죬
ĳɾҲֻܵΪֹˡ
С
ͯƻŲɵ̧˽ȻЩˣҰļ󣬾ľʹΪֹ
úúýҡӦҵģɲˣһ
첻ˣ͵Ϊֹɣ
׳Įı飬̧ͷһϵ
˵ĲտʱǴӦҪһ£ڸ㡣
ôֱˣ
û䡣׳ҡͷ㡭
ң
̫ʵ׳Ϻһ̵صȻǲҲǲʵЩһ˵ĴɣѾ˵üˣһҲûиġ
ͯƺ޺޵̾һһʯ
Ҫôģߺߡ֪ǲˣΪӦҵֲ˼ƤԲЩ֮ʣ̾ˣҴ򲻹˼ңۣҲ١
ӣƫƫһڡˡ
׳ֱǺǾ仰ʹΪ֮һ
ֳʲô˵Ŀˡ
ôС
Ŷѹˡ׳˵֣ôúõֻˡѵ˵Ǳˣ
ǡǡ
ͯٵҡҡͷҪϴǱߣҲûʲôˣһߺߣҿ˱´ˣ֣Ҳδؾͼʤߺߣ㲻һ쵽˵ֻҪѧһͣƥ𣿡
׳ЩҲס˵û˵ΪҶɹûѧô£㵹˵
ͯҡҡͷЦҲҪҿһҲûУ˵ĳҵǿһЩֻϰˡ
ǣ漴ҹùѩ𣬱Ƚһ˵һ飬׳꾭һԲر˫ۣ˼ʲô
ͯ˵ʩչһֽķַԣŵĳֻȴϣǰ߹ңǲյӵģֻ£ȴչء
׳˵ж
Ͳ󣬿Ҵ󣬵Ҳ̫ࡣ
أ
һϷҲһò׼
׳Ϻһ·ˣ
졣
ã׳˵ʶǼѽʶպȻһʱҵ뿴ˡ
ͯƵΪ
׳΢΢۾ҵˣҵˣңŹ漫ϣʮҲû˵ֹʲô¡
˵һͷһҪһ
Ϊʲô
Ӧ֪õ仰׳૵˵һٵظ˵ؽӵҪ㽻ѣǲݴ
ͯƺһҪˣҪأ
׳غһΪ˱ǰ;롭ҲֻСѵ²ߡ
ͯ΢Ц˵˰죬Ҳֻ仰˳仰Ҿͷˣ֪Ƶ㲻ڱ֧ңǾˡ
׳ҡҡͷ˵ֻ򲻵ѵ顭֪ǿڽѷ˽ʮˣˣȥЩͿ¡
˵̾Ϣһ˵˵ȥֻԹ㸸ȥ̫硭ֲֵϣ಻òĲ
ǰͯһۣǾϻͯѲ֪˶ٱˣֻ򣬺һָ˫ڸ㣬ƫƫֵܶ
ͯһЦˡ㷳
׳ôΣʧشȷʵҲûа취ô궼ȥˣ治֪Լ̶꣬ټΣԼֻܻꣿ
ÿһ뵽׳Ͼ˵źʶᷢǿҵļꡣ
ź뼱굱ȻȻźûκȥھѾǰؤԼֵͯܣҲĴڣһֱ
׳Ȼ˵ӡǳ硢񲣬ʵȴǸϸ緢Ĳءǡˣֻϧˡ񲡱ӡȣĴڱ㲻Ϊӡ
׳Ǳ֡ƶᡱľ񣬲ǸлǰͯƣͰǻһԵضͯƵϡ
ʵأ
ֱһ죬Ȼͯƺ˲ûʲôĲͬһǻ漴ʧȻܵˣĴڣȽܻͯõˣ㲻ĺԶͯ⡣
ôڹ񣬴ǰˣˡķǳ֪
ͯơȻҹȥ˵Щô
ͯһ㵣ţҪЦ˳ȻϾԸ˺Է
˵˻ʲôȡ֮Ǿ϶˶һʴȰˡ
ţţܺ˰ɣͯЦЦش֮УۿԼˣе㲻ȥ
ǵ罣ߵ֮һ
׳Ͼ˵Ҳû˵֮һ֡
ͯЦͷԶԡ˼˵Ҳûеڶ˵Ľܸ߹ˣ
׳ϵĴ𰸾ǿ϶ġ
ǰɣ׳ϲǫصҵһ޵תõȥġ
ԶԡͯƴصҲǵһܰ뵽ͬʱõˡ
ˡ
׳ϾΪ֮һûбΪ֮ܵģȻǵã
ôǵãʲô˷Ȼ˭֪Ů⻹Ҫ˵
ͯԽ˵ԽҪվˡ
ƫƫ׳ֽͯɵ棬ס
˵Ů֮˵︺֮йŮ֮Ҳѵ
ͯεҡҡͷһҲҲ붮㶮ˣΣЩ书ܳʲôϵ
ֹǽ书׳ϵϣֻҪܿģģҲģ޲йأһŪͨѧʣˡ
ô˵ˣ
һûУһҪţǧȷģ㡪
ͯƲ˵꣬վһߡ׳ϲòֹסĻٵؿҡҡͷ̾һ㲻˵ȥ
ͯƻعЦڣҲ㣬Ժٸ˵һˣһӹŹֵѧʣЩվʵ޹ءȻҵֹһεĸңƾһˣ㴫ڸҵģȴ޵úܡѵһҪЩŹֵ۵书չ
ΪڹӶʵѧҲһʹ谭书򡣡
׳΢΢ЦŽӵӦ֪һǿߣģγ䣬ͨΪӦãԿ澳ܴŹâ
һ£ȥ˵ֻϧ˶õĲ࡭
ȥ޼ŵĴʼڣͨ״սһ֮ʣֱ죬ûܿɫܳ
ͯҡҡͷҲðɣ
ߡ֪ʲô׳΢΢ϸ۾ƺ˼֮С
ղᵽţ׷ƣСӦ֮ʮ꣬ҲʮӷɡߺߡⲢżȻģͬ׽ֳ࣬ʮȫͨΪʲô
Ϊʲôͯګګصʸǲֵˣ
ǡǡ׳ҡ׵ͷصԡԲִ֮Ҳ˵ף֮ɲףһͶожҲǾһľ磬ǾͲˡҸղ˵һ֮һںľٺ٣ǲܹ̤һ书֮ð¡
ͯ̾˿֪ûϣˡ
׳ϱһ״̫ȫھãижѧʣԶĲ˵;ټжһɣһֲȴģϰ䣬ŵгɣ
ͯƷһ۾ֻķݶ
׳ؿһۣƽΪԣøԶϰֻ䱾׷Դⶼǵӹ߻㣬ңмҪӸ֣ĳªϰǣˣʮ˰ɣ
ʮˡ
Щ׳˵ȴҲֻ̫컯ɣֻ;ͲסįǾƽһ޳ɡ
ͯЦôңҾƫҪƣ㲻㿴
ߡ׳˵㲻ʲôãɣһֽ¡
һ˵ȡССһֽͯƽӹһȻֻд߸֣Ʈˮ
ͯһ飬Цʲô
׳Ϻһ㲻Ҫһֻͨȫ֮У⡣쾲֮ٸҰɡ
ͯƵͷֽðɣղ˵ˡš׷ƣ⵱֮УɻʲôɫûУ
׳ϵôûУҼǵùȥ߹㣬㾹ˣָѩɽõķµĳƺУŵĽ̫꣬⼸ˣΪܳ
˵һ£ᡰһ
Ҳһһˡ
˭
׳ϴյϣһЩ
ֻˣûпɾͲ֪ˡ
˭
ܹϵӵˣȻ࣬ͯһġ
׳صţСܻܿҴꡣ
̾һ૵صҸղŸ˵ķ׷ơƺС̫⼸ܳˣΪһ似ȷ˲һ棬ҲΪǸ˽Ϊһ֮ʦԶֻҪŵˣ޲֪˵ȴһĬĬˣһ֮⣬ǲ֪ġ
ͯҡҡͷٵص˵˰죬˭һǲ֪
׳ϵͷսмһسû֪˶нƽ֮ˣֻϧǶã͸ɢˣʮһѶҲ֪Σڲ
ͯ룬ȷԼûôһˣҲʮְС
ǸղᵽһˣͯƵע⡣
ڣղᵽŵĽ̫ˡ
ţ׳ϵͷô
ߣͯƹһЦ˵һϢ˺ϡ
ޡ׳ƺ΢΢һģ
ϸһ֪д˵˼ӣɱںѾת桭
ߺߡô˵ɵʮֵСˡ
׳һ˫üƵƵգѣؽȥĺ书ߣǸǵǧ򲻿çײ򣬿ɾҪԴҪס
ͯƴһҵȻֻ֪ҲȴǷŲǣʱֽΣ
Ҳڡ׳΢΢ЦţʮصΪ˿ɻ֪
ͯҡҡͷ֪߲ࡣ
Ҳ١׳ϵųҪ֪׳ͬһУ򣿡
ͯƵûЩʱΪ֮Ȼ
׳ϵͷͬһкҪǶƸȻҷ˵֪ҵ˲࣬˵չҲ֪δǻ֮¡
ͯƵ˭չģ
׳ϵչǷᵽĽ̫ꡭȻϣֻǱ˴˶Ӧ֪ôһߣӦЩ棬ܻڹðǱģ˼ˡ
˵ȴ뵽һ£ҡһͷҲ˵ϾѲ⣬ͼıţǱģ֪ʱıԲߣҲ١
ͯô˵вʡʵ˵Ȼ׳Ϲ꣬Ƕλڣȴ֪ô٣ʵζԼһˣǧֵܣ̸λǡĪȻ֪Ǹʿǵôһ淨жͣȴ죬˰˵ɣֱ߲ɲ⣻̣ˣȴְ˵ǮֵΪλھܱλڴؤ˵ȴͬоӵķһ̫ϣǵ˶Բ²ĵزȻȻҲͶԶ֮
ȻһֵͬĺڳϿɾͲͬˡ
ڳ˵׳ͬһ֣ȴԶϰ׳Ҫö࣬Ҳö࣬书տı㣬ؤ޲ΪˣһȨ֮УƵͯǣڳҲԾӲѷ
ڳһӰ׳Ϊжֵǣؤĺ绽꣬ȴԺ߹ȣǵˣƺ԰׳дη塣ͬΪϣͬȴϣû˴ǳͬһŻѧԨԴȴһ£ڳǿ⣬׳ڣǿ
׳ϼǺΪڳȴǷâ¶ôһ׳ϱȻʧɫ
׳Ϊô
ǰ۲ͯƺôΪ֮ǰŻİĶͯƣйţ׳ͯƵİȫȻδ֮ǰѿ˶֮Ĳദˮݡ
ձϷùѩ֮ۡУ˺ܶʵõĶѩƴǲֻˡ
ȻǻʶӢۣһ㽻ϣȻЩףҲѩֻع۲
Σνѡһ֪ĵѵף治ǳˣҲܻһڽһϣѩ𱧶ȱģҲȥһô¶ԭ򡭡
һƣСˣģ˼뵽˷ĸĸظһ
ⱭΪ׷ãף䣬
׾ټǨСǼ㲣Ŀ⣬תˣ˻ȴ飬һ飬˼
ڶΪСǶףഺפһڡ
ڲ࣬ɲɵּˡ
̫һ֮ҲƫƫޣŲˡһιѩܸˣδ˭ܱ֤ڶεһǰԼ֮գеǰʤδѩУԣƣĬĬڴԼʤ
ƺƱٶǰձºܺãˣϯ˵θ֮ԣڹѩ޼ָҾѧ̸ɽܳ
ԭΪԼʶ㣬ֱȶԷ֪࣬һۼŷԷ˵ᣬȴ˶ۼ书ѧʣ䣬Ҽʶտ۶пϣЩжǱǰδţ˵ģܲо죬֮̾
һϯƷֱԵ죬ž˸ǣ˫˺֮ڣȥˡ
ѩ֮߱ԺУۿһ¿ɫֻøлһţ΢֣ƽռƣڹˮƽﵽһ׶֮ʵǧʹţ֮ܽھйɾǰⷬȵ⣬ȴҲûмǹϡ
طУɢ֮ǽ屭ɾҹ˲鷳ңʰ֮Ϩţȴ᲻»ɫɴ볨ŴϥϣֱϮϣϰɹ򣬵ǡúܡ
ȴ֪һ֮¡
ƽգԹѩ֮ʵʮ֮󣬼ʱصԪһȻ죬֮󣬷ǵûĸоȴǾñȣСλһ㣬˲ϢǴ졣
ͣȲףѩȻǿ򶨣ԽԽȣȻֻǷȶѣ˺ȴΪۣͺڶ֮Уһ㣬ֱ۵ùѩγϣ亹ֱ¡
վһ֪һת˫춯á
һֱѹѩ˸ɢ뵽֮дбŵġݷ缱ɢЧ鼱֮У˼ȥȡֻһССԸ಻ܴġ
ʱҧȫĪʹֻԴϻ
ϰľҵƽЯĸңȡƿССġݷ缱ɢֲԴ򿪣һֻһͷĿѣҲ֧Ųסʱ赹ϣ²ʡ 







 

  
ʮ¡ϸ߽¡Ͽһ 

һֻϸ𪡢޳ʶȵŮ֡
ִֻ˿ڹѩϻƶţָ⣬ĻķߣЩΪˮʪɢҷ˿һ˳ˣ£һľӢ쪸Եձ˳
ϰ죬Ϊˮۣһ࣬һ࣬ⶼǸղŻȥʱ򲻵ĵ˺Ūġһüҡҡͷһ̾Ϣ
ǵģϴСˣԼչ˲˿ۡ
ôţû
ɶԽС׵̿۴˿Ϊš
šĨţأ淢Ϊ֮ˬˡ
һССˣҲΪϸĵزһЩרΪε˵ġǧ͡
ǣһĹۿСƬɫ˺ۣΪ֮ʧ
ϣ΢΢ֳһ˿Ц̡
ϰҹʼڣ΢΢͸ôһʱ䣬һֱغǰΪѪѨ˳ѱ޼ɶԷע룬ֱԷԪӣ󹦸ɡ
һľȻʩ˵ףǾзڹ֣澫ͨҽ֮ˣһˣȱһ֮ˣ๦
ѩȻʮֵˣʹʧͨԾر˯Ƿﾲһ࣬ۿ⽥ҹڣҲЩˣ߰ɣȴЩŲ£Ҫȵת֮ʹô£úøһ´ٷˣɾ鷳ôһδεӣ
Ӱһ˴Ķáͷô
һȻڣôûߣ
ҡ̺
ò㣬߰ɣ
⡭ڡ
δֻ꣬һųǰ
ĶʱͷһæԺһ̺ˣȻ֪ӵƢһǿǲˣֻŵϱձɫһ˫ӣֻǹǹµµڶԷתͣ
˵Ǹʲôﵥֲܸʲô˵
ҡСΪã¡
ʲô
¡˼ҵĿ
ҡ㡣ܻػͷһۣҹѩأ˯УɾͲһ
Ժٸҹҵ£ɣҷҪ
áĶصүйա˵ǹκʧҪСġҵƤ
ߣˣ
һ˵ǰһھͰƤ²£
һ䣬Ȼ̽һֱֻ֣ŴĶץȥĶŵһǲ㣬ʱץ˸
´Ҳˡ
һץֵ¿治飬ָʱĶڣֻʹࡽһȴѱ

Ķŵûɢ֪Էĳ֣ɲģһˡ
ߣԲһ˫ۣҿǸ˵˺üˣ´Ҫٸ͵͵ĸңҵ£Ҫһα㣬ҹȥ
ַһףһǵ֮Ķټ㱻׳ɸ£ͷ½ϵֱ
һͷҪʵڵϣͷҲǻˡ
ṦͷڿͦձһŸĳͷϽ֮ƣͨأ˸ƨɶ׶ֱʹ죬ﻹһ̣ŷ˸ͷһһȳ˳
תطϷţתطѩˣţĿ⣬Լߴš
һﺬЦ˵ˣôһûУ
ѩһЩʱѰ˸ףƽɵĿִ˼ҵĴ飬ǵڶˣò
лл㣬ګګ˵־ҡ
ô£Ⱦˣǰɣ
ѩЦһ£ܺô
һϸüëһ£ɣǱסˡ
ѩ估ǰ˵ʵɲסһ
˵Ӧùң˸㣬ȻտֽһΪµġ𵤡ҩ԰ѶԿڡѨڣݲ˾ƣֻһ㣬ҲѿƣһǧҪס
ѩ̾һҾȻһ㣬͹Ԯ־
òſ΢΢Ц˵˵ȥȫڹտҪǻһˣһ޾ˣѲк󸣣ϲϲ
ѩЦֹϲҿǵܲ𣬹αȡЦǶȾɽȴ֪ôر޲
ˡҿɲԸЩм˫ˮ۾ѵôΪҪĴмϣرң
Ȼǣѩȴܲ
ɲء
վǰ΢صտһɺã
һ˵ֻعӣ۾͸¶صĹʡ
ܺáѩأ
ңһЦԶӡ
ʲôӣ
΢΢һЦʵúãһ죬һ죬һǧ죬ûʲôͬӡ
ѩͷԭˣҵΪǶɶˡ
ҡҡͷҿɲǡ
ҲҲöʣѩԲ˵
ʲô£
ֻǶе档ѩ̲ס̽ʵ뿪ָѩɽǧѵֻɽˮ
ͷһЦգһ۾˵ɽˮ仰ô
ѩžвЦЦھ̬
Ϊʲô
Ĳ֪
ﲻ˵֪
㻹ǺͿĺá
ͣһ£ع£΢΢Ц۾Źѩһְ֧°ͣбƤѩ
ȻѾ֪ҵĳȻӦ֪ѩɽõĹأҴеǲ͸¶κ֪ģһ㣬Ҳԭ¡
ѩҲˣ֪ǲ͸¶ģ
ʲô
˵ѩصʹ㲻˵ҲӦò³
һЦü΢˼˵ô
γɽǷ˷֮ʶԭ֮⡣ǣ
Цһ£δÿɷ
ѩ𾼾Ŀ񣬱֪г֮⣬ʮǰһΡشᡯʵѾʶµ׳־
һ˫۾һתһЦصǿ֪ĻأŶѽʮǰ㶼֪
ѩ޹أңҲٰ֪ʢᣬϸҲ֪Ϥ塣
ҳʶɣ
֪һʢᣬԭģ㲻㣬벻ȴһλǰĽ֣ǴʢᣬȻ;ɢûпɣǴζ㸸˵ǴΪʧ֮¡
ԭ
һ£΢΢ͷ±ض㸸׸ˡ
֪һλҴǰĴô
ѩһ˵λǰĵǰԪϺ¹ƮƼŲû˰ɣ
΢΢һ£ǹѩһֱڹƺϲ£ҲûиҶʣһֱǸţڱѩһЩ׹
֪ˡĲɵ˼ʲôصλǰѾ˰ɣ
Ȼˣˡ
Ϊʲô
ʵúáѩĲ֪
ȻҪȻҸʲô㣿
һֿȻĲ֪¡
ѩ΢΢һ㶣׹ǵʱֶιڶǷҺȻŮ֪ߺߣҪ˲֪ǼĪΪֻ죿
뵽ЦȻù֪ҲͲˡ
ƫҪʣ˵
ѩһôҾ͸㣬ƮƼǱ㸸ɱġ
һ΢΢ЦҲûʲôԿЩһûɱˣڣ˭أ
ⲻһġѩ𾼾˫ֱֱͫɱǰȫ£ֶιڶǱѰ
Ըꡣ
ѩһЦĴĻģҵ˵ɽǰԼ䣬ǰԶһʤܱ㸸ƫƫԼбȹ
ҵƢȷЦ˵ҪʤһˣһҪ˴۶أ
ѩһȥ㸸ϵԣȴǰڵԡ
ѵûԼã
ǵǡѩֻΪǰֱ㸸׵Ķ֣֪㸸ֱأϧܹԭΪһԳвҲˣ֪㸸ʢŭ֮£һԲϣȻǰ֮¹ʮȫɱǰһҲûзŹ
ԭ΢ЦʱЦˡ
أ
ǰؼ֮ĿŴһŲʹƫƫ㸸ǷţԼһᣬҪָ¡
￴һۣһЦ
ѩǰ޿֮£㸸Լ֮յָѩɽҵ㸸ס
ô˵Լˡ
Ŀ΢࣬ббشô˷ָһɱ¼ȴƫƫӣϣ赭дһʴ
ѩ̾һ㸸׹ɱҲˣѵһҲ֪
ЦشͷһͷشȻһৣҲƵƮ֮£򾱺
̬ⷬȷˣݡѩĿ⣬ŨصഺϢ
ЦشŶԷѩ˵ȥƫƫѩȴδõӡ
֪ô£ˡ
ٴνӴʱģﾹȻѾߣվǰ
ô£׻иûˣţһ˵裬˹ѩϣָŨڵķʲŪš
㣿
ѩǴ˵أȻ̧
һӣȻջ֣һ˫첲Цߡ
˫۾Ӵ֮£ѩܷذͷִ
ðɣҪ˵˵ɣЦ̬صء
ѩ̧ͷһνӴԷһ˫ˮ˫ͫɲסҡŲãתһߣȴһֱϮһд˵ǰδйһƽ
ףôֲ˵ˣ
һüëղ˵ƮƼָѩɽҵǺôˣ
ѩҪһδ֮˵̽ԷķӦΣӶ֪ԷĶ֪ȴû뵽ԷһĲɵӣȴʹԼĪƺһ˵ˡ
˫Ŀأ
ѩҲֻþʵˡ
ǰָѩɽҵ㸸ףʹݵ˶ֽʱλǰŷù࣬һȻѾһȰţҪ֮ǰǰȺۡ
һЦ˵֣ۿһ
䲻ۿһξǰ֮ڣϷ顣ѩЦһ£ѾǶǰһ£ҹ֮
ͷ͹֮ɣأ
ѩǰڵв㸸ѩɽ㸸סѩ񹦡֮¡
̾һô˵ˡ
ѩһЦ㸸״ĵطˡ
˵ɡ˵ȻΪǰ棬Цԣգһ۾˵أ
ֳ֪ǰ㸸ѩʤǰ̥δ裬ȴ˵õĿ׻
Ȼڵôҵɲأ
ѩˣֶθֻǰ֮£ֳᵶأһ˰ˣúòҡ
һ۾Լƽ֮󣬲ſѩл¡ҲһֱҪ֪ģ֪ˣֻǣҲףȻ飬Ϊʲôأ
ѩ·ӳɿ㸸ʶԭġ
˵ˡ˵ǿҪʤ˭ûУֻҲɡ
ѩͷ˵òǿ֮˽ֻ֮ǸΪĿģȡֶȴǴзֱ𡣡
һЦ˵Ҳֻ;ͬѣˣ㻹Ҫ˵ȥô
ѩˣҾԲ룬һιԳȻ־ʶԭ˵Ϊ¿ȷ棬֪Ҳǣ
΢΢Ц˵ǣδţأΣһʲô˵ĺá
ѩһЦˣϣҡҡͷվףҲû˵ȥ
ͷϣҶ֪ǻǸ°ɣңȰ㣬ñҵ£ⲻΪңΪԼãװɣ
ȻǴЦݣѩȴɭһ˿⡣
һ䣬ĿѷĽУֱӹʹظоɱ
⹦鼫ĸˣд֮΢˼顣
ѩһ֮£鲻Խ˵⡣
Ȼǽֻжʾ⣬һ񣬻һڵʶķӦеĵᡣ
ֻ۾֮£̲סЦˡ
Уѣɲܷ˵ǿûгѽ
˵ͷҡЦһٴδŹѩǲǣףʲô
ѩګګصͬ⡭һǻ᲻ΪˣȹҡҪٰǳΪˣʹ֮£
ġҡͷ㣬ߣΪôǲûгΪ˵ɣԣҿɾͿ㡭ô
һôǡǳŮӷǰһıʷ棬ȻྶͥӶʾʮ˵һ档
ѩҵȻϣᡭðɣǲ˵ȥмҲܸȤ֪֪ˣ
΢΢һЦҲ֪ˣ
˼ȻʾѾ֪ˡ
ѾѩګګصңǾҪټˡ
ô£
ɲסһּˣ
ѩͷصһԭ׾ٵؽΪ˴󺦣ƫƫҾȻݲġ
һü⵽ô£
ѩЦһµ֪ߣֻһҰ֣ȴвҪټһΣܸ
漴ڷϱ̫֮һξ˵ȷǳԾС
ȵѩ˵֮ĵطһ̾Ϣµһɵϡƽ޹ʵطŹһǧѷĻᡣ
ѩصѵ˵ΪӦ֮У̻֡
ҡҡͷǾںԼˣʼǣ˵ĿͬҲ׽ס׾ٵذסöġָ˺һ֮ôһҲͷǵĻɣȻڡȴƽ׵ʧȥᡭ
ѩЦҲıҴȴԸΣֻѰ
ԣҪΪˡƶһüëصҾ͸㲻һʲôʲôֶΣ֪һСˣұ㵱ȻþӵֶԸ㡣
ѩҡҡͷ̾ɷΪΪ˵ĺݶ飬Ҳ˵һСˣҪȻһ£ֻһˡ
һЦôΪȴǱģٴʱֻ»Ļʹ΢΢Ų㣬ٻ֮𣿡
ѩͷ
һʲôʱ򣿡
ѩ𼸺ѽ˵죬ڱסҡҡͷǰͿҪˡ
һ˵ߣӲֻ֣ܾʹ򲻳ˡ
˫ӣתһתΪʲôأһףΪʲô㻹Ҫȥѵ㲻ֺ֪ĶҪأ
ѩ΢΢һЦͷܿұɥڴˡ
ΪֻǺܿܣˣ·һѾһΣһξٶ顣
ҲٷŹһͿǵɡ
˵۾ﶸر⣬ʾľǿʤС
ԭҪ˵һЩʲôԷһ΢΢һ
İӡ似˵ǿߣƺɵ񣬸ײ⣬̫Ҳ⣬˴ֶһֹͬϰԡ
Ը
ȻһǱָԣѡʱ
΢΢һЦЦٺһЩ֮⣬֪ڼʹԼͼֹҲͽ档
ô˵ѾҪȥˣ
ѩ΢΢һͷʹϵڷһ˫ͫȻֿ⡣⵹ǰûעģﶯһ漴ƿߡ
ȻҾʲôҲٶ˵ˡ
˵ʱվŹѩˡ
ѩվ˵лл㣬ǾͲˡ
Ѿǰ֮£һ㣬ֽҪ㵱̡
ѩ΢΢Цѩɽ˫ֻ๡
Ц˵ǵǺˣټɡ
仰Ǻ䣬ֻȴδΪѩϤ
˿̣뵽Լᣬֻĳ˵һ˹ɱˡ
ãڴ˳ůĸо
ѩ̤ɽʱֻҰЦӭˣҰٺһƬƣ;ɱ֮˴ȴľ·
ǰʮɣһǰ˰𳣬Һɫߣ£⣬Ȼ磬һаš
ȻһǰĹѩ˵ͽȻӶδ
ε죬һڳһֲֻԾر˽ϡ
ѽ죬ҾҪһڳ̽ڣĻǾɱҰɡ
ԼԼ˵ţѪŭš
ͨͨ鱣ӣһսܲõѽ
һ뵽ͨǰ¶ѻɽʬ㲻ԽظΪ֮޲ǰһűչ֮ս
ƫƫǼõ顣
νⰲϳ˵Ľ޲ȡڡݡ֮Уʩһˣܵ˽֮ð¡
ѩȻⷬǰڴ˺ɽһɵϢĶ֮һɽ룬˹ű档
ͥԺǹˡ
ȥҶ
ѩһ˱ǰֻԷǸף춷Զͣڴ£էѩϣʱɭЦݡ
Ͽˣ˵ͽǴүϿһˡ
ƫƫͣף£ͷ·ɣ
˵֮䣬ѩ˽ǰǿף춷֣ǰЩʱҹѩ̹ڼҲøɫƣҪūŷ￴ˣ˸Ʊˡ
ԣڹѩһ̤֮ʱɭɭһɽԽϻ촦͸ֱף춷Ϯ˹Ȼһ£һ
ǣ
һ㯣۶͸֣ôҲ뵽ԷԼ֣ȻչصĹҪԼ֣Ӳ˳ɶǻɡ
Ǵ۶Թѩ۷ܻ̬ⷬ˿̱ԷɭɭĽһƣȻͷĸоʵԾС
ѩȻӺԷһūţֻԷͶ˹ƶˣһ죬˶ԷȦףһýסһʾ߾ͼɾ͹ֲԼ顣
ף춷Դ¹֮󣬲֪³ӽ̫֮⣬ǿֻǣǰλԼһλҲǴ۶ﺦ£ﻹŪʲô飿
ԭΪѩȻԼ֣ݺ֪Լǡ
ѩֻֻǽŽӣûаγ˼Ȼš
ף춷һ¼磬̯һ֣ʾԼַ漴ԹԵػ·
һǰһɽǽ
Хӹǰǹűڡ
ѩǰеף춷һ˹űǰ
ף춷һԣҼҴүǰԼȥɡ
ѩϷ飬һͷ
ף춷һϣһݣֻƤ⶯ţһֵ漴ְһ£ŷ뿪
ѩ˵ЩʲôϢҲϡ
طǰƵᳵ·ȥһ֮أǹضǰȺ漴ǰ̤
ǰ˵űǳռĴȻദ𣬼Ƿ棬ȴڲסȻơһڣ˱ֱĳǰ졣
ѩ·һ̤ϼһЦһűĿ
ǹôӭӭ
ǽ̫Ŀ
Ȼǰֻȴܹȷĳطѩվס˽Ųȭ
¹ϰݷãݴͼ
һЦµʧǸˣ˵ͽѾʱԼɣ
ϣɢķֻƾ⼸仰ѿʮֳԷ֮¯࣬շģϸ㡣
ƺڲѩı֮ѻɢķ
ѩһгӦһ漴һǰ泤ȲУһƫֱȥ
ֻùһߵ²¶ˣǰһֱƫ·ȥֺαطҪһ᣿Ȱ߱ĺá
ѩڶвǰУʮǰҰ֦ӣγ˰ϣһ̤ʱ͸оɾԼϮʱɲסһ
ùٴЦ˵·㲻ȥͶѩԭʱȴƫƫҪϣ͹ֲˡ
ЪáһҶ죬ۿԼ֦Ҷ࣬γһĿ϶ȻΪǿ͵ķȶ
Ȼӷķ磬ǷǸ˳
ѩ׵֮£ʱƮȴбȣֱڵϵǴһ׮˿Ϊ
ţǰӵķΪֻ֮۾Ҳͽһ
ǰһСƬ֣ϣǰһϳһյ֮⣬һʽŵĳӻɫĽ棬ڷ΢΢ڶѡ
ⷬ龰ԣѵܾˡһϮѩ׶ʳ£۵ǳ֮Ƶһī֮ͦг֮С
شԼһ£һͷؾȴںڰײβĳϣһ׳ӷüĿ򥣬ȷ֮
ѩ𳢹òԷԶı㶨˽Ų
˼棬ۺ졣
ѩһ仰Ҳ˵һֻֽڽϣ۾һգգضŶԷеǰȻֻ֪Ҫ˿⣬ͿԿɳ֮˷һ֮ʧ֮ǡ
Ȼһɴݵӣıŭȴ
һˣ
ˡ
ҺˡƤЦⲻЦصƽһ
˵΢΢ҡͷ̾Ϣһʾź
ѩ𾲾ؿһЦûд𻰡
֪Ϊʲôһӣȥ֮֡
ǣȴˡѩ𻺻صȻµľƣ꣬ңǣ㾹Ȼûϵʧߣ
ͷ˵Ҳǡ
΢΢һЦѵüһǧδ֮¡
ֻȴʱ򡣡
Ϊʲô
ΪǡǡǸʱߣҲʧ̬ұԴء
ȴûС
飬ϳ֮Σ
СǾӣ޶ɷ򡣡ŨüէɱصѾʧȥɱΩһĻᣬԺˡ
һЦȥӹմ˿̣ţ
ѩͷ˵пܣǲˣȴҪȹ֪
Ҫġ޳ָָǰĳڽʦҰͣʦϣһҲֻùߴΣδܹҵϣҲֻùΡ
һΡ΢΢һ۾ڽɳǰսʤġӡ٣˵ˣ
ѩϾصͷȻԷʾԼҲͲؼһʱ
ܺã㵱Ȼ֪ǽеһˣ΢΢һЦȥܲңˡ
һ۾üĿɱ֣˵ڳ¡
ѩͷ˵ȴһܲҵ飬̫ˡ
ЦһëһɽұȽĵڶˣӦ֪ëԿļѧ̫˫ˣһҵĽ¡
ѩ̾һͷɴ˿ɼݽ֮뻯ֻ˵϶ˣұȶʲôϵ
Ȼйءɫŵصڸ㣬ŲࡢҲܱĹʷһҲ⡣
˵ʱλվһֻǷվʱѰѸڰһڡŽյϡ̬΢ͬʱһֻż⣬ѰǸʱýİɶ
һɼ磬ֻڿֱڿȻת磬֮һȴתһת漴˳Ծǣԭеһֻյ龹ԭⲻڶϣǵ򷭣ڻвˮ಻
㹦ѩʡõģǾм侫տڹٸԻԪһ֮ãʩΪ
ھȷ䣬ܰɹõ죬Ǿ֮
սһչ޺ƽء
̫ճһ˫ž⣬һȻɱ
ѩνɣ
ѩ΢΢оЩ֣ԷȻضԼ˳ƺȻζŲʲôͷνֻϱɱ֪֮޶̶ȡ
ѩѹذϻг˳
ڽżҴɣ֮һ֮Էǿڡ˿ѷɫ
νۼˣʿʲôȴεˣʲôȴεĽƺĶɡһ似ƽԲһϺõǿֻ֮·
ԣֻ뿴ı֪˵˵֣°˾Ųʮ
׼ˣǰѩɣһչʶĹʱо衣
ֻü΢ףƵƵͷˡûв´ʹõڽ߿֮һġɣ
ѩ𲻵òԷʶˣ֮£صһͷ֤ʵ
ԭöԷԼŻڼΪԷϳгѡ
ȻŹ㷢һЦ
ֻ֣Ȼصô˵ԭŵĸʿ
ʧʧ
ѩ𲻱ϣͷֻѿͽ̰ɣ
ڣн˫֮£ǰٹֱ첻ٽ֮ʱֻջˣؽһ̣
ŶŴ֮ơ
ãһЦŽ׷ƣҾ֮ϣһᣬϧ벻ڴˣȻ¸֣ҲǻԵѵõˣϻ˵Žɣ
٣ѰгִС
ڽȻϳΪֻͬǿϸխָϹ⻪ף羵棬һߣʱХ֮ˮһ棬ѿɲϬ̶ȣ˵ĺһڱ
֣֮£һ佣ǴƬ⻪ԽϷ׷̵ۻҡ
ֻŽһֳҷһƲŻ
ѩԭ֮һЩžǶԷܵúܣǿһЩŵ
ǰң˫ʩչ񶷣һεȴΪֻͬڳϹ⻪Ȼ˾ǰѳ֮ڽ֮ϣɭɭĽΪĳֳ⡣
ϵĲ֦Ҷڽĳ֮£ȷ׷ɢһɢϸС룬ԵֵĻֻһ֮£ȫˣҵжԵ˫㵱Ͻңһڹ֣һֻڱ˴̽ʵԱʱ롣
ѩƶ˫ţ΢΢һȡ
һǡѩһһһԭ
֮󣬹һǰƳϵĳƽִţǰƳ
һ˿ʵںۣ˿ûо֮ǵԾˣֱ˷˼ĪΪ˻Ľƣ˵ӡǼȲˣԷΪ콣ֺνԴʧ룿
Ȼʵȴˡ
һ鹦߰£Ѱ
ŹƳĽĽ⣬һƬâ׷ɢ
飬ɭɭŹĽֱ֮纮Źݳĳֱѩƽ
ĵط
һľͷˣһʯͷˣ㵱Ȼ޴ᣬȻΪѪ֮ˣܿɾͲͬˡ
ԷνǡһεļѹŹѩ£ֱлᣬֻ΢һƶ壬ǼƶԷĽ棬ʱĸӦƴѸڷѣڸд΢ÿڶ֮ȣ˷ʤܶϤȣ֮ǰܺڶԷĽ֮£ȷʵʮ֡
ѩȻףԣڶԷѹ֮£ʱ̬һҲ
Żذѱڹ͸ɢ
ͷŽȻй֮ߺߣԻŽ
ѩ֮£Цȴδ˵
֪ѵҪͷֻҪһڳܿйԷҲ˳ĻᣬԼĹȻþͿʹԷֺ֣αöԷ⣿
ƫƫͲɳ֮
ХӹУɢҶӳ֮£ҡһƬıӰ
˫أڽ֮С
ʩˣԽǸиԽһԳ֣һΣҲԽ֮Уڳֵĵһرӣʲá
ΪˣǰĹѩ𡢹ŻԵأٳٲϳ֡
ȻʱţֵʱҲԵýȣƺܹȥˡ
ѩ۲ãȴʼҲ׽סֵδЩ
ȴһֻŵӥһֻŭӥڿУѰϵʱرԶסģֻһֵϵʱԥ֣̳
ǰĹ֮ƣԵôšһ֮󣬱㽫Ǽ籩ŭΣһʰ
ڲ֪£˫Ѿ任һλá
Ȼгէֱ𣬹ѩҲͲٳɣһֱϣϵɣҲ¶ϣһбȣһ糤ձ磬β⣬ֱŹϰնȥ
̫һһٿذοն
ǰһѩֻһյеʽĿշԷһӶпżȥһ֣ʵڡ
ǰһȷǾĶǡ
ѩ磬粨ۿŹѩ𻮳Ľ⣬һĻһغХ˿ȥӣȻܹ׷ŶԷĽƣһ״һһէһţֱѩĽȫ֮󣬲֪һ˿С 







 

  
ʮ¡˷軪סҩ 

ϰӳһƬĿ׹⣬ȥ޹ǣŹѩĽƣΪ״׹
ѩһ߿֮£һ
ʱ˿̣ĺȻŭΣȴһʰ
һöͻȻӣʵһԲȦȻ٣磬һٹ˽࣬ʱ߱ܲ
һ䳤磬Թһƹ⻪һݵǰһػûΪνӰһҶֱŹѩ
ѩһʧ֣֪ȴû뵽Է˹Ī⡣
ǰƣвֻʵӲ֮һ;
һ֮ˣнһӳֻáǺॡһ죬˫֮£ѩ˶Էһú󵯵ٵӳ
һ죬Ҳһ
˫ĵѩŸоԷʵ˵ıȻ⻹ΪȴһɭɭĽֱѴ̶
Թѩ֮ĩһȻܷһ֮£ɲסһ亹
Σһ˲Ȼ뵽žʮӷɡоһСﲨڽһ˲ػӳƣֱԷĳϰȥ
һȻ⣬Ϊ֮һ
ƽӴһһ
ƺͽЩ΢ѩҰհڿһٵļдŴƬǴ֮ɿ⡣
յ˼㡣
֮ĹѩûΪԷˣȴҲŵɫ԰ףһֱ֪ͨͨԷǵһ⹦ˣǰֽۣȻԼ֮ϡ
ԭڱĽӼߣ벻ԷһӴ֮£֪ԼȻǶԷĵ֣һǻؽ㣬֮ɥ£ԸӵزһʱֻĿԷá
ǰӰǰ
ҼˣŵġʮӷɡȷǸ֮ҼȻҪҳʶ
һ٣гѾ¡һƽȣж£ֱѩͷ
Ȼѩǰ֮ȴ롣
֮Уһעڽ֮ϣӭܶԷĽǰһһֱŹʺ˹ȥ
ԽĽУȷ֮עҪ˵ıΪϹ⻪մһЩҲǺġ
εȾ֮ˣһвһ
νһƴѵ˵һƼˡ
ǰѩۼ˵ãԼֻ²Ƕ֣أ˵ҲʹƸ۵ľģȫǰһۣԽһѰ಻òʱرܡ
ڽڼһཻӡ
ֻ΢һʽӡ
ֻ֮ǽⲿλʵһ֮ķΪǿͣ˵ӣӰڷɿ
ѩסһͿڿһ
һ۶ϡ
һʽ㣳飬쵽˼㡣
ԭѩĿǰȻδȫϰʮַལȴҲͨ룬ǰһǽ֮С֮һС
Źѩһֻ֣һȴһ콣꣬Ȼ٣ʹùȫ£ڽ긲֮С
ʹԹ֮ˣȻȽ֮£಻Ϊ֮һ
ȷʵй֮
ŹѩĽƾͿһһ˿ڳڵһ䣬Ǳ쳣ıСǱһƬ֮ȷм׼֣ܵǣȻʩչȻէֱ볤ºΪһ壬ŹѩչĽڿһĲƶô͵ĽƣȻȫ˿С
ŹѩչĽƣֻһƬ׹ȴԷѩ׳µ°ڣն˰ƴСһƬ
ȻΪƴ˵һȻʧˡ
̫һЦСӣɣ
쵽ԸӣʹԹѩǵȹ֮ˣܿ壬һĳƣŹΪһǰ֮ƣнҲƵֱ˳ȥ
Ǿ׵һ
һƼĽ磬̶ֱֱȻƽȵһȴѶʱ䲿λ׼ͷϵ޷죬ֱиɳˡ
һֺĶֱȡԷࡣʵѴĻǵһУڵóѡ
ȻյĽȴʧ
Ľ⣬ڴжԷѵһԭӦǡۡһʵȴˣ֮ľ粦ҡȻһ
ǿڳǵδܽԷϴ̴˻
ȻڶԷϳ֮ڣ塣
Ϊ֮һѩɲסΪ֮ųһ亹
ȻѩףҪԼﴩһ໤ıסǰһһغ
ڶԷһͣȻŻ׵ķ֮Էⲻ٣µľпɹۡ
ʱŹ֮£ѩڿֱһ˵ӡһڹϵһǽڹѩһǰѶԷĴ֮ɾ
ݵùѩ䶨֮󣬲ĸоȻվһͱڵǰ
űԭͽڸɽۣ֮գֻռ󣬴ڣᣬ㱤ԲͬԭŹűܣֲ򣬹ѩһ𣬱㳬Խ֮⣬һǿڲ࣬һ£ǽάȣѡ
ԭһԷȴû뵽ԷϾлıףʱ룬һ֮󣬾ʹԷӹл֮
ȻǾܾʹ˸ıŹ˶ԷЦһ𣬡
һһɣѭŶԷ֮֮⡣
ѩ̱±סһ̴棬ʱէӰζԲϷŹԼȷ־ŭХһ㣬ಡнӴ̵һâն£һҡֱն
һڹѩ𱯷ģǳȫĽ֮£ʹòΪ֮ʱˡ﷽ܣѩѶ۹ƣһХֱš
ŹѩͶ֮󣬹һεĿ±ߡ
ĿֻϼƬƬԲãã¿ڷֱóԷһЩӰ
һȻǳ֮⣬ǰܳṦڹѩͶ֮٣Ҳǲ˼飬ѩȻֻ·һ
ȻȴֲܶȻж룬һʱǰȥ಻ߡ
ﲻ֪ȴûκһǰѩͷʹһĿעϼڵĶף಻֪Ǳϲֻ
书ߣĿĺ³޵һԪ֮⣬ûһ˿۾սʤң̫ʢ֮£¸һη֮£һ֮ˡȻһ䣬ѩ˵ӰӣȴһӰ
һֵĸдʱʶ϶ѩ˻ûȻǼ΢С
΢Сǵ㡣
˵úã˲оȡ޻ʵ֪侳ߣᡣ
֮ѩ龪ʤǱӵû֮󣬻׷ž֮£ֱ˼λãʵȴ治ʵ
ʱη̫죬ҲôɷѩͶµһΪֵ¼һ֦Ṧ裬Խ㣬ǿڲҲͲ˼漴Ͷ䡣
ãݵӷ䣬ǿò֦ΪסԺĹȻϸעӣȴ࿴һЩߡ
Ǽ棬ܣʵȴҲ̫ѡѩЮܳṦڹţһ·ʩչڻǽľƽ絶ͱڼʵǰԼĪʱ˲ƫ塣
ݵϷͷ棬žȫ˶һ㣬һûˣ˵ͷƫһ㣬ֻٸ߳ǡ
ڵ˰ʱָһЩԼ⸱ӣҪĲֻ࣬ƶദĥƣ·Ǿ͸˵ˣټʪܵĺˮۣմǷݵԣѾˣɽҰҲûע⣬һźɽߡ
Ϳﴵһ͸ĺ磬ѩɲסһ
ݴԼ䡰һʲô˲Уѩһ֮£ذγ˳ȴֻһӰ龹һֻɽǣһĶȥ
ѩɲסգһӴ̾ϢһŰǿɣС
ԼԼ֣ŵѩѽѩ㱾ǲһĽһԸߣ벻꣬ɥҹˣǶŵʱ˿һֻСҰҲŵľȥֻ½ĺҲѩ֮ˡ
˵˵ţֻһᣬ
ҹ½죬ʱˮʪı˿̸һϮԽӵĲζټ϶ദΪʯƣϮ£ֱǵһ㡣
ȻʹȴĵĴʹøͣһɽʯ֮ǰһиܶ·Ϊ֮ͣٶľˡ
˵ƽһܴܵ裬뵽֮޲þǰʯһͷײˣͿγ˳ӭʯһ󼲷ʱʯм׷ɣһƬµʯмǱҰ
ҲƵķйһӣԸڵشϢѡ˷й̹֮һЩٿнأȻͿӲģȴ뵽Ƿ˼İʱ侲òۣСĵذѽĨྻϸϸ۲һᣬƬˣҴϾͬһ㡣
뵽˷֮£ңԼǰûдǼıף˿ϱ˶ԷĽ£ߣͶ֮ʱûпϵǿùɣһ̤֮£ܻڣȻڤڤаš
뵽Ķ𣬰ҧҧֻҪԼձɾһҹһʤ
ôţԻʣһɽȥֻһԶǹӰǷ˫ȶʱЩ̡˿ΪһĻĻǰӹ뵽˶Էкһģأɲס¡
䲻ƹǰԸˣĿĺǷ书һ磬ȷʵ׷˵ģһ뵽̫ǰ֣ȴܲ۷
ԽԽӵؼ׳־ֻһεΪԼԸԴΪһҪźݣ̹ˣ֪صŵĿջ
Ƴϣջѩ⸱ʵڼˣƵ˺С룬źԼľסԺ䡣
ϲÿһξסջɷ£ҪҰžңһԼΪӱĳǰסطȡССԺֻ侲ңǿŵģѩռסһ䡣԰ɫҲһ񾲡
ȻƺҪʧȥˡ
һ̤ȵʱطԼһͷھȻ˾סˡ
ԭ䷿Ӵ˿̾ŵơ
΢΢һ£ﲻǵõʱ˵ãﲻͣԼԸึЩǮ벻ȴǱԣԭȥѰۣһ˿֮ǽģʵǼˣ̲˵
ţط˽ŲǰС
һŵ΢͹͸š
ʱһ̤Ժǽʱ·ɪ֮ƽҲû⣬ڣʱٴʱαԲͬԭԼλھӡ
Ūɪ˸鲻Ƿ֮էʵĻǴϣţʤ
Ŷѩһվۣʲôˣд˹裿
һ֮ˣ㲻ʱԹ֮Ĵһ룬ǰ޲ֱãҪʶʶǺε
ֻڣȴɱһԼļįв֮ģҲͰˡ
ƣһϴ֮󣬻һ׸ɾѣ泩١
ҷʿϲˡźйϵһʼţڴ˿̵Ĺѩ˵ʵһǡİ
бžԭӦ˼˯飬ȴڴõܡ˯ˡ
ɵͩľ٣βԴ˶ձнչչ񣬿ۣ򵥣죬ʿٶ֣Բһﷻףֶԣ߱ص֮ѣӡ
ѩڴ˵Ȼ㲻һ֮ȴҲÿð£˵һ֪ΪˣէȻƮٵоСϲƽĶۣԷڴ֮һ;ȴǽϺԼˡ
ǰȻɪܣνٴɪΪ߶࣬ɪϡٶɪ߸ӣ˱ؽ٣ֵɪһһν֮ԢڰɽС̡֮Ҳ
ȥ壬ѩ𳣼ĸ˫ɪǲ̾ΪֹȪ˵
ţɪµΪɪƫߣ㽫ֻȡģ֮ǣɪǣͬӦ޼䡣
ⷬʶѩ˿ɪΪ塣
Բ²ֻһ˶࣬ǶϣΪͬ϶ָһС乴ȥһ乴سȥһδҡĮɳѹѩɵˡ
ΪһĮɳҲĸϲӣʱԽӵĸеУոĸ˫ϴʱʹ̾ΪֱֹΪ֮⣬ǰİ˵裬ǽĸһ㣬ֻϵۣһһ븸ĸһ㡣
߸ԼȻЪνɪϣɪеôˡ桱ߣʵ
ѩ̲סѿڶغʡ
Գڣҵɪֹһָһתʹ˴סȴøҴһ߳̾Ϣʹ˹ڼž
ѩǺڣֻԼһʱˣʧɫܻ˼ˣһ̾ϢΪ˶Ҫǽ˵ϼǸĻֻͻ
ˣҹˣ˵ɣ
ôţȥ˵ƹ⣬˳ڿһۣȴֻĴֽӳһٳ׵ӰǴҴһǷĵƹϨˡ
ѩ淢ؾȤҪŹϣֻһŮӵĿ˵ţ
ӰӰһһӰǰֻһۣѩϳ˭

ңһĨЦչڷϣǸôãҿԽô
⡭롣
һЦڡ
ѩ߹ȥ˵ơ
ãѵˣǲ̫ϲġ
ѩͷ¡һ̸ʱȻںڰ֮УȽҹˡ
󣬾ȻûѲк󸣣ϲ
˵ʱһ˫ǡڰ׷Ĵ۾ϵתһתǳЦŵһͷ
ãֻ˼ƤЩ˰ˡ
ѩֵص㶼֪
ţ֪Ĳ١Ǵһ˿ص΢Ц֪˹ӱȽ˵¡
˵΢΢һ۾Թذһۣȥұ龪æһ
æһ
ѩһʱŪͿˡ
ôǣ˵ҵѶصشżˣѡɽһӺңӰҲûţһǲġ
۾תһתԹ̾һֽȥǻȥԺһʩչṦͱ˰졭ȣǿˣһҲˣɽֶͣվŵĵطҲţԼڰڼм˵ӷ𣬺ôҪҲϾͺˡ
ѩ΢΢һЦڲסĸм֮顣
˫ˮ˫ֽͫɨһۣһȥôˣɾûǼȥûӾͼ˼СʯͷӶҷһ˰Ҳûлɼ㲻棬ʧػ
һ£һֻ̾ˣһѾշؿջһ׶༪ˣҼˡ
ڹѩӡλﻹ˵ô໰һϲһԾȻϣֿ˿
˵ҼˡǾ仰󣬺ȻﲡɲסЩɹѩעͷתһߣҲٶ࿴һۡ
ѩЦлĹػ㵹ûв´ҲҿǼžңֻЩô֪ģ
գһ۾ΪҪ֪ŲţֻҪҪ֪飬Ҿһ֪
ѩҲ̫棬仰һҲǿʣǳλԡָѩɽ㲻Ϊ֡
ɷŶԷ˵ĻƲ⣬ѩѲ²⵽ĲįƺѾۼ˲ˣٻһ˵˵λշϡ˵ĸ˸Ըʹκ£֪ȴδ֤ʵʱɷȻɷнˡ
ʲô
һ˫βӣֱֱע
ѩҡҡͷ˵ûʲô
ᷢһ̾ϢԵؿҶɽȴÿһ𣬱źֻһΪЩ¡ȥǸΣԸܴﵽ־Ըźá
𡭡鲻ԽصͷЦˣӵЦ̧ͷԺ˵Щ˺òã᲻ģޣҲһ㻹ˣ˵㻹Ǹģйأǲģ
ѩҡҡͷ˵Ҳ̸Щǰɣ
ǿá
˷ܡ
һ˵ղŲ˵ҪҶʲôڻˡ
Ҳ֪תʲôͷֻһϲԽӣüۣϲεӡ
㵽ԸⲻԸ
һ֪ʲô¡
ѩεӣȴѲ³ʲôˡ
ҡҡͷֲ֧صһ˾ͺ;ˡô£ҵСҲϲ顭̫Ұ˵кӣֻ֪˭أ
һ»ˣҿˡ
˼ѩ˵飿
ˣ˵֪ϲѧ
⡭
Ը⣿

Ը⣿
ѩګګǡ˼
ĸ˼
Բˮһ˫۾εص˵֡
£ҵúú롣ѩ΢΢üȴҲܾܾ
ֻ۾Կ֮£һǣһһɴĻɡ
УǲУ
һӦɣɲһһϦ֮£ܾɣղﻹ˵ҪֵԷʱԼˣֺˣ޳ϣ
żһӽţţôˣӦ˰ɣѧ㲻ԿһùƤô
ѩڵͷЦ̡
ãǿ˵ˣԺҾ͹ʦˡ
ǿɲҪѩһüôһǱ˩סˣҲסܾá
ģҲ㣬㲻ߣһأֻǿˡüֻǣʲôأֻ顭
ѩһЦЩ㵹ǲطģеǡ
ﲨһתûЩʲôط
ѩָһͷˣϿΰɡ
һӦˣǴ۶￪ģ͵ɣݶÿ˫ţӣĺţ˫գʱɲ˵˲Ӵ
ѩ룬ͷá
Ÿ˵վһµҲˣҴһЩҩҲõţ㡣
ѩҡҡͷ˵һЩƤˣ¡
ǿҲһСβãȵŧɾ鷳ˣӲġ
˵߹Źѩϡϡϸϸţﻹһءţ˷塣
ѩʶˡ
ǵõһСʱλǾ˵ܳšԺҶȼ棬ѿɼ¸Ҽ㡢֮һ档ٶȽ֪಻ʧ棬ɼһ˵ԣ̿ΪңȴΪ񡣼ǰλ˵ег룬νɾŴԡ
ֻôţ˫鲻Խرڷϡ
ʱȫֻǹעڹѩϵ˺ۣŽƵҩþӨָһЩȻĨڹѩ˴һʳָĨ
ЩСʮֵ棬ôϸֱЩʵҩ࣬Ĩòһ˿ۼ¡
˫ľȻıӽˡ
ԭֱ飬СڵˡɹѩһˣƤƸۡ
ȡࡡﻹа
ָĨ̴ᴵｿǰʣӶ˽˶ԷɢѩϷţ΢΢ɢŹӻŮҷ
ѩ鲻Խؾһӷȣƫƫ˶Է۴ľ֮ϡһĻңĿӶˡ
Ҳư׵ľϣŴϸᷢһĨŨܵᷢڷŮҷȪԴͯڻ䣬Ǹӡ
ᴵһ²ҩ˴ʵʹ
ѩѷԼΣɵӰҡһͷ
Ȼ䣬Ũڸǵľһ룬ģģɷһϹĺ춹
Ҳˡ
㻵ˡ
ʩԷһƣƿӡ
ֻ۾Ӵ֮£ˡ
ͨͨߣѪ´š
ҹˣɳɳҶOO棬ֻͻͻðţÿһðĵƻమĶᡣ
ˣۻˡ룬룬ԡ
ֻ۾أԶţ
µơ㯡룬ټ϶Ľҹһ乴棬ŭ졣
Գֵľӣرˣ
ϮʱŨüէչĿ棬ſ󣬳أܰѼܻˡ
㡭ˡ
̶֣Լ˵ķһĨЦ
ͼƫƫģҡɢ˵ͷҲƵ
ɱҴ򡢸ҰҺޡ޶ġҡ֣ǹдգǰں
һһ߹
һ˫󣬼ѩϣסΡ顱סˡ
סţǰһ˫
Ȼѩ£Ѽ
ǲܡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊ
ҧ´ҧѪ
Ϊʲô
ֶֻôһӡ˵ֻĵĲ񣬲ܹʹս
ѩʶظоԼǷˣȻȴܰء
ĵԽݶʱмƬҶ㡣
ѩ𼸺Ѿˡ
ǡ١һݣ
һúͻȻò֪Ȥ
bһ֮£ŵһָڵ
ڼ˵˵ӿֱƵͷȣһףһ֮£ط˿
һ֮䣬ȴתһ硣
ȵĿﻺ
ѩȻ亹죬һա
ඥУѰʧȥ侲ͻĴ档
ԽڸڣǷ˫ɪͬһˣָֻ֪ͬһˣٵнܳ֡
ѩһڸһݣȻʹԼɴɲסմмҲȻָ侲ߡֻǰٸнһ磬شͷ㷢ƣҷѰŵ棬ڹѩϧ
㣬ðɣ
ѩ˵һ仰
ţܺá
ܵͣͷĳˢ˦ϴһĨΣɬЦ
ҾȻˡګګ˵ղ֮ǰˣֻ㵯أ
ѩҡͷ衣
˭أ
˵ʱվ˷š
ѩȥԭָȴſһȻֹסˡ
ԭϨģһӳֽϵӰûп
΢΢һЦһ³ˣҪʸϿεӡ
ѩͷʾ֪
ӰΣһƮ֮Ծǽ
ɫʾֵʣеһֻǰƮ룬ͻȥˡ
Ҳ̫ˣѩһѾˡ
Сϴˮ̺ϴȥ֮ʣѩס˿ˣ
ţɲ𣿡СһЦ˵ǰ̫ү
˭ǰ̫ү
СҡͷЦ˵һֻʶأ
ô£
λ̫үˡС˵ÿ궼һأסЩӣÿһضһסԺ˼ϲָҪס䷿һȴռȣòˡ
ԭˡѩһЦи󵽣˭ұأ
仰¡С˵˼Ҳֻýסˡ
ѩλ̫үǵһֺ٣ʵѵá
Сһ˫ۣЦصǿǣŻ֪λ̫үˣʫٻ٣ûм˼дһֺأǸӰǿأ
Ȼ֪Ӱλǰˣһ˿ͼ£ʢ֮£֪СҲ⡣
⵹Ͷ˹ѩãʵΪ֮
Ϊʲô̫үʲô
⡭ҿɾͲ֪ˡСҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ƹҲ֪ʶ˼ҵĶôƺ
ѩԽӵĶԴĴ档
Ǹʲôģ
٣˼ҿġС˵һһεͷ˵רֽī⡣
ѩͷһˣʵô˵Ӧúͱˡ
Сһ£գʵү
ձͷϵĴ֪ܲڹѩôֱүЩ֡
ѩ췢Լһʣ̫үϲʶүô֪
ֳ˼лСȥ
ѩԼʰһ£˳һȣԼȷʵǲһЩζڣר̰ݷλ̫ү
ȴʧúܡ
ԭλ˼Ҹһͳȥˣϼһͭţи͵롣
Ŵǽྻһ氫ϼҽβҹ˼ǲ֮
ѩмңһ۾ͿǼܹٵ۲ǡԲݣ׸βɱ˫ɡ˵ǧ𲻹ɶõǰ
֮Է˾Ȼ÷ţҲ±˼Ǳ͵ԣȻǵĴ֮
ѩתݣȴԶԶطһԣתʱֻһ۳ߣԿԺӣһ·
һֽѩԷһһ֮¼֪䷿ӵĿˣҲԼݷõĶ󣬲ϸԷۡ
⣬ǰƬԺ䣬Եý񳿵ѤɰµˣƮƮɣͷһ
𩷢ףüϸۣĸͷֱֱͦţȴټĶֳ̬ŵģ߸߾£ǸİĳȰ׺ףʵںܻѩȴȡЦǰ˼ŶԷȭһҾִ˺֮
һװҩǸմҩӻ
ѩһʹסˣһֳֻŹĳ°ڣƵƵգһ˫ü£ĴŹѩ
ҵֵǡ
ӺܴĽζڶͦʡ
ѩҹ壬ãܰ˸գδգǡ
˺ǺЦ
ȴ̱֣̽һֻгָ׵ֻ֣һƻ׺ϻš
ҵҵ̸̸
˵ǰУҵǰѩԺϣֱֻ̽ڣ˰ҳԿף˷źЦŹѩͷ롪
ѩ𹰹֣롣
˻ţҩϣָһӣԼ漴
ѩλ̫үǲˣҲǱúãһЩɫܺãһֲֻͣشһīңߴǶԺҿҪһȻ࣬ϰ꣬ڹɼˣָϵһֻͬɫīָ໥ӳĵȤ
λ˼ŵӣƺҲʱǰƶţһ˫ѩ׳üƵƵգѡ
ѩ֣ȴ˼Žǰزλعһţ£ǲʲôʲǺЦСҪֳԵˡ
һ˵ţһֽһȴһֻʴӶһֻʴ̽һССףһֻɫС
ǺȥСһߣͨë͹ȴھ֮ϸ׵һȦëէȥǴһöɫȦʮֶˡ
ࡰīѩţȴǵһο֪ϵطһҶ໿ڵߣÿѱΪ֮ĥīֽһдϣʣ֮ī֭ʳīϲʳīÿܽʳ丵βʣΪʡ²٣⣬䳤ɰĽС๫Ϸ֮Ƽϣ鷿ˣӾǰ㽫֮ڣ꣬δš
ֻССīｫ֮Ҵҳ꣬ɵؽлһ漴˼ϣˣ
׷漴ٲֻһ˫Ϊӡѩ𣬵ͷһ죬˵һλ๫ռסೣסķӣ˵Ǹϲ徲ϲΪ˴ţ಻ʶȤˡǺǡ
һ˵ţɲԺǺǵЦ
ѩһסǼ䷿ӣͻҪ
أء׷˻ֵܺãܺã˵ס˼죬¾Ҫˡ
ѩ˼Ҫȥ
ޣǸˣһγ˰һЩֽīӻ֮⣬ʱ䣬ҲȥһЩѡ
˼ҼҾ
ޡԶ˼Һ΢ЦɽԶ
˼ҵĿȴǽϵط
Щ΢΢һЦ̧һֻ֣ϰߵźӣǸˣʱ뿪ң꣬Ҷ;أһסʮꡭ񷴵ˡ
˵ɲסǺǴЦЦ˼鲻Խطһ̾Ϣ
Сģһ˫ӣϻţҲǱ˰ϱİɣ
ѩ΢΢һЦͷ
˵ļ硭
ǡ
Ҧɣ
ף˼֪
Ҳ˵𣿡۾Цó죬ҼҾسǲԶǸط
ѩ𱶸еصԭ˼ǺˣǲҲҦ𣿡
ѽ˭˵ǣ
˵˼ĴȺǺǵشЦǵصѽ
⼸ЦƵʮ㣬䣬ֱ졣
ѩû뵽ȥ˸龹ͬ磬һͬ磬ʱԵС
Сѽ
ңѩ˵ʮˣ˼أ
Ǻǡ˼һºӣˣˣռСıˣֻ±үүҪһӣˣ̸ˡ
ãҲ˵Ҳ˵ͷȴռүүı֡
ѩȴǺú΢΢һЦ
ȻǲƬദѩȴɶԷϿ̬֤ǰˣǳˡ
Ȼʮִˣǳ˷⣬طǿ˿̬ǴЦʱֳһݣȻ׽룬һ٣ʹ壬Ҳˡ
̬ȴݣ̬һ˫Ӿ֮һѩע⡣Է粻һȻӣΪмһİǰֻǺߣ˴ʧ֮ۡ
ѩ˼ĵȴֻֻССīʱԾ£һһദȥ缫ˣ֮ڣ㰲
һƬ˺ϣ΢΢գüޣ漴۾
ѩҪЪϢҪǣ﷽Զȴ˺Ȼ۾
ȱߣ̸̸΢Цָһ°ϵĲǽݵĲ֭һкôġ
ѩګګ⡪
ҪҪǶˣӦ֪ߴͣҲܣҪΪ㵹ô
ǡ
϶˶ԷǸˣҲͲӦţ߽ǰȡ֣Ȼ£ٹ뱭ڣŷⱭ֭Ѱɫʺ죬ǹѩ϶ǡֱ֭Ѫ
ѩһʱҾͿڡ
˺һᣬֻ´ѷ꣬
һ˵ʱԷ۾֮⡣
ѩԽԽŶԷ˾ǷףƼˮ꣬ҪݺԼֻཻһԵ֣ԵһݼţºҪأΪ
ţ㲻ٶɣٱʹغһڡ
ⱭȺŨѪ֭Һ֮жȻºȴ֪ȴһǻʮã֭Һ΢΢ɬЩ䲻úȣȴҲǲʣЩ˲֭ζҲͲٶɣڣһ֭¶
׷΢΢һЦ֪ȥЩʲô
ʲô֭ô
һСǲ֭ɽҰεĲ֭˫ĿעصĿɾˡ
˵Ĺ򣬹ѩѸоһ˫ȣʱͨ´ȣֱþѣ
׷˵ᣬЧ죬˿һͣ޷ѳ¡
˵֮䣬ѩһ󺹣Էô˵˳£һʱɿ졣
ղõģһǧ궾Ѫ֭
ѩһʱɲסΪ֮һ
˾ֹķԣҲؾ£涾Ѫ崿˿ԣǵˣһ֮󣬶ȴ벻档С㻹Ʋأ
ѩʱŴ۾ͷ˼ô֪
˺ǺһЦʵúãС˵ҳ˷ֽ֮⣬˼ҽɲҪᣬΪǽҽĲݵУǾʹˣҿиأרѴ֢ǾǷ˼ܹõĲҾҵƢˣҸǼȡ
˵ɲסͷԴЦֽµһЩʶҵˣҽз軪ס
ѩţȷʵ˵軯ôһţԽӶǰ˼Ҹе档
н̫궾ָ֮ѩɽ𵤡֮ҩЧǿڡѨڣȴδܽȫΣһ
ǰ׷ˣƾŶ۲죬Ҵһ֮£ܿѩƣֻжϹѴѰ
£ǰҽ
˵ͷĲ飬һ֣ǣ
ѩ̾ϢһҲ
һЦֻ˫ܲ쿴ƵأĿɫ͸࣬ͱʾڹо൱ľ磬ƺѽϲ㾳磬ֻϧδܴﶥزǰΣ
ͣһ£˵ͫӺд𣬾֤涾ǰ㣬δܷңһ㽫ɴ󺦡˵úãòɣһѪǡǡ֢ҩĽⶾˡ
ѩôһ˵޿֮ǣ֮һǻǣʱΪ֮ɨһգȾϲһʱΪ֮Ȼ
һ㵣žλվǰһһݣ
ˣ˼ұĴˣһݡ
׷˱һһֻƮǰĳ룬΢΢һͷǲǫ飬ʵʵڵؽ˶ԷĴΰݡ
ۼҦ񡢱֣һݵܵá׷һ˫ӣֱŶԷʵ˵ɣŲչذɡ˲˵֡
ѩһ죬δڡ
˺ٺЦɣ
ѩ𾪵һ˵ͷѩֻ߲㣬˼Һ
һ˵һλվ𣬵ڶι˰һݡ
Ȼ֪㡣׷˵ֻڽ̫з磬߼һȭһţСһˣߣҲְš
ôĿУһǰ˾ȻдԴ֮䣬ǵѹѩ۵СʹţҲδУֱһѵǡ
ѩڶУδЩֻһԷ뼺жͬ磬˵ϸλĳԷ֣ǻĪȶԼҲλ糾еɣ
뵽ѩﲻΪ֮һɲסֱŶԷϿ
ɣѩȴȻ˿ӡһεĿ϶ԼʶԼˡ
һ²˼ͻ
֪˺Ц֣ô֪ǣ
ǡѩ̡
׷һЦ˵һ㲢֣Ҧķϰ˳ƵֻǷëǣȽɫģֻһҡ
ڶȥˣ游һ𣬶ãеӢŮ㣬֮䶼һ
һָָһ¹ѩϣǾü֮쳣ʣһ˹ǲ죬ȴһ֪
ѩͷʾͬ⡣
ʵô˵˼Ҹ棬ʶˣ
׷˽סЦȴЩ˵̾Ϣһ
űǵŵ׷ƣ
ѩͷǼҸ
ˡ΢΢һ۾ּſǼ棬ǱȽȴ游沮͸һЩ
΢΢һЦҡҡͷ˵ǶٶǰˣңԶ̾һˡ벻¸ʮ꣬ջ㣬ҲԵЩǱǧѪȡ
ѩô˵Ϸ٣ԷԼ游ֵ۽֮ˣָǨأѹԼİˡ
ָл̲סһ̽
׷΢ЦҲ㣬ʵ޴˱ҪǶ֮ҿɲԸǷǣСѣͱˡ
ѩ϶ԷʿŹ֣Ը˵֮£ٶҲ棬˳ȻؽȥӾˣȻ֪ϤһС
˺棬ֻƫƫ֪γڣԴӷŷºͲεѪ֮һȹѽ
ʱֻͨ£̹·кëë׾ſ֮£漴һЩ˯⡣
˹һЦҼˣ㷽ѷҩһ˯ģȥɣ
˵ĵѩԾһ˫Ƥʱ´˯̫Ũæǣ׷ֻЦͣδ˵
תط֮󣬹ѩǲǡ
ƽҲûôҴҰѷŹϣͷδ£Գ˯ȥ
һǹġ
ͻܿѡʱʱӭľȻһա
ѩһ£һµ
ôĪǰʱô
ȵ˴־òԣΪ泤ԶӦǣȻЩԡ
һ֮ˣΪ֮һǰգ䣬ΪճǱԼһ˯һʱ
ȷˣԭǧ궾ѪҺȻд˹Ч˵ķ˼
һ˯ˣֻͨˡ
ĿתƺЩ
ע⵽ʱΪҵŰӣƺȻһ£Ǳˣϵı̡ķıõþȻ
һŻȻϵһֶǰƺûеģǸķ̨µֽʣҺһ顣
żˣȻǸյŮѧˡ
ȻǣԼӦΪϿεӣԼǳ˯ѣˣȴûнԼȻҲţ漴ΪԼѷһ£һڶĻ
ҵbö˵Ǹ׷ڵˡϣֱƮ٣ܿ˹Լѡ
Ȼ׼֪һųȥԷȻֹͣ羲ͷβһĺá
вв뱭
輸ͰԼ࣬غԼҲֱҹʱȥԼȻûв˯˹
һ뵽鲻ԼϷһȣ΢ĸдǰûйģһСģЩǰζ

ʶСǸоһǸΣȻСǵӰ㸡
ûɽ˺ġ
ûŮ֮
Ļᶼ֮٣ʵ˵ȷŮ£Ȼʱ˵ģһĵ΢ЦĽνβɡˡ
˵֮С˽顱ôݸе١ǽʿ緶֪ĵı˴Ĭ֮䣬Ҫ˵һС˵ˮɽ΢ֻԼˡ
ԭΪһ·֮ˣߡ㡱ĸݣȴԼһЩ˿㲻㣬ƫƫȻһˣദ㺰ڡ
ѩ뵽һʱΪ֮жѣֻޱҡأ·Ѱһ֣͡Ȼֹͣʱ򣬹ѩǲ֪һ߳̾Ϣ֮ʹ΢һ
ȴλ̫үĿԹ޸޷ףһسѣ걾֮ˣĪһ벻ͨô
ѩ𲻽Ϊ֮һЩĪ˵ô
˱˴˶ԷˣȻ˵ԼˣֻǡԼ£λ֪ͷĳɣ
Էֹȴλ̫үһԵСô
ſڣ㲻ԳĬŲλվǰҴҿ˷ţԷ̫үȻ΢ЦվſڣŹѩϿһۣ㣬ϲϲ̫ˡ
ѩ룡
̫ү΢΢һЦ˽
ѩҪȥ裬̫үҡҡͷҪҪһҪߵˡ
ѩص˼͵ѪȻһ˯˿̡
̫үͷǱȻǻһˣ˵Ҳ˯ҹڹƾһϡˣռ˱ˣҲѵʱ򣬲㻽𣬷˯ã㷴֪
ѩԭͨһ˼漴ס
ԷѪһת󣬽֮δ֮ǰڸо˵ȻΪͬԽעһһţ裬ͨޱȣǰѹѨ֮綾ȻֻǴδùͻȻЩš
̫үһЦ˷Σ
ѩ𣺡ȫͨɿ죬Ī֮
̫үһɷģǵ඾ȫȻ⣬ʹûκζܹ˺㣬һϲ֮ô
ѩһЩԷôһ˵ʱΪ֮⣬ͷǿϲΩԴһͻȻƽ޹ʣ˶Է˴֪Ϊ׻ѣǺã
һϲ֮£űΪ֮ĬȻһлһʱ֪Ҫô˵źá
̫үһ˫۾תһתҡҡͷ˼ףܹ˼ͼǴɷ򣬲֮䣬ȴɲءҴҪǻһλˣ⵹֮£˵㣬Եϲ֮࣬ԼԮ֣ʵ˵㲻ʲôĴ治ǰǵļԺҷٸˡ
ѩô˵Ϸ٣ʱͷ˷飬
ʵԭԷΪСҲһѪֻΪһʵݣߣֻѪʱһãԼɥʧСסԶĴΪһ̣˵Ҳö֮ãڵǷܼδ֪֮
Ǵѩ𻰵ߣ㸴ס
λ̫үƺºܸߣѩ̸ģȻվ
Ӷ˰ɣ
ѩʵͶˣ˿̱ôһᣬپꤣͷĶˡ
ߣмҺõطԷȥ
˵űֱⲽ
ѩԭΪԷռȣԷ״ˣ㲻ס
̲
ѩ˼ұôҲ·еĶʧô
̫үһŵĽһЦǾ߽βٻʧô
ֵơѩСһĺá
̫үҡͷЦ޷޷Ƿӿ޷ߺߣȴЩ㣬ضģ߰ɡ
ô˵ѩҲͲٶ˵
һջ⣬ϡ
ʱƳϣ࣬˱̸Уǰ֣һֵǰ
ѩʵЩܲˣ⸽Եĵطô
ûţߣûΣͿ쵽ˡ
˵Բ浱֣һ䣬һ֮ڡ
ѩʱס֮ĵطҲûпŵﰵ֣Է̫ү˵Ҳ㾡Զʡ
ˡ̫ү컺ֱһǰԺϯĺլ֮ǰͣһЦ˵ˡ
˵ʱŰһµȳӣţ
һ׵Ӧһĸһ
ѩԭΪԷԼȥһҷ÷벻ȻһסңЩðʧ
ٿǰסլ̸ʲôŵڣҲɾ£ʶԷϣһľȴǰ
漴ִǰһλô찡
ȴű֨ѽس˿
һҷݣĸߴѵŶ
˲˵Ǹνȳˣֻ֫һľķȣһҲۣһ봩ţһȴϣ䲻ôþȴʵúܣǸͷϷ̨Ϻͤĸܲ֡
üĿңҷ˫۾Ѫ˿ֱܲһһӣҡУСһˣһŹ֡
˿̣ǺԲһ˫ۣǶŹѩ˰죬תˣֻһۣԡѽһŲرݡ
ⲻǰ̫үô⡭
̫үһֲֻסҪ£ǺȴӲҪݣһҪݣһƫƫҪݣƺ˾ȻǰүҪǿһЩȻһֲֻǺôӲ䲻
գգݱ㲻ݰɣʲô紵ģ
̫үǺЦǶɣΪ
һǸߴȳӵλСᣬֵ¿ɲȳӣҲȥ֡
һ仰ʹùѩȳ˫˶Ϊ֮һ
ȳ룬ʲô·һëʵĺӣȻ۸ߵͣ
ѩ룬ǿһçӣһȳӣȻ书һôߺߣ̫үҲδСѩˡ
Ȼˣ˫ֵüзȡ
ȳ˵һˣСӡ
ѩȭǰָ̡
鲻Ű̫үӣǲҶԶԷĴӡֻȳһ䡰Сӡһ㡰ϡζڹѩе㲻ζ
̫үЦ˵ǶӿɶЩˣҿǸλСѿ˺ڣͿôдˡ
˵סһأ
ȳЦںԺǽأ漴˺߸磬ƣ˭
һߺȣŷڵͷһҲ˶٣ȻԺĹˡ
ܿıɺһ
ȳݣλ߸硱ȻҲȥ࣬ʵȴǴȻ
һʮ£һӿӵ˹һֻӣﻹǽļһ
ǺȻ˰̫үЩ⣬ءһضϵĹߣⲻǰ̫үô
˵ҲҪ°ݵ
̫үһֻּˣˣղź۶ˣһοû˰ɡ
ˡүˡ
һ˵أƵƵŰ̫ү򹪲ѡ
̫үһͷǻͷúģλСѸѩֺӣй򣬵Ժúõĸ̻̻˵һ֮ء
ôһ˵չıעѩˡ
ֵܣ룬롪
һ˽ײ衣
ѩһļ裬֪˶˷ǷףһľҾߣһȾıϵļֻ֤ǸʫģνʫƷԸߡȻͬǿ϶
̫үΪѩλˣǸȼòŷɵĸߴպкңǸ˹չ磬˶ϲȻ͸˰̫үƼȴʹùѩ𲻸ӡ
ĹϤ֪ͻδ÷΢΢ЦɵúܣҲûгԷۣȥƣܼЩʲôòˣͿŪɡ
ҴӦһŰ̫үѩһȭʧ㣬ʧ㡪
˵գǸľȣһһȳ³ȥˡ
ǫص֪ǰλֵܼݵûʲôرĺòˣժһͼпͣʳƣҪǲζ
̫үЦͺѵˣֻҪǺôƳ˱ǴˣҵνλСֵܽرҪ׼һ㡣
˵ʱŹѩһЦ
纬Цǣǣλֵ
ѩ˵ѣǰİ̫үԼ֪Ϥ壬粻ʵ˵Ȼ٣ʵ˵ȴΥŹ棬֪Է·ǰԶԷôһʣһʱ֪һ㶡
һԵİ̫үȴѺЦλȴˣ˵ҲЩԨԴʵʵ˵ɣ
ѩô˵ʵҲͲ콫ʵ
֮£һŰĳϣ΢Цһͷ˵λСѿƣԭ׷ϸɣѹˡ
һ溬Цѩ𹰹ֵ£С֮ǴˣҪú̡
ѩͲҵˣǰҸͬ۽Сҷ
һЦ֣Ͳ֪ˡнΩ·ͬһѧʦأ˵ֻһͽѣ˿̾ͲҪˡ
˵ֻһԵİ̫үкһҲô˵ÿŸɨԼǰѩּа߳㣬ҲͲΪˡ
ѩ֮£Ϊ֮һ벻ⷬ˹ĵһĿΪΡеıͲɵ࿴
֮£һЦ˵úã˵úãΪ˽ҹҲҪϸһסȺ˾ƣֵܰΪúϱ汨棬Ҫϵָʾźð¡
̫үͷô
ӦҲѡһϱɣ˵һµЩ⣬ҲƼӣǸ˲£۹ͣӦٲһݡ
̫үǺһЦٱһڲ裬²豭⻹˵ĹԶڹҲ˶ţ֪ɵúܺãһֻ˱Ҫǿˣͽ˸ȹȥˡ
üͷһǿɲǣ˵Īǡ
̫үȻվ㣬ӡһվ棬ɾͰѹ缴ڵĻ˿ȥ
һĹѩһͷˮЩű߼ʣֻȴԾģԷˣԼţĹȴ˵ˡǻԼСʱɸĸôһˡɱԽΪ֮󣬾Ҳûб벻Ȼһ֮ˣΪ֮Ȼľ 







 

  
ʮ¡ֵҡȳ 

ȳӲպˡ
̶̵ʱ䣬ȻŪ߰˸ˣըؾɫζѡ
ѩ𼢶ͷ룬δѡ
λȳȻȳտǳúãͨ˶һ֮󣬶ʱζ飬ȻȽѩȤģȴһζ㣬֮һĹ˵βٹ֮ǰǻġ
ʡ󺵣ɺԣδȫɺߣҲˮǳףǰʾ㣬Ǿ޿档
֮䣬¶˿ڷ硣ԭǰ¡ƺϵǰȥһˣתأƺ˳Я˲ٶиʵβ
λ˹ѩע⣬㾳뺼ݲ̫Զһ㳣һҲǵʮ²ɣʹҹۣҲĹȻչ̸֮˵𣬺ֻҹ֮£Ƚų̣ܲΪ֮һϸֻһܣǾǳ˴˾еһṦ½ط֮֮⣬;мˮ½Ӧˣţʹѩ뵽һ㣬ǾܵȻ൱ĺƴҲʵ٣ҲͲʹѩ˺档
ǵ׸ɵʲôֽī
ֻֽīõɡƣ
̫үָһµ㡣
űϴһ飬ϳԼң̸һԣڽβˮ֮Ƿɿڡ
ⷬഴѩ˼ű̫үԼͽһڣһ֨֨Ѱȥ³ľǣԼʧȥ֬ĸۡ
ҲǰŹѩڳɣǾڲ֮£۽ڳ֮һ˾ϳԼңϱˮ½ʣɽ亣ζֱλ̫үԴ˳Եϱһ̸ʮ֮˾ŽǹѩǰδţҲζ
ǳĽӴó˳Ԫƴ̫ͣү˲ǳƵɣλҲȽǹѩƣҾˣס̫үƵƵȰҲʵǺ˲٣ϯƷֱԵн
λ¼ߣڽɫãһ˺Ժͤһ̺ţ˺յ
ʱת˸ɵѧѩԷλ̫үԨʶ֪֮߳и֮ǵ̫үˣԹ˶ۣ඼ѧ֮ȻѩǵнܳȻЩ˽ݵ̸ʱ͸¶ڷ磬ֻǵ˺̸տԵ˺ɣҲԼ̸
̫үȻѩ΢΢ЦžѾ沮һʱ˫ʢ˭ҲϷ˭
˵ţ΢΢ЦˣҼǵգŷལʤһУȴԡӰơһƣǾʹƽ
ҡһͷидصڶ꣬ԴˡʽſԵеùһнˣȥѰ沮ȴΣҲұȹûлҵĽˣкɡ
ѩҪԼһ֣ŲֻϧԱ׾δܵÿŰ£˼ǰ׳һء
̫үͷ仰ǽ֮ԣۼ׽ȷǲɳƵһᣬ׹ѧᣬֻ²ܣѧһСҲˡ
ôһ˵书֪Ϥ壬ѩʵɴ˿ɼַ֮Ǹ߲ɲ⣬ֻеǵĿǰΪֹɣ˵ĻĪֱ벻͵һ
ѩƶȴֻߴĺȳӻлǰ
Сӣҹɫãȳ֣ӡ֤ӡ֤һ¡
ѩܣȴһԵİ̫үλ˫˫޺á
̫үЦԭд⣬ȳӣ㲻ҪλСֵᣬ꣬ǿɴˡ
ȳЦңҡ
ȻһתһӼ磬ͥԺ֮С
ҪһȲ䣬ȴǿ켫һһת缲һվԺﵥŵأȴһȸ߾ٹһ˫ŷҲƵ۾գҲգضԷȷɽ֮ơ
ѩһ£溬΢Цǰǿˡ
޷̫үЦֻǼʽˣСѣò£ȥ
⼸仰Ц˵ģȻǿЦһԵĹҲͷЦǡšͳСֵܣɵġŴʽúܡ
ĺȳеѽǰҵĵӶйˣܿǲôСӣʲôֻͣʩչǡ
ѩһСһСӣδⲻã̸Լ֪ǡšһԺݶĪƣ´˲࣬ĿǰΪֹѩ𻹴û֮ұǵһˣǰܻرܣƺֻзԷһ֮һ;
룬ҪҪʩչԷһʩչɣиڲ࣬±˱عĹڣʩչɣֻȡʤ
ȻЩȴ࿼ˣűվӵô˵±ǰָ̼аɣ΢Σҵǰ
ҵľƽһָѩǰأСӣļһأ
ѩһɣڿջδЯ಻ܸԿӭսԷΪѣȴһԵĹгһڣСֵԸðɣ
ЪһڳѺƵط˹
ѩһ÷ʽַֻһס˽һƤʵֳǽؽҲ׶á
ֽ֣ŶԷһȭлתҵǰ飬ͽ̡
ţԳʷϡ
ȳӺǺЦҲʩģȣ͸նɣڣԿٵǰ
ǰӣһľѵصֱŹѩǰ
һͣƳһ˾ȶֱŹѩǰͳʢڼҹͷ硱ˡ
дһ֣ѩʵĲӣһŶ֮ƣಡ
һӰҵƱ߿ա

ߺţֻǰһ˵ӣһתһһߣšתһһζ˳ȥȴɼ磬ֱԷѨϵ˹
ѩ֪ԷȳӹȻԼʹ׾Ҳǲܵˡ
Ȼʱһ˲Ѳٶ룬ӭźȳƣѩ㲻òʩչҵŲһ˫ڵ͵һ㣬һ֮ӡһѵ
ҲһҵĹ˹ȥ꣡꣡꣡Ⱦǵ˿С
Ӱţٵ˿
̫үס΢΢һͷת֣Ͼͬ죬һ֡෭ơұĪ
Ҳͷɷ׷ƣǻȮӣ˲˲𡣡
˶Դ֮䣬ֳѴѷѽ⣬ںȳӵһȣʩչ÷겻͸ѩ㲻òȫԸ
˫һ֣ת۱ʮ棬ѷѽ⣬ֻһӰɼԲһУѩγɵĽס޴ķγ˷չķˣ죬ȴ˵úܡ
ѩԭ㲻žֵֵ֪ȵüм֮
ȳһ·ħȣֱ缲籩꣬ѩʩȫ౻ΧӰ֮Уͻ
һԵĹ΢΢һЦλСֵ˽ǲˡ
Ȼδ꣬һһ˹ʩһв̴֮ƣ§ͷǶģֱŹѩͷ֮ͻ
һȻΪֻͨʩչԺ£ͬѩʱôƬԵͷżһ̧ͷŷԲգȫµӰ
֮£ηӭͷһ
ȳǱоģǾҪѩֳ󣬷򲻻ʩչַ
ѩ֮£䲻ҵģۿһƬӰͷѽ£Ϳѩ𳤽ӼʸҲƵֱ
鼱֮£޴ѡʩչŵַɽ
ӰֻѩŭŬһҲƵ֮䣬ԶԷӰ
̫үЦ߳һã
ȵĺңΪԷų꣬ѳɴΪ̫үͷһٵĶޣʵѶ࣬򽫽ΣδⲻҪ˻ᣬڰ̫үǰѩԼ硣
ǰһ·ȷʩչüΪĪ⣬⵱ͷһѹʵȡʢŴʽз֮ѩΪԷܶԼҲֻʱȣסҲ͹ˡȴ֪һԸ뷨ѡ
ۿŹѩӰֱ𣬲ɵóһ뵽ѩʩһʽᡱĪ
Źѩµӣһڳǰֱ̽ȳӺһˣصľգɨǰߵƣȻһأżһɷѱȳǰһػ֮ƣֱȳʺ
ȳɫһ䣬ǽ档ˣҲδӿǰԷĽƣȴǰƮƮֳ
һƮ죬ֳ˿ݵӰ
أƣ졣ַšƵ̬ɼֻážһѽѩɭɭĽϼ˫֮䡣
Ȼһмֳ֮һĹ
ҡѩͬʱ˫˫ǰ˿
ȴֻȳһźǳһɫƽҪǿʤ˷ϼԭڰ̫үǰͣȴûϵԷ꾹
ʵѩһСᡱҲδñ㲻ܶƫƫСģԼλݵܵ³ԿżͻȻֹ֣˹ѩļ֣ôһо޹⡣
ٺٹЦ˼Բһ˫ۣͭŭŹ߸磬ô£ҲҪôСֵʤδֺαز֣ôһ¡
Ȼ֪λݵܵƢ֮£΢΢һЦ
ѩǺ󱲣ǰźһҾǰϢŭʰ·ǡ
ȴ벻Էдһ˵΢΢һ£㯵̾ϢһصذľŵһСֵܣ̫ˣðɣǾ͵Ϊֹɡ
ˣ˵Ȼͤİ̫үڽĺá
΢΢ЦСУȷʵڵ֮£շǵҪú̡
ѩǰһԲʶҾ˵书ʵ˵Լڲ֮䣬Էܹһ֮䣬סԼĽ棬书ں֮ϣܿԼ֮ϣ㲻ܲʹԴ˶˹Ŀ࿴ŶӪҵеʮֵĺ档
ʵԶġ
˵Ӫ⣬һ⣬̫ͬү˵ֽī⣬ÿ˶ѧ˾˵һ书Ǹ޴˱ҪģƺֻоӪһе书ЩϵȻȴǸһеģһ㣬ֻƾѩ͹۵ع۲죬϶
֮ͤڣ̫үʵؿ佱䣬ұЩס˹ʣʱȥ
̫үٹ뿪֮һЦΪõ֪ԼãСˣʢδʧЦ벻ȻǵƢһҲûиġ
һЦɲô˭˵ҲֻаܡˣҲһˣƢܸĵˣ
̫үһĵȻǸĲˣֻǵǰʢȴйߺߣΣҪ㼰ʱøԼϸļ֣ҪԹˣҲ
ƺλ̫үΪ˹ŭæڸǣԲ
ѩ𵽵٣״ⲻȥҲȰ˵һ̫үԲٶ˵
Żڣ˺ңس̫֮үҾ˲ǣλ̫ү
Թ۵Ĺѩһп֮˼ּأ˵λ̫үȻѵһΣȴλ𣬶ڹ˵ƺϾԵȨҲֻʹù˶˱ϹϾذٰС
ǰһУƫƫ˫ˣڹѩ˸ǰȴҲЩڳ飬ѩֱøеЩΣλ̫үȴΪ棬֮䣬ǰԼˡ
Ϊѩ㲻òСҹԷӽ̫үǶԹѩƸ֮⡣
ԭΪ㻹ûѧŵĽͽտ˼ֻǵѵá
΢΢ͣһ£̫үŽȥЩأһרΪԸеַ΢ȵӡ֤ӡ֤ɴڸġ
ʱ־صСѣĸˣôû˵˭иõ̫үĴڣƫǵɴࡣ
ѩ֮£Ǿϲæǰл
̫үһ˫۾⻪ڹѩתţ΢΢ЦҶҲһ֮ѧ׼ֱ߱ʾԸ߰׷ˣҲգҹҾʾָƣҲ֪£⣬·Ǵпɹۡ
һ̫ү¶֣ɲסƳƿ졣
ȳҲԴ
ѩֱ磬ֻ̫ү𣬽һ̫ʦͤм䣬𵶵
Сѣ棬ֻǵ㵽Ϊֹ
ֻЦص˫ƻ֮⣬ȫֻҪָͷմһ㣬ҾˣΣ
ѩֻǷ˺ң̫ү˽ҪԼ֣ĸԥ֪֮λش
̫ү΢΢׵Ϊ˳غҳ֣Īңǣ
ѩҡҡͷ񹦸ԲΪСˣСڱѧղֻλǰǰŷѡ
̫үһ΢΢ͷ仰δ֮ԣǰˣ˵ɲأʹ˫Ҳ㣬ҹ־ˣȤҹֻ֮˼Ҳͺֳˡ
һԵĺȳӹЦ˵ɣȳ˼ȭɺã
̫үһЦҲã֪һסظȭð£ֻǺߺߣҹңֻȴֲʲô
ҿкٺЦ⻹õ˵ԭ˼ģ˼ֻҪ˽
˵վȴһԵĹ߸ѵȭţ˽ɾҵ
ЦүӴǹСֵܣֺαض£
ҵҿɲܣǽһ󵽣үӣ㿴ȭɣ
һͣɵز˿ƽȵֱŰ̫үһȭֱ˹ȥ
ȳһȭȻǾ㣬ȭʱͤӶΪ֮Ȼһ졣
һȭŰ̫үػȥģ൱ɹۡ
һɷγǧ
ȴֻ̫үһ£Լǹѩ׵ĺ룬붼󵹾֮ͣʵ֪
̫үǺһЦȭ
ڣֻһһһ֣˵Ҳ֣ǹľ磬ڰ̫үԱȻУ١
֡ǧַ˵˼㣬һֽĽӴǰ㡰Կաַȴǰδ
Ҵһŵүٿ
Ȼ˸ƼһƬÿơ
̫үȻһҲڵأҵƻһ䣬ֻδ˵ĴȣطɵֱŰ̫үͷϷ߹ȥ
ȣȣӭ磬һ죬̫үһ˫̫ѨڶԷչ֮С
ѩԹۣ֪ʩչȻȫԸ˿飬Ԥ֪̫үܻ⣬çײ
Ȼۿһ˫ɽţ˫˫ѽа̫ү̫Ѩһֻλүתһͷ­ƿȻǰһڣǰһ˫ɽţ˫˫˸ա
˫һգ֪Цˡ
δЪؿһۣԭ䣬ȴȻӲ̫үĿ֣ۡ
һ˺ֻ˵С֮ϣһͣѰѺټӣͳ⣬֮ͤ⡣
Ȼ̫үǶر飬˫ЦѣҪȻҪԵеĻȳӵӿҲͱҪˡ
Ҿէ߽ͤүҲҺҿǴ۶
̫ү˸һ˫ӣʮ־ȵشҵһ಻ĹȻнտڹܿԸһ¥ѪЩ򡣡
ҺٺЦǾҪүƸչˡ
̫үͷܺãдһϰܸѪ©ӡһȥֻҪϰꡣ¾ܿá
Ҳɴϲлѡ
̫үŰ۾ѩôҪô
ѩԹ֮£϶λ̫үȻзǳ֣ʵǵһλˣָһص治ǳֻԼΪ˹ȫʢóȻ֣ȴƫƫߴ٣ƺ⣬ˣԼֶʧˡ
һԵĹˣ֪̫үƸͣȴƫƫٳٲϳ֣Ĵ治⡣
΢΢һЦСֵܣ㻹ʲô֮ô
ѩǰضɣʵǲҳ󣬼Ȼ̫үͣСҲֻ׳ˡ
˵̫꣬үǰվȭǰָ̣·ˡ
мԷ̫ү־ˣһ֡ǧ֮ٵޣվ֮һ湦ھۣһ۲ŶԷʵȴڳ֡
̫үһǰģո˫֣һһ˫εĳӣȴգҲգעŶԷ
ѩ𰵾ŵֱ棬Ȼǰͬٴ־ǡ
ţ԰ҡ߷ͤת
֪ڳ˾ǵ֣ҶЩԨԴʵŲ׾һչȫǱžѧ
̫ү΢΢׵ĪأȻв֮ͬСѣͲز˽ˣֻϷоǡ
ѩӦһͿһͬʱʩչҳġơһһңһŰ̫ү˫ֱ
̫үһ߳
ԭָֻӰѱ֮ϣУӶһѵҲƵֱ
ѩǹ˫ƣȻ˫˫˸ա
Թѩ˵ȴ£ʽԭУּ̽ѣ˫һȫط˹ȥ
̫үӣҲͬһʱԭӭ˹ѩ˶ǰӣȴѵڶηУáơʽһֱǰ
̫үһ⣬ѩȴһԼֱۣٿʱ̫үһֻϸ֣Լϡ
Ǵ˵ĸоѩֻһһǰƣһæһˣȻѻ壬ԼڶԷתȻر˶ԷһԵȴתԼϡ
ôһѩɾҲܲס֪㡰ǧַܣԼϸĵ
һ֮ˣͻΣһ˲֮䣬Ҿ֮һĵġתβ
ַ˦ͻȻ̫үֱϷ˹ȥ
̫үһЩ⡣
ԭʮþȵĿ԰ѹѩͳȥһòǿջأֹ֮䣬ӭס˹ѩݳơ
ѩ㣬̫үָǻĪ
˫һӴ̫үΡ֨һѩӵڶα˳ȥ
Ȼ˰̫үĵһӷ˳ȥ
ԭѩӱˣʲԹ֮䣬ѿ˰̫үַľڣʱԵУͽӵĵ᲻١
ڰ̫үһ٣ٶʩչͬһԭ㰵и˹ѩ𼫴ʾá
мѧ裬ּѣһϸᣬв֮ͨ
ǰ̫үַͬٴΰɳȴЧԭǹѩѾץסţֻڿеӣһһŤһתƮƮؾԭ
һʹһԹۿĹ˴һ̫үġ֡ҷֽǺε΢벻ΪѩʶƣܲΪ֮̾ˡ
ۿŹѩµӣһƬë㣬˰̫үǰ
ǰָ̣֮
˵걧ȭһҾ漴˺һԡ
̫ү˫۾֯ޱȵϲãһֻ³룬ƵƵͷѡ
Ȼˣĵͣһ꣬ؽӡ
ѩҲ󣬷ѧʽϲдһǻۣɾһ仯಻ͬΪԼһʵ
̫ү֮дһβܿԴ̽ѩǷǿ֮ģһֽΣȴ˷ѽ⡣
ĸ֮󣬰̫үû书֮¡ʱѲ磬Է֮ˣѩ𵹲ȥˣǣ̫үҲûǿ
ðɣټɣ˵ţ̫үת翴һۣ磬һ̸̣
Ӧһ洺ͬŹѩ뿪ͤ
үǰʶô̽ѩš
ѩҡҡͷڿջʶģѡ
硰มһɫĸо졣
үӶΪࡣ߱ߵ⵹ǹһ
Ϊʲô
λŷȵĹ磬ӡ󲻶Ҳ̽һЩ̫үĵϸһ԰ҲȫãȻĺá
翴һۣ΢Ц˵Ҳ֪λүѲ
ôѲѩ΢ЦţһµصΪºͣûй֮
һЦȻͶԵˣСֵܣɵи׶ܹϴˣѷ꣬˼ҿɲ״㹦ġ
⡪֪
֪ҡҡͷ΢ŵ㻹֪
ѩվס˽Ųǰл뵱˵
ڻܸ㡭ֳһ˿ص΢Цо仰ҵҪһ㣬㿴Ǹʲôģ
⣬ѩҡҡͷ̹׵ص֪
ΪأΪ̫үǸʲôģ
˵Ǹֽīģô
صһЦǶһ롣
һأ
ŷӹѩľȣǰУû仰
˴ſڣѩֱֱؿڵȺĻش
һ£ɫһɨǰɣȻúܳأ̾һԺҲ֪ˣҲˣԻذɣ
ѩһתȴֹסһ˫תһתګګصˡҶ£ڴжö
ҡǰдһʣ
ˡҡҡͷһֹӣתء
ѩԭ뻽סʸһ漴ֹסױ˴˻ǳμ棬ƾʲôζԷܹʳ¶֮ҲͲǿѡ
ǰ˼ٻعͷʧȴҲѹϡ
ﶯһ˹Ҫ̸Щʲô
£ֹΪʲô
ôһ룬ɾԽӴʹĺ֮ģҺβ˴ʱ͵͵Ǳأ˵Щʲô
ȻϾǹ֮£Ұ̫үˣһǹտ֮ˣһ¶ţΪУԼɾٻ뿪
ת룬ԼֻҪʱСһ㣬Զһ㣬·Ҳڰ¶μɡ
ôһ룬ʱΪ֮׳Ҵһۣҹˣֺαࡣ
£ϳһ£ǰ˽˼𣬡Ժǽ֮ϣƮڣҴ˼ۣ˿
լȻСǳ֮ͤ⣬ֻǸƵˣ˼ںԺͤԼɷģȵ￴˵
ţǽߣȹ۲һ̣κζ֪̫үںͤع˼ɣһһȷţδ룬һƬڣԶƬ̣ԼĪĿԿһС
ǰһ䴩õͨѣʮֿǰҽͨҪʱκһ򣬽Կɴ
ǰͨһĿ˴֮һͨסڡ
ѩһΪţƵģдһֻǼȻˣܲ;أȴҪһˮʯǡ
ֹȴáۡذ죬һƬƹˡ
ѩͷһŲذһȥӷںãֳͨһӰ
ӰѩϳǸƵӶˡϴһ˫ЬƽһյƣԻ߹
ԭֻÿеĹһȴûйغã߹ȥϣһûȥһҡĵƹ⣬˰߰߰׷һųڽǶʵѩÿϵһ̺ۣ˵һ̣ۼ֮£һ߶Ҳһ飬⣬ʺλҲһ˺ۣ˺ᣬܿƱ˶¡˵˵ȻҲǽ֮󣬲Ϊū¡
ѩ𾲾شˣǰЩ£ԭҪ뿪ӣȻ˻ּһ£ѵ²ãҴһۣһֻƿ棬һǡһǽֳһ
пŵĹѩɲסΪ֮һ
ԷǸƺŵǰй°أ˼ۣ漴˻أְŹϡ
ԭƬǽȫ黨ʯɣʯʯ֮϶󣬼Ȱŵ״ǲģֱ
ƺеع۲һ֮תȥȥǿŵŲԶȥ
ѩȻ䰵ãˣ
ʹ۲һУ˵ĺȻ롣
ֻƿһѣץסһšǡһ죬ǰȰű㳨˿
ѩ˶űߴչȥһӭĳʹѩΪ֮ŻŲ̱ס˺
һɲסΪ֮һһʱëֱ
ԭ֮ûеƻֻƾڼһյƣޡ
Ŀ䰵һƬɭֻ֪ʲôӰģǰڿеһſͷһĿǹŻĳ䷿ﴫġ
ѽʲôն
ţסһϸٿͬͨͨһӼʵΪ֮ԥ
ϾͻȻķ֣ʹ𾪣ӶҲ˹ѩǿҵĺ档΢΢һ£漴ٲڲ롣
Ȼܲͨ磬Żĳ޴ӷйΧںŴССľܣҲ֪ʲô
ѩҪȻȫܷģҲйż಻˻ͻȻһϸ
ţ漴ȡˡǧ𡱣ӭһΣણһˡ
ʹһУȴҲŵĿɿڴ
ĿǰһſѪܵͷŮ٣ɫɫһ㡣
ЩͷԺ󳤷ڽ岻һ֮ϣЩѸɿήЩȴãϰ߰ߵ㣬Ѫ壬ʱãѪɫѱڡ
ѩ𿴵ֱֻϮϲδ
֮ų³һתϵĻӣڱڼһյƵˣϨӣż۲ȥ
䰵ҿռܳʮľӣϰŴССƵĺľУϸбǩҲ֪װʲô
ѩ߽һǰһľУֻһĳҡ
ѽӱǩȫڣַһ£ſŵĻɫǩīдֵ¬׼һдǣ״Ϊʡ
ѩһ£̲ס˺иǣһɳ˱ǶƫӶϢȥ֮󣬲׼ȥ
һżСĸɿףͷɱأ»ɫɫףʾһˣȴҧгݣԲһ˫۾Ŀͷ÷ںɫĶϣһǩдգͽձһ£ʮ֮á
ʮĳʱ䣬ͷȻܱ˵Ǿһȼӹȴǲ֪˼αػͷкã
תڶӡһڳεС
ıǩ֮дּǣܱ˫ۣ˫顣״һۣɱ
򿪺иǣ湲һ˫ֱۣɰ١һСľ÷һǣһ˫Ѹɿή˵۾ӣһҲʮ֮á
ͷϱ۲֫ĺӣ˵Ҳмʮ֮࣬ʮľӶѵģѩҴһ֮£в֪֮ʿ
˳Ծһѳε̥̥ͬ£ȡŮ塣
ѩ𲻽ںж֮̾ޣ״й̥״ȴΪ֮޺ߣ
ǩдǣɱҵ֣Żٲɣ²䰮檣ʮ֮ʱ꣬ȡ檸֮ӤʬǰΪ䡣
ѩϸһ飬£ǩдʵѺǵطɱ˵ȹǽԹѰù٣ɱɣŭ檣С檣г̥ǾΪƱùʮ򣬹δ꣬Ȼ̥ڳʬǰù䡣
֮󣬹ѩֱͨþòƽϢ
һʺţͻ
Щ˾Ǻɱ
硢ҡѵǱ˵ˣʵ֣ɱݽĽ޵ֱ̫ˡ
ɺ뵽λüĿİ̫ү˵ջɳ²֣ɵɱԽ˵ôλ̫үܱܹ£вݵʹ׵£ҲȻ˴ǣѲ˸ϵ
ôһ룬ѩ飬һƬ磬˵
ڵӫӫռһңЩڵյĿſͷڻĵƹӳ֮γһƬӰȻÿһͷ֮£ʾһҾ徵Ĺ¡
Ȼ֮УΪʡ̰Ϊֻ֮ɭֲɱַϾ֮ԸΪ漰İƱ˺ƱֱַڽΪԡеһʴȡˡ
ѩʮףȴҲ˽һţشһս˼ţ
աҿֵ磬ûڣһΪλ̫ү磬ĵֻ㽫ˡ
۾ɭɲĸһŻʬطһҲ˷衣
ѩ𲻴ٿȥˡ
ոϨ˵ƣҪ뿪һȴһ
ʵڵ͵ٵͣҹټϹѩˣ
ʹǹѩ˵ʶ֮ˣȴҲͻ֮ųһ亹
ʱ˵أ㲻ǹҲˡ
ѩһëغһǽɲɵһųϵͷˡ֮ƣĿ࣬淢ڣ֮࣬٣ܰѹѩĵӸˡ
۾ѩǿһ£ʱ˿̣ϱ˵ڶ
һУѩɲٵǻþ
Īйԩ
һٿ۾ͬʱ֮䣬ѽۼ˫֮䣬ֻҪԾ죬صȷˣ
ֻǣⷬ׼Ȼࡣ
ǰ˿״ʮͷ­һ˸ҲƵģûһ紵ݶʵЩͷ֮ȶһɷĴãܳ־òò⣮˵ܱһŵģ
ڳãƶЩͷ϶֩ϻҲͭǮʵĳˡͷ
һ϶䣬Ǵ䣬翵ա
ҪǻһطѩƽˣֻǰѨ㲻˷Ρ
ֻԲһ˫۾´š
Ȼأһ˵εһ
֮ҲжڰҲ֮
ѩǸطϸע⿴һۣ˼ȻȷԼŵ
ǰ㲽δһϿļ
һξͺǰT֮ȻǳŮӣ޿ɡ
ѩܿһۣһ˭
֮󣬲Ծ˲ףԼǰҲǡơ˵ġһԷ֮һԼֽԲ˵ԣڣ첻
ΪԷԼ֮󣬺ܿܲٴȴ֪ǲ´ˡ
ţϴһ֮һ΢Ůӵ϶Ҫ㿪ˡɡ˰ɡ
ѩ𾪵һ򶨵˭ô㣿
ҡ˲΢˼㣬ү󡭡㡭
ҿЩ˰ɣ
ѩˣһ֮һ䷿ֻ䲢ͨһ뵽ܿһ䰵ҡ
ǰξ飬ڸѰҵĻťȻˡ
ǸŵĻťʵǱڽǵľܣһƣ֮֡еİȷļĻ
һηҡ
ȼһյ͵ƣһ±ٸֱֱľ齣ֽϾ㶼һͷñֱڴϣһҪ˵ͼܣתһҲѣԷ˺ܿѱգãܣ˼֮
ŰӣʳˮǶʱιʳԷάѡ
˳һ֮Щ
ѩû뵽ʱ˵أôһˡ
ٸҲƺ˲ճһ˫۾ľȻضԷﾹȻҲˡ
һͷҲƵڹѩ˵Ůͬǰһ㣬ȻνƱˡ
˷ţѩǰ˸˽ࡣ
Сһ㣬ô£
ҧɫ΢룬۾Ĺʣȴһ־ǿ
ô£㷴ҡ£˰ɣȻҲĲǡҡ
һ˵һ£ȴ
ѩһ£ҡͷŪˣҲˡ
ô˵Ȼֹס˿ȴһ˫۾ίص˭ǸǴͨˣթƭҵİɣ
ô˵װסĵľϲ֮顣˵˾֮ʱκһĻᶼŹȻԷˣԼȻɴǰĻᡣ
ѩѹҲƭ㣬ţڱ˷֣Һһǻɣף
Ů˽Żɵصһͷôǡ
ѩҡҡͷЦһ£ڲҵʱ˵˵Լɣô£ΪʲôҪصʲô֣Ҫ£˵
ţḾˣɾᡣ
㵹һˡḾ˵Щ
ҿȥ˭ãΪʲôҪŪѾüˣΪʲôҪôĥңҵ׷ʲôѽ㡭ɿһºòãҵֿҪˡ
ѩһ£ͷðɣҾɿ㡣һ˵߹ȥ˼£ʱͶѿ
һݣɴȫµͳͳ˿
ͿḾˣٿԴͦԾַֻɿֱŹѩ˹
ղһ΢ӣһɻ治ֽˣȻǷֻǶһ˼˵ȷҲˡ
ѩû뵽Էдһ֣һʱ͵һ龪ȴҲ˷硣
Ḿÿ죬ѩø죬΢΢һΣֱֻա
Ḿһ˿֮£ۿһͷҪײǽϣһ͵תٿطҽţ⣬ֱԷ
ѩһȻ֣һáᡱһУֻһ֣̽ס߳Ľż⡣
һ㣬Ḿ˾ܲˣӴؽһ
﷽Գһѱѩ𷴹һֻ֣ۣһ°˴ϡ
ѩҪȻҡ㡣
һŮ˵ôĻѩ𵹻ͷһء仰ãǸḾ˹Ȼٿˣȴһ˫ʤµ۾µµһֻڶԷתѡ⣬һֻŻڶԷϣղ߾ڰУһʱּ˸ͨ졣
ѩ漴Ҳæɿ֡
Ḿ˴һĲǽ
һŶԷȻˡ
ѩô£ľ㣬㷴ҳ֣ҿɲˡ
˵գת뿪
Ḿ˶ʱһ𡭡ߣ𡭡
ѩع̾һôһܸðѻ˵ˣҲźþ㡣
Ḿҡҡͷ
ԷղųУѩ¾˺ԺˣշǾ֮漴ı⡣
ðɣ㲻˵ˣﲻ˵֮һǷˣҲ߲ˣ߰ɡ
ḾĨһϵᣬصֻǣôߡأ
ҡ
˵漴ת˰š
Ḿȣæȥֻһ
ѩץסһֻ첲Ӳüô£
ҡȡ
ѩһ뵽˸ղͼˣһȴٲѡȻ⸱ģȷܶһߡ
ӣ߲ˣұɣʱǲˡ
˵Ƿ
ǸŤһ£뵽˻᲻٣лӷ˹ѩϡ
ѩȷʵҶ´ҴҲǼͷİ䡣
ǰδէȻǰֲⷬɭŵȫ
󡭡үʲôطˡ
ѩһ˵תתģٵǰغðšһ¸һԭ״Զ
ڿԷˡô
ѩУҪ˵
Ǹ˱㲻ٿ
żѩֻߴˣҴȹɽȥµرԶݳ⡣
ԶԶԺǱߴһۣƺеƹ͸Բ֪̫үͤ£⵹֮õ
Թѩ֮һṦһˣʵڲô£䣬Ժǽ֮⡣
Ϊص㣬ѩȴҾʹͣԶһ̲ŷһļҰǰͣ
ǸḾˣۼŹѩṦò뵽˶ԷԮ֣ͬ죬Ǹм㷽أŹѩȽȽݵ޳һš
ѩһʱҲ֪ôοźã̾ˣӦø˲ǣôˣ
Ḿ˿˸ͷһ̾벻ûܻ뿪ȫǴүȣĴǣ
ѩҡҡͷ㲻ҪôƺңʵҲľ㣬ʵڲҾӹչأֻһˡղ˵ǡ
Ḿ˿Цţһ죬ճյصкãҵ֣ɷؽգ֪ûУ
ѩ΢΢һ£ͷգ㽭ٸǸգ
õͷ˵ʶ
ǵǡѩ˵ֻ˵ˣ˵һջܹ˫ַڣںݸﵱ˺ܶӣӦòڽԪ֮£ʧʧ
̾һګګصΪŵôҲ֪
ôˣǽ˸ɱˡɣ
˵鲻Խ
ѩһʹʣòϸԭί
ԭ֮գ˳ǧ񲶣Ǻݵطһһ˴ڣȷһѰɱȡ
κʵܻ˲ٵطΪĺڵùٷأܱܿԭ뵱غڵĹ˳ޡ
ѩĹĸ֣΢΢Цô˵Ĺְˣ
µ֡úֵ˶ǡߣںݣˡûбˡ
Ϊʲô
ΪշץǵˣҺ˵ץˣڶøն
ѹˡѩɷ참ץǱߵնȻŲǣֻǡȻˣΪʲôҪĻΪʲôְѺⲻЩô
óճյҡͷ˵˵ģɾͲˡұץס˺ö࣬һ㡭˵ĺá
˵ţſֻֱ
ͱˣ㻹ȫˡѩĿ⾼ؿм£֪һ£ҲͿΪʲôɱ㡣
ɱɱҪˡҵļҡɱҵĹšֻҡ
֪Ϊʲô
ô˵ɷղֳ
ڣȥˡ
֪һʲô
⣬һ룬ͷˣ˵ȥѺֵӡ
ѩ΢΢һ˵ֵӣ
ҡҡͷ˵ϸҲֻ˵ϷʡϾӣټϾĿܴ󡣸Ŷˣɷո˵ҪأŸǼĸء
Ͷˡѩ𼸺̲סĵķŭصǲŻһˡ
ôһΪʲô
ѩΪҪһֵӡ
ԭǺͿȫûƺȼһϣô˵ǲûɱɷ򣿡
ȻѩصһǾûĶˣɺޡ
˵վһԵһʵ㣿
ѩҡҡͷ
³嶯ãʵѼ֤Ĺ̾Ẽݵĺڵ֣Ϊһ֮ˣ˵һ֮޲
Ȼȴ̫үѲ˹ϵһλ̫ү֣㲻ܲ˴滳ˡ󣬲ΪƲ⣬Ȼ϶˰̫үһ쵼֮ˣֻ΢ϵȴѰζϸ˼
۾˸⣬ڸôأָȥأ
仰ʹùѩΪ֮һ㵡
ɵһ⣬һյĺľˣǣǾȳˣﰲأ
㡭ļأ
ҡ˼ңС˿ɾɲסҸղŲ˵ôѾûмˡɱҼˣҵķӡﻹмѽ
ѩأ
̾Ϣһĵر۾ҡͷԶءϹ
ˣﻹţʱҿɲܻȥ
˵Ҳǣ˵һḾˣôԶֽôߣοֲƽǸڵֵĶпֲͷ¶һĹµ˷֣ܻ
ôһ룬Ȼ࣬ɾ͡άȡ
ţְ
ѩ㲻ҪˣʱܻȥܵӡֻҪɷھͲ£ô
һ˵ҵǸɱڵģСʱ÷׮ʲôģ޹ȥս̹ҷڡ
ҲͺܲˡѩĿǰΣȷʵ߶ɣһ½ѣձбиլӣ﷿ӺܴҸкʱסһɷϢһҲӣ㿴ɺã
Ȼ˵ãлѡ
ѩҲȷʵûӣֻˡ
þƬϢǰûеˣɴݽˣ¾ɹѩţһ˰ձסҡ
ȷЩ⣬ֻǼΪѩ飬ҲһڴӦ
Ů࣬ʱɱ޷źõԡ£һš
ȴµʹѩֵܣ¾ҵ£ϸ°ϣҲûл˵ֻм仰Ҫֵס
˵ɣ
ղᵽ˵ǸĹȻСˣֵŻǡǲǵѽ
ѩ𲻶ɫصôǣ
ǵȿ֮ˣᵽĹˣȻˣüһգƤ
Ůħɱ˷Ż𣬰Ʊ٣Ϊҡˣ㽭գʡҲϣˡ˭Ҫǵ׼׶༪١
ٺ١һЦͦһظȻֵɲҪᣬΪô˵ʵϣǿûչ棬̸϶Թ
ѩһЦǴӽֻ֮±ӡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һЦȴһͿںţʵЩ
ѩȻһʱɹҲɲܣںڻüûе֪Ůڲ
̾һɫյؿЦֵܣұ濴ˣҪôС£ֻҪϸģǵɽ֣Ҳˡ
ѩЦдģҲ˷ཻһҼѲ֣ܿ㱻ǣòһŮ˰ˣҶΪˣ㲻в˴̽һյ䣬ʹžۣҲͲΪ²ˡ
ͷܺãһ˵ȥ̽£ĹϢ飬Ҳ뵽յŻСһĺá
ѩ̫үˣԴⱫԴ˾ûһţѩȴҲûнһ˵ 







 

  
ڶʮ¡Źְүǽ 

ƵһۣѵлЩӻյãΪǡΪٸֹϵãԼֵĽ̬ʱ֪һʹ÷򸾱žۡһ棬ɽһɷͽĶ̬˽⣬ԶԲߡ̸Щģѩǡ
תؿջλ̫үδתأﵹһǡ
תԼסʱһطԼоȻеƹ⣬ǵ̫ү뿪ʱ컹δڣƣյǺ˵
Ȼ̱⿪ա
ΪԼӳڲֽϵһŮӰӡٻӰ
ѩһŽԼõĶʱ䣬ǰˣ
ǰһߵһˣ
ŷŴ򿪣ЦٻصŶһϮǳɫĳȹҷڵϣƸأȴһ̺Ķںڵ㷢ҲƵرɢ
ʹùѩ΢оǣȻƸڱϵһڳĽӴֻƾ¶ͷһسӣ޳ʽжһڲɶõ
ԲԼˣɣһתգһ£еġ
ѩҪߣ
Ϸţ΢΢һͷֶ˲룬һڡ
Ҳûж΢΢Цţʦ֡
ҲҺܿͻԺлġ
Ҫȥô
ԲҲܸ㡣
΢ЦţƤգһֵۣطԶ˳Ҳͻˣʣţɴһһ˰ɡô
ѩȥҶ֪ôȥҲֻ˵˵ˡ
Цһ£ûٽȥѩĿ⣬תһתصܹҪԳȻһҪ¡
ǵһ˵ÿǺҪô
ǲһġ
ޣˣǷҴ˽ǣ
ѩ֤Ҫ䣬Ҫɱˡ
ǲɱ˵ġ
һɱɾ;顣
̲סЦһ㵹Ǻ˽ңӦܶӣղȥˣ
ѩһۣݲô𡣷˵ˣˣ֪½˺üѣ٣ǽιúأ
ѩһ
æԽ˵ɱᣬҿûаи㣬ֻƾ²ˣͺһλ
˵һλʱһָ̫үķָһָ
ѩ̫ү
һüëмص˭̫үǾ̫ү϶ǹŹֵúܣȰ㻹ĺá
ΪʲôأѩһЩҲʶ
ҡҡͷ˵˹ǸҪһЩ˵Ǹˣʵҿȴͼ˵
˵Ȼͣס
ѩ𼸺ͬʱƺݶЩΪҹֻ̤֮΢رֱ
ﷴӦȷġ
ڶϷ죬ѩʾԻһ֣ƹٿϨͬʱһֻҲƳ
һӣһֻһ㡰˳ȥ
ѩԭȥһ̽ʱѳȥǲضһ٣Ϥ֪һṦѣȥ̽˰˳Ӳ׷١
ųĴۿŷݳӣ˵ǺÿӷݳͬʱֱֱذһʽĹƼеҶۡһУݶ
䰵Ժȴ¹ȾһͨǸҹӿ
ѩ𾲾ڴתء
Ƭ֮䣬ȥɴӽȹ伤ɷ֪֮ͣȴֻһգȶȥ֮ȷѩ޲ѡ
ѩ˻֣µ˵ƣȴɫʮֱ䣬һԵ
ʲôûУ
ˡ̧ͷһۣ̫ˣûпֻһ·
˵ʶŸڹսǴĶԴһۣģȻǼӾȻŵƣ˵λϿ˰̫үڻˡ
ߣ׼
˵ŷٿվߣȥҪʲôģ
ѩڰ̫үͻȻתأв޻ɣȻ֪Էһ˵ãɤôһˣɲá
˰ɣѾôˡ
ߣûôõ£ɡСôһˣ͵˼˵ʲôģ
ѩ߳С㡣ָһ´˼Ҫ顣
εȽ߸ԣں˭Ҫųȥǰʦ
֪龹ɡ
ոһţɾӭ˶Է̫үӡ
۴䣬𩷢ףɫ£ֱˡ
һֻŹɵһһֻߵŵ̬ɷӣָûдŰ壬žԿˡ
³ͻȻ㾰֮£һʱ޴ӷֱֱֻؿá
̫үࡡһŹѩһ֣ԲסԲס黹йͣİɣ
ߡ
˵һķ
ԲֲֻۣǸҪ˸ˡ
ͷ˵
һ˵ָһԵλ££һף۾಻ɰӣǰñ𷭴Ƥװ򡣡
ѩ𲻽һ벻λ˻𱬣Է̫үε֣ܳһףֻһٳɲ֮֡
ʱ֮£һԲȴԷ̫ү죬ֹţʲôƤ˭ִʲôƤţ
һ˵ɾ²ˣȴǸССŹѩһٵ
һճӣȳ˰ɣɵúܣйͣһ鳢°ɣ
ѩӹ̫ˡ
ִ黹ڵģɹסջϳһ·̣ɴ˿֪̫үÿĽų̡
ѩ΢΢һЦŹѵûأ㳢һɣ
һ͹ȥ
һͷƫһԡ
ѩԼһת̫үҲһɣ
̫үٺһЦһ¶ӵǾ㷹Ҫụ̂λգǡ
˵һ˫۾ȴֱֱسŹѩҪΪ𻰡
һһۣٴΰͷתһߡ
ѩ΢΢һЦŰ̫үҡҡͷǰˣҲ֪
Цһһ˫βӣֱŰ̫үӹͱˣ̸̸Լɣ˼ȴʲô̫үأѵհˣ
˵̫үΪЦšһֻѩ׵֣ϳ룬ֻҪˣСֻܽһҲδɡ
ðɣôƺɣֻ㣬ղŸʲôϷǲ㣿
̫үҡҡͷ˵˵Ҽ˷ֲǷ·ߣרϷС˵ǲǣ
ﲻһ죬仰˵ģΪղȥӻôһ˵ԼһʱײƫƫԷһɫӣȴԼá
ȻԷ֮ѩԷ֮ˣһ룬
ͻˣģҲϸشýȴ翣Īһǣڼ̽£ûжԷȷ֮ǰ޷ݴ
ǰƺһܺõĻᣬ״
ôţ˪ϣһЩЦ̣˶Էһۣګګ˵ô˵ҿˣȻղŲûпȴϵϵ·
̫үٺһЦ㿴ˣͺ˼ҸղŻںģ񿴼һˣͷԽһҪһ񲻰ѹﵱǸˣ
ɲסꡱЦˡ
ͷ˼Ҳܶˣ¹ȥҲˣˣֻҪϸŵ㣬´οɱҵҪȻҿǷŲ㡣
̫үһƵƵŵҿɵúúüˣҪȻ´η˹ϣǰ˳ɶˡ
˵ʱһ˫ĿϸעţԷĿ˵̬ʹλðؼһ
ʱʧȥЦݡ
һˣҲ֪ҡ
Ҵˡ̫үʶ˺٣Ҳࡣ
ˣҲ֪
ʲô̫ү˭
ﻺص˳أǨʮɽ˼Ҷǡʵȴû֪˵𣿡
ﻺ˵ţһ˫۾ȴգҲգŰ̫ү沿顣
ֻȴʧˣ̫ү鲢һ֮£Ȼ΢΢Цˡ
һԵĹѩΪΪ֮һΪᵽҲԼԻһˣ֮£һŰ̫үȥ
̫үڶע֮£΢΢ͷ˵ġֻϧܷ档
Ϊʲô
̫үΪҲֻ˵ȴûмôúõػ
صЦЦΪ˵еˣ㾹мơ
̫үǺǵЦˣС̫ḻˡ
˵ӱһվˣлǸ̸ɡ
ѩϢˣ
̫үѩ죬ҪȥԶطѣܻܵٺúþһ۰ɡ
˵˵һͷ漴ⲽ
ѩֱתطУԻ
ȴԿŰ̫үķŷ
ѩΪǴ˵еĽΪʲô
ɫѽֻ֪ôѣ˵еĽҲôһСӣ书ߣΪأ
ѩʵΪ֮һʮֻҪԾ߷ˣ޲Խ˵еˣһֺ棬˵ƺףмǶһд˵Ϊ׽Ӱ֮ʣ˵аƶΪҲһš
ʵڲ֪ѩô˵ţ뵽˰̫үܼǡ˵Ļһʱ˻ҡ
ʵ˵һ̫ѾصѹǰķĪδķչǵУǲ֪ıؤﶯټһеŮáôһԶЩмܲסƫƫڹϣ˰̫үһ˼֮£ȻԾĵʿ֮֡
֪ϢȻڽϴ￪ڵ˼Ⱦָʵ¡
йϢȷʵʵڣδһսѱ⡣ɱǣĿǰΪֹ͹ѩ֪վһߵģûһˣҲԼΩһ֮ˡ
ʲô
Ƿͻôһʣѩأڳ˼֮УŷλԱߡ
ûʲôѩֻаѰ̫үóݵֻλ̫ү¡ʵһֵˡ
˵ЩʲôֵΪ
ѩԲԼͼıʡ֮׵ֻ΢ЦҡҡͷǵǣֻǾһˡ
Ͳһˡ
ŵѵ㻹ûո߼ˣ֮ܿϣ
ŷŵ龰һṦֱǲ˼顭룬˴ĲƣҪСĵطһˡ
˵΢΢һЦҡҡͷ˵ˣҪ̸ˣúõһҹôһŪһ¶ûˣˡ
ѩһͷ˵͡
һŴҪ֮ƫһ۾룬תһתȴֹ΢΢ҡһͷ㼴֮䣬ںڰ
쬵ķлصţҰĿĹˣֻ֮һƬɫ
Ѹˣֻʣ°ؿݾȴŲ֮һ֮𣬰ǷոɾɻҽȻڴŢһ¶ñġ̡⡣
ʯϿšʯ硱֮֮֡ƣϲ֮һؽ磬˳ǰȥһվݣȥ⽭أ߿ɾͽ㽭ʡĵˡ
ʱԼĪʱǰʱ⣬ĪֺһҼ̴ﶼð̡
ˮǳˣȴŲѼӣһֻֻų򣬴һﶼϹ壬ȣѼ⣬
һͷѾǵСѰõѼʳһȺëȴԵô꣬ǵȲˣżӵ˹ŰΧסæңֽŲرѼӱϣֻʹ۽У裬衪
ͷæȴϾСﱻѼĵñ죬ʹÿѼʳֻͣǰѼҴһһʱɹߣһš
ȴһߣǺЦ
һͷңüëܳĺУһӻɫģѾܾˣһֳŹһȣϻһķߵĻԵС
СԿ޵ģ״ʰһȥǵǰѼȺ·׷ɣҽвѡ
ЦҪҪ㡣
һ˵Ѽ弽ǰƽٵգȺѼѹٷ𣬶ȱë൨ҷ˲ɣ
һ˵ƵƵӶһֻ䣬Ƿ
˵Ҳ֣⼸۵ЦȴȻЩԭɵѼӣȻǹԹ
ǸιѼӵСԭѼˣģ״ʱֹס˿һ˫ˮ۾ֵֻпš
üСһޣѼʳֺã㲻ɣ
һ˵ֵͣػӣзҲ磬ǧֻѼ÷
СﱻѣæͰѼʳֺãǧֻѼںе磬һֻֻزȵкȻͣס֣ظ̬ɽţ׷ӵǰʳ
üкǺЦ㿴ǺãһιѼʱһ£Ͳᱻˡ
Сԭ޶ԷȡЦԼ벻ȴΪ˰Լһæһʱ˲ϵĺʹźЦ
ãιѼӡţüëó
ԺǺЦˣһؾС֪
Ȼˡ
һ˵ţ˵ĴľͰѼ弣ȴֵشźеףԭѽ
ǣǡ
ģ
ĺΪңֹģ
Сʮˣ˵Ƶһ˫۾ȴֻԲµµֻڲͣתš
Уʲô֣
ûֻ֣зţˣͽһаɣ
˵һ̽˰ӣԶµιѼιȥˣ
ССŵһͷźеҪˣҿɵˡ
һתǸ˴裬иԵĺֱľͰȥ
һ˵клԵǸæ߳һϵ·
ʱǸüѻ˹һ˫ֺʮŸ˰ҾӷŮʩˡ
ǸΧȹϲֻ֣ʦҪǵҵǰ棬ҪǮɵҿûС
üҡҡͷˣˣвҪǮֻһգûгԷŮʩֳɵ෹ʩһ룬Ҳý⼢
˵ԭ
һԵæУйͣأ
˺ݺݵصһۣСٲ졭Цʦô˵ͬͰɣ
ӷ𣬴ţţ
һ˵˺ʮΪҾͬĸŮų߹
ռţڵĻ˸ţڵŶһ߰ϰ˼Ѽ⣬Ҫ͡
ӷ𣬸˹ô
մϻȣһӵѪɱϺеĽű㲻ٽˡ
ɲ𣿡Ǹָǰְط٣СӴⲻ˵ġ
ԭˣʧˡ
˫ֺʮ԰һݡ
ҿǲɾʦүҪǲ԰ɣ
ǺãҾԺɡ
һʯϺвֻʯһһʯ
Ŷ˳һϡ࣬һڵͷһСصĽˣͦˡ
üͶˣĿ֮£ʳָ󶯣߶ţлл㲻سԺ
˰ЦʦԼðɣҲ̺ˡ
ϺﲻжֻֻƵƵʮл
кȥֻһӽŲ˹ǵ÷ϺУ಻ͣ¿ӣ̧ͷȥ
һˣɲſڵĹҲǽǱڵڿͣһׯںӡ
ˡ
ɲһׯںôʮӣÿ˶һƲñ£ǲЬһ˫϶һӣ֨֨һƬ
ôԶԶǰ˺Զ·ɾҲ߲ˡ
ʮӣվǰͣվѵõϢһŹµСŵӭ˳ȥӻһ˼䣬˴˰æһ󣬱ׯںȫӭ˽ȥ
С￴ϸĸ׵裬ְΪʲôǶ
ǵĿѽ
Ǹ˿ҲЩͿˣֻʲô˲ĹţæһɱѼģͷһȺӵׯںӣ˵ûҪϿӦУ͹˲ԷϺУŲر˳
Σһ֡Ĺ٣žһˣ۹λƷСòСˣ˵½׳Ƶءү磬ҲǶһСܣȴҲһôͽϲɱشүҪ㣬վϹӭģ˵ǡʮŸաһŲµĲøɡ̺ȴйؿѭµľһ֥СĽ죬ѲˣһŻ˰飬ģСܵһٶñϹϾӭӣһ紵ݶɶԲ˶ߡ
渮̨ž͹ˣҪرС̺Ӳ¡
ϸΣγٿɲֻ֪֪ӲǺݵͷջͬزۣһͬʡѺģ˻û֮ǰعǷ׷γٲҵġ
γٸС٣ʮˣС٣ĿɶˡĲ²˵ֻ۾һ飬öһɾ֪˾šƾ飬£˵˻˵ȻǰӲ£ȴǴ۶ЩƶŪ嵵ʲô
زͷˣټϸصͷͷͷϽˣЩͷ۲Ϲλ˵಻Ǹµͷƽڵطϣһգ̼˭Ҳ֡
γ벻ͨˡ
ʲôĲ£ȻҪһصĲͷүȫΪ֮ˣǰ˼⡣
ٵڣ˫棬γƺ«ûд򿪣Ǹˡ
ʮ󺺣һһӭݣҪˮæһš
γڲ෿ǿӣ˰̣˴
λǧ֮ƵĴͷգѾϴˣһò裬γæվȭ򹪣ǿ΢ЦţţǸ˴鷳ˡ
ʲôϸԳֵܻܲд𣿡
ҵҵղ½ˣר̻ϸʰ
̡Ÿͷ˴˶Цγٴһк
֮γע⵽һׯڴ磬ȴڴڲ㣬һƬ飬ϵŲЬҲճ顣һߣйٲ˵ǺҪТɥˡ
ôγֱֻۣвصλ
ᵹҲˣһֻ۶ˣһƬѩףֻǲЦƵƵҡͷ
һԵĸزͷڱӲæγټһ۾γ١һɾûٽȥ
ƺһӳ
ŷ㶵γ٣ﲻòԼӽ˵
үϴŻ֪ͷ˵شһγɳˡ
⡭γپŵҾû˵үӿɺã
Ͳˡҡҡͷɫ
һˣһͷһĶûУȻҲû˻شүĻˡ
ͷԣγæı仰⣬Űƣλһ·һӶˣԷȥ
ʱ˿̣仰ˡ
ǧգһվЦ˵Ǹֵ֣ǳԷȥүŪʲôòˣ
ڵϳԵÿõ𣬷ŵ£仰һڣְѴһˣһʱԴϲһֺԺʳӵ˹ȥ
ʳõİ;γס˺ڱӲСô£ռʲô£
ҡͷ̾һô£Ȼ֪
γٵûǧۣ˳ںݣ
ŰͷսĶ䣬ü͵Ϲĸ˸ˣˡˡȣؼɩҲ˸°ˡ
һ£γŴˡ
⡭ҵ졭˭µĶأ
˵ˡ°ͣ˳Ǹǡ
Ǹǡ֪ʲôʱʼͳһ˵ĴʣʡɱԽΪǸŮǿˡĹ
һγٿɾͲٿˡ
ҶиɻƵģһᵽǸǡ˭ڣ˵ĹҲͿ֪ˡ
һŻټҵѪ֮󣬻ܱ򶨵ˣʵǲ֮ΪӢۣ˾صĵطڴˡ
֮䣬ȭĻȭ壬ȫô¡
ǧֻ˶ôһݳĬˡ
ϯϣûд˵ЦֻڳԷںǵβմǵԼմеز죬Ҳһûģ̫Ҫ˲˭Ҳ
һԺĵȴѷ˿ӣλγٵһͷ뷹
γվ˵˻࣬ȥ￴ȥλسԡ
֮߳⡣
ոɴ˳Żæŵμɩӱȭɩ࣬ٷҲ̫ˡ
μɩϸһ£Ӵһⲻֵ𡭡㿴˫۾˰죬ֻһׯںأ֪
ЦЦ˵ͽйٲɼѽһͷࡣһ಻ôˣ
ߵؽһش塣
γҲˣԸĵæȥɣҸֵȥ
˺ԺӣɾͿ˹µʯͷϵǸС
ףγЩ⣬ǣ
ҡЦŵҪԵģˣ˵ЪЪȡ֣ȥй
𡭡γû£һȥɣ
ˣֵܣӲ¿ɲõɣ
γմǻ
ö˵տһųҡҡͷͲû
ʮ꣬ľصصı󺺣ȴ벻Ϸ˲
γʵӲǡ
յѺػ
ͲˣҲ˵һ͸ڹ£νġ
жõ飿
ܵɣ
һ쵢飬˿ֲˣʮˣѺػɱס£һҪ˲ٵһɾѲ˸ϵ֮½סֳݡǧյȻˣȴҲĪ
ûӵ¡˵˵ûӣǵϢɲƽǸǼȻҼﶼ֣룬ŵùǣ
ǣҵᣬôźأһϾ˿ڡ
ϵܣγ˰ĴۣŵҪǸֵܡܶԸô
ߣǿɾͺ˵ˡ
Ӵɵÿӣõʱ˲ӡ
Ҳ𼱡˵︮ţҶѾ֪ͨˣҪȫ
ǣôһûа
ɣȥ
һǰһ˾Ϳ˺Ժȥ
֮ʣʵǸдۡ
г
ǡûСô
û£ֻʡ
ҪҪ·
أһԵ顣չɵصҪҪȥȥȻˣװɣ˿кﻯԵһƬͣҿ˳ۡ
γٻףռ˵ûûȥǸС
լӣ߶ġ˶Կһۣ
γǰкûУ
֮һЦЦˮǳϹ
һղŵǼԶţò׼ʲô·
ôһ˵̫лγҲˣʱϱɫ
ȴ΢΢һЦ࣬ࡣγ￲һȥ
Ǳּˣ߸ӵģԶԶ˶˱㶼ͣ
γڵطһָ˭ʶԶĳһү
˵ҲǹﲼġγٲǷģԶȴ߰˸ˣͷԵضšһһڱϣ˭֪ǡǻ
ǧһЦָЩҷķǿϡǽȥɣ
γپһ֮ﵹ̤ʵˣյɫȴɿ졣
˺ԺͼγټģڸǸ˵һۿγ٣ǰ߾ʹˣǵҵĻˣʦԼȥ˵ɣ
γٶ½Ųô£
˵ʦ˵ҪסϣҿɲҴӦ
γһ㶵Ҫסã
Ǻкʮʩ㷽㣬ϺֻסЪЪҿԸǮֻҪиط˯ˡ
γüˣûæô࣬ﻹзӸס
ϺЦҪҪطѾˣޣ񷿾ͺܺá
˵Ĳ񷿣ŲԶ˵ǲ񷿣Ҳǰԭסˣڿţôһ˵γٵǲ˵ʲôˣֱܾŤģһۣϣʾһ
һֱעУûпʲô̬ϺдüĿģһǸˣ˽סƽ¡
Ųߵߣʩһ񣬵û̴ʦôƺɲ
ʩ̫ˡϺګګֻһķҰɮȵиţϽд¡
Ǿͽʦɣתγٵ˾͸һ㣬үʹӦɣ
ӷʩǸġϺϵӣӡ
տЦЦҲ˵ԼԽȥˡ
γپ͹Ϊ׼̸ǣСʳˣںȲ졣
հزͷһ飬СĵһУʱɾͲˡ 







 

  
ڶʮһ¡Ѻ· 

ƥһ߱۹
ણôڸѵϣԶʹ˹
ҹһĶڲر⣬һ紵ݶʹľƣ˱˽
ող˽ţȱѵγ٣ϢòˡԵػ
ЬϰһС˴ŵǰԺ
˵ϱůͣѽµ죬Ӻ⣬ҲǺܹܵġ
γһֹţǴӺ˵ⶼʲôʱˣȻһۿݵëģվºԼγٵ͸ˡ
ô˵Ĵģǽȥ𣿲ˣô
ŵ˼ˡ
ëĻŲǰյγߣѹɤӵǾĸ߲
γһ̶ЦģҲѽ˾ˣʲôӣͿ
ëæסСүŵѽģǻʲѽ
ʡʲ
һ仰סˣʱ˵
ëšüëӿɴģҿүǸϿȥһˣҪȻסɵóġ
˵ֻôѴߺ֮е٣١ӣӻС
⼸ߺȣɷϷĵף׼ıƵǻԲ
γֻһӷ䣬ɾ֪Լùǵͷ˲̺ˡ
ӦһŲϼӦʯγˡ
ˡ
ڣȴֱ룬ٳض࣬ԷǵٲģһСãҪǶԷҲҪԼԴҡ
ϰ죬Ŵ˾仰
ôģýôأ
ҡ
־͹ëǡʲϣγжĵܲŵľս
һҴҰϰãŷִֵ֮䣬Լ˴Ϲ¡ɴˣһʱŵɫһζֻó˵ǰͷ
ְ֪λϲȥμ롭
ˣٻ·춼ˣүˡ
ӡһӽҿһ˸ĺ˳
ϳϳһšŨüӡһֻų۵ĳһֹֻӣȫǼķ糾֮ɫ
ƾγٵʣȻڶԷϿһ˿Ϣ
ڶԷĴһĨ籡㹻˵˶Էݣ߶ԷȾһڱٻƺġɡ
ؽ٣˴ŹǻŶͦʬ˯֮⣩
Ͱγٴݡ
ŵġվŵģͬǸӣһǰ˸ˡ
һĴŴ磬ÿһϮۣһϮӿĳۣӱ׾ѥ٣ϵĲ̫ϣٵĲ̫٣ʮʮ֮䣬ڸϵɫһģ̳ġ
мǸȥԵһЩֻ˫ȴΪ
γĸһһϸ꣬ԿһۣʹͷȴţŪôһˣǸʲôģ
˺һǵݣ֪𣿡
ǡγٿڲӦĵصλүɵǻʲǣ
ϲ˰һ˫ӣƺ˵
ô¡ϣͶ꣬˵·ֲ̫ƽÿʰ޷ӣиļҲ͹ˣپǣһĶӶˣʲôŪɱүǵȾˣûѽ
γٿЦ⡭λϲүմְûеõһϢôˣӶˡ
˵ͼһӣһĵˡ
һڣɾͲǻԲıˣȻǼ̶ɽ
㻹Ҫ쿴ǵǲǣ𣿡
γǷӦְңֻ
ί˼㣬ҲЩϳ壺λүʾݣְˣɾûϲ
ǸɽԲֻۣŵǸͷˣȴĿסһǰġӡݹȥһʱ⣬ٺһЦֱγǰ߹
⵹Ǿ˻үǻܰ׳԰סҪ
һ־ǶʮһԪ׻һ֪մӿġ
γ˫ֽӹлֹ⻬֪һɽĸҲͽһ롣֪ɽٿӣⷢһֱ͹͢Ȼٷȥ⶧ո˹ǵһγ֣ԱĹٿ⣬ӦǺˡ
ų͢νĽʿġӡһ似ܳ߱ܡÿΪʵ˽ϲ£ɱˣȡ׼ǧ⣬̽ȡطС޲ηЫ˸ˣؾ·ˡ
ıͺһЩӦù˰ɡǵݣ㻹ǲ֪ĺáûУ
γﻹҺӦһˡ
ûӣֻ°ɡ
ŷɱٴν˳ڷӲֻаԼլ˳Լһ˼˺ķãҿɾ͹Ƶˡ
ãע⵽˶ԷҲûнһޡ
䷿ӵķǣǸǳûкӵĶԷͷռһ䣬ʣµ߸ȴ䷿
һæֱʱǰ㰲
γϴ֮ǰӷϿЦų̾ϢһǰҲҪˣȰȺүԺҾϴǳʣˡŴ˯
ʯе˵ҹƺ̫ˡ
ÿ˶ǻŹ¡
ǧȻࡢʹһŲһٲأԲѵ˼磬ǵϢҪر־ҪȻϳ˲ԼͷɾͱҪˡ
Ϊ㲻òСĽ
λϲסվ£ȻѴ̽ˡµĽҪƽʱǲվձĿˣǴ̽Ľ˵ݣɾͲҿˡ
ٳϰأһñѹˡͬǹﵱˣʲֹԵƣӴ˵еġ¡ʿǲֻСվضΪǣĻԴùͷ
ĸ죬նǰԺƫ
ֻԺյٵƣԼֵˣÿһλεĸֵ־ķڿŲ£صǽصܲͷ쵶ͷ
ͷʮˣٲˣ꣬Ȼϵĺ£Ҳ޿κΡ
Ϊ˻ʮİӴССˣգǽܳҪԼ참ӵľ飬ЩɾͷΪ
Ҫҹƫֵͣҹ࣬Ȼûԭģʵ֮ܲδ֮ȣ֮δ֮ǰ
ԣһ̤Ժӵͬʱֻټӿ֨һһӰٿǰֳһ縵룬ݰ
ǧ񲶡Ȼһ֮£ٿһŷ˭΢΢һͷ
㡪
쵶Цԭͷôˣ㾹ȻûϢȴΪΣ
ջ֣һ̾ͽ²ģҡô˯ţ
һЦѴ¿ˣ˻治٣Ҫ治ףſ԰ģһ£ͷ֪ע⵽ûУ
ҿһۣŽȥ˹͡
պȻᴵһꡪ
Ҳע⵽ˣæסڣԺͨŴȻһƬƹ⣬һӰƬ֮󣬻˳Ȼˡ
һӣʱڴǻǸϲ
ҹأͷϼһñӣʽرͷƤϣںϵдӣ紵졣
һϥ³һֳŵ˽죬ʱ˾֮һٿرԲһ˫ӣֱŶԷӹȥ
˰һ˫۾ӣµµתһתмЦЦٿءۡһһ̵µؼǰС
ǧղһüԽ𻪵ϲͷ˸
һʱݱԷ֣ǶԷ˵һһȴܺرǿС
ﶼչԺǾϽ˽졪˫лһǰס˳˵ȥ·
ѣʲôģǲߵģأء
лҲ˵˴ʲĹͣǸ棬˵ˡء֡
ȻλϣûԤڵá
ˡ͡ЦһǸʲôģʵúãǸʲôģ
һ֣˵ҿŻġ
˫лչŵֻܹһŭСҲˣүǿɲһס
˵ţлصһƣֱŶԷƹ
һ԰üͷһá
裬ȴ
ԭǳһǲƺʹĲлôһ֣ɾ»һٿ۵һлϡ
СǻǷᡣ
ʹһɾ˻һš첲һѰлˤ˳ȥһˤˤ⡣
ǰбһݽǣлƣɲһͷײϵƣҪײˣɾͲ
еպ̳һ
쵶Զһ٣һ֮ƣԴ˫ͬʱһգѰѿелס漴
˿˿֮⣬ֻߣЦѡ
л壬Ŷ泤ָָ಻ɰӣǸʲôģԼ˵ɣǲһס
ԭһټʮӣ벻Էôһ߳Ʊץס˶̴ʱΪ֮һһ˫ƽüëһ֣Сӣôĵǻòͷ˰ɣ
һЦ˵ڵǼ⸱ӵĵԡ
һ٣ֻһӵ
죬ȲһӵϣΧס
һЦǷˡ
ڣֻѺһֱǰһֱ
ֵմһѽն룬ۿΣ㲻飬ߺһڸֵͬʱ˷ֱųȫк˹
Ӹ鲻ߣֻٿһϸתɨ˳ȥͨУɨһˡ
ǵƲˣϵֵһƣֻûһУȻжһ⻪Ȼ߹ǹ
ԭѲ֮䣬ʱһĳ֮ƣ߹Ǽǹϴһ㣬ֱŵڶ̹
æһϸֵһãֻáһ죬ΪԷ߹ǹ˸
һЦ֡
߹ǹһӲ֮ƣһϸֵѺַɳ
ȻƵһʱ֮ѡȴǰ˵ĵ֡
ӵ֮£ɱ߹ǹһ˦֮ƣȻָֻꡱһѩһǹ⣬ǰǰ֮ڣһʱѪȪӿʱһغ
쵶Ȼڲǰˣﵽײ޹ǣһԷԴڵʿԼɾʹˣȻԷɱԼˣοɾˡ
Ŀ֮£ߺһٿһݣԿն鼱һѩ۵ֱŶԷ˵ͷǶͿ
һЦСӣɣ
߹ǹöϣУֱԷϷ˹ȥ
Ȼڵʮ깦ɲȸղżǰ״򷢡֮ϵĵƣԷ߹ǹѾ˸գһͽ֮ʽ۵ųϾ
ʣµ죬ۿͬڶԷ߹ǹ£һʱѳ˺֮ǣôһ룬ʱһߺȣ£˵ղײǵһ֣ɾЩŻʧ룬֮£Сϣѳһĵͱһ£һʱѪע
һϲԵͿԷ̣ܣȴԺǽһ˹ŭ߳СӣԶ١
˵ꡪһӰǰֳ볤ͬװһ
ֻ϶űУһ˫ҽ˫һһ̣һ㣬ֱﲻòʱ˵ݳĵ˫һӴʱɱ
ǧʱվڰĿô飬ѷβ
˿̣Ȼǳ嶯ȴţŴ˷ƣ㬳飬ȻǶԷͼԼųȻ̬й۱ĺá
ǰɱأԳţһ½ּ˶ˣһߣȴȻֻĿǰˣ˫⣬߿ȥԵвУֻȴŲˣδаּ롣
ǧһŶԷͼȻķǰӰӰԸߴƮֱ¡
վλڰԷ԰ѶԷúȴԷᷢԼ
ֻˣȻɺ̤ԽȻɸߴƮ£Լ߾Ȼδ˵Ṧ֪
һٶϣϵľʮ£׺ƻ̬Ǹٵģȥ㣬룬粻״Ŵ磬һŮģϵĹȴпɹۣһƮ䣬ǰ˹ȥ
˵һеⱣĶͣˡ
Էʹ˵ȶңɧѿŻļͷȫסȻֳ룬һַ͸ŸֻȴȻδӹǧյһ˫۾
ۿ̬²˳١
һЦһ̽Ѱһ˫йٱȡϣͬʱһ㣬𣬡һһ˷ŵǰ
ԷûϵдһˣʱͣվסǸжվϵģٵһ֮ơ
õģԭˡ۾𣬡ʲô
ȴֻǸһͷܺãȻѿˣҲʡ£ǾԼɣ
˵ãһڳȻɾ¶ţ龹ǸŮġȻѹǵŮɫбΣһ֮£ɵΪ֮һ
˵꣬ʱͣס죬ȴ۾һе֮һһۡ
֮һʱǰһָյƾ̣Żĸ˿һԣ
ͷ˵ŨĴƲüټһۣıɫһ֮£֪һɱ˲գ۵ļһ
֪ԷһǿˣĴ治죬٣ȴǲ֪Է·ֱǸŮӿȻһһʱȻһֿ̹ĵĳȻѪ𣬼ԼڶԷǸĴ˵ʲôûֻһ˫Ѫ˿۾ضǸǻˡ
ѣ㱨ɣԹʾʶĿ̹ǳޡ
ǸǻˣһЦδô
һԵһƺһֱж䣬ֺ󷭣ѰѱںϵһеȡϣۿžҪ֡
мǸȻţһָգžǸ˳ǧհɣ
һ󷢶˵ûпۣǸĹ˰ɣ
Էһ㵣û뵽ԼĵװһͱԷвأ϶ʱΣϸüƵֳһƬɱ
ԳݣҾĹԭҲл֮ȴĲ㡣
΢ͣߵ΢΢ɫһȲ˫˫һ˹
һӶһУ߼ǳбеһĺŲôһţʱһ٣һƣǰ˵еݷ˵Ͼ
ռȻ֪ԷǽϾ޿Ĺһ뵽Լһ֮ޣֱѣ಻ŭ߳һһں嵶ٿذ˳
Ǻॡһ嵶ܿ˶Է˵ıСֻҾóһâ
һƴѵ
ۼǧ񲶰գ书˵ǲȴþǶζϵ֮УǴ˿ಫͬ
է缲籩ӭϮһʱҲ棬Ųһһ˲ʱһ䣬װĹǰŭ߳һŮ
嵶һתżһɼ磬ֱĹﵱͷ
ĹһЦһתһֻٿڿһ£ɵֱŶԷǿ嵶Ϸ˹ȥ
ˡһ
Ĺһֻ֣ӭ˶Էǿھ嵶Ӵ֮£ϵ嵶ĸ߸ߵĹ߳һŸһƣֱҪȡ
һֱȡյģþͿһһ˶Էָ棬ȴ㲻Էʵġ
ǧ񲶡ֻҼͷһۣһѱ˳ȥ
ζϸ飬˫˫ϣһǽһеյİ嵶սһš
һڲսӵȶˣһʱҲѷʤ
Ĺ￴ɣһ㣬ǰͷ
һ۱ţէƣܲͳһĹְУת֮ߣرܿ˶Է棬Ĺݳֶָȴֱֱز۵˫ۣ߲ҽһʱֱֱ浹˹ȥ
Ʒչˣ˵Ĺһдٵʵͼֻ֮£ȻУȽյľţԷɢ
Ĺһȵ룬ȴڿ쵶˫˫һƺ಻֮Уִַ˫˫סԷţһ֣ѰѰϮĶˤ˳ȥ
ֻĿͷʮӣÿһ֮ǰֵػţʿ֪ЩװصЩʲôˡ
ĹЦһһٵƣһӵǰ˫⧷֣ŭӥõطŵǰץ
һּȿֺݣԭԴ׼ڶԷ˹ʱݿһһǿȥˣȴäȣ׼ͷһ߿֮£ѳĹﵱһץ˸ʵ
Ҳһ
Ĺڽϵڵϵ죬ߣһγֻ֣ʽȴ
ֻ֮£ʮָʮذף̽Է֮䣬һʱƤѣѪĽڳֲλȻҪڣʱͻ˹ȥ
ĹǰϮǵӵǰּ¨ץȥ
ڳȻڶ࣬Ωڸְ˾һ飬뿪ʱۼŶԷһٸҶ³֡
򶷵øΪңһܷˡ
Ĺг϶ʮֵɵáѰ̳ǽҿˣǰֽҴ۴ȻҫԵĴԪ
дһ̽ҲͲٿЦһ˿һͿڴһڡ
ЪӰͬνİʲжˡ
һ׵ŨüӣһֽĳӣһһͻȻŷ˸ĵƹ⣬еĹʹߡ
ȴһ˴ȵ󵨣Ǹҡ
һȫѪһ嵶Ȼɱ˽Ǵ˴Ѻȫĺݸǧա
ֻϰȾѪգжദҲʣһ룬˵һϲƮĹǰ嵶һӼļ磬ֱźĹﴽǣЦ
£ֻٿһתղ棬˫һͣʮֱָϰȥδмĴɷ˵ΪָմϣֻɷһʵˣҲ
յȻ֪״ʵһٹ˵ˣŲƣڵһʩڳ⣬պ㿪˶ԷҪ˫ơ
ʱӶ˫˫롣
һսζ˫սգռϷ磬ԼȴҲûʲôôǰ䣬Ҳ԰һ䲻أȴҲƤѪ졣
ԣǰٴδ룬޲ܽһȥ
Աһ߳صģ
ֱµ£һеֱշı
ǰ֮ƣ˵ʮ𼱡
ǧԭ϶ദҲʣд£ȫһǷιǾҪȡŻ֡
ۿսΪƽѪڶԷе¡һͿһɼϸķƵһ
лһɫĹߣƵϸ˿
áһ죬ƫУûڻее֮ϡ
ֻССһϸǾʵ˵ͣںϵеΪ֮ѳֲסһƫ׼ͷʧˡһذ֮ڡ
дһǧգ˵û֮һ췭ˢԾվ
ֳ˶Ϊ֮һ
ǺιУٿöȥ
κ״ȴһš
ٷգգ
æѰȥǳһҲǰ򶷹ڼңȻûע⵽Ȼڻ֮УһϺС
ͬʱҲ˸ղŽԼлöһöָ׸ǶС飬˿ǰϵԸתһѰʲӭײ֮ȴܱȻע֮ôȹʮúˡ
ǧվһ˲֮䣬Ҳ֪˸Ԥ
ʱֵǸüԷĺУȻռݺԺǸҲڴͶ޵ĺС
ʱȰʹγٴӦסޣȴ벻һ֮ʣʱΪԼһɱ֮ѣȴǵʱԼ֮ʼϷǼ
֮£Ǻģ˹һ˹
ֵǺдüĿ֮ʼδɫȴһڵϣڳ˫ôõǹƴ֮ͽȻںеһǰעĿ
һֱ߽ǸװʿĹǰվס˫ֺʮһӷʩ񣿡
ĹںһʱԼĴɻʱӭ֮£ȷʵ˶Է˭һʱɫ΢΢һ䣬غһ
㡪ƴ󡭡ʦ
ӷ𣬡гüƵƵչ˫Ŀ΢ϣģ겻ﾹȻϺУѵãգգ
Ĺغһֻ̬иеصʦ֪Ҫˣǣ
ƺкٺһЦ£˹£˯㣬˴ɱ֮ѣνһʤ߼㲻ݵϺҲָ档
Ĺ֮£ɫһЩҡһͷЩǮ޵˿õãοе
ƺвĹ˵꣬һŵӷ𣬹е֣öˡ˵ˣЩǮȷǳ޵֮޵֮;ߣ£ҲֻһιϵŰȴԹۣƹﻹຣǡ
ĹﾡһһֻöԷУǱȵ㲻óȻж
һЦʦǳˣȰ㻹ٹܵĺãҪ֪Ƿڱصá
˵ֵʱذЩԲһ˫۾ڱصõģ
ƺ֮ºǺЦˡ
ٷϺнҹ£Ҫ˭ڱصãӷ𣡡
˫綯վһʽ
Ϻ˫ֺʮƽȴдڵľ޷𣬰ϵһϮɮԹϺаƣǹƵˡ
Ĺ˵޷̧֮ˣöԷη壬ȴûзԤڵЧոԣ޲̰νԷһƫƫûӡ
Ȼߵȴ֪ߵغȻͲסˡ
ʱĹԮĸߡˣѲͣǸװӣиţ˳ƷսԪֺͣʱۿͷһʶĺѿ࣬Ѳͣ˵Ǻе۵ĹȻη飬ƺںеļ֮£֮⡣
Ԫʵ಻סһǻŭ𣬵ǰһ߳ǿɺޣҼҹúȴƫҪеѵǻ㲻ɣ
ƺ˫ֺʮ㳲ŭӷλʩִΣ
ִΣԪŭ߳ӿš
һﵹ˵ɾ͸ɣ֮䣬˵˺ǰ
ıһţ⵶ضŶԷǰСҪ
֣ⷬǳڳ֮⣬ĹҲֳֻһ˲ʶúеէ֮£ɲסΪ֮һ
ţ
߳Ȼһȴ赲ס⬽Ԫ͵ĳ֮ơ
ۿذף˸⣬һ˺ϣ˾Ϊ֮һ
̫ⷬˣ
ķչȻΪϡ
Ŀ֮£˫ذ׸˫˫ںȲõ֮ڣÿһڵⶼָĴסںⷬʩȻڶԷ֮ȣԲŻ˵۾ҲʹóĽԪʹһ
ϺأԹ΢ЦȻΪ裬ڽԪ͵Ĺƣֱϻ¡
ﾡܲ£ԪǱ߿˴ѣֻǵͨ죬ʩȫأδܰе˫£һҲͲɲ
ͺ¿˵ӡ
û˵꣬Ϻгü΢չһ񣬽Ԫ͵شֱɶ˫ľ֮ڡ
˫̵ȻľȴȻڽԪϡϴڵһͬʱΪϺиյѨ˫Ҳͱԭ״ֲֻǽֱڰҡţȴǲ׹
ƺвţСԵչʾһ֣ȴֳ˾޲Ϊ֮Ȼɫ䡣
Ĺ̲ԣΪʶöԷеǶеȣ֪еϸˣĿô龰֮඼ŵһĿɿڴ֪Ϻ˵á
ǰΣԵ˵ˣֻ·УһϺһƴһֻ·һ;Ȼ򲻹ֻ֪Ѷˡ
ĹȴԵüģɫ԰ףԲ˫ֱֱۣؿ˶Էϳһʱ䣬ԵͷЦһðɣϣˣ˴ʦϡ
ӷ𣬡ƺ˫ֺʮһҾĹ츣רл
Ĺüëһ뷢ײԼڣ仹߰Ѻ֣ȴԺһˣʵϺ̫ˣһŪãԼһ㽫ˮȨ֮£ֻ
һ֣Ĺ˪ߡ
ͬеļˣһɫɥǰ
ĹһŴ֮ǰ޲ЦһĿעƺеʦǳˣҹӲҪֹ£ֻ㽫ڲҹҿԲƽϣֻ˻Ų㡭
ƺһ˫üƵƵգѣ֮£ֻɫȻصһͷסס֪ƹ˭Ϊһ˵Ϻʺˡ
Ȼû˳֮⣬ǹܶ¡
ĹͷðɣΪѻ˾ǣʦ㲻ȰǴҾưɣ
Ϻ˫ֺʮһӷﻹһλʩһ߰ɣ
һЪһֻٿſлһӣеķ⬽Ԫص˸תֱֱ׹
ҲصһԪϵѨҲн˿ࡵؽһٿطԲһ˫ۣǸӣҪѺȥ
ҡͺ
뵽˸ղһ䡰ͺ¿ĳͷܲĴ澯裬ֻ˵һͺ֣Ļɾ򲻸ҳڣһʱֻŶԷУſڽ෢ɵ
еһͬ飬һ£ͷҲصرĹһתȥȴһ˫۵ذ׸߸߲ڴ֮ϣΪһβ෹Ȥ̸
ǧԭΪ˷ӣΣҲԱȫס£ȻʧԼҲֻɱ֮һ;ȴû뵽ȻΣһ˲֮䣬ĺС
зǵǾյҪǱȫ˻͵յ۾Ӳ¼ֱҪôһǰжǶɽˡ
ϺпһЦҲҪлңֻͷһأֻ黹أ¿治õӷ𣬲˵˵
һ˵һͷ
æ׷ʦƲʦ
ƺվס˽Ųعʩô
һҾȲʶʦˣʧ񣬻ԭ¡
ƺСһ䆪£ٿתߡ
ջû˵꣬æ׷ϵʦ»к󻰡ιι
ǰеϺһ·ǰУǣһֱ߳ƬԺԼסĺԺȥ
ǲʧۣ֮ಽظ˹ȥ
ƺվס˽Ų
վ֮ͨһƬ飬ֱеһ˫۾ֻĿתǱעţ촦һаƥ۵糸ǰʻпԶţĹһа˵ıӰȻ֪Ѷˡ
ƺв΢΢һͷˡ
ףϺҪߵԭΪӶԷȥ塣
ˡ
Ϻ˫ӣתһת˲񷿡
ʲһľӲ̲ݵ棬һǽȱһֻȵİӣһ룬õͣȼŶһ⣬Ƚֻܱѡ

˵һ䣬Ϻб㾡ԼѰʲô
ǧص̾һֳ򥣬˼֮С
ϺǰæǷȴһְֻ
Ҫˡ
һǸ˵ĺҶ֪һƵĸҩȫ˴һš
̱оɣһʹоܿرǰʹôЧȴǰҲûиоġ
һ־쵫мĿ⣬Ϻעţȴ֪лźá
Ϻлǰ
ԷǰȻˣȴǲʹ˸ݡϺлصҪôδȻ

ƺֻпЦķݶˡ
Ϻһ̾ɴȥһζ̶г̣Ƕ£Ҫرעˡ
һʦ˵ƵǸŮ
ȻһˣȴҪö࡭
տɾɵۡ
Ĺﱾ˲ûʲô˲͡Ϻлصˣȴͷ书֮ߣ֮Уֻºҵ֡
ղһЦˣһһ˭УŰɣ
Ϻе͵͵һӷҪһҲͲضˡ
̾Էɫãͬʱ෢Լ£Цҡҡͷ
ʦع˵˻ǰҿ˷硭
һ˵ȻԵô꣬վڷתһȦֻ£ƵƵȭͷţһ޷ޡȴ޿κεģ
Ϻһŵٷʩ£ȴǼ겻ã֪ͼȾָ֮ˣֹƹһأ
տЦһ£ʦָģĪļ޵
ƺһЦ㵹ҲЩţġ
Цϣ
ƺҡҡͷҪĸˣҲֵõˡ
յɫͻȻΪ֮һ䣬˵е棬۵ľ޵ɱԽΪʵ벻Ǹطʲô˱Ǹ
Ǿ֮էˣסɫ䣬ֻؿǰвһ
ƺԭ˵ɶĽ̫ˣֻŶԷδϵãȴҲ˵˵٣һ˼ûн˵ȥ
ʦȷǲ֪Ӧʦָһ·źá
˵ʱ飬ߣԴԼ֮ɲסŭӿε䳾
ϺбһȷʵңһţŬְˣ䵽յľأʵͬ顣ѵȴȻ壬λá
ҲΪʲôĳˣҪ¡
˵Ϻ΢΢һ٣طһ̾ϢҼѾֹ£⣬ֻķչͷҲճʧҹȻ㣬ҪԶʡ񡭡ӷ𡭡
Ϻ鲻Խؿɾˣһ˫üֻƵƵѣȻ˼󡣵ȻϺ˵ǣѷ⽣֮ˣҪֹ£ΥǰԣҪɱˣǱˣҲΥ˵ı֣ĸ԰ھ֮ǰƽһԥ
˵ϺԳЭԼһվŶԷһݵʦϳʵڹҲͿĴˡ
ƺɫȻصҡҡͷ˵֪µļ֡ʵ˵ȻԳһ֮ǷܹȲʤȯȴһҲûС
ƽѵһ£ɹҷ֮ʧˣǾͲˡ
˵Ȼ̾һɥ飬һʱüͷ
ǧ䲻֪ԷϺеͷֻǷŹĳ֣֮ߣֱƽ̾Ϊֹ˵һ˵书ܹȾ磬ʵǲ˼顣
ȻϺ֮ˣȻǰ;֮ʣ˹˼ɣȻڼĵˣη壬Դ룬е˵ʵǿ֪
дһղԵ
ƺһЦȻǰ;ನҲδñǾ·һҹɫΣ˸Ӱȴൢ飬Ȼȥʱ㣬г̵İţһȥɣ
˵ǡ
ò񷿣һ󺮷סʹһս
ƺһ֮ǰԺͿＴһӰٵǰԺ˹
ԺһƬڣʮϵ¹⣬ϡ֪ƺźɫ¿㣬һݸͷԹĺӡ
Ƽ죬Ǽ䣬ǰ
ǧһۣԾԷࡣ
Լ˵ź֮϶꣬ǲݶԷ׹ء
ŭ߳һ󱲣ߣ
ڣǰ΢һֶ˻˻Էɳڷɵֱӭ˫뷢˳ȥ
˱ߡһԭһȡιգǰһ̽áѰѷһ˫ɵ˫˫䳾
սżһ㣬һ֮ƣѵǰֻҰ׵ʽǰһֱ̽ԷС޹ȥ
޷߱飬׷֮ˣǲٶයЦһյ˫԰ֱֱŸɵһȥ
ǧ첶һ߿֮£ԷһṦȴǷһշ֮ƣβ׷ڿն𡪡ȴֱһѰϵһ嵶˳Էӵͷֱ
һϵιգһס嵶Сӣӹǵȷǹģȫһ֮ƣֻͬʱһߣಡһٴηɳһֱȥ
ɫϣȾһ˪Ҳƣ¹֮£㲻׶Ρ
ƺΪѾ¶Σ˼ˣһݳһУڶ֮죬һֻϷܵèڣֱһȥ
һ벻ԷˣȽṦԼĶ֣϶ӣһַ˻һö͸ڡ
Ǻӡٺ١һЦɫʾɭɭһֻǡ
ιһλӳ١һ˻һ㣬յķڣֱķһԡ
Ǻʩһ߼ϵԾȴǽͷ£ʸбյһ֦һȴδܺ⡣
Ϳǽб֦Ȼһ죬Ӳս˳ȻΪ޷Ϯôһ⺺˫ţֱ˸գĶʧһԣֳͷϽ֮ƣֱ
Ӽͬʱ֮䣬һӰͻȻԿն׹ƬһߴӰסڲ񷿵ǸϺС
ʱں֮ȣȡһ֧͸ڡ֡˫ַھԶʱɣһ߳ڣ
֣
ֶһ㺮ǣֱʱǸҹ˺Ϸ
ԭһ书ֻΪȻĺһӦУɾ֮£æһȴһȴ档ۡ
һյһڣƫеôСȶϡ
ˡؽһǰһģһѹһƬߡ
ͦһһǸߴĳƺУǰ
һƺߣӲԾ԰ϵٿֱеȥ
һֻǰһ̽ӲֱŶԷιù
⺺ӳһɶԷеϿ̱֪˲Ǻ룬Լǵ֣ϵˣʹѰԷսԲιմʵˣٿһһԾһƬݼ֮ϡ
Ҫȷǹģ֮ˣʵ̫򵥣νҹѣѲĺУ겻
ӷ£ǰӰһԷЮŴǰ
⺺Ӷ˵һۣһʽ𵹴ܲͣٴδ˳ȥ
Ȼδӿеľһʱ䣬ӰշӰ绥սһ˫㡣
ⳡϷ׷ȼʩչε෽ȴܰǰи׿һԡ
⺺鼱֮£һιվͬʱͷǶеͷֱмʹֹˣҲԿӲӭԼĹơ
ȴûϵεúܡ
ιշޱȾͻֱ£ȴϺеһֻ֮ƣͻȻı˷򣬾ȻݳۡһץסιգһǺж˳
ʩչȫץסţκеıǴó棬֮£ֵֻвһֻ֣ιӲرԵ˶ԷϺе
Ϻе䣬һһƬӰǺǰȴδ£ҪȻǺӱؽԽѡ
һ˵ľֱչױƽָţȵüգѡ
ʱ˿̣⺺Ĵӣƶһ£Ҳֻ֮ǣԭϺдյʵھˣʹòʱͷֻƵƵ˫ӣϺתѣǶϺеĳ֣еޱȵĲ졣
ʱǧҲǰҲг˳ޣͼκηˣк޶ǰҲ⡣
ŭ߳һһϵ嵶ֱǰ
էȻһֻ֣ϺеʹáǺॡһѽ嵶ס֮ͣʹеΪ֮䡣
ϺȻֹסµĵƣһ˫ȴ˲Ҳ˲ضڶԷǺϣһֻϵιָŶԷʹǺӿ֮ģȴ֮
ջ˵ſ˶ԷǺӵݣɫ֮£һ°ͣһ͹̺ۡԵǣһ˫׶ٵӣˣ濴˵ʱҲб۾Ƶģȴǹúܡ
ǱϺеĹȱƵý˲ãζЦŵϺǸҪ־Ϳ죬Ŵү棬ҿҪˡ
ƺ΢΢һЦιա
Ǻسһ£ǲ뿪
ӷ𣬡ƺеֲһʽʺ졯ԭټʽĪ԰ɽˮ֮ô
⼸仰ʱʹüΪ֮һ㵡
סϺô֪ٺЦ˼գ˫׹ۣȴҡҡͷȲ̸ϺУزʶʲôҹȥ˻Ҫô
ԭ⺺ǽ̫¸ף춷֮̽£ǰ̽ѣһ¶вأУһۣΪ¡
ʱڶಶ죬뼯£ȾΪһƬһ׷ϣҪף춷
ǧȴƺУ˼Ҫķ䡣
룬Է˴˿֮ѷɣס㲻̽һͬģѵϣβˡ
ƺף춷һ󣬺ٺЦ˵ˣҪ£ҵ㵹ùҸȥ˵
ף춷һ˫üбһ£Ц㣡룬үҪߣ˭ˣ
һ٣ͻš纵ذδа㣬ವذοֱֱƬݼ¥ȥ
ף춷ǰ˶ΣδѣһθڣΪԼṦһȴδþԼȥı¡
ˡ
ӣһ˫ż⻹ûʵˣԷоȻҪһȻһף춷Ԥ֮
ͬʱ䣬źһֻӳĴ䣬࣬ӰֱϷ˹ȥ
ף춷һ֮£ʩһս׹䣬һ䣬ӥֱ׹һַΪˣֱף춷ǣֻǽǸУȻһ
ϺȻһڵ档
ͬʱ䣬Ǹιգǰ΢̽۵һѴף춷߶ʱ㶯á
ôһף춷֪Էȷ书߲ɲ⣬Լ£ֻǰֲ˺
ӷ𣬡Ϻ˸ž⣬ֱֱرʲô֣
˭ģʵʵ˵һһ棬㣬ҪȻߺߡԼҲˣֻŭѷ
Աһʦǧܷ˼ҰңзҪ˵ʵ
ϺһЦŭף춷ˣʵʵ˵
ף춷ԷУԽݼ̣ˣ֪˵٣ټһɹˣһƻԼҪУֻҲȥԶµͷѰ˼һ£ҧгݵЦ
УŹˣף춷Ϊ˵Сһѡ
˵˭ģ¿ɲ˵Ҳ˵ϺԼȥĥɡˣ˵꣬ɱ㣬ͿŰɣ
һԿûŭǰҳǿҲ㡣
ٿŭһƣ˶Էϡ
ף춷ΪϺյסѨתãһֻѪȴúܣбһ˫飬ŭЦѡ
ʲôӢۺúַſӣһһغú档
Խ̲סһƣȴΪϺסˡ
ƺнһţף춷΢΢ͷ֪ˣٻǼɵˣǣ
ף춷һбһۣδһԡ
ϺԽ̾һٷô˵֪˭ˡ
ף춷һЦȻˣʦ㻹ҪôȰ㻹ǻɽȥիĺãҪȻ
ƺкһ۾ﾫˣҪȻִΣ
ף춷һ¼ͷмصʦȻ֪ٻطҵǼ£ȻҲӦ֪һƺ׷ͻͨˣʲô³
ƺкȻ״Цһ
ף춷һȴصϺˡףһŸЩӦ֪κǿҼˣʲô³
Ȱ㻹ǡٹµĺá
ƺ΢΢һͷһٷ𡱣˵ĵҲʵҲ֪ˡ
˵գشָڶԷѴǸιգιս߰ɣ
ף춷ƺû뵽ϺоȻô׵رŹԼһʱе㲻š
ӹȣף춷Ŷһӣһ糣޲֮͸ˡ
Сʲô˼
ˡƺл˻ӣ˪˵ˣ˵µĳƺУʺˡ
ף춷һ㵣ƺĸ֣·˵ֻһʱ벻ϱдͷתȥ˵
һЦźбһȭô˵ףĳ˸ˡ
һ˫תһԵϿһۣһʱںϵ֧͸һӰУͷһۣҧѣ㱨ɡףˡ
նڳƺз뿪ⷬʩĲΪȻֻǶԷģԲӲ裬Ϻô˵⣬Ҳûж˵
ף춷ĻٺЦҿ֪ʰɣأصѺ͵ģܸ˰ɣ
ף춷Цŵ˵ͷŶԭգ֪㣬ҹһڣףҲˣǺڡ
˵꣬Ϻйһֱ֣ǽȥ
ռǰܾ֮ƫƫҪ̬ʵ̲סѭݳıӰַһڣ߳򣡡
ף춷ȻѾдһţһֻŷ̤ǽͷٿһתιһ⣬һ죬һѾշڣķɰ죬ԴЦһͷҲصһˡ
ǧպݺݵؿ뿪ıӰصضһ½ţ̾治÷ץסɾˡ
ƺԴӲ֪Էĳ·̬֮֮һֱԵúǳأ֮£ֻЦҡҡͷ˵ȥɣ
Ų죬ʱѵ˹
ƺп˵̣ʲôҲ˵̾һԶתصסĲȥˡ 







 

  
ڶʮ¡ְ̫үս 

һ֣ų̶˪
̫ƺص¡
һԭ֮УƺδʹõԤڵĳɹɢܵǿУ򰵣ڿʹоǰ;˾ܲСļԷ
׹
첼˺ϼٺɫͮɢɽµȺǸ߸ߵ̨ɽǡռʵˡ˻ţⷬԵ׳۶Ȥˡ
ÿһΣЩɫƿʱĶһѹ֮Уʶܸоʲô¾ҪƵġ
ĸоǺԭʵڹȥʱ֤ˣǱʶ˾
һִٵĽŲ˹˵ŲʵϤȻԶ
ūˡ
ŵĴȻʶ졣
һֻֻɫӴܳűֳף춷Σһǰ
˫ԼĪǰף춷ͣ˽Ųŷ棬еĹݴ
ɫô
ˣ
⡭ף춷Ӧǡ

ǡŹȥġһֱߵ˸ǰߵһͷֻǿһڣҪġ
һɫ
һ˫۾࿴ף춷һۣȴעŸһƬ֣ҲǴĿ֮ǷԴֵѻעġ
ɫΪˡ
˵ȥ
ǣף춷ګګүϲСүȻǸҵصһ䡭
һף춷˵һУǱлġһ˫۾ƺһֱŸ赱յһѻһ֮ЩѻȻǰ̾ĵط
΢΢һЦȻⷬ΢ЦȴʹһԵף춷˺⡣
үС˻桭
ٶ˵ˣվɡ
⡭ǡ
ôãȻӵϰ̽һӽҪ˵˼ǲҪ˵һҲ˵óȻڣв֮֡
ף춷յػжˣ
Ŷ
ɵĻŪü֪룬ȴܲش
ʮ߰ˡ˰ɣ
Ҳֻôͷˡ
үϺȻΪʲô
ԳһƬ˪̾Ϣһһ˫۾ȴעֻʵİأ⼸ֻҲǲġ
Щƺ޹ҪУȴɫȻ
󡭡ү
ף춷ʶѾ˲һƬү
¶ˡصʮ߰꣬Ҿ͸һʹɡ
үף춷˫һڵϣһʱɫұ䣬Сˡ书ãһʧ󣬸ˡ˴үֻ֪뿴ڡ

˵꣬̾һ
̾ϢҲʹף춷ʱֹס˵֮ԣһ󾪼£Ҳų鴤
үСһϧֻ͸棬Ϊʲô
һǰ¡ˡҷǵѳ׸ЩҲͲȥ˵ˣڣ˲ˡĴ֪ô
ף춷˸СˡͿ
ҸˡΪźصѾѵ˴ҵߡҸһãұ㲻á
˵仰һֻƣѼص˳ȥ˵ġִǽ
֮
ݳƣף춷һǰĲλֳһѪƬѪȼŵĻһ㣬䵱աĵĽŲһǰ˼ֱֱȥ
ף춷ʬɸ߸ߵͷֱ亮̶ӿѪʱȾ̶ˮʬ׹ˮʱľ޴ͨɽӦ
̫ɱʮˣ֮ߣһʱǵ˼㡣
ͿһӰʸҲƵģֱǰϮ
ķͬ˵ƣէȥֱһֻŭյľӥ
ʽȫ¾崦λڶԷչ֮С
һ
ϵˣҲҪɱף춷ԭȻȴҲûϵġ
ûϵ书֮ߡ
Ҳûϵ֮
ûϵ
֮ˣ֣ȿٵʵڳ⡣
ڼΪִٵһ䣬ʩչҲûлʩõһСȻϳ¾䡣
ƽѿǣʵ䣬ɱšΣ£˹ǡ
ôɱţֻо鷢йڳ֮һ;ˡ
飡
һĽӴУһϮɳȥĳ£ѱɢɢա
һμױӴһнѿѣȴҲԾС
˫ǰؼ죬һմ룬ˢˢͬһʱȴַͬķӥƮҶ
µӣһ͹ľʯϡ
Էȴɵö࣬Ȼڲһؿ֦ϡ
ǽؿ֦ǺҰϸбѿ࣬ʱۣټվϣֻ̬ǿһṦǺġ
ʮ꣬ݸߵĸͷһֳ£ƮɣƮһ˫ͬɫñʮһģ
˴һĨ΢Ц˲Ҳ˲עţЦ⣬üĿȴźΪŷŵһ֣δܳɹʵкɡ
һǸ߳
Ѯĳ֣Ǹǰѣţñˢˢһ죬һӰĽһ¡
ĸƺÿﶼһεССģһԲ
ȴֱֱ֮һӰһϮ޵ĺۣڿ۴˼ķ֮󣬲żһ߳ߣ׼ҷĴ󺺡
⺺һֻԵòþȳӣϼһȣŨüۣŷɡ
Ȼ֮ƣǸȣǰһ죬ֱָ档
ʱоһǿֱǰȵԷʱźȻо״󺺻ͬʱǸѮ壬Ĭһһ˫˫ѹгС
εȾ֮ˣȻȻǰ֮£ȴҲһ֡¡֮УʵǶԷѡԼļʽȻ֮հ˷˵һһһһһǬһл֮£һνǡ
һ֮£˫΢Ʈֱ¡
ǰ˾Ȼж˫˫˱仯ǸѮٿ紩״󺺣ͦȶǰ
һվγһȱΣԲڶ˼л֮С
ϴһӡǺǡЦ֮
Ц֮һӰԿյҶµӣֱƺǰ
ٹԷվ֮󣬹ŷ˶ƺϣ˿̾һ׵Ľˡ
չģ˷ʶ˰ɣǺǡǺǡ
˵ţЦţһ˫ϸ۾̧һ˫ϸֻ֣ϼҲƵĺţʾʮĽζ
̫һ˫ü΢΢һһϸˣȻҲ˼ҵĵ
ȷʵʮַ޺ޡ
ף춷ʱɺľɣβֻƽյԸߣɱף춷ȴҲδе˿УȻžˡ
ȻҪǿö࣬ҷһмƻԤıרΪԸж
ɵźӣһָֻ˵עܾˣɳ׶һֱ˵أûգֻ𼦣Ȼɵúܣֻһȴǲѷˣɡ
̫ŵǰˣȴҲеǿС
о˶Ǻ룬Լľˡ
ͷĿŶԷˣҲ㡣
ȴʶ㡣
ͷ϶Цݡ
㲻һ˫ͽ֪һ
ͷ˵һ˫ѩҲƵüëԺǺЦ
ɽԸߣˮҼʶˣٲ˾¡Ҹһλѡ
˵ԺǺЦˡ
ҪλѣǹҼŵˡ
;ˣչģŲ̫İɣһָŵǰ˵Σ
ߡһ΢΢һͷ

ɲһĿ׻ɶϣһĽʶ;˴ģǿɾԵùªˡ
ںˣȻص뿪ɶʧȥټҲֻйôһ˷ˣ̲صɱҲͲΪ֡
ľ˫ͫɵǰӹ
ĿͣѮϣ±˳Ƶˣ
Ѯ΢΢صһͷǰ˹ѩʱΪǱ˴˽ʱԳա硱Ȼϣϡ
תǸŷƵĸߴȳӣ΢΢ͷһЦô˵±ǾˮһϦɱ˰ٰʮľ١ң١ˡ
ŷҲƵĺӣԺһԳ˶Է¡
Ҳͬһ㣬ϣ١ոĳպĪֺյĹѩһЩҲʶö˵·
̫Ϥ֪֮ʵԾСֻȹ֮ˣڵϲŭԼ֮ǰĴ㣬ײ³
ͷ̧עǸˣ´ôƺ׷ٹĳˣΪʲô
һЦҰ
Ͳˣ㻹ǺͿһĺá
һԵľ١ŭչģ㻹а̫үڣݲչ˲񣬺ߺߣϻ˵һɣ
ڣһͷϵһɼ磬ֱϮιһôʵһʱǳ͸
֪ԷǸ˽а̫үˣȻֶôİԷˣȻǴͷ˵ʵҲνǰ֣֮ܿ䣬ֵֻʽҲʹſԲ֪
ʱƺϵĽ˺ǺһЦ̵ص书˫ϷҵҪգжͣ
ⷬȻʮֵдˣȰѶԷߣôԼˡߣһڼ˶ԷʵʹùǳԾСһ·׷ԼԼأϷ黰ˡ
̫үڣһЦ١ܣͳְɣ
һԼȳ١ҵһͲסӦһ
𣬡Ƭ磬ŭӰ̩ɽѹֱŹͷѹ
ʶù١ʵݣ֪˶˴Ѱǰϳ֣ԶһɹۣολĪİ̫үһԽӦ߻Ʊӡ
Ѱ̽˱˴ʵ˱Ҫ׼١ҵĹͣһֱֱ߳߿⡣
ңֱ˳ǷһߵŻ֡
ȴ⹬羹Ȼֱʱеľ١ңһδѣžͿһͦӰεȽ
١ȻִпɹۣڶΰӸǰһֱ̽죬ȫΪһֱߣ̬ϵȣͷһƳ磬ԪѨ
Ȼ֪֮޺ûᣬ˫Դ֮ʱѽעʱŵ˵Ľ֮ƣӻһֺ֮׹էѰһڡ
ץϡ
˫еĽӴ
ǡһ죬һѨߣֻһ£ѽ˶Է֮ϡ
١ƺһ
ŹгһХһ㣬˳١ȵչ˳ȥ
һʽǳĿ죬Ű׹ȻĽɶԷ˷һ˽١ҵ˫ۡءͷλȫڶԷչ֮С
١ֻ֪Ͻ𼦲Ǻ룬ȴû뵽Է
侪˵ǣŹչǿڳ֮ϣиһ;֮£һһȵĽӴƴʯԷֿ
ͬʱ䣬١ϵȣһչһ֣ǹ֮ʹ˦ֶȣҲǲܡ
١Ȼһ֮£ųһ亹
һɲǣ۹ؾǲһҧԷһƴֻһƣʩȫ֮ǿֱŹ˹ȥ
١һԸ뷨ɲΪԷͬ
١ԳһһâէȻһգһһƮ١ͷ˹ȥ
١Ѿ˲
ƣӸ£ѵ١ͷϣ߽Ӷһ䣬ǰһֻ֮ƣֱָ١ҵͷֱ١ҳ̣شһ磬
಻ΪָɨһЩ
١ֻʹȫ˸սƷƵһŽվˡ
ԭ١˽֡ѰҪѺ˺ȴΪָɨһǶϽۣһֻʹɫ䣬ּ֮ݡ
ʱ˿̣ʤ׷١ӡ
һԵȴѲʩչ䷭Էһ˫ǡ
Թݹ֮ˣǵ򲻵֮Ʋʩչ˷ۿ١Σһ˲˲ࡣ
һ˫׷衱ϸСƿУֱȡ˫ͫ
֮ڲг֣ȫǳԡԹ۱䡱ͬʱҲ١õģ޷١ҹһ˼սʤԷҲͲԼжһ֡
ǰ£ȻԳĬ
һ֣綸صһĶ̽ĳ֮ƣֱֱŹ
˫ԣǺॡһӭһ飬ųĽָֽΪˡһãһŭӥˢͬʱ˿
ֻ۾Ҳڴһضһ顣
ɴ˫ĵĵо罣ϵʵҲ⣬ֻ۾֮¸ԹŶԷĽȥһУ¡
һԵľ١ң˶ݵĴϢ
ЩɥڶԷ£ѹ֮ǣʱһغȻԾϮȾ˴Ƭ磬ֱŹȫƽɨ˹ȥ
һɨ֮˵Ǿ֮ȥ֮ҶɻȰһ
١ҷŭ֮Уʩչġȡȷһǽһɽǰҵֱײ
١ҵĳֱ֣𡪡էƿ֮һֻӣٹ˹ϣٿȻһ׹нһ꣬϶ֱŹȫ¾ɱ
١˵ϳ֣Ȼƥ׼˶ۣķڽȶɱ֮С
̫Ȼ䷢һХһسֱ𣬳մһΣȴγԲһС
γɵȫ¾ڰ֮УһתеݣȻسɱȥ
һַǵ١⣬߾ϣԹ۵İ̫үҲһ
ƽȱˣմһ𲻼ӣӬ䡱ʹ̫үҲһʡ
һӽ֮ƬΧѳѺͻǡǡֱϵ١ӭһ
һǾˡ
١벻Է˵ã鼱֮£ȲʩչеĵڶСŭˮһ¼գڶŽӰеĹϵȥ
ߴİ̫үȻһáȻ𣬾ӸµֱŹ
ȻϾԶʹܳṦ裬಻һ˶
ǹȴԶҪö࣬ƺҲѷ˲ƼתУŵһȴǴǵУȻΪ١ҵľ֮Уȴһ
١ƷͿоԷϹ⻪ʢһ䣬аʮѽϳһӰֱԼȫ
ôһ뵽ԼƲԿ˵Уһлƣﻹü
Ź콣Ӱ֮£١ҵԱһߣֻһƬ壬ǧһһֻɽӰе˳
·һֻͬīȾľơ
١⧼֮£ֻͨһʹǲꡱУѱԷֻǻ
ǹֵġֹŹһִǽ֮дǽ֮ܣ֪ʮ㾪ˡ
١ҵĸо·һ飬ŴһģϵȡǺॡ׹أ˲ֱֱصȥ
һȾѪģѵ˹֮ϡ
ȴ۹·˷һе֣¸ǿúܣһʽڻβ̹ӣİŭΣǡ빬ϵӭһ顣
⵱ڶ̫үҲ˵ǰ
١ҵĲ𾪡ȻһôԸĴ澯裬١ұ㲻һʧ㣬˴ǰǺĪʹģ֪
˾ǲȺӭһ
һıһ˴Ŀĺ⣬֮䣬һν˽С
һĨʺ죬ɹֳƮƮ£Ϊ֮ƬܷԾһԣʹһѩҲƵİףʳѪȴǰӶȾˡ
ͬʱ֮䡣
̫үһֻ֣ӭ˹ƣ˫ƽ֮£˾㶼Ϊ֮ҡһ£һ̫үһֻȴʵʵӡ˹ǰ֮ϡ
һƣȫȴɹۡ
Թǰ㹦֮ˣǵܲסһӱر
һѪֱɹ
ѿƣ֮£಻ΣӣǼԼ˵򲻻˾
һ˲䣬ۿڵӣ߰ˣһ֮ûˡ
һӣȴҲǳܲס
ڵϵĽ̫ӻһΣͨϡ
ֻһͷĿѣ𣬵ڶѪҪ˳
һ뵽ģֻһҪӹԷ˵Ķ֣֮ߡ
ңԷ˹ȴʱûиϾɱ׷֮⡣λ̫үĴʺʵǰĹ磬δչˣȨ֮£ԹΪҪòǰ쿴
ôһɾصõ˴Ϣ֮Ȼδ֪Ʋᣬڵֻǰð亹ֱʣ¾ʪ͸˼ŶԷ̫үһƣղãϳ˵ġޡ֮֮УĽɫʵǰδţ
ţе飬һֻڵţת
ӴأΪ˾죬һսȭһƣǿذӼܿˣȥ߷Ҫƽʱ£ڹȴǴΪ߲˼Ǻ꣬ǣ˵һѪӿ˳
ҿһƬľ֣ռؼ㣬ԼĪһߣӣȷΪǡ
һ˹ľУ׷ʶԼǱסˡ
ǿʤһ⹦ҿ޵Уһ˶Է֣֮һʧܴ裬뵽֮޲ܵὣء
Ȼľôˡ
ͣϢһϳУͿһӷΣһɭɭĽ棬ľ֮ϡ
һʧһһε
Ͼһӣ뵽˲һסΪ֮ȻһЦԵ϶
Ļڣֻһӷ飻ѳԶԷˡѨ
˻ΪƣѰȥһɵĿ첽Уֱ
Ѱڡ
̫뵽˴˷Ȼ·һƫƫԷ֣ڲԼɱ裬һѪӿ˹ȥ
ǼΪݵһ˲ĵת
ǰѻ˵ط
أԷԼһͰɽ
ǰڵúܣôһĻ⡪ȼŵһ֦Ƚռǰ֮ءپǶԷǸӰ
ʶصԷǸˣʾغһޡ϶
ֳڣæסˡ
ǰˣλ̫ү
һź͸Ũüۣҷէ֮£ŵһɷޡ
֮䣬ɫ
ε֮ˣȻһۼˣһžװ֮һƤߣдһ
ƺֻԷŻ㡣һԷԼ֮ʶΪĳԭ򣬲Լϳ֡ڶһصĵˡ
ΣȴûɱԼ֮ģò˴ֽţһ񲻷㣿
˭
Ȼ֮УȻˣһ˫ֱֱ˱ţȴʾı顣
ˡߡһǰô
⼸仰ѹɤ˵ȻҲǲöԷԼ˭
һ£ȻЦˡǹҵЦ⣬űѪȾ˵죬Ҳɷˡ
ǲֵġ
Ϊʲô˾⡣
ܼ򵥣΢΢ԳЦţҪ֣ˣαô£
ô˵Ϊѣ
ǵδأЦҡһͷĳƽûѡ
Ϣ˼ʱ۾Էţֻϧܼ֮ͣ־ΣʹĻ׷ѡ
һûѵˣΪ˿֪˵
Ҳ˵׿ԽȺ䷲ס̵˵ΡԽ׿Խ֮ʿԽǹ¶֮ˡ
ҡҡͷ²£ڡ¶֮˱йƧ֮飬Ҳǲ֮ƽΪˣɱ˵׿ԽͣҲ٣˵Ǿӣɾȥ̫Զˡ
к˼ͷ˵⼸仰²Ѱǡ
Ҳģ˽ҧһ޲ܡ
˻վڵݵĶѨ˼ǿǲĲ
޲ɱңЦһ£ʱ㣬һüͷ㲻չ
ٿػعսҾ͡
ǲ֡
Ϊʲô
Ϊղû֡
ղû֣òУ
֮͡ԱǵЦţΪ㻹֪֮ˣĪһ仰ףýϮҺ֮ʱʱɱң練ƣôһ㲻ˡ
Ҳδء˽յøֻûаγһԷɡ
ȴúܡһӰ׷ҷ֮ӥնһŭĽëܿ𼦴ºű˶
ƶ񡢵һӡ
˹²֣ҡͷһ̾Žѵֻ֣˿
Σ²ְɣĳƽ˵ˮ֮飬ȴ֮˭ձһġˡ
˵ڹһ֣վһΣȴʯڣȻƲᡣ
صܳȥôΣ
ߵ˵滹
һԣɵϼһӹĽš
һԼһڳʣǰΪ֮һսڽʹʱҲδ뿪Լֱߡ벻һʧƣԵһ˵ϣΪޣΪ⣬˼ҲɱԼǲҲǲΪҲ
һԵأ˵Ĳζ
żȻ̧ͷ˵һ˫۾עԼ
һ˫˳޵۾Ҳһ˫ż㲻۾ƺˣ㲻ӦһԥܹϵˡôԷɱԼȻ˲ˡ
һԲشͷһ⡣ֻһرȼ˵֦ţѽȼ˾ͷȻðһ𻨣漴Ϩ
ʱʯһƬڡ
ڰвʱOO
˳ź͵͵ɽ
˲ֻһεס˽ѣȴֲֻһεɿɷϣ뵽ì֮С
һϳΣˣһڵ֣֮ĵǷҲôʺ
дһһεʹоѪڡ
һɣ
ţһֻһظ֦һֻϵĻӡ
֦ȼǰлĻᣬ򡭡
šۡһʢ
ϳʱ䣬ֱǽ֦ȫΪֹʯֹѾˣѶݳʯ
һ㵣ԳƵĿЦЦ֦ٸˣϵĺۼɼ
ϸؿֻӡӣǰкʮҡ
ЩӡжϣֻϽ𼦹Ȼ˼ܣǲȡػ·ߣ˳ˣ֪˶Կںڰвȡػ·ߣͣٴʯɹڻһзڻϨ֮ǰѾ۲ˣϨܴ֮ݽˡ
˲ͷһ̾ϢһθоֻϽ𼦵Ŀ£ЩȴһɼѪײš
߰ɣֺţһ죬ҪɱҪʰ·ҵĽ¡ 







 

  
ڶʮ¡԰ʿǾɳ 

һ⣬Զ֮䡣
ֳ˼ֻҰĴų뿪ĳѣʼһ졣
̫ү˰ڹ米־Ѩϵ֣ǲֵһ
۾΢Ϣ
̫үһظصѹˣһҹѪûа׷ѡ
΢صһͷŷȫ£Ϊˮ͸˴㾭ܰһĸоŷһصĵҩ
һУȻǰ̫үˡ
̫үЦһ£޲ɥؿڵⶼҡиö࡭
ɻؿ˸һۣǿڳˡ
̫үˡѱߵˡ˼ţʹţҲǿ
⻰ĴԲѣʵϣʮûʲôλүӵߵ֮󣬻ܹŲ
ȻֻϽȴûǵûȻˡ
ļ»棬ֳʮ⣬κټ˼˵֮ززˡ
ҵЦţذ
̫үƿĲᣬչѾ˽ţҪȻĹ򲻻˵ôءȻñԪ֮ǿ㲻ʹɢָǵðϲɡ
޿κε̾ϢһЦŵⶼѧղ˼Ҳ޹⣬أ
νָǾŴ١ҡ
̫үʱɫҡҡͷ˵ˡ
Ӳһ£ƺϦֵһڣһʱ̫죬·𿴼չһֻںڵ֣Ȼ١ҵѣԼˣɥԹ˲Ͼˡ
ô١ǲڶԷִǽ֮£ƽ֮
뵽ʮ֣ͬһ֣ס۾һɬ
̫үѽ˰ʬ˵ȥˣ֮ٺúõΪ¡鲻ܶൢ飬Ͷɣ
·ҡ̾ϢһĿٶ˵
ΪƺĶ࣬һʧ㣬ڵΪĿǰİ̫ү£ͬЩˣνеĹÿ˼Էһ֮󣬸֪
Ҳ˵Դ˷֮ģպ󾹶λ̫үˮݣȴǺˡ
̫үĲֻ£ԵܽС̧Ǽݣ˹һתĹйִ֮£ŴһСˣƮȻȥ
òȻƮƮɣС˸һͯģΪһһװһɽˮģʹ·
һ̣̫үֻÿڿͣ뵽ս񳿣ˮδմΪ٣˿˼ٸпڿ͡
ƫƫˮصһЩɽȪˮһʯͷȡһʢˮĺ«СѰЩˮ
С˽ӹ«뿪֮󣬰̫үϥһֻ𣬻Ȼŷ䣬ֳһںںۼһ
Ȼ֪ôһ¡
Ϧԡߵơ˹ʱȴǳľޣԴ˶󣬱òþʱһ쿴֪Щˣǵںμ˵ѪԼǧѪɲηŹ϶Լʹڵ֮£ҲͱҪˡ
ţ˼Դ淢ذѹ֮衣
Ϊ˼ȫƣһùѪסֳָףһף̼ϺɫѪֱѪɫȫתΪʺΪֹȡЯֹѪҩס˴žɿ졣
ǾһʧѪڿ͡
ϰ죬ȥѰˮǸС˲תأȴҡͷ̫ү
ȫұˣһˮӰҲôأ
̫үġվϸһ£Ȼˮ֮ǰ˿ɽ·ػأľҲεȻ
뵽ѰЩɽδɣǷԸСˣǰС
һ̣ͯͣϡ̫үۻˣЪӰɣ
̫үǺһõĶֻͣ²
ţȴҲĪСӣ񳿣һʱûнʳԼѾżˣܹ
תţҪЩʲôֹʳ伢Ȼ಻Զ죬ݴУ̽һͷŽӰ˱ˣԭǸˡ
˵˻Է򶼿ԣֻһֻŸֲ棬ϱżһɲ˩ֻӣһӡ
⴮ӣһͰѰ̫ү۾ˡ
ǽýʯҰ䣬һ˰̫үȶ˽ǰͣ˲ӣǺЦ˼ϡͣϡͣ˹ˡ벻λǡҡҡͷס죬Ծص˵ã˵á
̫үԷߣƤһüĿҲۣܸ֮ˣȴƫƫɽս˴ɲѰգܲƽѵأ͸ϰߣѵá
֮ʼ̫үǸСˣһֱעһȴֺĸˣʱ˿̣ܵڣǧ
ˡ
̫ү˹عһ֣ʲôؽ磿
ӵͷЦɽȥɽ壬ɾͽسˡ
лллл̫үǴˣǰŪﲻɡ
ʱ磬ٲȻ֪ĸ̣֪㲻ܶҪԷĸԸС
ס⸽ô
ԶԶԷɽָһ£ƹɽȥ͵ˣǡȥ
̫үٺһЦϰߵǰ룬ȲشԷ⣬ȴ˵ʲô˵ã˵ãʲô
ԷԺǺЦˣһֲ֧ذһֻ׵֣ﻹݵص
ȣȣЦЦô¡
һƵƵҡͷţһεӣȴȻ̲ס˵˳
ô¡ͣҹ϶һΣɽɽ˵˿̣һһλĵĹˣҹЩãܷһСơ
̫үŶһһϸۣǺܸȤ
޷ǸΰɣԷ϶Цҽص˸磬ӣǰɽϻغɽɽɽ˵ʲôˣСҲûһʱȴүͶλһʱϲſڲԡ̫үԭ¡ʧԣʧԡ
˵ʼϵĲܣ뿪
ϸһߡ
Էվס̫үһƵЪЪЪЪһ㿴ô
ԷĪطһֻۣЩʲô̫ү
̫үһϴǳǳЦ
Լֲ˼ģָ̧һԷϵϵĸ˵ȡңҾ͸ӡ
Էһ˵ʲô
̫ү˵ҲգķһСưɣֻҪٸңҾ͸ʮ˵ġ
һ˵̽뻳˰ײӲӵһӣವ˹ȥ
ԷԷŲ˫ֽסӴһǶӿ˰죬ҧһҧЦ̫ү˵ġģ
㶼ȥˣмٵģ
á졭ҿķ˲
ӣֻ֣˰쾢ŰѲϵöٽ߹ȥ˫ַϡ
̫үӹһ׸Сˣ߽ӹʱЦտذƤ
̫үҡҡͷ̾˿һŸƤһԷɽϻָô
Էֻֽһҡͷûа̫үҰģȫϾֻ϶ˡ
̫үһ굽ЩɬζüҲ͹˲ãڣȥһˡ
Է̲ϹҾҪˣʱˣԷҪҪʮƵġ
̫үһ
ԷվסţعͷֻɵЦ
⸽ҵˮȣ˼ҾסûУ
У⡭ޣǺȻʲôɽСָһ£ǰͷңи԰ӡֻ·̫Զˣ̫ү߲˰
һй԰̫үʱΪ֮һ·˵ʲô漴һ֣ǸԷˡ
¶ǣΪ֮һЦС˵㿴޾֮·ɣſڿʣ͸ֻ̫ˣǰй԰õĻ˵Ͽɳԣ߰ɣȥ
Сһ˵й԰Ѱ಻ס̫үȻô˵ϲ⣬¶ž񣬱ɽн
ˣԼĪǰСʱһСػֱϣСʯףǰǰߣһľƵֱָָ꣬ϣдҹ԰԰԰һ£ǸԷûƭˡ
̫ү⣬Ҫҹ԰ںúЪһ󣬲ֻҪЩʲôҪһٷܳġ
ǰԼһ̣֮ɾͿνҹ԰ˣһд̾Ǹɽĵ·ԱߣҲһƬΧǽȴһڳɽ衣
˶Ȼֹͣ
һͷײʮ˾Сӣ̽ͷһ£ܾȵӣΪһ˼û̫үǰ棬ֹɵˡ
̫үվסЦιСֵܣҹ԰ô
ͷײСһüëѽүҪĸ
ھĴζ
̫үܾȵصԭǱѽ
ǰСӵǴĴǨϿ˿ǿڿ˰ɣԸϰɣ
̫үٺһЦԷĻ˵Լ۶ȥˡ
شߵСˣԽ˺
̫үЦûūţһҲ˵ô
С˳һһ̵դѶԷͶ˽
̫үŷǰһƬɳϡĹﳤϣܶ࿴ѳ죬ժµϣдװ
Ǻǡ̫үЦɺˡ
԰иéͤ˿Ȩ̨Ҳϣʣһʯλ̫ү߽ȥ
ȴϷһϵĸֵһԼﾡ˲Ҫùϡ
̫үЦСѣŪһδˣ͡
һ˵һӷϡ
СӾϲôסˡ
̫үǰǸС˼״ѲͣһԼһϡ
СӼ״æã
ȻһɳϡóĴϣֱѰ̫үͶ˳ԵüЦ
ǸСʹԹ֮ʣҲͲذǿս
ҿã
̫үһ¶ǣֻñˬ켫ˣԷСӵĻͣôӣĪǰҲпԹϲɣ
СЦ˭˵ǣǸղŲһԷϣһӣ˵þйţΪѡһģ˵ǿһˣһӣȻûдĹ˼Һλɾˡ
̫үһЦ˵ԭġ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ţ϶ÿĽų̣ŴĲ񣬾Ȼôȵˡ
ţʵԷô
ûаɣղŻǱߴء
˵һЦһѰң
ɽһǹڣɷʿ
˲ɣһ֮¾㲻Ϊ֮һ棬ʿǷǸнɽԣ䣬ԱΪһˡ
̫үһԾթֻһ˫տտ۾Էעš
ȴʿֹһҡ˽ǰŰ̫үһֻ¼ǲˣ
̫үһͷһס
Ϊ̫үʵھǽˣأ£ֻ»Ϊκ֪ʹѩߣҲֻɶѣǰҲȻһڵƣֱݷϣʵһ϶
ޡ̫үһ˫ϸۣϸڶԷתţǡһϴ˰ɡ
ҡһ䣬ԷΪʿˣ֮£ЦţֱЦۡ
ôϴˣƾֵ˫۾ϴˣ
ʿһ˵ش̴̵뵱꣬ɽ֮ᣬҾǷ꣬ʱۣһ۵ĹǿɶˡĲϵˣ
̫үٿλվĿ⾼صǣˡҿĲʶˣϴˡ
һЦҡҡͷϴˣȴҲϴ⡮β
˵ʱŶԷС˱Ϲָһ£һЦʮΪ˼٣һǣϵţԭʱ˰ɣ
һЪٿ״չ֮ӥԸԾ𣬵˶ԷС˵ǰ
ӿ켫ˣ󵨵ǣȻŰ̫үǰʩչǵ֮
̫ү˵ߡβʱĴ䱸ȻԾһ߳һ󵨡
ֳڣֺٿֱԷץȥ
ġơ֮ճ˵ӦкεһеǷ顱
˼ҵƷһĵһ鶯һ£һӳᡣ
̫үžһ֣òʱֻڵ˸ת漴١
ҲôյĹ򣬶ԷǸʿѰѱС˱Ǿߡβ
ȡϣһһƮ磬ػλϡ
ǸСȻһŶԷȥӷƶǺȻǣʹƵأһӳ鴤һΣ漴ֱֱһ˲亹£ȴһ仰Ҳ˵
̫үȻ
㡭
ڶ̧ƴһǰģڵһ漴Ϊ֮ɢ
̫үǾҽ֮ˣһ̣е
Ҿ˶
ֱǲܵ£漴˫ʮɵ۾ԷǸʿȥ
ȻʿѲʲôʿǱһʮֿɲǿˡ
ʹ估ǰ˵ĸףȫϵƽΪϲġβ
٣ڵˣ̫ү֮ôδأ
ʵڵǡ
ʮǰ֮ᣬʱĽԱӵֶΣȡڵ֮һݹ½ͩԴ˶󣬹ٱΪС
ֹֻȡٶѣȡ½ͩһգ˳ʹʩҩʹó֮߸֮ˣԶ涾ɥ벻¸ʮ꣬Ȼ˻ᷭΪ޷졢ҲΪ֪¡
ʹ𾪵ǰ˵һ䡰ԭֱľ
Īǡǡ½񡭡ݡ
ݹ½ͩʿȺҪ˶Էߵ
˵˱½֮ͩ󣬺Ȼڰ̫ү۾ǵյ½ͩˡ
ʮƣǶĿ£Ҳġ
½ͩȻˣȻ½ͩͬȻȻǽһ
̫үʵһˣֻͬʱµĲͬѡ
½ͩһ
ͬǣ½ͩж˺ķڸоûһǣûлɹ֮ʲôϵΪֹȻûʶǰˣǸԼɥġָѩɽ˷
½ͩ㾹Ȼţ
û٩˵ӻܽʱ仹ˡ
Ӳһ£һЦã벻쾹ĵôֵģңҲҳʶ
ҡҡͷͷҲҪģ˭ѽ
ô˵ˡߺߡһ˺üҲ㻹֪ǧ궾֮Ѫٶ֣һҲ㻹֪
ҵȻ֪
תͷżɵ˵Ǹ԰Сӣ΢΢һЦûʲôˣѣĻȥɣһߡ
СӰͲøϿ뿪ӦһŲת뿪תͷۡݷù㣬ϧ㲻ڼңһҹԭɰѴȥֻ˲£ҪĸԸǣĽⶾҩҼʶˡ
˵ʱֻһεֻǵһι֮ʱĪɢ˿ԼڣΪĳһֹҩƣʹԼոһȻһĪչ
һ䣬ٵңݵ΢΢Цţ
;֮УԵǸ٣бأʱʹϵķʧЧôĵڶֽţϲЧ
ŭѪӿƫƫá
̾һĪ⣬ͨҽȴȻĴҵĵ
˵ЦԭڴʱѴֻ֮ǡȴŸáˣ㲻еĶʲô֮㹦һʱҲѻ⡣ʱȻҲưոݣٺúýֹֻ㷢ƵΣʵڱǸ֮Ҳ˵ˡ˵Ǿߡβ򱳺Žһ֣漴ҡڵⲽȴʣǰո߾׵Ľƺֻз۵ķݶ 







 

  
ڶʮ¡Ҿơ 

ôһѽ
¡¡ӾҲƵ
ǣϡ·ϣ֮ܿˮĽ顣
ÿʱ룬ĵˮˡϵǽϣʹǸɺڣҲ᳤ãмʱ֮ǡ
֮µļȷֵ֣ƵƵˮǿ˹ϡһͷܣ״ƹ󣬶
һ൱ơ;ӡز֮ҡ
;ӡز˰ӡӣԼزϯʮֳǵλƺʩķžʾӪԶķ֮⣬һҡ;ӿջڷĺףĿ͹ȳԷסջסջԷΪ㡣
٣ȴΪ벻ĺ⣬һʱӶˣıֻм¡̾ķݶˡ
С֧˴ֽרдŶһƣֻƸһ֧ȥͱбɨʪˣһƬģڻ֪дЩʲô
Ľż۹ĿˮʪŢƷ֮ʣ˿ɶֱ꣬䶯
СӿƲЪ޼ȷʵ˴һĴͲ֧ܸ߸ţһԷ꣬ɷˡ
﷽԰Ͳ֧ãȴ˳ŲӱһˮܵĲ
ࡡδЪһ˫̶Сӿɾֱס
ǺȻ˵Ѩǵ˼з磬һ˫СȻӴǰ˶ʱȷǿҲֲˣ̵ֱɵ
ҵһСǡǸɡҲ̫ЩɡҵĸֱŮ
ɫǰȻϵˮĨˡ
ֱֻСۣ۰Ͱ͵ǸΪŮһǰǺñµһŮ
ʮµ꣬׾߱ӣС죬ڶ㳤üë΢΢ţһͳ£֫ĵطһͬɫͳţճϸССôһôصһ£ϣȻһЩ׸ֻǺÿ
һ·ˮֱɶԽ˹ǣһƥߴĻ״ˮϴ͹ˮһֱǰ
Сֻǰ䣬˸ȫֻŶԷ﷢㶡
Բ𣬡ǹһͷҸҪġ
ǡС롪
ǹﵭЦЦӡ
ˣҵ鷳ǣúιЩϡ
ǡС
ǳˡǡ͡С֮⣬ĻȫˡȵӹתһСˣͷĵźȻɵۡ
ֻˡǡСѿõ۾ͷôһӣɵ
ȴֻӺѹѹĶˣʱ¼ͷǾٲά裬죬ٻܴҵôøǰ
⡭Ӻԡסҿûطá
⡭
Ѱһͳ¶Ľ¿㣬ϸںڵһͷȥԽ£һ˵ûλϱɾ͸ʧüɾһƺЩֶԷСΪʲô˵
ɣǶԲסͿˡ
⻰ɾ͸ﲡˣͿˣΪʲôڲ˵
һҲֻһ˫˼˵Ҫôң߿ûôס
⡭ӿ˴ѡ
һ˼ñǽһ˫첲ƺҪˡ
ΣֻöһӣЦһɣһ˿նɺã
˫ڰ׷Ĵ۾ɨһۣ漴Բ
һæתŵֽӹڵҪĨǺȻζܣӣ˻ȥ
һŴ죬ѽȥѽ
˼ҹҲһۣ˵˵û˵ѹûһ
ʱǸǣСˣűŴһ߼򵥵˽٣ŷ滹һڱ˵Է׼ǸĽŮˣȴֿȥľأһЩҲմϢ
ʹţҲֲǸζҺĿˣЦ¬ĲȭܰѶˡ
̲סҪվð뿪һͷŹƤСñĵ沽һ˫۾ӶҲƵġ
Ȼһۿ˽λʱЦݣһ·ɱΧֱǰ
λžСɣԲ𣬵һ˵һժͷϵĹƤСñֱǰ򹪲ѡ
ﾪһ˵ô֪ҵգ˭ģ
⡭СϾ֪ˡһۿǰӣʱɫǺͿһûλ㲻𣿡
ګګص󡭡棿治ǿջ𣿡
쵰ǵŭջﲻԷѴСţ
֮һ˳ơ˷£ղܣ˼ҹвܶôһ߳ҳʱ˴ңԺߡ
ﻹЩתֻŲܶ⵽ôһ£
Сһˣһ֪ˡ
ԭλСǣǰЩ칧͸ĸ봨ڸס֮в˼ĸ˵ŻɽѰʦλ˼ʮָ᲻£֪ŮΪ̫֮֮𵤱ס඾δȥһ췢㲻ˡƫƫǱڶˣһҽѽȣҲֻмЩɽҰʿС˵Ҫתʦţ϶ϱҲһ֮󣬺
СԭȥŻɽѰʦ·뵽˹ѩǷĲ£ȡ룬ԥ
һֱѩȴ֪֮ǵٱ֮ʣѩ˵̽䣬ȥʳƺб֪˽´⣬ȥҳƺС
ȴû뵽㾳Ӵ֮꣬󣬼ֱǰδƽҪա˵ãҲֻס
˿̣ܶȻϣ˵Ҫ㲻Ծ
ΪֱɻֹǾף˿Ը벻ȻΪ˳
ʱһŲܶߣϽ𼦵һǿˣ㽫Ǻã˼żӦ֮ͬŲܶԺͿջ
һ䳤ֱͨԺ԰ɪ԰ؿݺɣһĳ֮£Եꡣ
ʵ̫ˡ
ȱӣȥˮ
ɫһ·չֱģǺ֮һʯܷͤ꽻ӣһͤȴܵе
ȻصĿˣںͤˡ
СǺͣסŲҪô
ܶЦǡ
СǵҸ֪ϴ˰ɣ
ɘ򲻻ᣬС󣬱ˡ
˵ǰͤ߳һŰ̳׳̤࣬һ˫âЬ߸ͷļӡ
ܶæվסŵλС㣬Ҹˡ
ҲƵϣһЩЦݣͷûʲô£ȥɡ
ܶЦӦһˣһкӣֱСǵңͷ
Ǹĺӣƶһ˫üһ˫͹ӣµµСתһת
ôҼҹȺʱ롣
ҹá
СȻΪ֮һҲͲ³˭ˡ
ѵǷ
漴ٲͤڡ
Ȼûв´
ֻټͤ棬һϯķˣһϯǰȴһλãȴǿţ
㣬㡭
ŷۺ죬ȴˮɫһ쳤һ㷢ֱֳֺǶһЩƣ΢΢ֳһĨ죬ƾ˼ġ
΢΢Ц˵רΪ˵㣬һһû¿ء漴תļӣĶײ衣
ӴĶӦһת衣
ǿ;֮䣬һӦȫйݡ
̫ˡ
˵ţС漴ſŵλ
һмֱգôһ¶ɻЩŪطˣȴһ벻ϲõ顣
Ķ˾ɸһ
Сʵڿڿˣһڣֻọ̀ңϺü۾ע⵽Էָϵö̵ĴŽָϣ̴ֱ䣬ӳԣȴˡ
Ǹ˶Ҳ涮ܡ
ٵͷԼĲȹȨ⾻ʮָͷδʧɫڹٻ¸֮ңûһЩϢǰųܣҲǴδй
ʵ˵ȫİģڡ̫ƶ̫ĺ档
ʵֺγһ
ֻһ峺һ۾ر˴˶ھ۲ŶԷ

΢΢ЦţԵ
ʵ仰СѾ˵ˣֻ˵ûгڶѡ
ôҲ
ұ졣˫β˫ͫŴһۣȻǴעӴ꣬ͱ
ô֪
һ¡
һ˵漴λСǸŹȥ
һ࣬ƿһȴ֮Уֳ˵ǰԶĽ־һ棬;ӹڡ
˰ɡ˵ҵۼ⣬һҾͿˡ
СףЦЦǾˣҲŽôѽ
ϰˡǳǳתһת˵һөһģʹôһ⣬ܹʶãŮ˼ңԣôԼóԾͳһһ㣬кôĺôģϿ촩ôôĪȥ
գһ۾üȴЦˣ¶һŽݣȻǴʲôҡҡͷͲٶ˵ȥһָһӣǳ԰ɣ˿Ҫˡ
СǵĶʵҲˣԷһģҲͲٿҾʹ󷽷سԺˡ
ɻȾƣ
СҡҡͷһЦ˵ȤҲԷһЩ
üˡ۾һɨԱߵĴĶơ
ĶӦһ˫԰һŴɵСƺǰ
š﻽סСǵҲһˣǲܺȾƵġ
Ҳҿҿ
Ϊʲôأ
ˣǼƾͷ
С뵽ԼĶδȥȻǺȲþơ
˵ƽһֱǲȾƵġΪʲôȻַ˾񫣿
СҡҡͷΪʲôأ
˵ΪҺȻ뵽Ůʵ̫ˡܶܣŮ˾ͲܣҾǲţԸɴͺһʹ졭
СǡšһЦ˵Ҳǡֻ⡭ֺαأ
һ˫ۣЦ˵ɵǣֻϽ𼦵ס˺öǰļ𡭡֮ϧҵȾʹһЩԤТ˼ңһʱ𣬾ʹһ̳
ζô
Ǻã̫˵㡭ſӣڣһȣʾͲơ
һԵĴĶ̲סǰһ뿪ڣͱĿֹڲһʣҡҡͷ̾˿漴˻ԭ
Դϴθٷұ֮󣬴ĶǹԵöˣҲѧ˿ɫ˵ڣȶ˼ƣ£һǲˣĶڣƲĺá
ƺꡣ
ĸĶ˻ֵ㵽ȥò㡣
Ķһ£ګŵصǡ漴˳
ǰ˳漴һƣڵ˸⡣
Сǡѽһ۵ˡ
бһ˫Цôаơʲô
ƵûšȵƣҲЩ
˵գһ
Сǵһģüë˵ҿǲٺˣ˿ôǺã
ʱһƬҺ죬ȥġɫڰ𪣬ֲЦݣȥģ˲׽ں˾ƣ죬ټϲЦʱ紺ŭţ֮޼ˡ
İɣҲġֻǧͷ֪˭߲źáһɳɳڣȻǺܵöࡣ
СǵĶԭˣôǰҲͲһ뷹ֳ˺Щˣһŷ¿ӡ
ԷʱֻǲͣغȾƣֱú첼ŵ̳Ӿƺһ⣬ͣ
СһԵ㷹ɣ
ҡҡͷȴλվһֱߵǰվס겻Ϣ
ŮŴ졪
ôѽС˵һºܿų˰ɣ֪ǱûУ
˫£һ¼󳤷һ磬紵һƽ磬ģˡ
ͤڹ˷磬ػز䡱죬Ǿˡ
㲻ǻĴô۾עŴ⣬ȴڸС˵ôˣĪʲôδ˵£
มСҡҡͷګګҲûʲôֻȥ
ѵʲôŲµˣ
˵ţȻתһ˫۾ֱֱؿСǣ⻰˵ùֱˣСǱôֱֱעţԭȻıȴòȻˣɲ΢΢һ죬һʱ֪λشźá
ȻЦˡ
ô˵ˣǲҲ³£
СҡҡͷֲȻЩصʲô£
˵˵˾Ͱͷתһߣֱȥ
һѵĲ֪Ϣ䣿
Сɲ΢΢һعһۣҲ֪˵Щʲô˭䣿
ߣװ⡣һͷȻ㲻֪ҲͲٶ˵ˡ
Сһ죬ЦЦ˵
￴һۣ
Сɲֺһ£룬󷽵صĽɺã
üˡգһ۾֪סʲôطô
˵꣬Сעţ΢ЦЦЦżأȴǡĪ
Сǲϣ΢΢ҡһͷǵǡֻ֪ĽΣҸĸһֱĴ
Լأ
˫ȻüϬѷذף̵ֱС
СЩϹҲסˣ飬ƽҪ˸Ҷô˵ͻɫˣֻǰȴдˣǾͲ㷢ˡ
֮£ɴ಻ˣͷתһߣɫԵֳ˲á
ӭɪķ磬ЦЦȻǲ̸ˡ
һ󺮷Ϯ鲻Խҡһ¡
СæסѽЩˡ
֣ҡҡͷ˵ƣʲô
ˣȴ鲻ɼֳ̬֪ƣҲûȹ֮ƣǵչȡԹűؽءǰҾƣǿ˫ԭ֮£ͦܵ
ӭ溮磬ȻǿҵľˡȻþϳ壬һذô£ȴԸǰӼһΣڽǰһʯ
Ż£ǰ㣬̽⣬Ż˼ȴ²
СǿţϴĲ̡
㣬ˡҷ㵽ȥϢϢɡ
˵գҲʹӣ첲ذ
ˣһͷ㷢ҲƵĴִȫ٣Բƣȴ첻Ѿ̱˵̬
лл㡭ͷһѰɡ
ͱˡ
СǲŰķһŲ˺ֻͤһ̵ĴĶһ
ôˣҼҹôˣ
ϼҪȥȴ˿
ûʲô¡ֻǶ࡭һơ
Ķص̾һղŲ˵ô־ƺȲáƫƫ⵱ڶô
Сǵ£ֻϢһҲͺˣǰͷ·ɣ
ĶҲֻҡͷ̾ķݶܷϴʹգһ·չ˷ʳóλԣ󷢽üβһ͵ﻹײְֻȴֲţ֪һλķԼʮСҲԱסΪѵһ£ȴֲˣҲֻÿ˾Ϊˡ
ڣ԰ӣԷڴˣذײȥɾ鷳ǰ⵱ڶһ㼖©ҲãĶһôֹš
۵ĳȣһ˺Ժᡣ
Ķϴ󲻷ĵػعɡ
Ȼ֮УȴֻǴĶ˻֣ȥҹġԶԶġ
Ķɵ
㡭
˵һ䣬ҰӸ˳ûʲôˣҲȥȥ
˵ŴĶֲѡ
Ķֱ޵ƵƵҧһǻģ⾹³һܣֻñҲǣҲǣڵأɽǸζ
СǿȥЦοȥɣҹｻҰɣû
ĶЦЦһʱᶼ
ѷ˴ϡ
һɫ谵أԲͣţȻûڵʱȴѾˡ
˴һյơ
ŴϵķС޿κεһɫ糺죬ˣһ˫üţŶ˻ȵ죬رţô̬ˣҲﲻʱغһӣɢҵķ˿ԵһƬƣеһֻ˲²ˡ
ʹ书֮ˣһ֮󣬾ˣɴľƣǺεȵĴˡ
ˮˮһԷķȷЩͿˡ
СӦһæվһůﵹһ߹ȥ
涵ĵƹ֮£ϵɷˣСһ
ѽôȣҿ˳ɾǲˣҸƲС
ášҡͷﺬ˵ţҡϡҩ塭ɢ˵ˣƵȥ
СǴӦţƽźˡ
Է˵ˡɢ֣ʵأһҩǾѰɡ
˯ڴϣʱ֮²ʡ
СǼ̬ˣҲ﷢£ȰѥѥӷѣСһ֮£һֱֽƬ״ҶϸС
С˵࣬ᣬ˱ȣǡָһ㳤̣һҲƲ±һϡİﾹȻѥ棬Ҳˡ
ѥѡ硢ȹ£ڱ˴˶ǹңɻ䡣
ԷǵԸԵˣҲȻбڲһ졣
·ѹˣһ˿ϣС˿ǰľؼˣСǱѬܲˣȥһߴ򿪴ôɵǺһЩ
һſǸĶԶԶһɡأ߽䱸ţľְأѵá
һ磬СǲְѴϣ뵽˻ûΪԷҩҵȹߵϸƤңǹĹĵģװĶ٣СƿСӶǣɾͲ֪һװǡɢ
һҲûţСǸɴ໩һӵ˴ϣһʱĿն治١
ɢװһССıһССĵɫۡǺʽԲм͹塪ơ
СǴȡҩ֣۾ȴһ˼ͷǶһ٣澹Ȼ滹Ŷء
СײŮ죬ÿҹĺߣ˽±Ľѣǰλ߻ƣҪúơ
һŵǹĺɫϺ˿һȦ˿߶ʮ£еһư㡪մеġӯ䡱ǡ㡱ʵŮӵǦ֬뱾һֻζʴꡣ
Ȼⷽϱζ
Сֻעⷽδ幤Ǵɫ˿ߣļʮĿһĿɲΪ֮Ȼһ
ѩ͡
СǺȻ۾ļ֣ɲƵҡǡͬġĸ¿֮ȴɫ˿޾ɵһֻȴǻûֻ꣬һѡ
Сǵֶһֻǰһӷڡֱ۾Ļģ֣ⷽ˿ǰֿϣһһ
ѩ͡ţⲻǹء硭ô
ǡͬģĸֻ֣Ҫʶֵ˶֪ʲô˼
˵ⷽ˿Ƿ֮֣˽ľ찮ĹѩΪ֮
ţţСֻһʱң
ϵķԷ˸ӣȴһʺӳСǡ
СȻתƼ˲˼ҴҰǷ˿ԭĸңżһ̧ͷӭŵķ̬ƴŭŰ΢Ц
ҵ졭ѵˣˣ
Сһôšת˲֮䣬漴ֻ˯֮жѡ
ǰȥѷҩַȥȴﺬ˵ţ
㣬Ҫˡ
СһҪô
ȴֵҲҪߡҪѩ𡭡֪֪
СǿЦһ£֪Լ⣬˼ҲڸԼ˵ǸѶҪƫƫˡ
Ҫ顭Ľҡ
Сɲ̾һԼ
ﻹڲͣ˵СȴԸȥˡĬĬԵضǰһȴֱľϮϡȻԼһӣͷŶ͸ˡ
۾һٵĴ꣬ȴûֻǻģ·̫飬ҡģ֪˶ãŻȻȴ϶մˮҰϰӶʪˡ
С˳ֲһϵˮ˻ӣ˴Ŀעһλأڴƪأ
ҲǸѽǺοࣿ
̧֡Ӳһۣ󷽵ߵ˷ﴲǰһµ
Ѱɣҩ
Ȼһٿ
ң
㣬úƪ
ˣɵۣأм̬ʡ
ˣϹ˵ˡǽõɢЩɣ
һ˵ͷŷˣһʵǡΪɢɢŵ
СİҲƵ̤ʵˣȥΪ˱ˮҡط˺һҩȥ
û뵽ӵһյˣһˣȴҲ볣죬ԼҪ棬˾Ĳˣôһֶǻˣ
뵽СҲԽӾԼƿǧմá
ҩ̬СһСӡһǡø硱ֿЦ˺һӲҩذ
Сǰ̺ɺˣȻǹ̵̹ģ˵Ӧ뿪ˣȴƫƫĲ¡
ҵϴ裬ԺһˮĲʪˣΪͷϣ滻ţһӣž½Ҳɢãʹ˲˯ȥ
С˿
ڷﴲһȣֲǰǰƪǷſġ
һ·ˣѷҩ˯ҲͲһԣ±Ϩ˵ƣĲ⡣
̫ˣټϴעֲָ
СȥӣŷԭߡͬĸңʱǸСӸˡ
ңڴʱƼһյֽƳ裬˹
ǴĶ˹
Ķһۿỽô
Сǿһ꿿ȻȻմˮ飬ɼжôˡ
˫߽ˡ
Сǵͷ˵ҹˣһڣѷɢ˯ˣǲˣɷˡ
Ķһǰƿ˷ţѵ̽գ˷Ȼ˯ڴ˳ڣš
С֪ǲԼɵЩתһ룺ȮҢΪɼĶ֮УҲֲ
ллĶСһҾôˣﻹȥ
ȥСǵԼķѽ
ԭˣ˯
һ˵ĵƾٸˣǰͷ·˸һ䷿ǰ
ĶƿŻ
Сǵû뵽ԼסҾ֮
ԭΪƬԺӣԼסƺǾ׼Żдҡ
ǽྻһӦ֮޲뱸
ͭʣӶµġ
ĶһЦҼҹرյҪһжҼҹ
úϢɣ
˵˹ˡ
Сǵͷ˵̫ˡ
ĶȥС˩ţżԼʰǰǿĳ
⴫÷š
СǶڴϣһƬհףԽ뵽˹ѩ
֪ġϹһ˿ЦȻ֪ǵ֪֮Ѿ˺ꡭ
Ҳðɡ
ãﶼ֣ܴˣ
뵽ǷСͬġ˿ԽӵĲζǺһҹѩֵֵͣӰӣȻӿǰǹǿУʯŻһĻĻõǰӹ
ΪѩȻûԵԼʾĵĸ飬Ȼ˴ҲӦǡϬд΢ֻᣬǲ֮ģôҲ뵽⡰ĸֳȻˣȻ֮⣬СƺҲΪǡۡЩˡ
һڴֻǳ˼룬·һЩͷҲ᲻ˣ֮ӰˣôĴָдǰδйġ
Զһ
СǺȻվ˸һЦԼԼ˵ôˡ˯ɡ
Ϩ˵ƣŴҪϴĵȴһ졣
СǻΪ֮һŲϸȻ̤֮ƾʹڴ˴죬Ҳ򲻻
ˣʲô˻ڷԽĪè
ѻûѣͳȥơ
һְγ˲ĳǰϮ˷һߣ̽
Ȼ
һӰɴɿ볤ȣϵͳ꿿һеƣӦ˸⡪ֲ
ʹСǸԾģȴǴĶƵ͵ˣƺҹ˵ͻȻʮ־ȡ
볤֮ᶶһϵˮһñժ˦˦ֱŴĶӿ
ĶӦС
һ㵣ôﻹô
СǲڣڰдɾͰ˿÷ֻһȴһɽ룬ʮ꣬˵Ũصĺǻһķ糾Ϣһۿȥ֪һȺһĽ
ĶȲĻһ˫ԳüֻţƵƵСסҹβѡ
С̾ᵽôһˣ´Ҵҹ˷ţϴǺá
﷽˯ףֻһ΢죬һȴſ̽˴Ķһǹͷһ̣漴ջȥԹغá
ⷬйˡ
СаԲ죬ԴƬ̣Ǳ
ĶǸҹһͷȴһյֽϡ
أԲͣţʵͲ˵ȻҪ뷿
СƽҪ̽һˮʯʩչһԷǰţܲţ󣬵ҲŪԷ
ֽܿϱֳһ⣬˵ơСָڴϵһƿףĿϣڶ˱
ʱҹʱ£ֳ洩ŵһϮҰ׳ۣǰߣϽһᣬңȴһͺС߹ǹ
Ҿ֪ҹ׼ѶרϺݣĵҵ࣬Ȳɡ
һ˵ĶԵ͡
˫ֽӹ룬Ц£ˡ
һڣ²룬˷һ˫ӣٺЦŨصĶʡǽз¶ˣ
Ķɫһϲô˵
ͺһ»ף˵ֵĽˡ
Ķͷǻ˵ǹһ񣬺ߺߡǾͺãǻûְɣ
һЦ¶˷ڵӸʲôûйĵӿҲѽͼһְɣ
Ķҡҡͷ˵У˯ãʲô˵Ҳһ
Ϊĵҵģֿһ˼⣬ͷҲáǸĸ˹⸽Ҫ϶ˣҹעɵˣֱϣǲˡ
Ķͷ࣬³ɺ󣬹һ͡
ͺٺһЦ°ϵһɽӣǵǲңֵܴϴҪָѶأôһﱾǲҪԳ֣
С鲻Խشһս
ҵ죬ԭﾹȻǡ
ֱԼĶ䣬ȻǰţǼ٣ţȥĻǷˡ
⻹˵ĶŰһ˿Цĵҵģ˵һҲ˵ĻСλҵģ⵵ͬСɣﲻ֣ߺߡֻƾݸĸʰ޵ô
ͱڿһӷ࣬ƾڵطϵơ磬̶Էһ˵ĵ䣿
ȻԷָѩɽŵͷʵ̫ʢ֮£ʹĶҲǵﲻ
ЦһˡҪ޳ڶйôһ˵Ǹĸ˷ˣȻˣҲָֻʾ䡣
Ķٺ١Ц˼Сλҵģֻ顣Ϣ¶̫֪ʵѲΪؼƣҪԳֵĺá
Ҫ޳һô£Īʲôô
ĶЦ˵úܣҿĵҵȻȥתϵҵģ˵ҼҹλȰסһ£Ͳˡ
޳վðɣֻ²˳٣һлҪָʾźá
Ķͷ֪
СǻȥȻþһֱϮһŲʩ˸磬ಡȥ
ݵӷݳȥһǽ󣬼ſŵǼ䷿ſĶȶգСһס¶μôǵϮ򾱺ĺ磬Լʾˡ
˭
СĿתƺһӰӣҲٵһƬ߼
ǡĶ֮౳ۣɲصΪǷ֡Св⣬Ҫߺˣ
һź֮͡شҲƬƽ߼֮ϡ
ݵ䶨֮󣬻ȻӭͷĴ꣬δѣԼֻ׷ˣû뵽˿δ£һŪ˸졣
۾һӰֱǽƮӾ죬ƲΪӰ졣
Сʮ־ɥȴҲӿԼǰҪ׷̽ȥ
ҧҧ˱죬Ҳ׷䣬漴Ҳ˽ġӷ£ס࣬Ǵ겻Ъֵˮʱѻˮϥˡ
ҹ￴壬һɾͲˣһ˫Ь࣬ʱ˸͸ʪŰȹǣҲˮԷȻ⼰ˣ֮ȣѰ˵طȻȴ˴˷Σ˷ȴڶԽһǽϣ߹š
СͥѵſڴƻƣҪȥһܣƫƫ׷϶Է
˸߸ߵһͳ꿿Ѵʮ䣬Գ۷˿ˬԶԶĿ⾼ΰ
ֻԶԶСעţδһԣСǵߣ˵ĺڣҪԷǸʲô࣬ȫ޿ҲǼ֮
СŰشʪ˵ȹӣڽĶãĴ꣬ʹſ۾ѣʱδϼˣֻ붵һͳӣȨңƱ㽫Ϊͬƫƫͷϳδñʱˮһ壬һ㶼ֱˣͷֱˮӣδйࡣ
ǲ׷϶Էˡ
Сһͷֲһ޿κεӣԶԶǸˣԷ޵⣬ҲͰˣôһ룬ɴ಻׷ˡתˮ˼
š
СæһתǰȻ죬һƬӰֱӭϮСһδ룬һƼȥۡһϡһƬȡڵˮ֮ϣ鲢ʲô˵ȴһ¡һ¡
˷һ̾Ϣƺ˵˾ʲôȴˡ
ݵСô£ȡµ֣ʩչṦһ̰١
Сˮ;źڳ죬ȷ޼ƿʩֻѭ·תء
ʵֻ̫ǰѶԷſͷϣ¾˴Ķ²òˡ
صסҺûûоˣ壬һӲŰԼϴɾһ˵ڴϣŷΣأɲЩ죬ȴǲ²ǸԼʾ֮ĸ˲⣬һͷȻ
ѵǹѩ𣡡
ͷȷΪ֮һ𣬻ŷԶԶΰΣѩмƣֻǽţ
˵ǹѩΪʲôǰʲôѵҵģƺǲܣô֪ס
֪Լסξͺˡ
ҷġ
αȻԭҷ䷢ԼúܲǸζ֣仰Լ˵ˣôһĽ飬Լʾ߸Լ¡
һҲ²⣬СǵʱȷʵһʱԽ١ģ޲ʱͼѩˣҪǲ
һǡƬ顱ţ۽ǲᡣ
֮ǺεֿһӦʣСһ˫ۣԽԽ٣ԽԼвֵһʱǵζƿһһһҲ֪ڵʲôʱԳ˯ȥ
СһʱɫѴˡ
Ѿͣˡ
ԺﵽǻˮƬԭѼɺ˵ˮӣĹעڿȥ˵ʮ׳ˣ磬ůʣһеһȻǴΪͬ
ڵˮӣ͸ĴЩˮһſŸӳʮɫص¡ǴȻԭʼľ̬ˣֻмܹȥͣ
С˸Ժ⣬һУˮˢϴûȻһ¡
԰һЩ»ˮϴһ뵽˽ڱڵķ֪޾ǷѾתԷסŲ߹ȥ
ȷŽعţһСǰŴСæվ
˰
Сǵͷ˵ô
ǸСҡҡͷ˵һͳȥˡߵʱ򽻴˵ǹҪʲôܷԸ˵Ҫ㲻ҪԶˣϾͻ
Сǵͷ֪ˣУλأ
С˵үôһȥˣҪЩʲôҵǰȥձ黨ԶֳɣСһ˫С۾Цеص˵ǵС⽿Զһ֪ˡ
ôһ˵СǿЩˣͷ˵ðɣһһɣ
СƴӦһһС뿪ǰ
Сﲻ죬˼ŷͶһ뿪Ҫ֮£ܱܿҹĶǸҹп̸йء֮¡
뵽СǿЩסˡ
йطǷĲ˵֯ٳν£СȻɴĶλҹп֪һţȴҾʹ϶ҪԼۿ˷£׿ڵġ
ƺԼҪʼ˽ʱˡ
С˵ʵһʹĵ¡Լһ֤֮˷ȻһˣָΣԼ˫׵ľˣܷ
ⷬͻ˼һʱЩ֪롣
ʱǸСŷнȻþµһ㡣
СǴǮ漴ΪԼҴҳǰԺԼƥһȻࡣ
Ωַת֮Լ뿪ɣ˻ѳڸݵܳһξ֮󣬲һ̴ϻݵķＸ˶ˣ˵Ҳ˵һ·ָʾȷеĵַѭָʾķһȥ
ԭνĽϻݣʵһʽסʮа˾һЩٳϵһЩϿ·ľӣʡ庮٣ĲˣʹǹٳҲմһЩϵôһˣסҲͲΪˡ
СǺòֻ⽭ϻݵطǻҲɣֻǷ̫ЩǰʯͷʨӣĴţʴǰ濴Ժӡһҹ꣬ѽŵһƬʯϴõ㳾մȴҲΪƾɵķֺܿܶദ©꣬濴ȥǽˮƹùӣһˮʪľӱӣ·ɹԺӶǡ
СһƬ˩ˣƵ˻ţûʲôע⣬ӺȻ˽ȥȴһ˴ιιĸ
Ŵиŷ
һͷһ̴ֻּӣзֻֻۣСȫѣ˵ǽ϶ǰСɫĹȷҲѵһʵǰ޹ֺһͷҲֱۡ
Сֻͣġ
ͷһЦ¶űѬ˵ݵˣ˭˵˵ס˶ˣӵúܣһɲ洦أ
Сǲòӵҡһλү֪ס
ͷüսģյǲ࣬Ҹ顣
Сǵˣս⣬һλ
ޣô¡ͷЦλٹѽ
һ˵תСݣСֻø˽ȥ
漴ҳסһţޣһλӦ츮үɣ
ˣ
С˳ӦţЩţͷʱһЦݵԭүı죬Ҵȥүúܡ
Сԭ˵޷ǴȥԺԼѰҵѺĹٲ벻ͷƫƫ£ҪȥɣһʱΪѣƴǲֻԺ
ͷԷǸĹһ϶Ǹٵ׾죬λĲ٣ƽ£Ķ࣬ͷģȴǿѵд˱ᣬǲ׷ŹЦǰһ·н
߱˵ү˿вٵƽչңûʹǮ˵ҲǣǸģ
Сûд
ͷֵ˵үûɼң˵ǼиţǰЩӻţٺ٣㿴ɾˡ
˵ЦţԵֵġ
һ쾮ԺӣλٵĴţһ߻һյ
ͷȰȵ£ү˭ˣ
ĸҪţ̿ŵ˭ѽ
ͷһЦ˭ⲻƼ
һ˵ͷҪкСǣһʱɾɵãѽ
ֱŲҲͿˣ˭˭á
ɲǸɣιιһţæԻͷҡ
Ҳɵ۸ңɾҲûпá
Сͷĵݳ뿪˵Ժӵڴ
ң˵ԺһסѰǲˡ
ֻȷһ£һھҪԷ׼ת
Ϊ˱ٱŷǸͷ֣ǳҸ־磬Ҳ˵ÿʹһ·ವش˷תһסӣǰһƬ֣ŲΪ˷֣Ʈ¡
ȴһ˵ĵҲ̫ˣֻǺľˣȴԼҿѱ
СһȴûϵǰﾹȻˡ¶˶漴ǰȥ
ſһƬһͷҵĸߴУߴ
һʯϣһùͺͺһ֣״Եá
СﶯһţĪвڸ˵ô
⸽ˣǺֻиԼ˵ˡ
ˮԹ˸Ϲˣͳ֣׽ס㣬أԲеţˮԭڣο̹ϵֻԼҴС˱ˣͷȴǿԼǺͿ֮ӷ𣡡
ڸ˵˭֪ǺɳӰڰָˣ
СʱвԶֶԷкһòͷңȴдԷԾ£һдͳ䷢ͺ
ȵǶԷһ˫üб翪⣬һɫʴģȥй˵ķɡ
ʱȡ㵽֣̾Ϣһ岨ǷײմһԾ⣬ʼ֪ǬȥΪ֮һн֮УĪΪɣ
˵һ󴮷ϻвźزߵСӭ˸档
ӷλȥﰡ
˵ʱƣСʩһ
СֱֱؿʦղЩڸ˵ô
üкǺЦ˵ԻȴΪ벻ҪЦٷȼɫẒ̇Կ͹ݷԾĪʲô²ɣ
Сǲʱһ죬ڷԽͬһ˼ңԽ˵
ԭʦˡ
ȷǶˡϺһЦɵҲǻ˸
СǺЦԭ
Ѱˣ֪ɻûУ
ûСԷǸ˲ǸˣʦȻҲס֪мס
һţ˫ֺʮӷ𣬹һʶˣ˲ڿмٲסڹΪ׵һգǺݸдһͷҪҵĿǴˣ
Сʵĸɴ࣬дøɴࡣ
֮£СǲΪ֮һţȻЩĹٲסҺβ͸ǰУҪѻԷֻȴҲðʧãǷǡ
ţһʱѶȡᡣ
üһЦˣлҪתЩٲɣ
Сǳһ΢ЦɣȻĶ֪ȻҲͲˣʵɣ̽һķˣҪЩٲ֣Ѻ͵ȸ͸ѶҪС
ӷ𣬡Ϻ૵˵ԭˣ֪ˣ֪ӷ˵ȥô
С룬ܾ󣬲ſںԣһ²޹¹һڣɾ˵á
ҡҡͷеϸΣһȴ֪٣书ǿǼѺĹٲǵĶ֡ˡ
˵Ҵת뿪Ωֺ׷ʲݣԼʵܷ棬ֻܿ뿪ȴ߳̾Ϣ֮ƺأ˵ЩʲôȴҲٶƬ̣ԵʱԼƥɳ۶š 







 

  
ڶʮ¡в 

ȻǺͤȻôʢһϯˡ
ԵҲȻֻ
޶ż
ܲ˼ЦЦ˵ҹҺˣлչˡ
Сҡҡͷҵûʲôֻͨ巢ȣֿЦģ
˲ٵ
û뵽ǸôֲһϽҲˡ
СǲصϽ𼦣
㵱Ȼ֪һ˫۾һԭɱƫƫѩ𲻿ϳ֮ΣʧЩɥϣͽкûкñ
Сǽŵصش硭ôˣ
һЦ˵㿴һͽءߣɷģиˣÿѵʱܻоǳ֣˲оȣ˵ġ
ô䣬СȴҲ޻˵뵽ǰķѩ֮Ѿ飬ֻǾûɣҡ
ŷԵһЦЦﺭŵ˼ɶˣ㻹˼Ц˭ֲ֪ģ֮˸飬ֺαѰҿģ
Ŀ絶ǶϤģʲô
СҡҡͷЦһǵһμ˺˵ӣ֪ǲǻǵã˵˺ܶ໰
ʱڨڨģҶ˵Щʲô
С̽ص˵£ǹشڽ顭ǲǣ
ʱΪ֮һ죬ȴ򶨵صͷ⵹ġ벻һ뵽Щһ˵Щʲô
Сҡҡͷ˵˺ܶ࣬ҲǲˡֱɢԺŰˡ
ԭɢιҳȥģСǵͷ
һЦҿµϣ
Сҡҡͷ˵ǵûУѬ죬Ժǧٺˡ
ͷЦЦʱȴҲʧ棬Ȼʱ䣬ȴڡ˪һ͡šԵ侲ССͣԴܱĲܼ¼
ȥˣ
š
ȥ˺Զĵط
ǵҲûУֻߡСǲȻЦЦˮôѽ
һЦ˵ôȴȥһط
ʲôطСһ
ϻݡ
˵ĸ֣һ˫۾û£
СʵΪ֮һ֪ô𣬷ȴ΢΢Цˡ
ңһ֪㻹һУǺʶô
ǵǡ
ô˵ǵһμˣ
СǵһͷﰵšˣѵѾ֪ҸǸϺ˵Щʲô͵һۣԷƲ֪΢ɴͷƫһԣٶ˵
Ҳ֪ʲôȻɡȴҪһ
Сǲòƹ۾
˵Ҳ֪ǲʶǸУҲ֪˵ЩʲôֻܸǣǸĿǰڸԣߣԵˣҶŲ
Сǵһ˰ֻ֪˭
ͷ˵ģòˡСǣ㻹ѰɣҹˣҰҹˣҶԵĸмĲϣһǻΪˣף
ҲסСګګ˵ʲô˼
ĲףǳǳЦţΪһĴЩǲҪ˵̫ģô
Сһʱ֪Ҫ˵Щʲôźˡ
գһ۾Ҫ˵ЩΪҲϣһ㷭ɳҪǾ̫źˡ
СҡҡͷҵôΪһסⷬġ
һЦ㻹м춺
ˡС˸еصҴߣȵҹȥļٻȥơչü΢΢ЦЦȥ˵˵Ǳ´ˣү۾ôһܿɽһЩˣĺϢ
˵Ǽֿ԰ȥסˡ
Ҳûô򵥡С˵һμ㲻֪жˣοĸ궼ˣһεĴ۲ˣҿǼתҲôȥܵһ֮ˡ
ͷôأҵ˼ǣˣʲô㣿
СǿһۣҡҡͷЦһ¡
һ֪֪ϵĶδȥһ췢鷳
ԣҲҽϵĶˣǵǰҪ顣
һ¹ȻѣҲǾȫȻ޾ȡҵͺˣ˵а취
Сǳɵ
˭Ҳ֪˵˼Ҳײβѱȵ졣
СǷȼһϣűԻˡ
˵֮䣬ֻͤ⴫΢ߵ֮Ķ˵
һü˵أ
Ժأ
ŴԶԶȥĸǱ¡
վСǵһȥȥͻ˵仰ϯ
СԶԶǱһۣнסΪ֮Ȼһ֮һϤġݵһ¶һɽ룬ҹ֮ǰĶͨ籨ѶǸôһ֮£ҲͶ˼ע⡣֯£ĸǸһ˵׺ȫӻӴȥķ糾ϢһۼֱԶ϶ĸ˾ࡣ
ĸ˾ƷִڵȺŷ﷢ʲôǵ˵Щʲô
ȴΪԶãĸ˼ǶȥҲת˺ͤ
СԹ֮£Ȼ֪˵Щʲôȴжһش飬ͽҪˣʹ鷢쵼֮ˣǱˣǰò绨ֹɵķ
غͤķȻû˶һ㣬Ȼ̸ЦСԭϣԼ͸¶ЩʲôȴʲôҲûж˵
ȵСǷתصԼͷʱɫȻֽˡƣĺɫã԰һ֮ԽԶĿջǽһǰһ󣬼ʸһš
Ҳֻôһ˲ĵСǾȻطϳǷĶͶˣҴһ֣һƳ漴١
СһţãѵҪִ
һˣɾЩסˡ
²֪أǷĲ¡ԭⳡۼɢ޼ҿɹ飬ǧ۰衣˵ģֻԼܺǳԼҲʩ෹ν֮ͬںò˹ٷӣΪǧ˵ǡˮн̫٣ȴһҩ˵ʲô˶ӻ죬ǿǲܣ֮ˡ
Сû׶÷֮ǰܻɣȴ϶
𷽲ŷ˵ĻȻǴζҲ֪Լ书Է࣬ȻֵǰȴҲЩˡ
صͷԼʰʮ䣬óңɫͲˡ
ٵϻһˣ
ϻҹԵļž
ҹ꣬ҹ硣쬵ķɫ̺عιϣйӺӴս汻ˮˢʮֹ⻬µӳǹ⣬һʫ黭⡣
ǧԺ̤һܣ죬أҹɫȴһҲ᲻
һԺȫ˵ٹأþĻǶʮˣϾȥҡһסѴ˳ȥ
Ϊ紫кڵҪн٣յԵرš㻹иƺڴѺ󣬶ٸһЩȫС˭ϣ˭ͻܵѹĵĸܣûа취ȥֵġ
Ժ̤źɫһתջصݣֻƺԵü˼ţһӣδ֮ʣһ˫üֻƵƵѣֻ̧һƤ˼
һǰվҪ˵Ϻȴһ֣һŴµӣȴ޴֮ࡣ
Ϻеռߣ̹ˣֱƥУֻǺеַˣֻǵע⵽ǰȻȱһңһſŵӶֻǰϣɾͲЩơ
òףϺӶȥȴ΢΢̾Ϣһ̧ͷעǰգҡҡͷЦայúѽ
һ˵ͷأЩɢҵĺڰעӲѣİüʱչȻ鲻
ղصʦô
ƺһߵվԺС
ո˳ʦ
Ϻɫصϰҹƽ£ʱңš
˵΢΢һ٣̾Ϣһ
մһǡôʲô·Ͽʾ
ƺһ˫۾עյګګص˳£Уֻ¡
ֻô
ֻһء㱾ȴ˾ǣȻӹһҲ
˵Ϻ΢΢գһӣ˫ֺʮһŵӷ𣡡
ǧʱͷһףڵá
ϰĹ񴭹һʦô˵ҲǱסˡһ˵ĺá
ƺ̾һȻǱסˡĿ˼֮
գ۳壬ػۣɵߣоգֻѪ֣֮ȴ⡣
һ˵Լ˲أԼմȴѱһ²Ϊɥദͬ㣬ŶѶһᣬᣬ鲻ԽΪ֮
Ϻ̾һԭֻڴˣΪ㵣һݷգȴ벻ͻоҲӦĸעҷذܵˣܹ䵽Ͻǲ֮ˡ
԰ƵƵҡͷ̾ϢѣŴȱϣȻʧȥյһ£ɼٴһ̬֮ˡ
ǧȻ̾Ϣһô˵ѵֻԴвɣ
Ϻһٷ𡱣ҡҡͷֻƽȫûͻһŲͼ㰴ͼʩɽ͵Сزܹ֮㣬Ҳֻһͼˡ
˵գƺмתݣȡֽʣһŲͼȴ˽ʮ˵ʮݰ֮ڣù֮£ԭĵ֮ڣõʯ顣
ϺرϸҪҪÿһʯԭͬһоձģúãһͷ棬϶֣Ҳæ˶ʱž
Ϻرʮ˵Ҫм֮ڣĸʯģ֮ĸλŽջһԡ
ǺбҪ¹գЦ˵ʦ˵޷Ǿͬвǲ
ƺ֮£һӷ𡱣΢΢׵ʩ㵹ǲ¶ˣҪλȴѡˡ
յͷףϼѡ
Ϻе͵һٷ𡱣ʩҲ֮⡭
˵΢΢һ٣ϴһƬݡ
մΪɵصʦ⻰ô˵
ƺеʩѡ似ظ߳ȴֻΪʵʣӲһɱ١ΪѴ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һ
ʦ˼ǣĸһ򡭡޻ɣ
ƺкʮӷˡ
һ£ȻЦһʦʹˣ죬Ƿɣֺαء
Ϻ̾ϢһǴ˲ƬɱҲֻӷȱ
յͷʹĵصˣˡ
ϺȻ̾ϢһļѪ󡯣ΪϺδɷǰӱħʱͷȡ𣬾ȫ衣Ϊ˹ֻⷬʩˣҷ죬֪һƬģްӷ𣡡
տ̾һʦбָ𣿡
ƺ̾ϢһƵƵҡͷѡȥļվʹҲûм˾ɥȻ˼ȡ֮¡
ļЭһ󣬵˼ѹȡȻձɣȴҪѶԷʱ⣬ཫȫס޿ɡʱʩ㵱ͬˣȡ£ڱϣʾ֮ΩһһСȥɣ
˵Ϻһӷ𡱣ӵȥһ·ûзգмȣѪ֣֮ȴ̫ƽԲݡ˸Ű¶ܣʱһֳߡһҲиãСβݡνħ֡ӷһָ㣬йշɣﲻգֻΪһ㳾ԵƣϧʷȴΪΣΪΡ˵˵Ϻб鲻ɼˡ
ռ˵гϿңϷԣһʱмĪٿ˵ϣߵͷѡ
ʦָ㣬¹Ȯཫ¡
̾Ϣһʩˡ
һ˵ְ

֮Ϻڵ²ݻһֽ·ͼˣһȻЦһ£кɫ
һʦĪǻʲôΪ֮ô
ƺګګʩ֪Ĵ˷ָ㣬ȴıһѣѱ
մ󾪵ʲôʦ񹦣֮ˣȻ
пЦһµνġˣ졯ˣҲǰﲻʲôæģʩȥæȥɣ
һ룬ȷʵҲˣΣɴ˾ʱһʱȴ¼±ת
Ϻֻסѡ֮󣬼̴ң˱ֻˡ
մӦһˡ
Ϻ漴ڷǰȼһ㣬֮ת;֮УȻһط侴ȴܿɹˡ
ԼĪСʱ䣬ǧѴٴν롣
Ϻݸ߽ǰ⽫ǰĵƽˣϸϸһעӹȥ
ƹӰϺһһֻǰӢʢֻ֮Ϻȴ߻ۣ
Ŀ֮ȴͥνӡá֮ԼбֻӰǡֶѧ֮˿ɶ֪˴֮ס
ϺпĿ΢ϣһţ뵽ǰսһҡһʱ룬̲סҪ
Ϊ򶨣ٴ۾עŵǰ˵λʩ֮صҪ˲׹룬·ȼɱһʩչңӦȴ񲻿ɵֵһһڸǰɡ
仰˵ʮֳΪ֪˷ɣΪ׳ƣȴΥ֮ԡΪ˹ȫ룬Ҳδذ˶Էˡ̰οˣ
ʵԸ棬ĸǷд˰Ȼ־˵ˡ
ųƺȡֵһڣÿ˸Դֵ֮У˵ֻֿ޳֮ͨĸһķ֮󣬰ź˵Ҫв˼
ϺҪһһϰ֮ʩչ֮ʱվ𣬶ҽֵֻһٵظʩչգһϸۿȴҲԲ͸
Ჶ죬൱ӣֵַعѣһѧͻᣬ¸һλʩֵڼϰ
ƺпһأΪ⣬Žֹͣ
ᲶֵҪȥ֮ʱϺкȻֻסǣǵֱԪ桢С
Ĳȥ֮ϺգµȲдһȵ֮ϣԱسΪλȡ
һо֮ѵҹʱ֡
ϺпʱȥԶԸϥôʮ֮Ͼͬһ㡣
ҹϺвڲηȴΪǰһԤ
Ȼڤڤ֮Уȴһڸʹܲ峺ͨ
Ȼ̾Ϣһſӣȡӣҡҡǰֻڰ׶ɫӵֱǰתȴһ⣬أԲͣתѡ
ɫһͻسֽӰס૵һŵӷ𣬺ηҹأĪѰˣ
סöһЦҵʲôˣӣԭϺڴѹˡ
ƺкٺЦ˼ºˣ
˵вǷ֪ôϷˣȴӶ
˫𻰣ɫߣȴ־ԭ˴˾ʩչġ֮໥Դһ⣬˾š
Ϻ˫ֺʮһٷ𡱣ŵգգʩѰϺУǱͼҪʾ
Цʲôֱ𣿾Ѱİɡ
ϣ෽飬һг˿
֮£ֻվһƮƮݵʿ
Ȼ˲ǸʿֻͻǿڳȻһϺǵ֮ˣȻδ֪ܲ˵һṦ赱ǿ֪ˡ
Ȼ䣬ǰһյƵĵһ£˲ٲȴǰ뵽Ϻǰ֮ڡ
𪡢£˵Ǹ 







 

  
ڶʮ¡ս 

ɫ֮£˾һϮɫ£˾ǣ֮һֻͷֳֻɫˡ
̬֮ǵ˹ɣȴ䲻ַ֮ȻƣƺõĿ磬ŵ֮䣬޴ķȻ岻ѣıڣγһɿ쭡
ڷϵһյƣȷΪ֮Ϩ𣬵ϺǰһյƣأʣϨϨϨˣȴȼȻϺе֧֡
ӷԭָѩɽ½ɽݵѹˣʧʧˡ
˱һһֻſĳٿػڷڵӹַʱʧ
ݹ½֣֪ͩˣҲֻǼ˶ˣ估ţڽһֱʾųߵĲ׹ĵλ
ϺУزʶ㾹ܼҵ֣ˣеĸɮ˷פѹףȻзǳ֮ʰɣҪ̡
ƺƺ֮Ӧ˴ϣڽ٣Ҳ̹ȻԴӷ𣡡Ϻлص½ʩ仰ɾ֪ˣΪ˻һƹΪ츣
ͷ˵úãֻô
ӷĵΪ
ϺУֻܲˡ˺УҳȻΪ㲻ֵ
½ʩҪȫˣӷ𣡡Ϻ˫ֺʮһţǱҪʩ³ˡ
ðɣͷ˵һˣǲУ벻ѣˡǰ˵ٻл˵ɣ
ƺеϴ
ʵ˵ɣҴһУлᾡ¸ʿ׳־˴һﶼڶӵͷҲմ֣Ҫ¹˭֣
ϺһЦ⻰ҲʵڡΪǮġ½ʩɽȻǱˡ²ŹǰһУĪɣӷգգ
ȻһЦ˸˫۾ɫ
ϺУ㡮ӷһװɣƽΪӡ·ţ˵̿Ƕţˡ
˵ֻԶϡӡʱѹǳʱˡ
ʲôɫ΢΢һ䣬ϺȴΪԷȻԼͼòǰֻ֡һ˫һϵӣʸƽֱϮȥӣִֻչſʱлûҲƵһӰ̬࣬κһλбеĿܡ
ǺεȾһֻϺꣿ
ƺƻʵ棬һиɻƫƫвء
ֻؽӴ֮£ŭյһֻӥһ¶գžһѷɿ⡣Ϻһʧ֣ŶԷ⴩

һ˫Ӱһݵشֱһ¼գ˫˫£Ұɣȥ޼
ڵϵȻ棬о벻һɣ˫һ֣ʯ룬ƺֻȫ֮һ;ˡ
ϺУ벻㻹ôһ֣ʧʧ
һ˫۾ֱֱŶԷһ˫־һƵǰͿһӴִ࣬һˡ
Ϻһ˫üƵƵգѣ̾һʩʩֻ֮ǴŲɾţǼʶˡӷ𡭡
һҲ֪ġùºУֻһУˣֻϺҪѵˡ
һ䣬һЦִַ˻һƬ磬ƬӰֶϺеȥ
ƺ΢΢һҲһֻɳ
˫է֮£ϺС١һǾ޴Ȼ֮һֱ
ɣŶԷӣοֱ
ҹֱƴһֻ

Ȼվһ
ҹ쬣¹ӳڽ¹⻬ϣ˸ƬƬ⡣
ϺȳȲңͿҵˡ
һϮо޷ĳ£ʱ죬ӴʱȥԽԵ÷ˡ
ƺѾ˶ԷʵֻþĲѣȻ֪˵еǸǿˣ˿̽Ӵ֮²֪ԼĻҪöࡣ
ʵƺ֪ʤȻƺĲʣҪӡ֤ġ
ӷ𣬡ƺ˫ֺʮؿ૵ص־½ʩȫĵͷߣӲ
ҹ֮£һʹǵˡЦ˶ֻ֣ϺУһֻ첲ȥϹ
½ʩˡ
Ϻ仰˵ʹļˡ䲻֮⣬ֻҪбֵˣ޲Ĵ澴ʮûһ˸ҶĴӡǰ⼸仰ˡ
ʲôٶ˵ֵ¼ǿɣ
Ϻнһǰ̤ǡص
¹ۿƮеӣٿһۣͷ½֮ơ
ǼƯһʽﲨϺнŵֱֻ֣ŷһ˫ͷϰ
ڴˡ
ඥĸֶУȡɿԣʵĽӴ
ʮָָⷽԽӴ֮£Ϻһ·֮ƣ̽ȥֻƻһգȴԷȥ
ֻ֣Ȼӭ
ϺкһӴ˸磬Ʈ⡣
ߡ
ƫƫǷŲ
һһ׷һһӭڶδһ
Ϻܹݣʩչɱ֡ǧ
ӰƺѰѷ֮䡣Ȼ䣬ȫӰĻ缲һƬֱź۽
ȣȣȣȣ
һǱ˴ƻӵ֮죬飬ɼ˫ĳƸ֮ˡ
˵ν֮Ϻо׺ҲƵȴֻ߰˳߸£漴Ʈ
ǰƣʵȴѾˣټһҡ£¡һ̤ߡ
Ц˵гóá
ϺֻһϷȣһȴͨͨѣţҡһ£һӷ½ʩӮˣļ㡭ȷԲֻȥˡ
ֱֱڸ߳һǣϴһĨ΢΢Ц
һʤԸЩۿЩԼͥޣһԼ㡢죡
ǧһвͣתԺãһϺʾˣʱ콻Ĺģʱǰ
ĳ쬵ķϮ߰ȴҹ￪ֺϣ֨֨һƬ壬˵ġ
ʦ
վ⣬տһϺеĻǾ졣һ漴ǰ
ʦϲô
Ȼûһ紵ȣ֨졣
ƺЩԾֹţϺһģܻҵȥתһ룬һ󣬲֪²ټϺдһΪε˳ᢣԼһ϶ͬ죡ʱһʱ
ţһȣɾͲſ
һƬڣҲǡֲָƺôһ㲻ԣҲ˵
ǧһֻϵ嵶һֻǧ
һɲŵģһ
һŵô˸սﻹδŵǧ˵ϡ
ŵǸˣһŰײҲҵļӣ˫ʣüһɫһ˫ǹۣ΢΢Ц
ʹվŵģȫڴˣȴ¡
ǰһָֻ߾Żӣӳ֮£һŮһϡ
ȴŮλֻǶԷһ̴ӡ
ںվˣտɾһһһͷԣšˡ
﷽һڣݳ˶ԷŮһ߳

߳˵ȴ֮
֮߳£ŵһӰֱɲͬĴڶٶ֮죬ݽޡ
ôҲû뵽ôһ֣ԷЩʲô໹ûп壬ѱȺӰΧס
֮У̽һ嵶ΪһĿĺӣ˫סһ˫ͷ
⺺Ȼֻ֮£֮Ǽһƶֺ
һȴһ԰ס˫ȡôһɺãһһ£һͰո̧漴תá
ǧҪСǧ֡ɾͺˣϧֻֻ֣ôӲر˸̧˽
ղŽ֮ʱûǺڳһƬӻɾͲͬǴŹ
յȫˣϵյҲȼˣһʱ
ռȾַޣ۾Ѳ֮£ŷ˸ղųһǸŮȻأ˶̫ʦϣǰǸӣأԽߣ֮⣬ʣµˣǴпɹۡ
˴ӵգͷ̧ŵԼԷŮ֮⣬Ȼˣһ˳λڶ˿ȥ궼Сˡ
ˣǸռͷˣذһˤ£
աͨˤڵϣֻùͷᣬȴڵϴ˸ת࣡һ͵һӲͷ¹
áˢһȴһӲ˼ϣȫһӷ飬Ǳ˼ҵסѨ
ѨģŮߵǸӣһϹõġ˶ǰϸϸĹӣȴоóȴΪͭ˿̵͸ʹ
ϹСӵĹۡūŹõķڴˣ㻹ҹߵͷ
δ꣬ǸǰһֻͣһʱһأȻԷ¡
һµüٴηȴΪֹ̧ס
һθӵǸزͷǰɣ
سգ˵ôһ䡣
˵ḻȴҲ֪Էʲôáһͷͷ
ʱ֮£ɲסһЦҾǣʲôˣԭסһλʦȥˣ
һ˵һϺκӰﲻΪɻ
ﻰ䣬һӰٿǰǷԼ˫磬ԼݺˤˣǸӣʮ꣬Բһ˫ǹۣݷ˵һֱ
ջŲһһһһɼ磬ֱͷϲ˹ȥ
˵ţڶδƵĵͷķؽһлɽ
ԭǰӣлɽֵͬ棬ָɽһҪ޳ҲĬˡ
Թ˳֮⻹ǵһͬ߿лʽн٣ԶӾ񣬾ж֡
ԹѩʱȻһƬ飬ȻദʱȴϲߣȰľ޵ȴҲԽء
ʱ˷һͻлɽס˴ӣѸȭһڣ
òôŻһл
˵ţ漴۾תǧϣ΢΢ͷصģ֪˻Щģſڵʵ˵ΪҲŸȡ
ǧȼԷݣǸͣ϶þʲôʵ书ֻǼȻܷڣȻȴֲӡ
֮£ߺߣʲôģǸ꣬㻹ʲôĲɣֻǶԷȻԼҲʧ
ʱһЦǰķﱧһȭ˵ĳֻ֪ùǮ칫£ƽ³ķڵУĿɾͲܣʲôֱֻ˵ֻҪĳ˲Υģʲô
˵úã
΢΢һЦ¶˽׵һݣֻϧɲ㡣գˣͨ߹ٵ֣ж٣ʵʵؽǣɹЯѩɽͳﴦøʵݣͽɡ
ȻһЦЦҡҡͷˡԴִ͢£һֻ̣ǷѺͲ£ֻϲ©ְأȫոһ˵ŵǰ򹪲ѡ
һЦô˵ѵô
Цһ̰οˣ
ô˵㻹ˣ
ɫٿһֻӲش˵ҾһЩǻᵽУʱ뱣ȫɾͲˡ
ճ̾һȻˣɱҰɣ
΢΢һҪ˵
ʱֵĴлɽЦһ˽ң˵ʵ
Ŷţ俴յҿ㻹ʵ˵˰ɣαֿԡ
һϺʲ󣬺ﾹȻϵתһ룬Ȼ򣬰˼ˣ˵ǹʲ󣬵׻һ˵Ϻʩʲô۷һΪǿƣϹ
ĵϺеİԼΪ׵İУһʱʱ輴ʱ˿Լ׶༪٣һ˼ֻ½ΪӰˡ뵽٣˵ǰһۣһʱȴ޻˵
һЦƫƫ⣬Ϊ˵ӲشҾҲˣ
䣬ָһָһƼ񾢷ͻָ
ǧֻһ飬ʱãŷԷյѨ
漴תߵĴĶյҵºٷ
ĶӦһǰЦһѼһһһŷǰվס
صģɣ
һ˵Ķ漴ȡһƤֻϵסƴ˸߶ѳһͷϣСӣȥɣһտɾͳ˿зƵı߸߹
ǰһƬڣձѨֲͷϲ֩ȴ˵Ŀ࣬ԵǴһӡ 







 

  
ڶʮ¡ӱʯͷɷ 

еҪ޳Ժ̤һܣһͷǵҲһŭһ·ݳһվԺ
ôһ˫ͫעʲô֣
ǹ£ѵһ굽ȥˣ
޳Ǽ̲꣬סһں绰˼䣬Ȼǰæס˿ڣֱɽһһ̵ġ
ûдһ˫峺̺ž۾ڸѲš
۾ȻڵǰԶסˡ
һ˫ʯʨӣҹ֦Ҷ裬ƻ棬Щˡ
ԭˡ
ﲻǳָѩɽĵϵˣȷй֮侲Ĺ۲֮£Ϊİأղص˵סУ
ô˵šĶһ˫ۣ˵ţȴûôˡ
ⲻҪ΢΢һЦתߵ󵱼ҵģ֪һ۷ô
΢΢һ估һޣָǡϸ١֮
ˣǿǲһϵ˫ʨӣǷνġĹ˫Ŀô
һԾˡ
ѧ书֮жƵǺģôһᣬʱһݣǰһ˫ʯʨӽǰһţֱʯʨ֮һȥͨһֻʯʨѵľʱߵ÷˸
⵹ҲΪ棬ǣֻʯʨһĵǰ龰Ϊ֮һ䡪ºһŵǰ
ϺƵġļѪˣһᣬĸݽǣһյ˽εƣʱҹֱתʮźµĹžֱнطڿܡ
һ̣һߺ֮£ѣֱվ֮һӵϣһʱ뷢кЦһӻһȴڽתδת֮䣬һ˫ƣԻһǰأһͣ˫֮£ֱӻֱͨײʯͷԺǽϣһغ
еˣָɽһлɽҪ޳һ˴򣬲кȫɱС
ط˵٣ҲǾϸѡĹŸ֣δ˿ԵĸɷǣǾøڵ׼֮һ书տþսȽ֮£ɾǿ࣬Ƭ֮䣬طˡ
ⷬƣһʱڼս֣Ҫȥƣ۽ߴĶһۣȥơ
ĶӦһƻӴ£ʱǰһͷ֣һ峣ȾֵܣϹ˳ȻɸҲˡ
ǰΣ᷿һɹŲ۾ȻȫΪϲס᷿ﲻգ˵׼ǲˡ
ͷֵһܵǰһţֱŷȥǺһŴȴֻڵƹʮֻⷿĵϣźüӣö˵
׼ˡ
ּϲµˡһţֱ϶Ĵ˹ȥ
ôһԼˡ
ԭƺƵļѪʮĸɱ֣ϿǸΪʵȴǻй
ͷһŷ̤Ӱֻһƣ֮䣬ֻһƬ⣬˸ֱϮǰһæһ뵽Ϻڵ·ǿÿηϮ⾹ȻӰΰ˹磬ֱݲʽһѪ˼Ϊ֮룬ѽһʱʬ
ͬʱ峣һ⾰ŵùֽһˣȴһһƬֻ̽ϣһȴ˸˳һʱ֮䣬롣
Ŀ֮£߳һţ
д˵ͣסŲʱѻȫʤʮ˵ˣʣ˷׷Ķӡ
лɽǼֹ꣬ͣǲֻۿô£Ϊʲô
һЦһ۵Ҫһô
лɽԣͷһѰһǬȦϣҪ룬ȴס
еҪ
лɽλһѱ֮£ʱͣס˽ŲȴһĴ󲻽⡣
Ǽ᷿˿̷Ŵ󳨣ĿԿеĴȴֻжĸϱ̡ĸòƽӹҲһװʵڿʲô˲ͣƫƫȴӣвʿ֪Ȼйˡ
Բһ˫ۣĻ䷿ӹۿţֻ֪ǰΪΣ
ȴһʱ͸
һأ̤ŵϵĿҶ᷿תһܣƺѿһЩߣֻǻд֤ʵ
ңĺȴЩסˡ
ԭԸߣһֻǲѲͷ֮£ʵ˽ļأʱ޿̲ų˻룬ȻҪʱʱܴ£ҲҪֵ²ŷţôһӵǰôӣʹԴԶģ伣ҲһӳԺȡ
˵δ˵ﲻԼͬض㡣
һɾǷҪֲˡ
Ҫ޳ڳһԡйٱʡһЦԡ
֪֮ͨƵ֮ͷҲã
޳߳һã˫ʽǰһڣ˵һưٹ˽ŵһ͵һ
һ൱ƻȻ󳷳һһƬԭ֮Կ˸ա
޳ȴΪһ󣬽һǷӰ롣֮䣬磬͵ٴ롣
־ʮ˵һ룬ȱЩϮȥҲһ䣬ھһᲶȻһƬ⣬ֱͷ
޳ֻͷһӷ·ΪԷסתѣ֮£ӶйٱʣһԷĵƼס
ǿڵȴƾһһһͿ
ֱƽзƫƫǰ֮£Ȼ
һԱ޳Ȼ޷ӿֻáۡһĴڲֻ࣬ʹ˸ģЩԵϡ
Ǹӵȴûгʤ׷֮⣬һ֣ԭλǿλεĸֵأԱǰһɳ򶨡
޳й˫ʽһֻϣһְֻ˴ʱ֮䣬ѪѰֶֻȾˣг֣ȴǾٲоѣʹֱߺߡ
ͿǰӰһ漲Ʈǰ
ҲһɲǣϵȻһԾϵĵˢһһֱĿã֪Էֻһһʽȴúܣҵ̫һãǺһ˶ԷʽǽһȴЩȻҪϱ޳ö࣬Ȼֻá͡һ
Ȼ°һӣǰͦһ㣬˲ɣŵһ亹
澪֮£һ޳ֱ֣һǰȥ
һҲȷһɣĲеĹء
ͬű޳ǰѻλվ˫յǰ΢΢һ䣬һڳؾһȦ⣬ֱϾ˹
ıһڡ̫мʩһСҹս˷УĸͬԹһǺॡУܿ˶Էĵʽ
ȻڹⷴУȻһ壬棬ʵȴ
淽Լܿ˶ԷƣֻõڶһǰԼϾ˹ǰֶʽʵȴһСһʹü棬һʱ޴ӦһȳԵնΪأҲԵһƬʹһȴҲľʹ˱˶Էһʱ˼ʹ΢΢һһɽŭӲۡһƣѻڹǰϡ
һƣ渺ʹ֮£ȻʩչȫȴҲܲ𡢽һģһֻһӷȣۡǺһѪȴϺйգҵ˼Ȼԭλ
Ȼˣȴ֪Ȼð߼ˣһȴʹúܣʱ䣬һѾΪɫ˵ʱ٣ʱ죬һ䣬һɵ磬Ϳֱ䱳Ϯ
һڴʱ˿Ȼ֣˵һǲֻñһһʹѳԶԷһͣ俳ʵڣҪӵûɾ룬סѽһʹ
һȻɱԪ
Ԫ桢Ĳ죬ȻһǻкӦϺÿڵֵֿ߹湦ǰԪȻɱһܻ֮رܣһ֮¶ʱѪŭ
㽫ǵ֮
һߣȻ䴩ն룬ʵȴһȻ
ȻλŮ֣ɣڿ֮ߣӹͷȴǲƫеԪгϡ
һֶ˵͸˸
ŷһ߳ԪϸֵɾѰѳ֣һֶǺལԶԶϡ
һŹȻǵʱϺҲδϼԪг֣Ѳ
ԭ֮£ȴû˸է֣ŶԷж͵һ̫ǰһͣһԪǰҪǰ΢΢һֱֱͦͦ
ϺпĻʩһļѪ󡱣ԪǰʱȻλûƶоͱ˴˵Ļ˵ɾʹΪӰ졣
ȣеָɽһһвأԪһغ롣
Ȼһ顣
ָɽһӼƮ磬һ룬һܵǰ
һֵıһԡֹʱһ磬㣬ֱ£ᵶԼܣֻǿʵһУһ˫нӣ̸Ļʽһ˫ֱֹΪлնȥ
վ𣬻ӵӭܿ˶Է˫ƽһС
ȻһδеĺУԾǰ䣬һֱһȥ
˵һļѪȻĻһʮֵһʹӿһҲǷǵ˲ɣǰԪһĺȻ飬һǣһűȴԵʣ´ơ
һʧ֣Ų
ؿһХһ⻮նһ䣬ǰ״ǰ㣬ƫе˺еϣ䷨ǰһһԽиֵƿն𣬶ˤڵء
ķһμֹˣֵڳ˶ԷֵһͿһתڶ£ȴֱ¡
ԭԴӱ丸ѧ֮ϺһļѪ󡱣˵ϽʱһҲ¶һе֣תǰ֮ƣǶۻڶγ֣ǰһθΪһ伴ȴѽһֵֻֽסͬ
һֱ𵱿գһֱֱ£ͨϣȴΪлɽһ˫Ȧֱ䣬ʱԴ͵ء
ָɽһ˫䣬вҽһʱɥ¡
ת֮䣬ĲȥʣµĹҪ˵˲ᣬ˿ٶŴ֡
϶ʱһӵϣ֮£漴¡
ˣءĲȫɥһ⣬ϺвõĴһļѪ󡱣ҲΪ߽֮⡣
᷿˵˵ƹ⣬һʱȫҴռϼѪܵʬ壬ɷǿֲ
΢΢һüĶ̻صȥ
ʬܿͱ̧˳ȥ
˵Ҫ޳΢΢ͷλҵȻأѪ٣мŽõҩȥһڷһ뵷˴á
˵漴ȡݹӦһǰӹͱ޳Ǵв˵һۣ֮ԭһ˽Ϊ벻һ֣͸ܣԷֻǹ֮һѣǷвسΣ滹δ֪֮һߣǰʵʹҲ
̾Ϣһлùҩƿͬű޳˳ȥ
۾һתָɽһлɽͷҲʱȥɣ
ǡлһȭ˫˫ȥ
߷ƺ쳣˷ܣÿ˵۾ŵЩӣŷ̵ڿ
ȴƫƫ͵סӡ
һǶٸӡ
ԸһĶ̴Ӧţˣڱʮ˸ӣҪҪ֤һ£
òšƺгȡһֽϸĿֻҪ˶һ£Ŀˡ
Ķӹһۣȼʮӵÿһӵ֤ڶ֮ȣ׼ȷ鱨ԼӵϸģͶء
ʱĶȡ˳ӵĴӣŵصĿһһƹÿһ˶֮£ϡ
΢΢Цݡ
ȵõ鱨Ϊǰ⵵伬֣벻µͷȴ紫˵֮ȻˣЩ£Ҳûʲô˵̣ʮӼ˳صϡ
ָѩɽڽеǺεƣʵ˵ʵڲںӵĵʧ֮ĴصãȻеģҪ˻һˣ֮ӵãΪһˡ
Ҳɽ֮ǰڸ׷ǰԸҪ°ɣȴ΢ɣΪδ㡣ڣʵ֤Ѿ쵽ˣϲǾڲС
Ķǰһʾ䡣
˵λҽһˡ
ĶȥĵȴелɽҴʧɫмֵúܡǸСˡ
ǧձܺãֱѨȻˣܲ˵Ǽֵ¡
վͬлɽ˷յķãһغȻֱͷ֮ϣһ۲죬漴Ʈֱ¡
ˡ
ֻ˵һ䣬۾һԵ棬ҪҲѪ࣬һԵףѪɫ
ŰضصϿΪϣﶨᡣ
ӹضһۣصǿѹˣ
һ˵ȫѹˣ˷żɱ֮⣬ٲһˡ
ʣжأ
һ˵ͬӵĸˣһʮ
ǾͲˡ˵˰˸
˵ȻоЩԣվ˵Ƕ
һӵķﶸȻһӻӽ䣬ꡱһӱ롣
һ۾ɶֱˡ
ֻΪ׻ӻˮƵһأǴȻĿɲӣǴССĶʯ飬ɢһء
ﲻ˵ϳɵת׹˸ʮȫٺ٣װȫʯͷӶҪ˵ˣҲûһ㡣
һȫˡ
ֽһӲصջɳ²֡ߣˣҲ߲ԶǷͷȥ˭˾Ϊš
һ䣬ӷ𣬡ಡ˶淿ٴ١
ǧ˵һתƺ̫ͻȻˣԭϴȥһ֮ȻתʱǡвΪ١
ֻŲ̤ҶʹǾеһṦ裬ҲסᷢģÿһɲסЩľ֮Ǹǰҹˣȴǿˡ
ܺڣ֮ǰʱɫƾյӾǿϣҲܹѡ
ʵϣӰɸ߸ߵĵϾʼֱΪֹԷ˻ûи˵һ仰ȴѾĬĬظоˣһŮˡ
ƺ͸ˡ
˵ȻǷȴһľһģҲͬһ˫۾ƺ书Ҳ֮⣬տɾܱ
ܼ뵽ҪֻϣѲغõϺָʾ·;աȻǰеŮˣȴ֪ҪԼȥһ·ֻ߸ͣ
⸽ĵط൱ϤģƵǣԷߵ·;ԽԽԼ϶Ĳ֮··
ѵҲ֪ȴƲ̫ܣΪϺڻ֮ʱֳڳԳƺ֮Ϊ
ô
ǿѹɣǰһ̡
ǰľ裬ٿԱЩʲˡ
ѿɶȻ϶һˣƮɢĳ˵֮⣬һڳ¸һӦȫ
־޿ĹвϸѩɽŮӷ֮ǧտҲСŮӣ˵ǰȻǸˡ
һҧʮ¾ʶľ͸СģȻԷʱԼǽһȻδ֪֮óȻ϶жڼƺ̫һ㡣
ʵ̲סƺ«Զرͣ˽Ų
ǰйŲġɳɳȻתӣ󳤷һƬɴɢܼģȻֻһ˫Ĵ۾
ܶԲ𣬡˫ֱһȭЦ˵ʵڲ֪ҪҴȥҡ
ŮһۣÿɷصͷҪͻ֪ˡ
˵仰ǰС
ղرԸǰĺɿɾԽԽΪء
ȻǰеĹһ͹ľʯ֮ǰվסմǰƣɲסȻΪ֮һһ̽ŷԼǿڰ嵶鲻ߣȻǰʱΪȥˡ
ǲŮֱֱؿ
һ£˵
˵ӵĵط㿴ɶԣ
նʱһһҡҡͷҲ֪ߺߡֻһλпŮԭҲһġ
㿴ˡ˵ֻһλϺеһ֮
Ŷʱͣæ˵ԭˡˡҷų״ﺣ
һ˵漴ŮһҾ
صؿ֪һǷŲġ˼书̫ߣҪǱˣҲȲ㡣ңΪĳЩԭ򣬸档ʦ˵ͬһǰ˸ˣҲôϵҿɾͲ֪ˡ
ô˵ȻʱһݣͻȴֱŶԷݲж
һ̾Ϻ˵½Ҳ١㲻ضҶɣʵ˵ɣЩ£ֻΪۼܿܺЩӶ˵ȴǲСȻɣұһҲٶൢ飬ˡ
˵չȻת롣
ղʤյص̫СˡָʾˣԿĺá
ƬദܿԷݣֻöԷӣȴ߸λ޾׵ķˣ˲ɱӣһؾи֮Уǽŭ֮ʱˣƽ̸֮ᡣһԼˣֻԲλˡ
ŮҡͷܸʲôˣͷټȥɡɲˣҪǷˣɾͲá
ռ˵óϿңٲɣʯϣȡӣžһˣͿջ˼Ȧڷеһƽ漴Ʈ£Ȼ֮䣬˻
ǰɡһ֮ҲƵĻҲڶҹƽǵرϸ׻
ӰζǰѶѰĳºӡ
էǰĳŮһɻ֮䣬ӹװľ޴ѰñǰһųŮһݵһилָûݲ
ôһ˵˲Ŷףһʱ׷ǰŮ򹪳лѡ
ԶȻġǺǵʱ䵽ˡ
ϺеָʾǴʱ޵ʾղҳɣ¾Ϊţ漴ⳤ£ֳŵİɫװ
ϼӲһɫϺеָʾһν֮βݡʳ԰𾭡
ʱȣ½󣬰ڳһҡ״
ÿ˱󶼱һ޴ѰβԽرЩΪ֮ǰ㣬ȷʵһɫ޴ߡ
ⷬڳŮУ棬ȴһʱԴĦ
ո̳ŮɣѿڱԼСǡ
ĴǰԼȺУɢ˶֪ٻһ˲ĹģΣǼʶˣ޾ȴĽҪҴȥˡ
Ȼƫƫ⡣
һӰӰǰƫУöסΪһ˵ȥ·
է֮£ɲסΪ֮һ㡭
ûбУ֮䣬˫һ֣ӭһ˫ͷץ
˸ǷʱȻĳ֣Ȼһмв
һΣյ˫֣߳һͻֱǰϻ
һƾʵѿߣȻ߱ĸоɾͲͬձ˵·һ
֪ǡָѩɽĶŲؼơⴺ֮󣬽ű㽫ǿɱȻķ֮ӣҪֻǿһԵСȴΪ̡ۼ󹦸ɣԼһûа׷ѣȴûϵµͷͻȻҪɷǡ
ǰƣ˫СǼʹҲѲҲֻл˳ȥ
顣
߳һСֻӴһΪϸСɫ룬Хֱ֮ŷϮȻҪ˺ԷǼܣֻּʹԷȴࡣ
ȻСǳֵΰ֮£Ӳòһۣꡱڳ⣬ƾ죬ǡǡӭĴ롣
СǸ߰Գ֣Ӷ˹⧳ϡ
һѺǰ
زͷ㻹ô
˵һ˫ȴŷ嵱ǰѹ˲˽˶꣬ҪٳһԼ˵ֻԷһƴˡ
յȻ֪ǰ֮ƣӦһǰ
һЦҡ
𣬼ƮСǵ֮ϽȻ޴ӷʧȥ˷Ρ 







 

  
ڶʮ¡л 

һʽ֮ƣͻȻʩչ·ӣһէ䣬Ȼյǰ
̫죬СǼֱֹһнʩ֮һֱŷﱳֱ
С书䲻֮뻯ȴҲӣһǿҵɱ˹ܡ
СǻµĽƣһ硢ŭת㣬ֱǰеķﱳ
ӷ䣬ƺоľ˽ƣһȴȲһ֮䳸˱󳤽ǺॡһܿСг
һУСǰش
С̸оһɼĽ͸ȴǱ̹ǣԾΪԷָѩɽŽһŲȴһֻáˢһŶԷߴȴ߳ϣ˰߳һѿڡ
˵ǲû˼ȴҲɲסʹСǴһս
һ֣Ҳ顣
ߣԼֲ顣
תһĽͬʱֱСǰҪѨϴ˹ȥ
Сǳһת죬ֱӭס˶ԷȴöԷˣۡ
Ȼ֪ԼǷĵֻ֣ǵ֮£Ҳֻһƴ
ŷ֮СǾ͵һͻȻԾֱһ糤죬״Ľ⻡ֱ
鼱֮£С򲻻ʩչɱ֣ҪʩչȫסԱһа˳˻ӡ
ȴƫƫ⡣
һεЦڽһεӭһнһǣСֻöԷʮ㾪ˣɭɭĽǧϸСıߣͷطȫɲʹ󼱼ܿ
һԭɴֻ֣ôһɾͱһаˣȴҲܸԸġ
齣
ಣಣಣһ䣬һ浽˰һβǰǳƺŵһСβݡһչȴҲ治֮Է֮أѩ͸ޣ涨ϸ۲Ƭ̣㲻Ϊ׾֮¡Ȼһʢŭ֮£ȴƲˣһֱǰǸ˱ȥһ룬֪ȴãۿǰа˻һ۾һƬİɫ֮Уһ·ûڴƬ֮С
ƺдһŲʩȻѽ⸽ƿʮ
ԭǰһƬռĴʯ֣ǧٸСϸʯβգ岼飬һţοϺһ
ＴʹǼʶ㣬˺ҹȻӴ֮£ҲЩۻңŪ塣
ֱ̽üۣнָգһʱȴ֪η̳ȴͬİУһ·ʯ֮С
ŭˣ϶żķӽâ꣬ɵʯ䣬һĴ죬ʯм׷ɣݺᣬǾˡ
һСֻѿһа˵вأΪԾֱµĽƣգԷſġ
һʮգȻȴ٣ƣ꣬Ƶ綳Ӭ崰һһͣһһ仯Ī⣬ֻ׷нʧľ޴ߡ
ⷬСԳԾֻĹյһټսⱩ¶Ҫȴֲ֪γ֡
Ȼ𣬴ŲĿһĨ⣬سСǰվ
³ͻȻʹСΪ֮һ㵡
ߺߡɵĺ¡Բһ˫ۣȻĸԣҲĲ㣬
һĶ
СԴæӽӭǺॡһǡ
һתԾ㡪
˭ƽãޣѾͷƬӡ
תڶĴΪһͷֱ¡ɭɭĽΪһ콣âֱСϻ
СǵȻ֪λķǱѰȴҲܲ⣬ֱԽ֮󣬲ԵԷϹı仯Ī⣬ʮ㾪ˡ
һɿֱµĽâһ콣ֱ꣬ʹ޴㣬СǾ֮£ᣬʩչŻеġֹ⻯ꡱƬ⻪ŴУѰѶԷĽ忪һƿڣ
΢һЦԭ㵹ҲЩͣҪȻҲˡ
һ٣ɬЦ̾һֵҶһݣˣղߵĻᣬȴƫƫҪԼעˡ
һ䣬ұ޵ʾ޺˪ü۽¶ɱ
ɣС
ɭɭĽ棬Ȼ⻪ʧʾȻŵԣǰ֮ڲ޻֮⡣
ֻʾϵɱȴ޼ƣһСǰӽȥ
СԭЩӣҪǰڶԷжڼֻƼѷչǰز·Ҳֻʵˡ
ҲġСǲЦҡͷҶɽ
Ҫ˵ˡ
ŭ߳ҶѾûжԣȥ²ᣬߺߣΪЩͻҶ飬ǿΡ
СһʱΪ֮ȻģǰġǿСǰȴû˿ηĸоҲ뵽ҪߵͷΩһĸоֻźǸΡ
Լ븸ĸ˵ĶݣȻֶԵġڡ
塱ǰ֮£ԵöôСѽɺߵʹ֮֮ʱȴصʹ
ˣһŷ֮ʱֻижͼΣȴ˲˿ɱ⣬ʵ֮¡
ݺݵ˵ô£ҵأ
Ҳ㶯ֵġСǿЦһµҪôɱҰɣ
˵ɴ໹ʣһ˫ĵ۾ֱֱŷעţϵı飬Ȼֻźη塣
һУǶֲɣνСҡҡͷ
Ҳܸ㶯֡
ٸһףν
꣡һƽСǵգĽУֱѾϣֻһת毺ɾѱ档
Сһֺ̾αطҪҳ֣ʵ֪ʹĸ㶯֣Ҳ򲻹㡭ֺοࣿ
Цһô˵ҲͲضˡһ٣ýһתֱȡСʺһʮþȣһʧ
Ϳ˻һն
Եø֮ʱ䡢λ׼ͷǡôҪǾͷ㣬һӭ˷ֵĳ⡣
һöСͬԲ˶ɫ飬Բͨ
ˣáָ衱ĳִ򷨣ָϹˣȻĳӴ֮£ӲǰڽĽȥ߿⡣
ö֮󣬡˻˻һɼļ磬ֱŷǰɫﵫǣֱȡ˫ˮ˫ͫ
ȻҪ˺֮ˣɲ֮£һ㣬ʮһ˫˵ּӺ˵ʹ뿪ǡ
ʮһ˫֮£ӻһ¾þꡱݳȥ
ʵѾˣǷǸˣȴȻռŵ֮㣬ʵڻһ䣬ڷ䶨֮ȣǰƬɵʯ֮䡣
һŭ߳ӥȻʯ֣ȴʧȥӰ
ⷬ龰Թ۵С˵ʵһѵõ߻ᣬ㲻ػܣʩչȫĹһ·ٿٿ䣬ɣһ۳ԶǰһƬɽҰء
СǶۣϿɶ˺ˡ
ɽڽУȴһ˿ȵˮ
Сһ±紵˵ͷɤ۸ɵ÷ۣˮɲסѰȥһˮɽһ·ˮǳö¶ϪָʱԴͷߣ丵γʮܿɹˡ
Сˮ΢΢̾ϢһǱ⾰ǰδС
ϵĺһ͸ֲǸζ
ϪߣһȪһڣ죬ٿתӭת֮Ƶģȴɭɭһڽ棬ԼȽһ
ԭǼģֻ˹ŭҲͱ֮η
ܲģһˡ
˸Ȼϡ˱˳ŪߣǸӣ޲һСϴһ͸
Сһӷ뵹úЦȻӲģ紦̩֮ȻôԼ
ôһλʱ˼յȰ˴ʱվԼһϾά֮ҲͲο
ôʣľֻԼˡ
ͿŰɣ
˵仰ɵվŷǿɭɭĳû˿η֮ģ˵Цһ̽˽飬ʵҲֻԼףһǳŹѩġԼ졢۶ϲ̵ءȻʱ֮䣬֪֮ķչƺѵ΢ĵز֮ʱⷬȵ飬㼱תֱ£һֱǰıز飬ʲôҲ޿޲ˡ
ǰһһĸ֣Сǵĸдǰ󣬼临ӡ
Ĵ΢Ȳη壬ʣµıֻһ̩ȻСǳȻĸд٣һ䣬Ȼǰ˵͡
ԹӢϧӢۣϧˡһ˫˱ϵرȥã׽ԶҲףȴǻһп֮Ķк
ʵߵԭ⣬ȴκΡκΣ
С۾Ҳⷬʡ̬Ⱦ˷ǷʢˣҲΪ֮һЩ
ףΪʲôҪôң
ﲻƵеĽ
ֲãС˵㳤ú
ΪʲôҪϡֲá֣㵹Ҫ˵˵
ǵȻԭġС΢΢һЦ˵ΪԶϵĽϵˣм֮ġ
һЦ˵ǲ˵Լ
ҴΪԼСǵ΢Цţȴϲ׷ѰһСҲܶȥˡ
ˣ
㡣Сļȥ٩٩̸ΪһˣҲӦһģֻ󣬶Ǳź֮ˡ
ȻһЦȴֱס˼˵ңһȴûһģ˲֣ɹġ
ôСҡҡͷ෴ȴΪҲһֻǣʱȴⲻֳѡ
ٷϻΪô˵Ҿͻһǿˡ
˵ʱս˽Ϲ⻪ãʾһɱ
СεصѾ߹޾һһԥֻȻ²ְɣ
ûĻֻ㵽׸òһұ顣
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô
ΪҷصĲͷСЦѵΪӦô
¡˵վҵ˵ˡ
бô
Ѿ㹻ˡȻνɣ
ΪʲôС΢΢һЦΪűȽ֣
ǵǣΪȽϹƽһЩ书ܸߣһƴΪʲô᣿
Сǵͷһ룺ðɣһҪҲδɣȻĽֲûʲôͬ
˵仰漴˳
ͷ˵Сһת߿⡣
СصûУȻĽҸö࣬ҵ˸ɲͣɣ
һ룬ͷãҾˡ
ƽأˮһȴһһ˫⻪̵۾΢΢£ˣϸϸؿŶԷ
С֪ԷԶԼߣɱ֮£׶༪٣⣬ֻµͷлرܣʵʣҲӹ롣
ⷬ׼̬ƽһֱ֧أ漴ǰ㣬Ż
ȻЦһ¶ٴηϷƵģȻСǰ
ǰӣһ⣬ֱӼնֱ쵽˼㡣
һֽУȷʵὣǷ֮ȣͿһЩ̬һڳֱ֪ڲһ֣ǰмǰӣһԶأֱСϼ˹ƻһ֮ͽۣ¯ز֮
һƬ⣬ŷƮӰѩ壬СȻһΪϽĽסݳ̸ס
СȴĽ䲻˻򣬵ŻȴҲ˲Ŀ֮ͬ
˫֮ĽӴȷ΢úܡ
ӭŷĽСǲȡսǵߵͻơһ߽⣬СǣһĽƣȫһȫΪһߣ֪
ȻһǷûõġ⻮˼ΪϸСһ˿죬żѷﻷܵĽһѷ졣˵ʵڹʵ޷ǽﵽһ൱磬׶֮ҲԿߣ߶˱ĸоȴΪ
üէӿٵһǶȣСǵӼǸ忪Ŀ϶֮˳
ȻΣյ˼㡣
ŷµĴƬâСȻȫȴѶദƬ飬ƼΪն
һСǵһ⧷һȦһСȦһͷţ㶼Ľչ֮ˡ
ЦһһӣСǻĽȦҲһԲȦ
ⷬʵ̫ˡ
һתȻȦ⡣
СǡȡѽһһʩչһĽܳ˵ϼչСֻһӷ亮̹ǣȴΪĽ˽ȥ
ƴһ֮ʹСȻһת˶ԷĽơ
ǲվȣĵڶѳ̵ִ
һСֻһֻһ̴ʺڷȴû뵽ﾹȻΣһ˲䣬ס˽
ֱֱָСʺϣСֻһΪԷɭɭĽססѨŲá
Сֻȫ˼Ϸű֮ЩȵĸоʶѪ
ǲ԰׵ɫ
ֻ۾ضţȻǺҹ˴ȴظоϵĳء޺ޱ飬Ҳ˴˼Ѫ仯
ԭɱ㡭ȴ²֣ˣһɡ
սһʡ
ţСƳһۣٿתӣͷҲصˡ
֮СǲתԭΪˣȴû뵽Ȼڷ｣ӵ˻
˵ģһѹûжϲõĸоȻϷԵػָ֪֮ʣµֻޱȵı裬һᣬ¡
󺮷ϮҶɳɳ졭
Сֻϳ䣬Ƭش˷﷽ȥǰһƳһƳʤ̬ޱȽϧͬ顣
޲иط죬ԼȥСǵĸоԼѾˡ
ԶȻҪá
ƽҲûܹܴ裬ǡǿ벻̡᲻ͣţѪҲͣµšΪ԰ף۾ʶʧֻս賿֮ǰĺ
˰ɣʲôҪţͷ鲻Խƶһ£ŸоĻš
ˮȡȴһ͸ǵıӣشģѪ
·ֱסˡ
ԽǰǳǳϪ̤˾ϸһĶʯɢĺֻ̲ĬĬǰţһһͣǾɥ͸ˣżȻ̧ͷ˸յһǳɫġǾν΢ˡ
ŵһ䴫˵һۿǵʱ򣬱Ը
Сͣ˲ӡ
ҵԭǡ
ҡԸ㱵˼ţҵԸءѩ𡭡
Īģ뵽˹ѩ΢һ뵽Ը̾뵽
ѩȻĿռ˵λȻǲ˼֮ˡ
ǹѩ𡣡ԼԼ˵û¡ҵԸӦǡ
Ӧáǣ
Ǹˡѩ֮⣬ȻһƬտգõԸǣƫƫһǧͷǽ˵Ĳϼ˿ͷӲǳ鲻ǸԸͷ
ϵĴҫ˸šСǡһҼˣһƫƫֿ޲
΢ǹȻãȴȻήҲһЩͷˡ
ճյأһʯĽһʯ棬һ𻨡
һ죬ʹȻΪ֮һ
˽뵽˿µ֣ʱ˿ûʲôµζ˵һοһֹ衪ȲܿԸҲͲôˡ
ڽѱסǰֻֻǲ
Ҳһ׾£ǰСȴʮڿˡ
۾ʡݡĽҧšô
Ȼһ磬һЩϸСɳϣʹ
һӰ޺ҲƵɵǰԶοնӣһ̾ϢʴĻɫ£ſ˺һ졣
˺ÿһṦ֮䣬ѵСǰѰ֮
οࡪοࡪ
ѵ֮ƣӴһ˴ɵļ磬ֱСϾ
С˵˵Ȼ֣Сඥ֮ƣȻΪ֮ѹ
˵Ĵ磬ǿľСǴ
˵ڶǰ֮ƣȻ浱ǰ̫죬̫ͻȻֱ壬һʩչƷ䡱һֱϳ
һСǿɲе֣δ֮ǰ㼴̳齣˳ȥ
ԭҪ˺һʧ֣ˣ磬һմˣ
˳ɿ⡣
СǿɲݱôϷŪԼ߳һ׷
ǰ죬ֻ֮䣬ӣС˵ڵڶֱ˵нǰһֱԷġ
ǰһˣ˫էţࡱ˴Ƭ״޵Сǵһɾǲôһûдš
Сڶȴ䣬ת
ꡱСһǰһǸ̶ֱԷš
£Է𩷢ü飬ǸСƴʦ
СһһȴʽˣսһֱԷüġ
СǺǡһۿһžһѰСǷĽ֮䡣
ӷ𣬴԰ꡣ
ڣһ˫ȴǽؼŶԷвɣСһҲûѿɾЩϹҲס˻
ףиʲôʲôʲô鷳
ӷ𡣡˵ŮʩĪˣйһԼ᣿
ҵȻûǣҪҰѴˣ㡭
Ϻһ˫أԽĽСǿɾ͸Ϊջ𣺡㵽׷Ų֣
ٲɿҿҪˡ
Ϻһ˫ѩ׵ĳüƵƵգѣ֮£һڿšӷ𣬰ӷ𣡡
ӷ𣡰ӷ㻹иûССͲԾܲίһʱҪˣ㵽ǷŲ벻Ҳҡҿǡ
һӷᣬɾͶε䳾
Ůʩ˵ﻰǸˣɲܸºͿ¡ƣɽڣûգٷգա
СֹţϺпᣬôҵȫ֪أ
뵽̧۾ˣһۣЩ˵㵽Ҫô
˵ֻҪѰͷľͷﱦҪȻٺٺ١
СǶһüëЩգ룬̾һҵְ֪ɣ
Ϻһ˫ͫӿСʧһɱ־ȥǡ
ӷ𣡡һŷţϺпɾɿ˽ŶԷе˫֡
СȻջ˽ݺݵصϺһۣŰѱ佣ʡ
Ϻ˫ֺʮգգһģձغӣްӷ𣡡
Сǰһ̾Цǳˣ׷֮£ЩҲȥ˵ˡޣˣʦ֪ӣƽˣ
Ϻ`ϣЦݣȴǲҵصйĺ踣ʱలֻǡ
ֻôˣ
ֻǰ;жѡڴˣҲΪˡ
Сǵɴۣʲôѵ
ﲻضǡҶﲻæҲΪһԣȴǼģͺѵˡ
Сתһתߣ಻ȷ֣ܳϹٷһ֮سɹָֻǣֺ˵ﲻæأ
Ϻһ˫ͫӵתȴѶϤġ˼ȴһȰ΢ЦźǸΡ
Ϊ¾ľ޺ˡ˵Խһţӷ𣬲˵˵¾ʵùһȵãһʧΩ޳أ塭
Сգһ۾ҡҡͷʾ⡣
̾һ˵ҿɲ֪˵Щʲôʦμ棬Եιһ֪ʦķôƺأ
ʵǰˣǧἰеķųƺУԭСǲòӦǵģȴƫƫ⣬δС
ϺüƵգӷ𡪡һţüЦʶǳȴϵĸĺСˡ
˵΢΢һ٣ͫɢ⻪ګګʵ˵ĶԹﲢİĴȷ֮
ޣԭҪˣ仰棬˽Ų
һˣʶ
˭
𣬡Ϻ漴ָĿڵĻǹѩ𣬹ϵã
С΢΢һ£漴һͷʶġ
ܻ᲻ʶˣǡ֣ȴһǵóʶѩʱһҹ齵ȥݷԼͲ³˹ѩǡʵ֣ԷûзϣҲ˵Ĭˡڲ֪ʵ˵ǲ۲۵ҵˡмеĺᴫˡ
ţʵЩɹѩģֻδ֤ʵѡȻ֪ˣԲЩ𾪣ȴҲЩƭĸоأء治֪ʲôζ
ӷ𣡡Ϻеһ󳪣ඥ֮ƣźȻ۾ϡ
ԭʯͷĳƴʦҾĴǰ̫ʧˡ
˵⼸䣬ĻشͷΪѩ֮£Ͳܹһ̼Уöö໰ʱ˼ˣھǰȴɺﻹݡ
˼ʵı仯±ǨƲԹ̫΢ˣ̫첻ű߼ˣţɫ԰ףֻޱȵ䣬ֻǿϺеһ˫âЬɢ˵ķ˿賿ĺš
ң˵˿ţһʱҪҵǸ˿ͷֱס
ƺȻһܴ̾ˣʮ꾲žֻΪһԵֹ£һԼˣ֮֮£һʪץ棬Ҫһ˫ǲ֮¡
Ůʩлδ֮ô
ҡ
ЦţҡһͷųƺУصʦʲô
ӷ𣡡ƺ˫ֺʮګګص¹Ѿȫٶ˼ˡˡһ·糾ƣ벻ҵĵĳϼգģЩԹЩġΣ
С֮£һﲻ˼ţԭѿ֪ҵ⣬ֻǲ˵ƶѡףλ֪أ
һ˫бӹ
ӷ𣬰ӷ𣡡Ϻ˫ֺʮһš
ҪСѰķţǳԳƺȸʦ֮ڣȥ壬ħ֮ЧС֮£ֻһƬ̩ȻʱįȻΪͣȻԾһϲ
ȻֻǼΪݵһСĿǰԶ֮£഼¡һܣεܿɹ
ðɡС΢΢һЦֻǴʦȴҪӦҼ
ӷ𣬹⣬֪ȥɡ֪ްӷ𣡡
ÿһţСϼһƽ֮Уֻǹָ̬ǰɼļԡҵ֮ޣһһϦɼʹʹ֮ġ
ȻȴϺеıоġ
ʦ˵࣬ǲԸ⵽סһӡҲԶסȥˡ
ʹãʹãӷ𣡡
롭ҪʦΪʦһĴӷ𡪡
Ϻ֮ɲסǺǡЦˡ
ôݺ˵ɣ
УСǺʦھ͵ôӦңҲǸ˵ġ
ðɣͽܡϺ鲻Խ˷š
Уסʦ㲻ɶ˵ҲҪκ֪¡˼ҪӦҡ
ƺüƵգһ˫۾ֱעӹŵһȴʹĵҡ޻ֲ̿ʹ赽ԼǷԲԡ 







 

  
ڶʮ¡սĴܡΪ 

Ұɫղ⣬ûһƬƣÿ£ʱߣȻоʱȴ͵͵ˡ
붬ķ磬ɬ̷ػصǰʱЪԵطХ˵㲽أСÿ
ǧյ֮£˸СĬĬǰţСճƺеƣһνβݡĲ٣ȷһߣһ϶ߡ
һ·֮ϣ˴֣ɽ϶ƺǰȴ˹ԭҰ
ڸ߳˵ĿݻƲݵصǰͣס˽Ųһ飬ƣ벻Ͳ¼ϵص˯һ
ԼҲֲ֧ס̾һЩɣ
һ̽˱ϳص͵شȡõĸˮԺеȲеأ˯
ԼȻҲеЩܲסȴǲ˷֧ŵϵҲֻܴһ
ﲻ˯һӣȴһҰĴˣֱͦӡ
ɫ£ŵ޵ĺɫߵ㣬Ǵپٳ᰿ʣǿɹۣ󵽣ԭҰһʧȥЩҰСĵ׺Ǻεȵʧɫź
ȻǰգȴûЩ
Ƽĩκһ紵ݶȻ򣬾ǰİȺ𾪷ɣҲǡ³򡱰ɣ
۾Ŭؿֻֿ긴졭
˯Ũˡ
ߵĲͷһ̧ͷĺǷƺΪ˽ҿǰ˯ĻҲͦܲס㶼˯
˵ǰ˸ˣ˵ǰֻޡͷôصʹòԭȻɫ
һֻҰֻĶ䣬֮£һͷ˲ݴԡֻǣԶԶ̽ͷߴţӡŻһ⿴£һ̼βҲ֮زز
˸˵㼯һƬⷬƿǾ֮һΪصգҲȻ͹ֲҪˡ
һӰĳ֣ŲҶģʩչ֪ṦϷɡ
ʶֹֻȴûǰʩչɫǸи֡
һɫƮŵϸ˿
Ǹҡҹ
һģֵļˣµĸĶԼ޿ϡ
ţе˶½ڷֵĺ֮£ٿɢ漴˲Χס
һ˿Цڷϡ
ʧõϲǲġ
ǹʹһ˷֮󣬰˸˾ȻظϡοǱǲҲѡ
ǰڵϵļˣﻺ߳
˭ҪǵͻΧɱ
ܸ֮£׷׳˱УӦ
ӵʹĴ澯ʵƣգȻΪ֮һ
һֻܾ˵ĺ꣬ģһʽͦ

ֱǰô¶ûп壬ȴѳһɭɭıУ˲ϡ
ֵľϴ󡪡档
ǰϷˣһʱУĸϺõġļѪڣʵѰһɹ˺֮ǡǰյһٴȻһ
ŭ޲һͻӳյ׼

˵Ƿʵֺΰղֻд㣬ôɱʵ̫ˡ
һЦѹһ˫ӣԷš
ţСӡҪɾ͹ֲҽ顣
˵ţտɾһƨɶ׶ʱ㿴ǰһУô£겻ȻһεڶԷϡ
ƫͷͬ˼ۣһʱȻشͷ
ʲôòٶ˵ˣɣ
ٵؿк£ɱҰɣ
ɲ㣬ǻ
΢΢һ٣Цաʵǹ˼Ｘַ죬һ֮߳߸Ȼں˯ŵġŵġŵġĽŰ˲ģ̬죬һ㡣
Ƕ컹أӻ˯ʱ򡣡
߷ԸܹȥüСӣÿƨɾһţһһѣ߸ŴγѣȵŪǰô£һͷá
ͷ벻ɣ΢΢Цţʲôֻ֣˯ŵ̫ˣǲѴ֮ǡ㻹ʲô˵ûУ
Ȼ漴ԸߵĴĶȥЩװĿӣ
ĶӦһ΢Σǰǰһ̽漴ջϣֻմӵɫͲˡ
ȴҴ⣬һһѰ˸װѰԹ֤ȷʵ֮ŵͷｻ
ȷܸˣΪһٵõЩӣǵ׸ɳ£Իɽ׽ˡ
һ²ͷ鷳Ǹ˸ЩӸţкö·ҪߣͲൢˣ߰ɣ
Ļ˭Ҳ
ǧտЦ̾һǰˣһĿ⣬һԵ߹ȥ˸޻һһ
Ӽأÿһٽ˸ԱȻ׳书ڱҲסѹͷ¶һ졣
ǰŻӵĻᣬܵǣȻǰ˸һʱѷΪٴʱɾͷˡ
̣ҧһԵǰУ½С
Ȼţ
ȻǱţ߷Ҫıһ¡ԭǰһಽУȴﻯΪ㣬ɢһνġβݡɾ͡νӡˡ
տȴ޼ƿʩ
ʤȯգǿģϸǾӣԳлΡçʮ꣬Զ·;ָƣһ뢻֮ԭ֮·;Ϊ̣һн֮˴Ķ뿪ˡ
һ󲻾ʱ֣ɽǰһֵС£˱ЪϢЩʳ
ﲻڣһȻȻرΩհĶǷǰĸ¸ȫкˡ
˵֣ҲסмУֻǲƾӪνʲôѣºȻôһӶͣҪҪˮæ˸ɿ
յһԭƣʮ֣һ·ڣ˿һͣ½Ҳ߲ˡ緹֮ڴһѻ𣬸Եغ˯ȴеҪ޳ͬСϼӿأԤڻƻ֮ϵ
лɽָɽһϥϣ˵ܹˣӹسǿӲȥ£ֻǿȥʮֿʡ
һڲ裬лɽЦһҡҡͷⶼһˣ벻ϣȴ˸³˶ӣ϶˵ô
ָɽһһСŵ㡣
˵仰̽ͷ⿴һۣãڡ
ҪǱɲã㻹ٷɧɣ
ָ֣ǴĶҪǱȻá
лɽһôһ˵һϵһſź
ôҾҪƵģʲô
лԽ˵Խһ˫ۣûϴģԽԽث֣ҪңǰǸᣬһݣǰ
ָɽһꡱһŲվֻǰŲ죬߹ȥһС
һһлɽˣһɴͷתһߣٴ
Ȼˣлɽ⼸仰ɲһʡ͵ĵƣ뵱գֵĸϣһ⣬ӷֽ˵Ǻεȷ⣬ȴü£ΪѣίֱǱˣţɾ鲻ɼطһ̾Ϣһʱͷ
磬лɽѹɤӣֻҪͷǱֻһ仰ߺߡСЩ֣ҲвֵһֻϴһߣȴкҪͷС
һһЦ㵱¼Ըʹôţֻ¿ǧʲãһŪãߺߣĸȫҪˡ
лɽһµǾһʹɣ
һصٿɣܻлġ
лɽһ˫ۣʲô᣿ǰǻʲôСӸˣǮǵģȻԶһߣүҲҲѽ
ǡСӻúܡһֲɣǺ
ģֻҪϴһͷСӾаҲӲˡлɽԽ˵ԽһԾԾԵģȻֳһƬɱ
ָɽһվڷһˣȻ½ŵȥϴȥ
źȻһӱƿһ棬˵ܲ٣ܲپ͵ǡлէ֮£㲻Ϊ֮һ㵡
ţ߹һߵ
һֵʲô£
۾˸żĹʣʱˣָɰɣ
лɽһµվʲôϴ˵

ɤѹüͣСҪˡ
һһµ˼ǡ
иӣʱҲó֡صƻ·ǰ·һĦ룬һϵĹٵǾ·ǰȰСӸʰˣȻɽ
ǡлһֱͷʵϴʵڸߣΪһɽ·֮󣬿ɾǸĸˣƾǶǰε˽⣬ɽѸʮҲ·Ҳҳ
һˣлɽһʾͬ
ã͸ɰɣһź⣬Ǹӽңͱϰ˰ʮĸӲл
Ǿ̫ˣݺݵصһۣϴϴϣлɽ̻⣬ͷˡ
²ʲãܽ㡣
۾ָɽһ
һҧһͷ
סȿǧһ㲻¿ɾͳɲˣСӱӻҪҪ죬Ҫݡ
һƤЦⲻЦأǣһϵƤ⣬˼˵⻹Ҫա
Ҳνʲôƻ費ƻ裬ʵڻһʱ䣬ȥȴѾǺˡ
һ·ʼûͣ쬴Ϯ۵ģǼΪ֮ѿǰģ
뿪ǰϢСһӣǰĵطǡʮӡΪվڵǰԶֻĦϴСʮ˴ߵأƣȴַ⡰ʮӡֱɴ˶
һʼָɽһͽڴĶǴ粽룬ĶȴÿÿĴ澯ذѾԶ
Ķɲɵϣǧĵӽɲܳһӡ
ӵƣֻЩ˲Ϊǣֻŵͷһ˲һ
㲻㣬Ҳû뵽ҸѾѱ˵ֻҰޣȻԴ󷢣һεݳצӣ˶ɡ
󵱼ҵġĶһ˫۾ǰ·ɸôһ߷
صȸ˵˵
гǰʱһЦҪ϶˵壬·϶µ˵˵
ָɽһѰһھִƵķذڣԱʱ֣кüޣ´ӦһʱǰŴĶ
кμ̣
һ˵˫ֱȭĶһ
ĶƤЦƣ˵ҿɽĵͼ
Ҫۡ
һ˵һɾͰѱõĵͼ˫ַϣĶִӵĵջ֡
ҵģ㻹ڿͷ˵һ˵ɣ
һһذףۿžͽڴĶ̽ͼһƶ벻ԷȻָ⣬ɵΪ֮һ
ֻӽӴ֮£ĶֳһЩ̣һ
һδڷһ䣬ճ֣ʱ˵ȻһֻǴ˿Ѽϣǲݲǰִһɽͼſ
һԵлɽýţǰһǧ
է֮£һǰ಻סŭ߳һһɭɭذﶶ˳
һçײʵѾ˼ǣ֮һ
һȳ棬ʵĶ·סˣ̶̵ֻĵϣһƬĿ׹⣬׹ֱĶʺϼ̹
ĶХһȻһȻоȴȻϵ³ͻȻһģһ⣬֮£Ҫ㿪ǰһɾЩˡ
ӷһ룬һĵƫӰΡꡪһƬԴĶߣĵ˽ȥ
Ķֽһʹ֮£ȫһһв֮糤̵һӣѪӿ˳
һһԭҪȡģȴ벻ٳʱδΪԷһ
һĵƣĶһͷԪҲƵķ˳ȥ
Ȼ֪ҪͷһأվˣڶʩչȫֱһԸߵȥ
磬ڳһɲǼ䣬ȫĵˣӲǷ
Ķӷһ룬лɽбＲ˹һ˫ǬȦ̩ɽᶥ㣬ֱͷչһҪ޳ȴ⵱ڷһڷɵէ֣˴ĶСӡ
ĶػӳľȣһӲؿĿлɽһǬȦ
ܴ֮£Ķм֮ӡͨ׹ϣҲƵڵϹš
һֱԹⷬս֣ǰƺѵʱ
ҡ˴Ķߡ
ĶԭôһһĶ֣Ҫ޳ķɵܴ֮£ﻹл֮ܣ
ǰȻĶһŭ߳һ϶Ƿˡٿطϳȣ浱ͷֱ
˿ֻӣһѰѶԷȲһЦн˳һԷǰȥ
ͿһԲݴԼ䡰һһ˺򣡡
ˢɳһʯͷӶ
һʯͷǲСһӿڳ˽չ֮Уűģ;㡣
һ֮£ȴǹ˲ɱĶ㣬ٿһսȥ⡣
ҲͬһʱһӰǰһ䣬ѵ˴Ķǰأƣһѣץס˴Ķӡ
ȥɣ
ַһѰѴĶ׳⣬ڻĵسݼ䡣
ĶȻɵӣǼģæڲݵһ˼ʱҶ
΢⣬ǸȻԼˣԼ˷ǸѩȻԼʵ벻
ѩη䣬һӰٿԲ漲˹һڳ̵̹߰ȥ
ֹȻ죬ȴִɡһд֮̿£ֱǼءóˣﻹüΪѩһƣС£ءһ㵯ߣһͷȥɾ
˵еָɽһˡ
似һ䲻ôտȴҲ˲ãֻΪһʱ̰й˴ɣõĽ֡
ѩһƽָɽһֻѵ˾ŵĿɿڴ
һ֮ϳѩ֮͡ѩ𡭡޳һϳչصģԭ㡣
˭ҫޱȵľ£Ȼѩ˵ʮİ
ϴǹȥǸչصġ
˵лɽǹѩ°ܽ˷棬ƵϷۺ죬Ұһһ֮ϣʳ޼ֱ޴˵
лɽгʹ޵˵ţһ˫۾ˣֻǬȦţֻ뵽˵Ŀ£ղ
֮£ɲðһȻǰϵһ¡
ѣ㡣ʧʧ
һ˵ر˫ȭŹѩһȴתҪ޳
ģȥ϶ûˣ˳ȷʵ˰ɡ
ݣͬ㣬뵽һܲΪ֮¡
˵˵ţסһ
ʱҪ޳ָɽһصǰһ̽ʾ漴ӡ
ˡûģǺƴˡ
ɭɭصţ
ѣǴӺ˵𣿡ʵĲηעŵǰĹѩ𣬡ˮˮֺαΪԽ޴ң
ˡ
ѩǰôлɽҪ޳γɵǵλ
˵ҹܲţҲܣֻͷһеӻȴǲκĴǷ֮롣ϴ󣬻Ƹȫһĺá
һЦѷŲǣɲĳ˲ʶ̧١
С죬϶ȻɥڸϣֻѸݣˣĪΪԿ̸ôĳֻһ佻ˡ
Ϊ̹ѩ˵ǰһжѲʤȯ֮£Żؼġ
ѩƫƫˡ
Сִ˵ͷ˸˴Ӱȫ뿪ҪȻǵɵ¶һֶȡ
һڳɱִϡ
ٺصЦţһ˫ҷлջ
ĸʮԵУɱҲһΰ˷ϡǿַ˭
ʤƵȻȫű˴˵ᣬѣƽĬ
ǣҪСһ۲δزǰֵȻ
лɽһ˫ǬȦѲֹһεַȥŶֵѲλ
Ҫ޳ֺγȻ
ʩչıһеһֱֳһ棬ȻѲ֪жٴΡ
ѣ̫ˡ
˵֮䣬ѷְѱһνϡ
⵱ڶջݵܡ
һʽӣлɽҪ޳ңɳһ˫У˫˫ֱŹѩȼֱ
汾˸Ҳţл˳ֵͬʱѵɿǿνԲˣͷֱŹѩͷն
ǷͬĲλ֣ǿһ£ϵÿ޷졣
ѩϵдһ֡
ͬʱչ֮£ѩӼҲƵŤһ¡һŤǡô棬лɽ
ţǺУĿҪ޳е޳һ֮£Ȼ˲ﻹü
ѩһγ֣Ʋ顣
Ҫ޳ʱŻ󿪣һٳȴһŹѩ𳤽ƥһ磬ꡱб޳ǰѡ
ΣѪ硣
һѪŹѩӣҪ޳ݳӣֱͦͦȥ
ѩĶһе֣һнƳӿն𣬴ߴȥ
Ϳһɼľ磬ֱ꣡Źѩӭ
ǹѩƥǰӭֱķȴǲҵġʵɷ̫ȻӴˣֻһһԡ
ǹӭ漲磬Ȼ
է֣һӰпհ㣬Ȼǰһ䣬µһ磬콵ƶ˵ľѼ
ⷬƣǰδ˫ȻȴΪ֮סˡ
ɫ氵ڰȽȽҺ£һҫϡɱ棬ȻҲʹֳ˿˭
ᣬ˿һʿװˡ
ѩһ֮£ȷ֪ԼδˣֻǹϷ֮һεȷ֪Է˱Ȼغ漼һǱȵеӡ
һ棬桢лɽ˳һ֮ʼҲԳԾС˵ȻҲİ֮һʱŪ嵽ʲô·ֻǿŶԷ

էȻ壬ЦһָѩǼں£ò֣Իᴦ
ѩ䲻֪ߺˣѿ֪ǵ˵һͷˮòʲô·֮£һʱ֪ôش
лˣΪ⡣
һЦĸˡĳ
ģˣһЦһԴǵģ˼㻹˳أָѩɽݵְࣿҵҪǿʲô£Ȼ췴
ûбȴԳָѩɽˣ⡰ָѩɽһɲʹø˾Ϊ֮һʱɫ䣬˿һۣص˼ңĪָѩɽķ
ϣлɽͷȻҲǶһء
ˡòر壬֮£صȻҲ֪ˣߺߡȴǲãԸ˼Ǩ֮ˣ˼Ǿ顣
һԳݣָѩɽˣҲǷ֮Ѳɵ˸ɢ
ߡϡӴ˸ګګ˼ҿǧҪᡭ
ǿԼˡ
Ǿġлɽ̱ˡ
ȻŹѩָһָչصӣɱǵˡ
ǿ򶨵ɲԩ˺ˡ˼ҡҪΪǱ𡭡źá
˼ҿιչصģӵģлɽһֻۣһֻ鼱ҧĹŹѩ𣬡չصģúºúµͷɱث֣㵹˵һ滰ɱǱڹѽ
ѩӵһЦлɽ޳ܵ˼㡭ҹǷǰĹ㣬ҲҪȡ
лɽѵ˵ˣ
Ϊʽģֻǵû뵽Ϊá
ѩȻסڲٶ˵΢΢һЦ֪ⷬǷֱӲǰλ۾ԼȻѾ̬ȣжԱֳĬԾ۱ĺá
ϸһ˫۾лһתصҲЩͣһϣһ˰ɣ
ЦһղҳǿָЦʲô˼
Լɴࡣ
У
лɽȻ˾Ƶģţүӣ㲻ôԸԼ˵ġСС
˵ţӣȻߡ
ǰݵ˲
лɽƣֻȻһջһơ
һƿƼ˫էȻӴ֮£ˡ顱һ죬лɽÿ죬ø죬һײ֮£ֱóϣһ˺üڶԾĵȴԷһηе档
ڳ˶úڶƽһƸָֻţŹлɽһ£߱㵱һغ
ƺҲֻйѩһ˿˶ߡеһʽ鰴ʵָѩɽҵĲֲлɽڷˡ
Ŀ֮£ȫΪ֮һ˵ǳص׵һ
ڶ̶̵Ƭ֮䣬Ŀλݵһһ֮࣬ʹǷܹݵġ
ȻޱپԼҲƵһУȻֱŷǰ˹ȥ
ˣԷܷŹԼ䰧ģԲһ羡ܣԷһ޶¡
һʱ䣬ӣνһƬ⣬ֱŷͷֱδֻҲ䣿
ǿ߱ϾǺߣٿһ죬֪ôһԷǿν⾹ȻȻ赽ϣ֮£ӾͿһͦһʽѩ﷭Ʈ⣬ٿԷȻվԭطһҲδƶ
ߺߣһ˼㻹̫ԶıС
˵ʱذǿν̽⳯ϣƽڣ΢΢Ц
֪ڽ˶Էϣûֻûôףֻǰ֮£ȴҲı
ԭҲǵкڵ꣬ҲǶһȻӦд֮
үӣڶɷˡ
ڣȻ˹
ֻ촦ֱνĽ϶˹ȥκĿ֮£Ϊͼʵȴͼ
֣ۿѽץסνһɲ֮䣬Ȼ䣬ٿһꡱһ˫Ҷɵǳ۰㣬ڼƼֱ쵽Ըӵز
ԭ˫ɵǽָ֮ȴǵϵϵһͲ֮ڣżΪǿĸֻɵġ
ȻİƽȴʩչֱΪ֪ʱȻʩ޲ɺֻǰ̫ˡ
֮ƣһ˫ССҶɵһ㣬ֱһ˫
浱Ȼ֪һе³ʵȵ֣ȴѰϣɵһֻһռʩһְС֮°˹ȥ
ȷѾܣһѧȫˣĶʵǹǿ󣬽ĻҪöࡣ
һ˫ҶɵԳԷνӴءҲͬʱ֮䣬һ˫ȻڷСϣһǰѳ̵ˣء١һ
չۣһӲʯҲܻɷ飬ƫƫСҪ˫ֻȥ˿Ҳ꣡һ˽ȥ
ȻпϲֻΪԼðճɹݵ˫룬ˤȻβֻöԷСȻ٣ǵˣȴһּԶԷ䣬ʹоһ˫Ʒ·һյùȽ֮Уǰѣ˸ǲףֱѡ
Ȼ䣬Ӵ˷˫ɱ۾ĸоǼֲ
Ҳһһֻϸ֣Ѿǰء
Ȼֻǰһӷ·Ȼ䱻ܿնһӵ˳ȥ
صˤڵʱлΪǵ޻һ㣬ȴҲʹ˱Ҳˡ
һԸȫֱۣ벻λ󵱼ҵĸѾˣһСﾪһ˺Ȼɢ
ֻⷬȻڷ֮С
һɴ磬ӣôƮ磬ɼƣһɸͷӹ֮󣬳˹ѩ֮⣬ÿһ˶һزƶΪصĵѨַסѨ
գԼһɵ֮ʱַͬЩ˵Ѿ֮£ֻǰŮʩչøΪѡ 







 

  
ʮ¡Ϊ˿ 

һ󺮷紵ľ죬ȴֳֻʮ½Ʈһԭվ״żⷬɲڹѩﲻܲ衣ȴг㡣
ǰ񼼾ˣްݷ
һ˵ʱ漴ŷһȴ޺֮⡣
ҹﾲŶԷˣȻЦˣҶر飬ĶǸūһ㲻߰ɣ
ѩ΢΢һЦ²ûǰ˵Ҳûб֮
Ҫһ˱Ӧá
ԭˡѩ΢΢Цô˵µҪǰл֮ˣǰĻ֮ˡ
Ļ˵ʲô˵ɣ
лǰѩһǧһа˵ǰյȰΪַѨʱͬһż
ǰȻǸԱѨֻǱȴȻٽصֻѹһʹȴãʮһࡣ
ǰ֮ģ¶Ϊ̧֣ˡǰɣ
ѩֱ룬ܷŵùһлֻǱԭ򣬹һԶѡ
ȴڶУȻһЦһҪǷɣֻ͵Ի뿪ǣܿԷȥˡ
ѩصʢ飬ֻЩϵ໴ǰȴֺ̾ΪУ̧֣ǰһȫȥɣ
ҡҡͷ¿ɾݲţߣѸʮӣҪੲݣɾԹˡ
ѩ̾Ϣһǰ˵ǰԼĬĬһԸ粻ʹƽִһҲ㺶
áͷЦȻҾͳȫ㡣ǰ·ҪҪȫԼˡ˵úԣѩǾĻֻһƴ֮;Ȼ·һ
Ȼ򣬹ѩȴƱ޾񣬳̾һ֣ѱǿڼҴɣִϡ
һɵĹ⻪ǰӳյüԱ̣Ȼǲͬν߾֮ôֽߵҲͿ֪ˡֳһ˿죬漴׵ˣһЩɣڱ֤Ȼ׷ʲôˣ
ѩ𲻱ΣԳݡ
ϣһһ˿ЦҲûˡһԵϸ֮УȡһȻĹףѸٵشϣŹѩһµɣģžʮ֡ӷɡչҵֲܣ
˵ⷬʱĿ΢ͣɫȴ򶨵ÿ¡
һ䣬˫ϸͫӼ䣬֯һĹʣŭԹϲ˲ұӡ
Ϊ˵ʮ֡ӷɡó˫ףʹùѩȻΪ֮һհϬצѿڱ֣һʱΪ֮Ȼ
ϸĿ΢΢һбʮֲصסССͣϵűУ
ѩһ룬ڲԵҡҡͷʵҲףԼΪʲôȻ˵ԼϤ֣հϬצִӺε֪
һЦȻ׷֮ӣûдɣ
ѩЦð֮ǰֺαضһʣ
ŭԵĸױǳĹطˣǲǣ
һ¹ѩҪҲˡ
Ϊʶáš׷ƲΪ棬ʶӹطߣȴδ֮ţ÷ӷἰοյıֱȻϡ֮¡
˵ѽôɵ
һֱԱʣ㲻¶ؼʡΪ˵˽
ѩȻһ˫۾Ӵ֮£ɲΪ֮ļһĿΪ֮һ˵Ŀʾܴ˼ά
ǰ۾֯Ĺʣֹŭѣֱɱ
ѩûнӴôµһ˫۾ѹЩɵסˡ
΢΢һͷ˵ģҵĸףǰ𣿡
ȻЦһͲٶˡʮӷɾų޵Уͽ㳤ʶֽҽõľΣ
ѩ֮ἰԼĸ󣬸ޱԹޣĪԼĸгޣ˷ԼԼйޡˣֻ½Ϧ׶༪ˡ
˵ˣȴҲûŷ硣
£ѩ𱧽˵ǰȷҪ׳Ҳֻǳʮӷɾεȸ߰£Сɵܾð£ֻ漰ʮ֮ѣǰָҪ׳˼ֻ¸˼Ҵʧˡ
ɭɭЦһЦ΢΢ͷ˵⼸仰ҲǼ٣δȫᣬʮ֮Ҳпɹֻۡʩչǡ
ѩҡͷһ㣬ҲֻѴ
һΪʲô
ѩɽ֮ʱҸصعգأԹ׽򲻵ʩչǰʲôԹҪʩչ׽ಫɣ
˫üչһչޱߵԹȴһʱ˵Ʊѩ⼸仰Ȼסˡ
ȻЦһǸһ͵һڣúãǷҪ֮ʣſʩչ׽ˣҲѣֻܷŽ
ѩֽƽصǰҪôһ򷨣
ɭɭЦһЦأȻ伫ˣߺߣֻܷģݵλԲܴȥ˵һҲգҹұһֻ֣һֶֻУ޻˵ܿȫһˣ
һ٣ֻһգڳأֻʣ¿һ
ˣҲԸѩѴ࣬߳һУ
ÿ
֮£ֻùӰһżζٿն£˹ѩͷ֮ϡ
ѩȻ֪ǰλմн̫Ҫʮ֣οĻԹ˵ǵӦУԼҲֲֻʲô
սϧԳ֮ȳ֣һѣ顣
һƬ磬ŷԿնӰµƣһֻӲ֣§ͷǶأͷֱץ
ѩڷȻµһȻһ֪ΪԷסһҪؿڣ˵ѩ»ţֻһͻΧ˶Է֮Уˡ
žУϽùȻδؽչ٣ȴʵھеķḻ顣
ҲΪǰڷȫ֮£ȴܺϾرŴ򶨡
ȻಫѩΪƣ㲻ܲʩ伫ѾۼȫڳʱӲȴһڳӳ
һھۣһз֮ƣâȪ㣬ȫ¾ڰ֮С
ڷ˵һʵǴ֮⣬Уû뵽
ǰǣ̳лƣѩȻӶ֣ȴҲӲѩĴһֽ֮֡
ֽҲ£ڽϵһƬâȴǴ󲻿ӡȨ֮£㲻ò˼ˡ
ֻһ죬ŰϬâ׵һֻ֣ڶԷĽ֮ϡ
Ҳǽôһ֮ȴ緭һ㣬ڿֱ𣬾һ׹ϡ
磬ɽ䣬ҰϷգƵѩһƬ
һվ֮ķǾ飬ֻֻӴһֱϸɫֱŹѩ
ѩԸȴУ˿⣿Ƶȫע
ڶһ᳷ѩ̾Էʩչһֹļ¡
͸㡱򷨣ֻͬǡΪߡѡɲҪСϸϸһ⣬ȴۼżΪ֮ըޱȹĿĵڹƹѩʩĻ
ѩֵܵ
Է֮һʽ͸㡱ַһʯҲΪ֮зΪƫƫѩȴдͨ͸Ծ첻ֹˡ
ԭѩԼΪǰԽ˸İ֮󣬹鷵֮ԼεؼϰΪͨ˲١
֪һ֮лǴ٣˵Ŀǰδ֮ѩԴʽ֮ڣǰδ
ʵһЩѩ𲢲ֻ֪鼱֮䣬һʱӿǵʩչѡ
ǰڷһ֮£ֻѩὣϲǺһһһӭһ顣
ԭǼνġհϬצϵѡްϬ֮ƤƣԼϸܵһϸϸ˿ԭǰٵˣټע䣬Ϊ޼᲻ݡѩʩչڡɣǰƣֻԷһ֮£۶ϡ
ʱԷڶν֮£ʵָ䴦ؿס˶Է֮Ȼ䣬ޱϡ
˵ڷ֮£ѩڽܱˣȴƫƫһбһһһͣȻǶߵķһ㣬Ʈ⡣
ƺһ˫üէȻһٿֱ𣬼ʸƵѩǰһ̽һһ˹ѩĳ
ۡһѩϡһһץʩչڷʩչԭӦһʧƫƫһٳ⡣
ȴֻ֮µĹѩƵһ㻬һצʵԷ
ֻһȴûǰһǰ磬´һģȴ˿תشת
ѩȻԼѴĦһЩãò죬ߣһʮ㣬棬ƫ棬»ǰǱ
ֻǿڷУȴޱȵ𾪡
ףֱŹѩ𣬱ƽһʲôǡšǴѧģ
ѩһӼת֮󣬺òվˣһʱ̴棬ֻΪӹ˶ԷУȴû뵽ܹ֮ӹУȫԽУ֪ôһʣȻɵסˣһʱ֪ô
һЦܹӿ⡮׹צˣлʲô˵
ѩôһ˵ﲻΪ֮ƣԼĥţ֪
һβԷشֻΪԷ䣬ɴԹԸߣΪѺе֣벻ԷһСȻһӹԼľʵУ˵ʵǴ֮£ʱҪѩһ
ܺãԼԹ顣
˵֮䣬ֻ΢΢һá˿ˡһĹǽݳ壬ȻӣһǴ׳ࡣ
ҹѵÿɫΣصҲɫһתͻȻļ磬ܣϷɳʯһɳɳ졣
ѩ֪ŭ֮£ǰʩչѩɽġ޵лԪ֮ֻһʩչѩ뱣ȫƽˡ
һȻĴ򣬷ӺȻǰƶһЩƮƮģ㲻մء
Сӣɣ
һ˵ţֻаϬƤ׵֡
ֵǣֻֿȻǴ׳ָ࣬ɸֲ档
һȻע
ŷƳֻ֣Ϸɳʯۿž֮ơ
ͿһŮӵĽҪ
ųƮ磬һӰεǰƫУڷѩ֮䡣
һ֮£òʱ̻أӲԵ˻
ȻˣǷߵŮڽŵһ֮󣬾Ÿϥ
ǸʲôŭɫصΪ飿
˼Ҿɡ
˵ߵʹͷ븸۾ӴΪ׼ҾϽ˵һȻƴ飬ȴûаյǷľԼˣһŭֻ·ǵȲ˹ѩԼҲꡣ
û׼³ҲҶ࿴һۡ
֮󣬲ƺˣǱߴһЦǴ΢΢һ̾Ϣ
Ÿ͵͵̧ͷȻ׵̬ѴͣǳִӣѾָԭһɱУȥ
ɣ˵仰ҲŮһۣһ˹ѩǰһ˫ϸ۾ʱת˼ת
ȻǰŮ飬³򣬵ҪԼŮˣǷֵã
ʢŭȥ齥ƽͣǲͬ
΢΢һЦתյһаǰ
ѩΣһڳҲǣҲǣէ龰ֻΪյȳ֣һŲǰ
ǰ㡪
ô㻹Ҫ£
ѩȻ̾һһڳڣ۰Ͱ͵ؿǰ飬ˡ˲ԸѳǰƸȫ
ߡЦŵ˼ףֻҪǰ˸Ը֣ǣ
ѩǴ⡣
һŲܹѩˣٿף˵˵
Ŀֱѩ𣺡ɣҲֻҪӦҷѩɽסϼ£˸ҲԷǻȥЩӣҲҪˣΣ
ѩ벻дһ˵һʱĴŵҴӦֻǡ
üͷһ壬ô㲻Ը⣿ĿһɨյȰ˵ôǰ˸Ƿˡ
ѩȻֻҪǰŹһаͬƽ뿪֮һУԸǰⷢ䣬ڡ
һЦܺã仰ˡ
ڣȻԾͬһֳͷϿӹȴڴʱʩչҽѨַٹ֮ЩʱѨ֮ˣȴһһԭ˿
ǱѨãʱȻ⿪һƣؾ㶼ϣһƬ
ǵʱȻѨ֪ڣ˫һԴڶڡ
ǧղٹϢ̰ݵѩǰһʱꡣ䲻֪ѩǺҲѩԮԼⷬ¡飬ȴм㣬һ֮󣬸ѩ
ѩ޽رԼ֮£ģ뿪ѩȴֻס

ջֻʲôҪô
ѩ˷Ůһۣл˵ȴ˼ɡ
ʡãҵȻ׿ڴӦǣҲ鷳㻹ʲôĵģ
ѩô˵֪飬Ҳʹǣ漴յѱҾȳΣĿǰձĸУһ꣬ȥ˴Ѱˡ
ǧ֮£ΪϲԭΪҲͬԼĸһɥʱ֪֮䣬ȾϲֻУǰѹѩķΣ
ȻԳؼյȰ˵ñȫˡ
ѩҲȻ޷ڣֻͬŮءָѩɽȻĴ治⣬ּΣֻǡΪޣΪ⡱Ҳ޻˵
õϣһݵĹ½ɽõСˡ
㷢ɢڼֱݣźɫĺ࣬âЬࡣ
δ䷢Ҳδ˵ԸװϺȻȴҲûа취
úСҲֻ˹֮ã̸ޡΰݣѹˡ
һĨбŷõţӰһң顰ͣơ֣νͣȥơȥס˼ˡ
ССã޵㳾һ߸ߵĺľ񡢹ţ˱޳
ν뱦ɽմʥݣȻɽãգСѳһȾˮоģ֮峺ˡ
ȻֻǾǲģϺиһģνƪĳӷֻǡһ;
Ϻ˵úãΩԡļԡһţ㹻ˣɡ
רθ鲡һҩڷǰĹ⣬ΪӣѡĴӷν𾡣´ˡ
ǵģڲ͸ķ֮ǰδȥ֮ʣǳ˼δһиһеҵδ֮ǰֻ⡰֮һ;
СֻʱϢڱĺû磬˯ñǻ٣ŷƣר𡣿ȷʲôˣȻʵأôĿգôĶ࣬ƫƫһҲˡΪˣԼԼ֪ٴᡭ
Ĺˣյտε˽ȥӦʱ䡣
СǹڷǰζĤݣһްӷ𡱣վӡ
һоηʱر𳤣ΪҪ죬羹Էʳ˴κģ˿Ϊֹڷǰĸʱʱһվֻͷۻ˫ϥһһȥ
֮󣬴ϸƳɵӣǸССķӣ齵ˡ
İ裬ҲյĻֻһһ齣һŷһӣ˶ѡ
һ߸ףװɽȪԸɽѩ庮ǣ΢΢һĸо̲ԣһϴҲǱζԡ
С׼ҵ·һԵضˣһڽҲ಼ѹ˱֮£νسɷ𡱣˿ǲǷŵһڱˡ
ǰ죬ȥԼϺУ˭֪컹ûмţԭϺ붨ȥˣܵŵתԽӵظо࣬֮⣬£Ϻ˵Ωһļô룬ΪֹСǻᡣ
ˮϴ˸ŷ˫ȣڴֻǷ
ֻС񡢰׺ףž˴ǰɽմһʺ磬ɫѤˡ
üĺУǰŶ³գָָЦţǵӹòįԵ֡
СվţУҲô˿ɻԼҵӣȥʦģҲȤ
ԴǶ֪ˣֻǲ죬ûסŮˣҲûйҵסãƽ˸׼ҹһס¾Ͳˣܲ˵ǰδϡ֮¡
ﾡܲɣȴҲϷɴģ˭ҿأ˵λһסûгţ˸λСɳ֮⣬ֱûб˼®ɽ档
ĵûΪκβҲͺα⣿
տ֮ǰԼĪаʱңƺɮΩһɡʱ䣬Ϊ֮󲻾ãȥһϢˡ
ԣʱɮرо죬̸һЩճ飬龭䣬Цֻ֣ʧ֮ģҲȥ
СһǰŵһƬ̣˶µһٲˮĽڡǵɫʺĳˡ
һĺָʺ˵ɫŮţ꣬أ
һͷԵĺУֱü۵صʲôɫŮţŮŮ
Ц˵ɵɵŮ㶼֪㶼֪Щʲô
⡭ͷԵĺګګʦ֣͸Ұɡ˭ŮŮʲôһº촽ϴһЩګګص
˵Ůǲǣ
ɵСӣǻ˵𡪡
СгüĿ㣬͸Ż飬ǣͷԵĽĩһС
һһֻȡˣȴȺǰ˵Ǿͽֽ꣬Ҫһ꣬ԣֻܳƵǸСɳ֣۵䶼ֲϣֻǲٳһЩ
̸棬ǹ˼
ǳ³Ц
ʵϣȷʵҲöࡣ
ǡ̫̫ϼѡһŮ˭
ʲô
ʲôҡСԴ˵ȳǰܼϡǽϵ껭ɣ
껭ЦˣǵȻ
ˣ껭ϵŮ˵ţ
ǵȻֻǡŮô
ɫȻ汿͸ˣʲôɹ϶ʲôɹЩƯŮˣͳͳŮ˵˵ж
ҿһۣѹɤӣ˵˭Ҫһۣҹ׼˯ž
ʵ˯šΪʲô
ΪΪΪͷҲôţǡôʦôһˡ
òᣬһ˵һ氦̾жţٵζ
㲻Ҫʦ֣˼Ҳ֪
֪ѵҲ֪
ǵȻ֪
˵˵ʲôʲôǳ󣿡
ǡһǺĴګګص϶˽ǳ󡭡Ҳԣ
Сӻû׻ٺͿѼֲˡ
ҡͷֲ֪쵰ͷ
ǵҡãǽ쵽Ϊ̸ֹˣ̸ȥ
ǸҧгݵؿҪһڰȥ
ʲôΪҵĺʦ֡ҲŰĻ˵ʲôҪ
ˣˣû
˼һкö໰ڶû˵أ㲻ҪǾˡ
գһ˫۾µµֱתţǾ˵ɣ˵Ҫﻵˡ
ǆ˼ҲҪ˵
㵹˵ѽ
ǡǡһķĴһӱˡ
ʲôô˵ѽף
ʦ֣ѽګګص˵ˣɱˣҪȻҿֻһ
ѽ⡭ʲôѽ
ûСҲʲô˵¡ŮˡŮˡ¡
Ů˵£
СЦֻ۳죺˵Ҹø⡣
Сеˣ˸Ĵ󡭡֪İɣ
ȣСӡŴۣʦܼһƣ۹⣬һ֣ô
˵ʲôɲϹ˵һº촽ԳԵأ
졭ʱҼˡ
һθǽˣô˵òˣǲǣ
ǡǻ˵ҲŮʲôӵģҿǸŮҲ·Ů
ôôС㵹˵˵ô
ҡҿ˵ϣ
ƨѽ㵹˵ѽǡ
˵Ͼˡ
й⻰Ҳֻܸ˵ҪǸĴʦ֪ߣǸȥͷɡ
ȡѽҿɲҡҿɲҡ
ˣһֱˣŪҲǣֺֺЦ˰ɵСӸס
ء˵˵ɣСиѡ̺λÿҵ죬ʲô컯ѽ
ɲǡҸ˵˺üأһβϡ
һβ
ѽС˵룬ҪˣܵҸ˴ɣֻӶ̣Ҵ˵ҡ˭ѽ
Сӣ˵㱿ֱˡôġ
С˵强ȻܾŵһûУǰϷɽҲͻȻٽлˡ
ʶػͷһƣɲˣһ֮£ʱסˡ
ɵҲعͷʱҲסˡ
ôĹжȥˣ⵹ûʲô˳Ծģ˾ŵǣ֪ʲôʱǸéͤﾹȻһˡǸղ̸Ǹҹ
˫Ҳܽ˶һԴ𣬵ΪֻС̫ɣڽڹϡ
Сɮй飬Բдģˡ
ҵġ졭ӷ𡭡ֱǴ⡭ΰɣ
㡭տڣ
һͦǣ˵仰Ҳ֪Դˣø첲ײһ¡
ߡ߲ߡߡ
ǽߣǶƫƫ벻ͤλƯ
λСʦһ𣿡
͸ֱ࣬ݺȡ
˵ͤλĴڻ֪
һ仰Сжʱվס˽Ų
⡭ø첲ײһ£ֱһ첼һ
ڸ˵˵ءʦ֣
ʦҲȥ𿴸ղ˵ͷͷǵµͷȴҲһֲס
ŮǸ˵𣿡
ﻺͤ˳һֱ˸ǰվס
ȻǸλСʦ˵ûбѽ
һһɲǣԼ֮⣬Ҳûˡ
Щвϰ븾ŮӴ򽻵ԭȺģէȻСǵĳ֣ԶܿһԣСʦ̸ֵֻ죬ûڿˣرȴһ
Сǹһ棬󷽣ȴ֪ѪյСܡ
ǡûбˡһڿˮګګ˵ŮŮʩʲô顭ô
ŵǡŮʩ¡𣿡
ǵһۡ
Ϊ˵˻æס죬ͷ
СǼ״ʵ̲ס΢΢һЦһЦСпɶֱۣһĸֱ˷硣
ġСЦݵ֪Ϻסĵطܴȥô
ͷǡáס֪
ײһ£ӻͣǿض˼
ŮʩҪǵķʦô˼ɲ֪ûأ
֪СǵֻҹȥƣҪˣҾ˵仰ҪǻûѣԼٻɺã
˻ͷáá
ǵһۣ䣬ΪĹأҪɣɲ£ȵҪʦ˲ܾȻѾӦˣԼҲͲٸĿڣ˵ԷǷɴȻԨԴҲ͸ŵһͷ
ϷסһͷϡŮʩҪȥô
鷳ˡ
Свشһ˺Ժһ¶ţֹ˸˳Ϻƽմ
һСɳŷǰ㶣ӭ
Сеԭʦ֪ϷɴûУλŮ
ʩҪ˼أ
еִѶСʩһɸղѾˣֻǵɽȥˣ˵ǹˣԸȽȥ˼ȥȥͻ
СǵͷԭСеͷƫˣûλСʦʲô
⡭˫ֺʮصҽǡ
ҽ
Сʣˣ
ꡣͰ͵صҡꡣָһ¸ϷŻǸС⣬ꡣ
˫ֺʮǷӣһӷŮʩҪô
Сҡҡͷֵص˭˵Ҫߣ
һ˺һӷ𡪡Сɮʦ˵˵Ůʩֻסϼ죬ûߵġ
ôСǡߡһ㲻˵ȴţϺлǲдӷ⣬ֲһֱҲһߺߣֻסߣƫƫͲ⡭ҲӾˣҹȻдӷ⣬ˣţҾ⡣
ʱﴫưŵʱ䵽ˡ
ǡС˫˫ʮǣСǵл߽ƺе
ɽڵÿ죬ֳ˳ĺɫСȼһյ֬ɵƣϣСǲŷϳһ޷д֣ī¸ɣǳԳϺеֱʡ
Сеͷţϲѽʦдˣȴ֪дЩʲô
С߹ͽϸĶ֮£䲻ףȴоϷɲеĸɮƪԡգһļҷ硣
дǡ
coc1ϳ¶÷ѩ½⴦һЦȿţȻ
ϻ򣬵˭ɻȴʱ·ɽĺĿͷɺȥ
coc2
Сһֻм䣬ƣʯ֮һѵֱʣ޹ֺұ㲴һ׮ˡ
СзֻСۣһգţ·ǲᣬ۰Ͱ͵С⡣
Сҡҡͷ΢ƺյصңҲȫѽĪϷأʲôһѾ˵ӡǵֵùϲأ
ϸϸֿһ顣
Ϻ֣дɷ裬˰͡
һֻضǡʱͶ룬˳֮ʣУ漴Ϊȼ졣
СǺһæָȣȳմ֬ȼɽ̿
С˫ֺʮӷ𣡡
Сһʱֻܿս˵ĶʬԾӿһᣬֱȻʱӨ飬䣬Ϻ͵ֽ֮ϡ
ô
̧ӣһ۾ֻԼǱúǴޡ
СȻֱ۵áˣ
ֿˣ
˵仰ͰͷתһߣȥȴΪССһֻɶĿ̣ɴ˶νġȱ
ѽűƿཱུУ϶һ˽
ԭһʦָأԷˡ
һ˵漴һز͸ڼϣʮˡ
СǿСʦ㲻ô
˵Сɮùˡɣ
˵ʮָ˳
Сǵеˡ
ķһرֻǿȥȴر㡪һѿײˣһɽعһ׷ֱð
СǱ㲻ȫͽ̧꣬˳Ե˸ɾΪϲؿһۣԭСǲɽ죬أĲ跹ˣմѣôô˻ȥСпʹϧֻŮӼʳСȴû뵽Ȼθڴ󿪣뷹˳ԵʣǸˣ»ϲϲԱûУҪҪ
Сǲ˼صˣѾŵûˡ
˵ű΢΢һЦͷȥȥӴԷ˫۾һҳôֲ࣬˼ġ
СЦס˧ܹĹӡ˵䣬һñ£һöԣȴԵô١вأ
С΢΢һЦû˵ʲô
СаȥһԳ̺Сǹⲻȥֹι
ɱҿɲǳɽĿˣһһֱסȥأ
һ˲ãһĺ̬⡭
Сһ̾ȻѾˣͷɡס»رҵ˾ˡ
Ӧһǡ²裬Ҫ˫ֺʮʮָͷ˰죬ˣźʮһݣǳȥ
С̲סۡһЦֱסɲסţΪʲôЩСɳָɵɵģֱǲ¹
תһ룬ʱ׹˵ЩСк̬䣬˵һʧ֮ģһƬʵͺñһδĥԼϷ𷨵㻯֮ձؽŹ˲ò࣬ˮܶȴǲС
һСǶʱʱǵЦ֮ģޱϡ
͸һƵĲζȴŵľǵʱֵˡ
Сվڷ˼ƫƫϺд˿δתأԵЩȲָĵߵš
ҹһҿϾ۾Ҳؿ˾֡
ԣհѣȵ֪һʼɲ֪סģԾ壬룬벻棬תᣬ淢ԣӦֱĳšʮͬһʣֱġ
ӣרΪ˵ģ㲻ٿȥ
⣬֪꣬⣬⣬ߣΪ⣿
ǣ𡣡
ԣ⣬⣬Թʣߣ⣬Ȼҽգ⣬ʵǷǶࡣ
ԣճิǡ
⼸ξĶСǵԺܴ֧ãϸϸ˼һʱţţֻҲˣ˭֪ѧ龹˲ӷһĴԿյˣҲô׵İ
ʵֻ
ֲϺһֱϸ˵ҲҪͷ⡰ǧ˿ȷ޲м̵ľҲǿôǺأ
ѽ
棬ֽǩдšϾ
ʵⲿ䣬ڷвǱΪǷһϷԵĽṹȴϽⲿ˳ԻƵŮʱһеĿǧΪޣͷˡ˲ĴѧɣǱǡа˵Ҳа˵ааҲشĹˡ
ʵ۹ӡȵķ𾭣мǳڿأϷӵġֺγǳ֮ڵеı޾䡶ӡһ飬غʱļ崴ƺ̫Զˡ
Сǿ˿棬˾ַĥǰǼ֡
ԭѩָߣãȻΪеԸ˼
Ӹе뵽ˡʵ塱ֻءҵǧ⿪һᣬɾԽԽͿˣڿȻһ֮̾󣬺顣
̫Сˣ̫ǳˣܾ͸£ЩǳԵźá
һ֮˱վһԡ
ϺвǱѧ֮ˣıھ嫣ţ䶰ȴȫǷҾ飬Ҳڡ֮
׳ڸ֮ңңȴ飬źÿ˼ѧ峵ֱر塣
һֳչһס
coc1˼
ڴϣ
ǲcoc2
һü⣬ǶƢθĶ
coc1˫
֮
žģ
Ӵ֮
֮
ҡ
ӽ
˼
˼coc2
ѽ˵۶ͷȥˣǡžģӴ֮
ǡӽ˼˼Ǵ̵ʹ
תٿģ
coc1Ȯͣ
ɩ֪֮
g
ɪɪ쬣
֪֮coc2
һ׺񸾵裬˼ʱ棬ʵϾǲɷ֣ԵȮ֮͡ʱɩ֪֮ǵÿɣgһ˵ˡģһҪȥιأ
ȾŴһ̵СǣˣΪ֮һ֮ͬᡣ
ѩˡôͼ˼Ǩأ
ֻ鲻һרľӣ˭֪㡭
ת룬ԼʵѩҲûм棬Ϭάֲ˼ĬֻǴӱϿδڱˡ
۾ϻ뿪һ˼ǵļ£㹹Ļ棬еɵıǹѩˡ
Ǻá״ˣֿһ򣬼̶ҹ᾵ķǣȥԼ̰ʵ֤Լˡ
Ͻ𼦵ĳ֣֤˹ѩǣ顢塢ʡа¡ǡ
ΪЩӮСǵһŷġ
ֱûȥΪǿŵĸδֵ̫˽ˡ
ѵﲻһԶô
˱¶ôͬңò൱жȹһԣ벻ˡ
ĿҼˣҺеǧһһȥ˫ͫ˼ЩʱȻóˡ
˼һ⡭
ѩܸڼܻḺˣԶҲ˱˴ʱ͸Է˫ɵ۾ġ⡰ֿìܣʵΪǡ΢ܣҲֻеԼˡ
С̫͸ԷĿݹġĬ롰ֿϡΪУĳġȻΣȴû뵽;֮ɱһﵨΪòߡ
뵽ȼһǻһ͡ʵȴҲһҲֻԹԼ򸴺ԣ
ţֻ٣ֱ֪ǲźãվҲǣҲǣ飬ȴƾ߷·һ˵Ӱӡ
תɵһ
鲻֪ʲôʱ򣬳ϺоȻѾˣǰ̬ȻѾվ˰ˡ
ʦ˺ܾˣ
ţһˣӷ𣡡
˵źǰ˼ǷʲСŵһȡ֣һ΢Ц￴дĿɺã
Сǹֲþصֻ㷭ѡ
Ⱦĳңһ𣬶˿̵Ա֤зġ
ϺпȻ漴һϵ
ӷ𣬹жˣ
ˡ
ϰįɳ
ҾúܺáС漴ȥҽ㣬ҪʦʲôʱΪʽֽ䣬˵
Ǻǡƺ΢Цһ㻹ûŪûо߱ҵʸǰǲΪ˵ġ
Сüôо߱ҵѵ
ģ
ȻȻϺҡͷҿ֮ҪȳңֻһʱǳԱģ˵㲻ҹͬˡ
СǶüһʤա
ﻰδڣȴϺЦôأһˣ漴ײ
ϺǸ΢Ц΢Ц˵֮⣺ͣ㻹ҪӲôһҵˣšŹŭ
룬ǲϸġ
һ̾СǼǰصʦҪǿѾ˵£ǲݸĵģ㻹Һá
˵Ҫţ
ǡСǵԸһﲻһͲܰġʦͳȫҰɣ
ƺګګһţһ˫ӣ΢΢£ߣһʱǿ͸ģһϵģʵ˵ѵãʵһ𣬲һҪɽ󣬲ɲֻҪģʱεأɷ𡣡
Сʵڻβ͸ʦ˵һô
ƺгţͷʵܼ򵥣ʵѻдľĽһ֪⣬ΪΣ
СǵΪǵԢ̫ˡ
ˡϺеҵ嫣󺣣ܲҪһɣΪġʹҴ˿ǿ㣬ΪȣʽţĹҵҲֻ̾ѡ
СһʱɫҰףʧصô˵ұԵˡ
ִˡϺ˵뿴ܿܿʮ쳾ǳիŮиֲʶ֮ˣֻǡ𡯶ѡֻҪרһ³ϣһֱȥ֤áԣ֮Ҳڴˡ
ƺ΢΢һٷ𡱣ּ˵ΪʲôҪĵˡ֪һҲǹ
Сǿһֻۣ𡪡ްӷ𣿡
ˣеøɱġ˵룬ֻǿšΨֻһһһƬʤһеķ룬ʱһƬ磬壬ֱ㲻ڣһʮʱʱʱ̻̿˷š
⡭ô
ǲ̫סϺ˵ֻ֮Ժ㣬Ӿˣһ԰쵽ģͺϰʱһġ
СǵͷصǿɾǷνġ
ᣡϺнĻǰ㾳أ֤ᣬҲǿ˷ŵһ硣ֻ֮Ժ㣬ңֺη
ߣСص֪ʦǲңҪҳҾˡ
˵ľɥίվȥ
Ϻһţӷ𡪡
⡰һʹվסعϺһ˫رĹǹ⡣
һзˣۺʱεأҲԶΪŭ䲻ɡϺ仰Ҳ
һܾίĺӣ˵˵ڻعݵϺǰ
ʦʹȱȱҰɡһʱ
ƺᷢһ̾Ϣ
ննġ֤㷲ҵأľ뿪˿оշڴ˳£ʱס˵ɣ
˵˵ţϺгüƵգˡ 







 

  
ʮһ¡ġѾһ 

ҹѩأ
ѩ´ֻñ쬣˯ǰǹشҹ˷磬ѩ⧽ȷ۶﷢šϳ£ȥ˴ֻƬԿսָѩɽ湻䣬ʱ˿̣ˮɱ湻ܵġ
һյƣŷֵյĲãһֻ͸ɵĺݣģоһȼ𣬹͸ʣɫӨʺһɫ˵롣
ǵóһҹӱյ˵ǹĶͣҪãԭ߳Լ˼о˶ʶⷬ⣬ľͷ˶ҲӦܡ
ѩŵʱ·𿴼˷Ц̣˵˼ɣԼ˵ָһ߷ã⣬ڲ֮С
ȻѩȴԼһϹӡһӶԸԼǸӡ
һŶ֪ɱǣȲϹֲ
ˣԻΧһУܲдҲԿ
ָѩɽǵˡ
ʹΪȵǣڴ˱ۣ֮дȣ񹤣˴һΡǬǳԷ˼룿ֻ˵ΰ˼Σ˵ĳƱѸһˡ
Ǵ˵еĹ㺮ҹι𻯵ɣ˫˫¶ˡ㺮ǡ㺮Ϊ󸡱һƬ磬Ǽ಻˶
ѩһ̤룬㱻̨Էһˮ򣬼÷ٴֱɾ֪δӡ
ԭΪͬϸŮɽδؾɱ֮ϾͬʡɷǧһŵȻӦǵɽҲ޷ڣȴû뵽Ȼᱻ磬ͬĽԷǸӱ֮⣬˸Ůһδ֡ģֱŪԷ«ʲôҩ
ѩĴ㣬ϣǳϡǶ˵ĺúϾֲ֣ϰҲңڡ㲻ٴһ÷ом֮⣬ֱɮⷬ򶨹ǳ֮ס
ľʹలҹѩˣλأתҲͲ˯ˡ
ڰÿһصעڽʱп
׵ڼҴɣʱѶһ˥ͬŴ˽صرѾԼϡʱۣҴҼȥ길ʱ龰գΩԸȴδչ˻֣̿
±ѩÿһصעʱֲ˶ٺ׳־ҹαؿ轣һذɣ
漼ʮӷɽУʵԿأÿһ˼ӵظо䲻ͬס
ѩȡеǾףùۿһأ̽ԺС
ѩδֹֻͣҡǧٸ仩죬Щϵѩǣ׷׹ҶǷһн֯ڴѩɽ֮ơ
龰ʹѩɽÿδסӷɡʱ龰ҹʮơ
ҹչһɣʩչû磬ӭŷҶѩֻһǧǧãҶնѩ
ӭ漲һֻѩӥƣǣѩĽУʩչʮʽһ족ֻӥƣǡʱ
һӭѩֱȡӥףһʧ
ƫƫֻѩӥɵýӭ˽ƣٿһӲ׸ȴѲ֮ΣžУһֻҳбն
׹صӥط˲ѣѩƬƬѪա
ѩԾŴһƫʧһ̾ϢŽв֮ͬһεؼʶˡ
ʮϤǴ֡
ѩΪԷȴƹӰһǰ
խ䣬˵ˬ䣬ٹǰſǴ˼ͣ˷
ѩ׵ãůᣬԼõõë⣬ѩͬɫĪֺһֱ
΢΢һ֮£ѩ˳
סӷɡ˶֮䣬ƽǲʾ˵ģοԷǸ̳ѩ޻֣̿ʵǿ֪
Կһֱ࣬Է֪ϰϣǱɵÿȫƫƫ;ӶԷԾ˵˴˵ķᾣΪʧ֮硣
ǰˡ
ţһҡ΢΢һЦ⿴⡮ʮӷɡ˵ַǵһΰͣ㸸׷չʾ˽ʱұ͹֮
ѩƷֵÿ̸׷ʱЩȻĳЩΪ֪أֻǶԷȻ˵ԼҲͲ׷ʣʹΪԷ֮£ʵĺá
ô˵Ҫǰָһˡ
ô˵ּ̽Ƿ֪һ˽Էڴһž֪Ϥ٣
΢΢һЦ㷽һСһ졯˵ȷ൱ƣĪǲΪֻѩӥ̫Դɣ
ѩһŶԭǰʹ
ͷЦ䲻ܾ֪Ҵһ֮أȷҲ¹һЩ򣬷һڿնӥףһֻ֣ܽӥֱΪˡӥᣬֻܳƵѾʵǿѡ˵൱ˡ
ѩ֮£ɲסԾġ
֪˵ո״ڴһʱ۵·
ֻһžΪ֪ȴ֪龹ǴоٲȻǸ֣ĺܡ
еô
ֳһ˿ص΢Ц˵֪ʽ仰δЩʣ˵κһɵʽʹΪصзֻҪΪһĿ㽫Ŀ̼䣬Ҳǣô˵ʵڲ֡ӷɡ׽Ҽġ
ʵǰݹѩš
Ľһá漴ѩ֡
ѩ΢һɣ漴ѳϡ
ӹϸϸڽϿһ飬ָսָֻá崮죬ҡһ⡣
̾һһںıѩҿʩչһзƷ񣿡
ڣ漴ӳҶֻһٲһ䣬漴ס˽ơ
һ漴ѩʵΣ
ѩһ㵣к壬ԭԷʩչһֽŵϵַ׶ãţȻһ֣֮һ
ѩеǣһֵմַտױȣҶֹǧȻȴֻһƬҶһΪһǹؼ֮ˡ
֮һֽжۣǼҸĪڴˡ
ߡһ㸸ôûٽȥ
漴нݻ˶ԷѩӹСȴֻһ˫ֱֱлҪ˵ȴ̲
ǽȥ˵
漴Ծ롣
ѩˡȴλϣֻһ˫ֱӹ
ѩолҪ˵ֻǶԷȲ˵ԼҲͲضʡ
㻹סùô
벻ôһл
ܺãֻǳ¶
΢΢һЦϲʧࡣ
м£Ҳ֪Ůɽȥˡ
ֲһûпӰֻǶԴȴҲʾʲôһͷѡ
֪ȥˣ
ѩֻ΢ЦѣЦ㲻˵ô֪ȻԷԼӲɽĴʩȻͻ
Ҫٻʯͷȥˡ

⵹ʹùѩ𲻽һ
ʯͷֻг£ĳƺԼȥʯͷǸʲôĪѰеĻȥˣת룬ƺйǻ۾һ㿰Է磬Ƿǰȥλͬֻ»Ǻж֡
ôһ룬ҲͲٶ롣
ȻһЦĪص̸
֪һѩֻµòáȴԭˡ
Ǻüˣ
վߣû£Ҳá
ѩղǲƺпǵϸӣʱһɱƽ֡Ҫλָߵ
߹ƺǿ֣֪һѧѾǹ¸ߡڵĳһ֮Ҫҵһʵѣǲף㣬ܼؽơսƽһ̸򡣹Ȼ˫ȣּʤ伫ֻǾСˣ̱ԵһݼͬʤȣԵɱʹ֪Ѷˣжգ޲ɱƬײеķҰбɾʹˡԱѧƽ֮ˣÿ֮䣬ȷǣԱԲˬҲأ
˴˷ѩ֮µһȣɫְһƬ磬ѩڷţХζȥ龰ĿãȻ仯˹˵ĴС
һ飬ڷﶣ죬ѩ֮£˵ĺƸѣ򣬶Ǻ
һ̤˹εʯţζذοֱϷĳѩȻžͣѩֹж졣
ȻѷʱģȻɶ칤ͱ֮俪һƬ磬񣬷ܻøÿһ޲Ȼ߽ģէ֮£ñȽĻþ纣ƻֺе诹һʮյϱӳ֮£ֻһƬͷףĿޡ
ʱѸ߾ۣ߲죬һͤĨԱ̣壬ȫ汴гɣƣֲŶķػ֮£ֻǺгײһƬף룬ֻöѡ
ͤӾ棬˵ҲжʮɣʹṦٺãҲһԾʯھɾ߽ĵؽεεңΩһͱȻֱ𣬲Ҫ˵ֱԽץʲҲûһ㣬Ҫϵͤӣ治һ׵¡
Ȼ֮䣬ϣṦ裬ʹδС磬ȴԶˡ
ѩһδЩţΣȷʵҶǷԺѵشڶ壿һϵȥֻȴԸڷǰֳ̬
ϵķһɫϮ裬¿Źѩʾ΢΢ЦҪԷС
ѩѾע⵽ˣͱڷǵƽ絶ʯʣʯӢһ࣬ǳ÷绯£⻬羵
֮£ʩչڻǽһṦҲѡ
ǰһ̲԰Ȫγɵ˹ֲŶ䷭ѩ
ѩʧȥ˹滨ȤȴͻΪɣرߣһֻ⣬մЩˮʪ⣬ӡ
Ÿ߸ϵķһȭһ׳󣡡
Ȼ䣬šԾһɳ죬ԼңӺһһֻٿűһһ㣬ӱڶ
һֽʹľڽżմЩˮΪԺ󣬱㡣
һΣ˫һ֣Ʈڷǰվ
һЦͷáתͤڲ롣
Ȼ˵ѩڽżմЩˮʹýżʯڽӴ֮ʱһ㸽ֻ֮൱ƴʮֱڣҲ򲻸ʶʩչɴҲɼѩ֮ʵˡ
ѩ֮ͤ󣬲ŷѩ˿ҲδǰСͤԭƾߣһţֱ죬һѩ¶ʹ׵罻ӣҲ֮£Īֺдһ컷⣬ѵƽ
ͤʯ֮ϣڰ׶ɫӾѱ룬ʱɫѽ⣬һɭɭϼ⣬ɶ𣬽ɫӳ÷ˣɫʷȴīˮȴһĨ죬ɫƣһʻʣҲǰ
ʱһ˫ϸ΢΢򶫷֮
һע书ˣÿճϰֱ֮ǲԵı֮£ԣѩ𲻴Ҳ̸ϰ
ɵϰǲһ£ϰϵԡϡü֮䣩
Ϊ֮ڣеԡͥ¸ϣΪµԡ¡߷ִ
ѩ֮һţµΪϰ֮ʼȻѭ򽥽еϵ߶ѭ֮󣬴֮󣬱ֹסʱѾԪӡ
֮Уɷ࣬һԣϰһ£ȴ;ͬ飬Ч˵ȴһµģ˵ˣнܳȴÿ֮У˼ϴġ֮һãǿɹ
ѩ֮糤ˮϰ֮ʱһǳɣһ࣬˿һһʱ䡣
ɷϣע⵽Էϰһǰδ⹦
ֻ˫΢΢ֿӻ¶ţһ˫ϸ۾һ֮䣬ڱ֮䣬ȴںسϢѡ
ÿһε֮ʱӾͻ鲻ԽһӾҵĲһ䣬ȥȻִࡣ
ʱ˿̣ʹͷΪ֮һԭȵһȻֺǣֱһӡǵΪ֮֮һе漴ָŻظԭ״ֻôظš
ѩ΢΢һע⵽˶Էһ˫ָʮָжһһһһſſָйע֮ʱһǴúͨͨأʮ͸ĺˮһһ֮䣬ܲΪ֮㵣
ѩͬʱҲע⵽Է˫۾ĳ֮ʱʱſֺ𣬿֮䣬䷢̵νĿˡ
ʱѩϤ֪׷Ǿ㹦ν񡱣Ҳֻ֮ﵽһ羪֮ڽε֮ΪΣ裬ʮܿɹˡ
̼ǵ׷ƵʮԺΪ˫ԴӴﵽһ֮󣬱ԽӵӼٹֽ£׷ǸΪԵ˺һ磬벻ڴ˱߼ѩɽȻҲ˴ﵽ˴һ澳磬֮δþ׷רǰ֮δ֪
ôţǰԵ֮⣬һͷȻĵ԰ԼѺѩɽĿľΪʲô
ֻΪ壿ʲôģ
ѵҪһЩʲôĹ򣿡
Լʧȥǧѷĺûˡ
ţһ˫۾Խע⵽˶Է˫ָһֵĶһע⣬ؼԷǴĸҲƲ״һֹԵĲܹ֣ѩǰδ϶ԼѧҲǿġ
ϸĵؼסԻ⣬Ѿͣס˶
ͽɣ
漴ӣһӣѩźӸ̸
һ֮˵Ͻνڸռǡ֮ҲȴҲνӣʧһȡȶߣкߣңհǰϣ˵˵ѧʿҲ̫ˡ
ԭһѩ׳Լѧִ˲ƣʹһۣ述Ϊ׷Ҳڲ֮䣬ƺҲ£ֻһεسԹ̡
ǰλȻǵϵĸ֣ѩ𲻵òʮֵϸúýһ
ҲǷСУ˫꣬ط̵˶ԷʵӶÿɾûôˡ
նڰȾһɫĺ죬Ůϵ֬
˶ʱ
ŶŵӶ֮ȡơ漴һӣƵƵЦҡͷѩһ۵ΪΣ
ѩƱһǣһӣ¶ǿУ֮ԲǰΪΡ
ԷһҲӲǲϵ˼վ𣬵ͷսСµò
ѩǾ֣һ֮棬Լȡò֮أֵ˳ӣҪγʤ¸վ΢Цԡ
߹ƶŲͤӣѩ
Ȼع·ȫ·ߣǵĸ׵Դڣǣ
ѩһ⵹ġ
һۣѩ֮ĸȷʵҪ׷Ƹ߳һʱؼӽܼҽȷдһʱ׷˵Ŵΰڰ£Ը¸ߣ̣˼п˵ʤƫƫϿ˷ģΪάؼӲʤһҲ˿ģĽȻǸ߳˷һ
ѩػڸĸĵļз֮䣬棬ӱӪĽȻϣ븸ĸͥ񣬳˶֮ơһССأصһС£ԲΪϤ֪
ȻеļԳԾۣ˶ȷʵϸ֪ǴΪУȷǴǡ
£Ŀעԭǰء·ֲ߱ţµˡ
һ˫۾ӹȴ˸ӡ󣬴ɷ丸ҾĸıѩʣȴҪɹڴ⡣ 







 

  
ʮ¡·Сͤϡ 

漴뵽ŮĶ飬Ů֮ĿڶѰ˺һˣȴԴĴȷôţǰ˼
´ΪͽŮƥһڣպϱص˫˿ɼǺãȻһͷȴȴǰһͷྶͥ
׷ƾɺδôһ̫ˣԭָ̤ǣһʤҲùطǸ˼ʶһҵĸ񹦡ɾͻɸΪ񲯣ܿɾʹ򲻳ˡ
ʲôã
һˣһ񶷵Ľܵһ׷ƣ½ֵͩǺã
˳±ߣǰ˼һЦǲܵģ׷򲻻ҵĵ֣һҪܵķڷ޻˵㱼䣬ƺ׷ӹطĿҰ֮ʧ㵵ı飬ӶʹˣһĪĿС
Ͼⲻֻǲű߼ʵĻѣĿתעŵǰĹѩʱΪ֮һ
ֻΪ﷽ŹطĵˣºȻٽӴѩʱŷݾȻ˿ƣһǻʢŭʱΪ֮
Ͼط֮ˡ
Ǽɫһ£ʱҪǰʮꡭ
ӣ֪Īɽط𣿡
仰һǳԴȸڰӣ˿˵
ѩֱ崺磬ͷ֪ģʡ俵ɣ
Ȼ̾Ϣһصһĵطӡˣ
ѵ㻹Ӧ֪øһЩ
Ȼϸϵһ˫۾۵صĸ׼緢Դ֮ذ
ޣԭ
ڷ̸й£漰棬Ҳˡ
֪бأȻν֮ءһ¶ԼҲͲضʡ
⹫һŸ˳ָ١һ˲õ
ѩͷʾѾ֪ˣֻǴ˿̾ԷһᣬȻ뵽ָָѩɽ֮ɺϡ
֪Ϊνָ
Ϊֻ߸ָ
Ϊʲôֻ߸ָ
ǡѩ˶ԷһۣȥΪ˼游һŭ֮£ָΪ͡
ˡԭҲ֪ĸ׽ģǣ
ѩֵ˵ͷ⻹ʣ
΢΢Ц׽ʲôƵأĸʮɡ
ʮˣϰһƥ˶ڼ书˵Χ⣬ûһĶ֡
ۼĸ׵£ѩһʱΪ֮
ȷʵҲǸҪ˵ͬŮ֡渵˵ǳ֮ˣҲֻǣһ죬һ꣬ȴǲ䣬ĪɽߵؼǰһϻָҪһĹĸ״
ѩܸȤš
ĸһˣҰܵúܲҡ΢΢Цʮֵλ﷢ժǶ亣Ļʹĸ׵ʱ߼Ϊ֮
ϵ΢ЦΪ֮ʧֻһʱϲʵᱡ֮⣬뵽Ϊ˾ĸף򲻻ôġ
أ
ĸôһޣ֪鲻ʱҲɵסˡλع˴˶ԷкĻ˻ݺݵڶԷһơ
ѩһʱʧ̬Цһúáʵأ
תȥˡګګص˵µ˱ӦƽϢˣƫƫȻδ˵顭
ѩһü⣬ĸ׾ԣյƽͶׯȻ˵Ĳ죬£ȴǰҲû˵Щ档
΢΢һЦ¶׵һݣһ˵ݽ룬ֻʾĴǻۣȻãƺɼϣн񣻽áȻòйϵһʵûоԵĹϵֻǸһѡ
ѩӶҲע⵽ˣǸʮֿ
ȥһ֮һȴҵǰĸǸϣָҪȸ¡
ǰҲʾһԲϴ书ԭಮ٣ս˶ʱѷʤȴҪָ£һʱʩҴŽǰŵȥ
˵Ȼס˸УȴԵһ˿΢Ц
һ˾˳ޣĶʮ꣬ǻãʮ֮࣬ʱ׷ʤҷʱҷʤ׷ٺ٣ֵǣ˭Ҳ˭
Ȼͣסˣüëעһֱ˵˺飬Ͼˣòѹֲεļ飬ڵµ
꣬ŭꡣ
֪꣬˭
ѩᶯһöԷ˵˵Ҳ˵
΢΢һӵǰµǸңǸ㸸׷ơ
ѩ˵һ֮ʱѾ֪˭ˣֻдԷĿ϶ѡ
͹ֲҼһָˡѩôţԼ׵ԩҶ࿴һۡ
ﲻԽ뵽ᵽ븸׶ʮ໥Ŷָǰʮ꣬ԺĶʮȴȻʮǲѵ˵Ѿǰӣ
ʣȻ㣬ʡ
˵һ¾֮Ϊ죬ǹѩȴһʱԴˣ֪һ̬ԸԼ
Լǹ֮ӣƴ
Ȼ븸׵ǰӣôԼɾй޵Ķˡ
ͬԼһأ
ôһ룬׹ԷԼĸôĴ۸ӣʱʱȣȹϣֻԼҲԷ͸ɣ
ٶˣ˼䣬գѲҫֻۣȴƲ㣬׼ѩ
ǸȥԵ㶫ˣ㣬
˵ŷתһ߳ľʯ֮󣬹ѩȥȻֵʯػأûһݣֱͨ棬Ȥ
ʰ£ݽԼյĴȣͨ磬ͨѩǺ棬ʱ´Ȼǰеٶȼ죬㲻ע⵽һ˫Ų龹̤ŵһ·½ġṦ治ѩԵسԾ˴˵еһṦƲ
ƺֹֻÿ̤һӱᵯ漴ƮƮ׹Լ֮󣬲ٴմأҲֻǽż΢΢ѣ˫ѭ棬䣬ѽʮ¡
ѩ𰵰סصĽŲһ˵Щһʱ֮ʱĪ档
ǰ⻪ʢѩȻһ伫Ϊµ֮ڣֻ棬ǿʶȣ͸һĨɫϸϸֳһֲԴεա
һεĴȳţɼⰨѩһ㾧Ө͸βı֦ڹӳ֮£߲ʱʯУ֯һƬͷʡԴԶɼˮĶѩʱһֻ¹ɳǰƹͷ״Ƴˡ
ѩ𰵰̾һѷ磬ҹ֮ѩڸǰת˲֮䣬Ȼһ磬һѩ÷£һٻعŷѾֻԼһˡ
죬һѾʳ橵زǰչѩӵǸӱ
ʱֻϵʳ̣Źѩ˸վǰȥˣҪ๫÷˵ǻͷȥ塣
ѩͷȥůѩ¶ǹȥƵģ๫ҪЩ˺ܲأ
ѩ΢Цлˡ
Ц๫òſǹߵʱ˵Ҫ๫㲻ÿҪʲôЩʲôֻܷԸҡ
ѩӦоУһж̫ˡ
գһ۾һ£һЦ˭˵ǣֻ̫徲˵סȥܲˡ
ѩ˵˵̫įˣ
˭˵أ
ůԴ˸еص๫ˣٻЩҪǾͲˡ
ѵӽ쿪ģһѩֵö֪һЩ
ô˵סڽõ˺ˣ
٣Цһ£ܹˡǹңϹţپǴĶˡ
ĶѩȻ֪ģϹȴǵһ˵
Ϲţ
ǸˡҪжᡣ̾һ๫룬ôĵطܹˣ͹ʱţĶǸǰģû²׼ɾֻһˣʱ¹Ƶġ
˵Ȧˡ
ѩ𲻽Щڶһʣƽ޹ʵ˶Է˸С
Цһ£ԾЩʧ̬Ҵů˵͸๫ѩ¶ȥҴȥˡ
ѩԳͣżȥһůĿˮ֮⣬⻹һСССͬɫһֻյ
νѩ¶ˡ
һڱң΢΢ôһ˿ڼɢķΣȫ£һƬů⣬˵һ̩оǳСҲͿˡ
һͷ๫ľãҲֻ㲻ͷΣ
˵ʱһ˫۾ֻǹµµڹѩתѡ
ѩѹû뵽Ǿƣôһ˵סΪ֮һͿ﷢һϳţʱ䣬ȫͬŻҲƵķȣɲסءޣ
һȥ
ӿҪȻӶᵹȥ˲Ϣ֮䣬ȴ˽Ҫĸоʶ
է֮£ѽһƺЩֽţֻƵƵŰ۶
ôǺáû˵๫๫ôˣ
ѩҡҡͷ΢΢һЦ˵¡ֻƫƫݲ壬ֻ˵˸
֣Ӳȥ
һо죬ƽҲδй¯һȣǷ֮Դȴ浤֮ůȪ֮ȫ㴦ů֮С
ѩֻñ巢ٺ֮ůģƫƫһЩҲ᲻ͷ裬۲ȴˣ̬ⷬҲϡ
Ȼɵˣֻŵɫ԰ףԭ˵ѩ¶֮ʱǲչŷƣ˵¶дѪ֮ƽֻС뱭Ҳֻܲﵽһ֮ˣܷãΩ֮ʱֻãԷ⹦֮ߣÿֻѣǰλ๫һ¶ǣͦܵһˣֻиʲô⣬Լѵ˸ϵ
ôһ룬ѹֱųһ亹ֻŹѩֱһ˫۾˴
ã
ҵ๫㵹˵仰ѽ
ѩһ۾ϾȾ˺ɫǰغ죬ֳЦȻʹֻ࣬첻˵ȴվѡ
ţ
üҷϣһȴǱܲסģԽǲ֪ǺãڶԷͷһ£һ֮£ֱǻһ̣
ҵүôǺѽ
ˡǰһֻֻذѹѩתܡ
ݣһ󺮷Ϯס˽ţеĹѩԵһ˫պ˵۾ԼĿ֮Уޱɡ
๫ⶼҲã˸ѩ¶ǲܶȵģӿŻˡҴȥһˣҲа취Ҳһ
˵漴չһ·̤ѩ
óˣв书ġһṦ˵ã¸Ǵļ״̬ȻԽĿ죬ಣһɿݣѳȥʮ⣬˺ɳ֮ϡ
ѩҪ֪ԷҪԼȥƫƫ첻ԣȴǺһ
Ȼվס˽Ų뾪ϲص֤๫ھۣһʱҲҪڴ๫ȥϹţҲа취Ҳһ
ѩʵףֻԼ֪ǾƣȵùˣʵԼڹԪֻһ飬䲻˵̱ɸԭ˺Լǿ϶ƫƫԷѾͷС֣һ·֮£ҪҲǲܡ
±Źѩһ·ֱԺһСС¥ǰ
¥ᣬһɫĺɫʯɣһɫĶլһȦЩڰѩ֮£һǺףһǰ̣ȥֻˬ
¥ǰ½ŲСѩϹ˺ܹŹ֣ʲôð๫ǧҪһʶźá
ѩһʾס
Ҫٲһֵޣ֮๫ҪҼҹǰҪȻǿҪˡ
ѩǿصһͷϲɫߵ¥ǰһĶһ飬Ȼû
һ˵ϵȥȴֻȺĺľȣ˿
һŲæһڷŮԵվŮ˴һϮüԴĺɫӣһ˫ڰ׷۾üĿ֮䣬㣬ǹ԰ףӦһľɫŮˣϿȥʮˣ֮Уܶþפ֮ȳƺΪšɼǲСˡ
˭˵ûŮĮűעţȻһ£˺һ԰׵϶ʱֳһƬŭݣôĵӣȻͬҲ㡣
Ůˣǽļ˵סʱֻһ˫֣ٿȻһ䣬ҹ̽˫ǾԶȻδӹ
֡ˡַѩȻǵһμǹǰŮʩչȻΪܳߡôɿӣȻδÿһӱ˸Ů˱ȻŽս˫֣ǱԷס˺һʱֻǵ࣬۷ףǸֱһӲϾ͵档
˵ŮԲ˫ۣŭ߳ʲôˣ
飬ֻʱһɣŹѩӴ˸ģڵء
ôҲû뵽ԷϹžȻôһ֣ΪƽձǰˣȻڶԷ֣һ㻹Ϊ֮ɥֱҪ
˵˭
Ȼѷѩһ˫۾ֻŶԷתͣ
ǹѩ֪ǸϹӣֻǰϿֱ˺״
ϰƻһֱޡ
ˡôҲһλ๫ѡ
Ҳһ͡
˵˵ţأԽסᡣ
Ůһüëɵغһѡʲôѣ½Ե˼ңʲôѣ
ȻŹѩô˵
˵û˵
Ǹưͣ
ǡصѵǲܽȥ˵
ŮҪһճţ漴Źѩ˽Ȼ书൱ʱŹѩȽ׳һˣҲԸоЩԲ
ѹѩƽƽطһųϣ۵϶˺
Ů˲ȱ˵Ȼ䣬ǰ
һĹʯѩ˯棬ֻȫרΪãȴΪŮһְֻסǰ֮ϡ
ѩȻһͿžԷֱֻ֣ͬһǰ䣬סϴ˸£ٿǺŮջ֣˺һ˫ƺڰ׷ϹۣԼɫ˷ѽ⡣
ԭǺȶ˾ơѩ¶ɣ
ѩ𡰺ߡһ
һԵıæڵⶼҲãû˵λ๫һ
Ů˵֪ˡѩ
ѩһ֣һϸԷ۲ţʵ˵ԼǰʧѹҲģǶԷĳ·ɺʵŪ
Ůһץסӣڿ˵ˣʲô˵ʲô֪
ѩ𡰺ߡһںŮַֻסһ䣬ֻΪ֮һһɱ֮عʱȣֻͨ£̹Ŀ˵ˡ
ʲô֣
ѩ𡣡
΢΢һ٣ȻûֻǼѳڣҲͰˡ
ŮȻ˫Ŀʧ۲ܿȴúܣѷ˶Է鲻ԡ
ʵ
ޣѩګګǽĸնѡ
ô˵ĸչˣ
š
ȻҲͨ似ˣ
ţ
ѩôţﲻǺɣҪЩ£Ǵ̾ͳˡ
ô˵ĸ׿ǵŵĵطˣ
ѩʱΪ֮һ㵣û뵽Է֮֮ǿֻƾһϣ̻뵽ô࣬Ҳµ֮׼
ô˵ˣǲǣ
¶ˡ
ô˵㸸࣬׷ơ㾹ҵĺˣһ֮
ֱʱϲ΢΢ֳһ˿ϲõɫһԱУǴȤ⡣
ֱûпŮЦ񷽲һ˿ϲõı飬ҲǵһμڲڱسƺϹš
ӦһҡŮ˺ݺݵض˵µѾͷ
ֱŰֱۣܶҲŪͿˣôúõأλ๫Ȼֱաࡱˡ
ֻǰݣɣȴҲʡ
ѩֵشǰŮˣﾡ಻⣬ȴҲ˵
Ů˷ץסһֵֻˣӦ˲㣬ھô
ѩȣֻ
Ů˵˵ͷȵ̫ˡҡת湦ɶã
ѩһͷشѧ
ˡŮ˵ڹʵЧһŹԿ
ѩͷ漴˫ۣʩŹ򣬲軨ʱ䣬ʱΪֻһŶصĴͳת뵤漴ɡ
ںŮ˵֮£漴ʩڹһΣȻȴȥѲǰȡ
Ůϴһ£ͷţöˡ
ڣ漴һɱֱѩ֮䣬ź߱Уʱ߱ȫ
˲Ϣ֮䣬źŮ뿪ƣǷһ糣ˡ
ѽһЦտص๫ˣ
ѩ̾һûʲôˡʵӦɲλǰֻһʱпڲ˵ùżһ
ӷֻҪ๫ӸԭͺˡղſɰˣһҪǳʲôֻǹĲҡ
ŮˣЦСǸѾͷҲˣһΪڼأ
ֳȥˣʲôҪ¶
ŮһЦû˵¶˲м̬
ѩδԷлʵûǰôƺ
ŮĮϣЦơ
Цﺭżɭȴһ˫۾תһԵıעӹȥȻӶȴƱ˵ġ
Ȳû⵽һŷ˫۾ȻԼû뿪е
ߣҪ뿪ɣ
ŮأһԲ
һ¼磬ͷתһߣǵ׵ֲסԷ˵ƣ̾һֻվ
߾ˣֻɲܰѹ๫̫ãҪȻ֪ˡ
ߣŮЦһǰҿǲںȥɣ
˹ѩһۣҪʲôѩȴ΢΢ҡҡ֣ʾض˵Լվˣǰصشš
Ůһϸüëݺݵصʲôˣʲôūš
˵̾ǿѹһŭһ£ȷ˱Ȼ뿪תѩ𣬡ղʵҵ֣ǣ
ѩǰаѣ˵Ҳա
ǵǣֻ̫ûңȻʹҸеһЩ𾪡ҷ·뵽һ˵ĳЩ˵ȷʵдڵıҪֻǣ˵Ѳʲôˡ
ô˵ţŮصڷһתȴͣڹѩǰĮϣȻȾһЩϲ
һùѩоǸŮˡһ൱ŮˣҲж˵ɫ
Ҫ֪
㲻Ļ
ðɣҾ͸㡣
һ䣬ϵЦʧˡ
¬ģ֣
ѩҡҡͷȻ뵽Է۾Ҫڣ¬ȴȿڡ
ҡͷҸоóؽȥʵֹ㲻֪£ʶҵˣᳬʮˣ⻹ʮǰʮ֮Ľ죬ֻ֪ˣ˵УҪȥ½ͩڵ㡣
½ͩ
˷㻹֪
ѩԭ֪˷ıֻǻϤѣŮ¬ôһᣬźȻϤһЩӡ
ֻ֪ϰ˳ΪŮҲϰ˳Ƿ
¬ĵҪǸѾͷ
ѩһüĪǰ½ϸŮʲô٣
٣¬ЦһǵûУֻǶǺʧܺģ֪Ī仰
ѩֵͷ
¬̽ȥˣҶǸŮӡһ仰ݣʵǼΪǡ
¬ǰҲˣʵŪסǶԷأȴҲʵڲʣ˵ԵЩ¡
¬غһҡҡͷ˵ڲ֪վ֪ġ
˵ţ漴ڹѩһ˫ӳ͵ڹѩתš
ҡеʵ㸸ĸɺãҵ˼ǿô
ѩܺãҲܿ֡
ͺá¬΢΢ЦţһΣǶǰˡأϵЦݣҲЩࡣ
֪˵Ҹĸ׺ʶˣʱ򣬶ǹʱ򡣡
һ仰ɾй˵׶ԭҲǽˡô˭أ
Ƿȴֲ񣬹ŮˣȻ˵ĿȴǼơֲˡ
Ӧ˵¬ǰļңǡ
ûмҡ
ô򣿡
Ҳûɷ򡣡
湻ˬ䣬ȴʹĹѩΪ֮һʵŪô¡
̱ˣɷ;룬ҲΪ档
ϣû˸öá
ôɬЦţһĪӡͻȻðôһ䣬е㡰ɶͷĸоΪԹˣΪ˵Ĺѩһʱ֪ôˡ
¬Цһվ˼תأ
ᣬʵ£˶Ǻˣȴȫ
ѩ΢Цһ£⼸仰ͬҲŮϣ
Ůˣ¬һεЦţŮ˻ôϣŮûзģĵ¡߳Ůʵ̫ˡ
ѩһʱٿʵҲ޻˵
¬ĺȻɫګګصҰѻԶˣԵҪ֪½ͩŮ֮Ĺϵܸô
ѩҡҡͷ˵֮䣬ûʲôĹϵ
ѣ
Ȼ
ǵˣ
Ҳ˵
ôΪʲôס
⵱Ȼԭġ
ңΪʲô
ѩһ룬ΪޱܵıҪ漴Ѵ˵һ顣
Ȼ˵ü򵥣¬ȴúϸ
ߣԭˡ¬ĵ֪½֮ͩĻԹ
ѩ˵֪һ㣬ղŷˡ
¬ĵѾԣѶɺ޷йϣҲ֪ʮǰһ㸸ױȶʱҡӷɡʮϡ
ѩ΢΢һǱǡ˫ɡһˣ
¬ĵͷһСЦһ£ӵǵҽǲõģһ֡˫ɡȴʮ㣬½ͩûаʤҪԹ֣ҪСˡ
ѩ½ǰտѾʶˡҸҲδ֣Ҿ͸˵ˡ
ߣҲһ
¬ĺȻ뵽ʲôʵ㻹Ҫסã
ѩҡҡͷ˵֪Ҳסһ뿪
⣬òźڣʧ֪Ǹÿһʱһˡ
⣬Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô¬ЦһҲͱʣ˾֪ˡ
˵Ȼɫһüͷһ¡˳һƣѩǰأˡ
ѩֱϾ˼˳򳤰
¬֮죬ֱʹѩΪ𾪣ǻ׵һֻݺ˫ۿ֮䣬Ʈ⣬һ֮ϣһһ䣬
ֻһṦѩΪ۷ӡֱǲǰ˵һµľ硣
ⷬʵ̫ˡ
ѩ˯Ҳ¬֮ʱͬʱ֮䵱ǰһŻ˿һӰҲƵƮ롣
һмֱڻþ
ֱѩȻˣǴ˼˷ʱʹ׵ô£ͷһ漴ظʡ
Ŀһɨµѩٿת¬ģüһ²õô£ôˣ
¬صѩ¶ˣµġ
ߡһ΢΢һƮѩǰͷעƬ̣ȷ¬˵٣ϲֳȻ
ôģǱģ
Լġ
뵽˱𣬹ѩ漴ʱ˸ѡ
¬һЦ˵ôǶߣô
ǵȾ֮ˣƺ¬ǰȴҲòЩ
ǵǡֺαضأ
ߣҶô뿴δˡ
ҡ̫æˡ
æʱأ
΢΢ֳһԵĹѩһۣ˵ô˰ɣ߰ɣ
ѩ𻺻ת¬ĵлл¬ǰ֮ˡ
¬ĵͷǵһμ棬֪Ǹúӡ
һ˵ţתһԵķͩһȱµ¸ɵòˣɲٷˣҺϲҪʲộҿǾӦġ
һ˫üٿһ֣ɭɭһЦȴţΪЦ˭˵Ҫôˣʡʡİɣ
¬ĵͷͺá
漴Էһ̾ϢͩⶼΪá
һ˵漴վת沽룬ֱʾ˵ȥɣ
ѩ˵߰ɣ
ٲȻһ㺮˪һﲻǰС
һͤӣ
ô֪¬
âһ˫ӣֱֱرϡ
ѩԼ˵ġ
˵Щʲô
ûʲôѩֻֽ¬ģ۾
ȻһϹӣߺߣ֪ô
ѩҡҡͷȻ뵽˷ųƺһɲȻʹһ
ѵ˵¬ĵݾǰҪô
֪ȷʵꣿ
֪ѩ΢صǰΪ𣿡
ֳһ˿ص΢ЦֻأٻһЩɭ
˵ʵڵ꣬ȻôһҸ㣬ʵ꣬Ѿʮˡ
ѩһ
صһ־Ůˣǻۣ۾Ϲˣֻ½յƽˣɾͲǽ̫ƽˡ
֮⣬ƺ¬Ů޶Ϊˡ
Ȼѩ𲢲ƻɷԼ۾䡣
ǰƺǡĪϵĳ
ֳ˱ĵЦݣֹӵɣ 







 

  
ʮ¡ҹءһûԪ 

ѩֱµƻʱ֣ѩԶӼһ֡
ȴĿ࿴֪͡ѩҺ񣬲δʩչȫһԷϺÿԼҲһľǹѩӮˣԳ֮𣬱ؽưոݣƽȥǿɾͷʹ֮ˡ
ؾסоһڹֻñ£ȻѩҰͣȴûоһЩ֮⣬Ȼµѩ¶ѾЧǡ顱˼ˡǰͣһֻ͸˵ѩȴѩ뼦Լ췹죬ζ
ζòãЦ˵캦صŪʵĸ๫㳢£ѩѩζˣҲȲϡϹžһƬȣζɾ͸ˡ
ѩʣʲôдƬ
ǲ裡Σ๫㿴һ˵ֽҿЯĲǣֳĲ裬̳γεĲˮżƬͬСưСĲҶǲҶɫ̺죬ʰ͸壬ԺɫҶ壬Ȼܳɫ֭ˮҲһˡ
ҲָѩɽеĲƷǹԼƶɵģȻһȾ֪ˡ
ѩľöˣĹֻѩµ˶
Це˫ַ˲裬ӹһڣ㵴
תͷһɺɫ̺ƾһſϣƿͷЦ
ɣҵүһ᣻ʲô̹⻨ÿж໶
һƬ̺죬ʵʹˡ÷֮⣬ֻһЩ辰ۣһ룬ȻҲвƽıƫϲ¡
㣬ˣŮӣǸ˵׹дС컨ɫָͣ˵ǹϲġӱġֲ軨ɷˡ
Щ䶼ȽͺָѩɽܹȥܲƵ漣ȻǾһӦ
ѩӹ˿ڣĿڴһƬɫͷֻޱܰ
һͷȻ𣺡Ҵδ֪֮ܳǰ֮У
˼Ȼãȴвɵþʹ˳ȴǡ
һ֮ˣʱ綵ͷһˮһ˫۾漴Ի˻
ȴƽ⣬̾;졣
ף๫ô
ѩҡͷòôңһԼֹˣ˵Ҳҵļҡ
һЦ˵ȥʱ򣬻ҹ˵Ҫ๫ﵱԼļһǧҪôֿѽ
ѩ΢΢һЦ֪˵Ҳ˵壬ǰһ£ȴʮȤ
ȥϹ
Ϲˣ鲻ԽüͷȥˣÿһΣͷȥ
ÿһΣ
ˡ˵ʵ˱ٹ֮ʮ²һ㶫ҲûйϵȴҪÿͷȥԵĶһЩŹŹֵֹĶֱˡ
ѩָѩɽжˣ
һʮˡһжҿǲǰˡ
书Σ
˭Ҳû˵˵Ǹ߲ɲ⣬ֻϧһϹӣһϹˣٴôأ
˵ҲͲˣѩת̸Щģ벻ָѩɽãȻƣôĵطȴֻô˾סʵ̫µ̫ˡ
̾Ϣ˭˵أʹﶼڼңǾͲˡ
һŮˡѩȻʵĸأ
ɫ΢΢һ㶣Цҡҡͷ֪
ҿһۣһָѹڴһɱˣǼҵļɻ䣬ǹ˭Ը£ѳϰߣ๫ǧǰѽ
ѩ΢΢һЦҲͲٶ˵δЩɡһ뵽˼Ҽ˽£ȻԸȻ֮ԼֺαҪ֪
̸Щģ뵽ЩдԸȥˡ
ѩԸ￴˰飬ɫһƬɫкʾŽ
ƿȥɫµİѩֱȵۣУֻֿС¹԰һųͷǵԴѩҹΣǣ÷ɡھȵ¹֮£Ǹ̬һִԵľֻ̬Ϭˣȫᵽ
ѩһϵõޱܣ鲻ɼذֱ𣬡ˢ⡣
԰׵¹էӰŵתܡ
ѩƺͯģźšܣԷ㼲׷ȥ
ٽ׷¹ƻһǣѩ漴ʩչܳṦһкֱ׷ȥ
һһ¹չıܡ
Ȼ䣬ѩʩչṦ׷Ƽһ䣬ʱȴѸԽ¹ǰ
ʩչÿ켫ˣµӣֻǰһݣۡһѾֻ¹ͷϣ¹ͣȻʧͷһ徢δȥӶΪ֮ȴΪѩһУƽֻ¹֣ܵ
ⷬʩչʹ죬쾡£Ȼ˺ֻɰ¹ȥ
¡ѩӳĵüˬһϮҶֱ졣
ҡҷ֦Ѿ϶֮䣬ѩȻһΡȻ¥
ǲټһ¥䣬ǰΪ
ѩﲻΪ֮һ˼ţֻһ·׷ֻ¹ǰ֪˺δ˵ĽֵǺã
ôţɲסЩ棬΢΢һ¥ǰ
Χ֮Уǰʯ¥ԽԵΰˣ¥˾٣ֱһСɽ
ǰƬ¥Ӱ֮УԼ͸һ㰵ƹ⣬Ȼ˾סˡ
ѩȻţܷܿס˵ԼˣһײȴҲ֮£ţ㼴Ҵһߣֶ
ϻűһѩѩΩ½ӡʩչ̤ѩ޺۵ľһڲ롣
ԭ뾡뿪һĻرܣȻġ
Ƭ֣ڱʲôõģѩԭ죬һŴ̤ȻæһֻĽ˻
ǰɿ⣬ԭһƽ̨ܿɽ߷嶥ԼĪʮɼγһƸ߿ΪĿտء
ʹѩеԾĵյأǿյֱֱŵǸˡһѩ״멣ӭ裬ֻϸԵŪһֻͬɫѩӥ
ѩĿֻһ۾ͿǷҹȥ˯ȴӥǺˡ
Ӵ˫ѩӥֻΧ裬һ˶ӥڴѩҹⷬϷˣȥɣȴʹùѩ𲻱ζȻˡ
磬ҪȻƽΪԷֻ֣ȴֻ֪һػΪ֪òرСġ
ʱһ˫עųһ˶ӥҪһΣ
°ѩռóʮŷ˫ֻӴһ˫ѩ״ӥعĳֳ
ʹùѩԳһӥǻĪǷǽѩӥڴ澯Ϊɣ
ˣִΪ
ţѩֱ˲ܣһֻӥ¶ΣԼ͵ˣҲ˵
ķʱϵĴ멣ֳһϮɫװ
Ȼһơ
ѩʱ򣺡ޡԭ򡭡ҪհհʲôصĹֵĴ澯䣿
ѩһƵҡºȻȴֲĴ棬һʱ󣬴ҲҴһڡ
ȻֻŻһҼ֮ƣͬʱ棬³һڳɹ
ѩ𲻽֣Ȼ죬ϰ书ԼķǾһ˵ȴǴͬС죬ǰϰķʽȴǰδ֮ţȵĺ棬漴Ϣϸȥ
һ֮аյʱ䣬˫Զѩϣѿ沿飬ȴԿԭӣǴÿһεĺμǴ࣬أӾǴƤӣʹùѩΪ֮첻ֹ
ʹԪǴĹڹڡԪһ㹦ˣȫµǹѷ˰ٲ⣬һּڼҹ
Ȼܶ˶֪Ź򣬵ʶŶߣȴ֮٣ܹɹģǧһǾ͸ˡ
ѩǾ죬֪ǰķĪֺڽôͷʵ湦򣬽ҹԼۿֱţ˻Ԫ
ֻѩӥأԻƬܣţз紵ݶƽӲֻ۾ 







 

  
ʮ¡Եڷ칦 

֮վãȴְڳһơ
Ǹվ˺֣ҽţֻվڵϣ΢΢ףֵĻƳ³һջʱȻǰδ֮ơ
ѩԭ޲뿪ƫƫֲܣ֪֮Уɻй¶һΪײܷɳ𣬼ʹһ˽ҲʣԽǺдһԽҾԷпѱ硣
ȻûһЩأԼţֳһʱ䣬ͣ
һظͬһѩʹĿţȴҲ鲻ɼӡ
ҷûټȥ⡰ԪһĿǰϰģȡ֣תһס¥תأֻѩӥһһ˫ݵʿ󻺻ǰת˲֮䣬һ˶ӥ漴֮С
ֹһѩŸƶӣ˱ȻѾת¥ᣬѭ·˻ء
һ·Ȼʩչ̤ѩ޺۵Ṧֳκ㼣֣һֱʹΪ֮һ뼰أɲ¡
ԭ֪һ书˵ãֱһ֤ʵ˶ԷľտʵȻĸҪ߳ࡣ
һϰˣ˱ȻǶѧĽһϰˣŽܳ书ˣҲȻһ㡰ΩҶ𡱵Ӣ۹ͨһۣǱ̱˵书߹ԼѩȻǰ͵ˣͷʹڷȻ˼֮⣬ȻͬʱҲĲС
쬵ķѩعιڴ˸ɽ壬й侢ֱǧϸСĸ룬׷״򼡷⧵֮£Щܲס
ѩʱڲִ٣ഩ·ʱòһůĵԪ֮С漴ȫ漴һů⣬Ǵ̷ĺ磬ҲͲٿηˡ
˳һ۵ѩСֱֱǰһ̣½Ųһϣúİܿܰ·߲ˣȻ̧ͷѩӳǰһСС¥
һֻΪԼͿؿۣٿ֮£ϳռͬűһһʯС¥Ϲ¬ľסĵط
û뵽Ϲײ֮£Ȼ
ţתȴֶλ¬˵Ҫÿһʱȥһ˵ģʲôر⣬Һβ˿ֻ̡̫һ㣬žǡ
˼֮ʱ¥ǰŲףתӷתһ룬ɭɭһЦ֮֮ͽɣ
ѩдһһ·֮ϣʩչṦԷ¥⣬˵Ҳɿ⣬仹һʯǽȻδӹԷ䣬¬ĿЩ˼Ĺ켿ˡ
³ͻȻѩһʱΪ֮Ȼ֪شʲôȴֻ¥ţѻſˡ
˴ʱݲùѩǰ
һšоٲֱ߽ȥӭϮһ΢磬ȴдգš֨һ죬Ժ£
ѩ͵̧ͷĿӴģֻһյɵĹµƣյģȴӰҲûһ
ô
ԶϣƿչȻ
Źѩ̧ͷһԭҪǸ¬ĸ߸ϣ˻һֻعƽƽ컨ϡ
ڼ书֮УԭСڻǽһţҲֻڶУǰ¬㴹ֱڶϡӴֻһ˫ƣֻż⣬ֻƾôСĽӴܰҶֱǲ˼֮¡
ԡڻǽŹۣҲ߶ϾֹΪףܹߣһһڼҸ֣ȻǰϹ¬ʩչԳƵǰδδ֮Ҳ
¬˵仰˫΢ɣֱֱ壬漴ҶƮȴƮҪûô׹ֱֱѹѩ𿴵ëȻɲúһȷԷ˵ĴڣֱҪһ֣һ顭
ô֮ƣʾӸжôᣬȴֲǽֻһܺǡһ־˵ѩɫ΢֮£
ǰµӰ൱λʱȻֹסֱ½ֱϣϵǡô޷졣
ѩɼô
һƬĮȴʮֺͰһ˫վ۾ֱֱضŶԷ
ѩҡͷ˵ûС
ô˵
ҲûС¬ڷǳǳһĨ΢Ц񽾰ȴֺż
ŵӵܣӦһ֪
غһжȷ㸸׷ƶҲŵĹȻǵһ
ѩҡҡͷ˵ҸĸߣǻѴﵽ㾳磬¬ǰһô
ȻЩʶ
ֻ˲ѡ
µĲ
¬ָһµ˵
ѩ£档
ѩҸ㣬Ź򣬱ͽСǵʼô߷ëǣֻ֪ˡ
ˣ
ѩ𲻽һ֪Լǡªšˡ
¬ĵһͷһ˫׾ָ֣ͷһӣǰĵӺȻΪ֮һһЩӡ
Ȼ˫ĿʧЩֱ۾˻Ϊϸ㲻Ϊ֮Ȼġ
ڰٲȡʵѣȴеѭǰơףȴѶ޼ѭ
Ůв˼顢˷˼书ˡ
һǳɽ˲Σ˳ҩϲڶ游ߣҡ
ѩɲһǣԼ游ԾԾǣ˲ˣ䲻˲αǵ½̫ʦˡ
¬ľګ游˹ţ˲ζս洫˵Ҳˣˣֻһˡ
ѩ˲μʹˣӽ̫ܼ̳ܿһѧ
¬ĵǸչСӣ˵ˡ
˹ѩȷʵйпвֻǳޣźһʯУԼԭɲѴ֮ɱΪ˴󺦣ƫƫ²֣ݣԴӰҲ֪Σ
ʲô
¬ĵĻʹȻæʵûʲôǰɼô
ҡҡͷ¬˵ûУ֪˲ôһͽܣһѧڸչĵʮ˵ˡ
һ٣ֽȥ游Ҳ㸸ףô㸸ز½֮ͩ£ܻܿ
ѩصô˵½ǰûѧᡭ
¬һЦûнһҲѧᣬҲΪʲôòҵĵѴֻѻ񡭡
ѩд˸ûдǻ
㲻ʶͩΪˣʶ¬૵صһĻթˡ̫Ҫǿʤκ˵书߹ĺֻĿģֶΣټ书ǿǣˣһֻĵ
ѩһЦôĵֻذҴȴҴǲ⣬Ϊʲô
¬ġߡһòżͿ֪ˣҲòŰɥûᣬ㲻ʶңҲʹѷĻ
ѩΪ֮һǰ˼ǡ
ҪΪͽ㼸书Ը⣿
ѩ΢΢һɲϲɫ
¬΢΢һͷҿ컯ɣĪˣʮ֮ڣܾҴҲһа֮
˵̾һ֪ˣҪһǳֵˣɲһ׵£ֻƾʱǲġ
ѩǰҪ书ܿɹֻҪΪǽ֮ڣΪȴŹаˡѴ
¬˵ҲͲǿˡ
漴̾Ϣһһע˵Ĺ¶ףҲûд˵ˡ˵վҽת߽
ѩӦһҡ
﷽һ̤룬ʱֻһڣȾī֭ľ޸ףŹرֱ֪֮ξʱ˿̣ǵǰе¬ģֱֲָ¬İԼȴֵʲô飿
úô
ڰд¬ĵ
̫ˡѩĪصǰ˵ƣź˵
ǵء¬ʮ˫ʧԺһֱǹӡҴȵλͬĸоҪĹǷǴ˲ɡ
ѩţԭˣȴǲؽпࡣ
¬ĵһʮֿӣﲻȱģӦ
΢٣ѩֻһ˿Ϊϸ΢ƿ֮Ҳ෽ԼϮǹѩڰ¹һ๦һ˿ֱ
Ȼһȴܵģ֮У۾ȲֻƾоŲذͷһƫ˿һһӻҪСϸСʲɶϻ˹ȥ
һ˿ǰһθΪϸСģֱѭֱ˹ֱϸСޡ
ѩȴУŲһǡǡ
ϼ¬΢Цܺãûʧͨŵһأʸңҵġඨֹۡˣϲɺء
ѩȾοصʲôôϸС
¬ĵʲôֻϸСķ˿ѣѰҲģ֤ˣϰҵġ֮ĸףڲϰ̫ŵĹ档
̫ţ
㵱Ȼɡ¬ĵΪѲ֣ǽеһѡ
һ٣ѩ̾ǰϮͿһɾֱϮ
ѩ𡰰һ淭˶ԷεһȭֻǶ棬ȴ㲻棬һȴ˶Էһơ
һ¬ĵȻ˷ִ磬Ȼѩ𲻽һģһͨһԵϡ
ӷ¬Сġ
šȣȣѩ˫Ըһơ
ƿǴòᣬȵѩʱԷ˻ӣһһǿƮ硣
ѩ𱻴ֱǷȡ
ðӰ¬һٴߺߣҪסܴ֮Ҫ򶨣ΪɱֳǴ򶨣ӦǶùġ
˴ҪѵȷζǶԷ˵ȷʵȴ
˼⣬ȻˣԼٸҪܳ򶨣Էһ˺ԼȻ˵ʡãȴһ£ǣҲڰװװơ
˼ţ漴վ𣬷Եǰ
ڣֻҼһžһһơ
һƲأѩϡɨֱ˫
ԭǼһֻһӣּҿԭ㡣
˷ŵǰ֮ѩѧˣмŲһͬʱ˫һ壬ȻԷȴü뷽ʽȻֿ˫֣Էץȥ
Ȼʽʩչü죬ȴȻ˸ա
ֻһȴûԩذơ
һκöˡ
Զʾ¬ĵȥԼ
ͬڰ֮ڣѩ㻹ȶԷֻֻۣǱȽ֮£¬ĵǺһѩ𷴵һϹˡ
΢ڣ
ѩһ˼⣬ͻȻ򣬸о˷컯Ѱ򲻿ʧ֮ۡ
¬˵ʮ֮ڣҪĹΣ֮ɣϸᣬ
˵֮䣬ѩԼԿڰ֮УȻֳ㼫ΪϸСĻǡ
ڱҼڣֲָССǣΩһܼ֮ȻϸС˶٣׻ܿ
֮һ첽˹ȥ
¬ĵСĽ¡
סѱߵһֻƿӡ
ޡʲô
һ˵漴־
ϰľűˣȻһֻ˵ƿӡ
¬ĵҵˣ
ѩûдơ漴ںԭ
ã߰ɣ
ѩŵϼжСĵĺãǰðʧ֮£ǰһ
Ȼⴥ˽ǰʲУһֻƿӵˡ
¬ĵһЦعֻСǰˡ
ѩӦһŷʤСżǰȻСĽ಻ʧ㣬ֻУҲ֪ߵ˶٣ߵǵС֮
һ֪һöССϸϸ㣬һߴڿС
ǵǣֻǵǣֻܹʶѣ֮δ棬ʵڲ¬ĺ˲ãĺڣȴ¬΢Ц֮
һߵʮֻƿӣĶʮһֻֻҲѵá
ŵһһ١ֻƿӣǰʮʮɷϳУ㲻ҪС̣ΪأһȻϣеĵһ͡
ѩƣʵǰ˼
¬ĵ֮䣬ӦӦЩƿӰڵȻֻһǻģֿ֮䣬粻ܽӦֱֻܴﵽһһľ磬֮ͻؿڣ㺣գ޾ˡ
ѩͷһͷˡ
ֻ׻¬ĽŵҪģǰδŵģÿһǽϣ˼һͻƣҷԴˡ
¬Ľ˵ǰ䰵ң˵˵˿Ӱ죬Ȼ˫Ŀʧȴ۵˸ΪеҪˡ
һ٣ֻáһɽķӦԲ֪Էǰ
ѩŲһһߵһֻƿӣٹվ֮󣬲֪ԷûԼ֣ò
¬صʱʮֽȣʮ֮粻ᣬֻ±һ񡣡
⼸仰δ˵꣬ƮȻԶضʮ֣εתҲøߵԶβʱָ˽ǰ
ѩһ֮£壬˶ԷǽĸߵͻתָʾáȻˣֺαزɴ˵ƣҪԼޣžˡ
ΪôһԼֻ۾Ӧ¬ȷʵࡣ
һ䣬˾۾Էע⡣¬ĵ̫ǡ
󡪡ԡǬ
ÿ˵һ䣬ֳߵͣʾתļһľ仰תӣ߱˰ÿһ䣬ȴκһֻƿӡ
ѩԽٰ࣬ϸȴȻ治һЩŵ
¬Ҳ𻰣˵߿տҲһ߼ΪգУһ֮Ҳ
ѩһɲססϢע
һ֮Ϊ֮컯֮Դ֮
δѣء
һιѩץţע⵽Էһ˿δϣ˿˿
һ֮μδ¶Ѿߣһէգռķ
֮δʶ֮δʶٲȻ̫һҲ
һǰ״֮ɿۣǡѨ֮ߣδʹѩѲǰ֮ʣǺ֮
¬ֽǰ˵֮˵һ飬ѩΪԷ̬ŽƳ⡣
¬ĵΪ֮飬ܸ֮ͨӦ
һ˵¬ѩ档
ѩ𼸺Կ϶Ǹ
¬Ľȥڣܺ⣬ġ
ѩ𲻾תһӣо¬ĵӣֵһ
ߣ֮ҲǹУ⣬һ֮Ҳ
һ٣Ȼֹ
ѩɼסˣ
ѩ֪Ǵ죬ͷӰ죬ǡ
֪Ҵ˿ںη
ڰ֮У鴵׽
ѩȴ϶Ĳش׵档
¬ķһ΢ЦżתáડһһƬǰֻ¬ֳһӣ˴Ƭ⡣
ȼһյƣ˻ӡ
ѩ𻷹ܣŷңȻǶԷ֮ãȻдΪ᣷ʴ֮⣬಻ɼȴֻضǵµƿӣĩģȴհȫÿһ䡣
ⷬڹѩУɲסȻľ˵ںڰ֮УǰƹҪһֻƿӲȫȻͨҲǲס
¬ʱʯ֮ϣ΢΢̾㲻ˣջȥϸϸذ˵Ļһ飬ܹͨ컯ò
΢΢һ٣ЦȻнųɼ߻۸ִͨ˼һģҺܸˣȥɣΣʱ㡣ֻмǣ½֪ͩڱǸѾͷǰҲ¶һڷ硣
ѩӦиתء
һҹҲ˯о˼¬˵֮ԡЩиڼֱűУʱΪ졣漴ϥϣʩһֱ緹ϴ
ֻһճ࣬˿ȴѩɽزѩѩѩ˿ͬһֳճóԣѩһ˸⡣
һԿÿĵ˵Ҫ
ҪˣҪˡѩ˵Ե̫ˡ
һʰ꣬һ˵һͳȥˣ˵Ż
ȥˣ
ǾͲ֪ˡҡͷ˵˼Ҳ˵˭Ҳʡ
˵ȻһµҲһ㻹ˣĶ˵๫Ҫлһֱأ
ѩ˵Ҳ̫ˣҿˡ
˵˺üΣڣһˣ˵ôأҲǹֿġ๫ͼһɣ
ѩһЦ㣬ɣ
Ӧţ漴תһͬŴĶһ
ѩէ֮£治һûû뵽Ȼ
ԭĶǰأǷҽε÷ҩͨ飬͵ҲؽɲмˣȻˣȥҲƵġ
Ķ˱þݣڿȥֱƤͷ߼ڵأʱֱŸһֻϺףէȥһӾʮƵģƽģͿһ
˫էһ棬ֻūŹֵһشлˡ
˵ꡰͨһݵϣֱŹѩߵͷѡ
ѩŲǰסܼҲض񣬲ҵҵ
ĶͷŶվһλ
ѩһƹأҪúϢһʱȴ߶أ
˵ǡĶŻƬ촽һ֣鲻Խ̧Ĩһ£űӵһҪǶԮ֣Ķ϶ǱסˡºҲ˹شˣĶǰǹۿˣϵĵط˲С˹ǧš
˵˵ţɾ鲻Խ뵽ֻ촭ŴǺֱԡ
üëֵͬصϴСˣֿ޸ʲôûϢ
һ˵æΪ˹̵ȥ
ĶǿǿȣǺ˰죬³һڴѪ̵ԸǰأӴӴֱ
ƽ㲻ܵúô˼ҹ๫ҲӶ
Ķһ˫۾ӣֱߺߵصͱ𡭡𡭡
ô㡭֪ܵԩܸ˭ޣ˭ǣ
˵˵ţ߿ɾִ˴ᣬǡ
̾һ˵Ҳ˼ҹ๫ǰѽ
޷ѩĶԩ޿ҲãֻڸηΣֻ²˹ǽһĺá
ôһ˵Ķ治ٴˡ
ˣ֪Ķګګص˸־ҴĶҲ¼Ĺʹūŵġ
һ۵Ҫ
ĶҲҰѻ˵̫¶ǣ̾˿ߺҡҡͷګګص
ýȡ˵ɡôɱôˣ󲻹ӵĸƵġֺαأ
˵̾ϢһĻӡ
ѩĪ㲻ΪȻӦ֪ӹϵŶĴܼʱڣ֤ȷо֮ģһ֮ʣܱΪ񵽵׵ĺãȻΪźʵʧ
Ķֵ̿ص˿ǧҪô룬һ֮ϴĸ棬ҪΪˡֻ룬¿²ܡ
ʤȵһԶĶվҴڷ漴ѵĻ̻ص˶
ѩԹ̬ȷ֪Ķ˱֮ģֻȴԸڴһ¼һ֣ڶУ⣬Ķһ̣޻˵Ըǡ
ٹ뿪֮󣬱һͷǺôĵӣҪǸ֪Ź֡
ô
ߣ๫ǲ֪վ⿴һۣŵ˶ѣһץˣ̴ֶκ˼ˡȥйôһӡ
ŵˣ˵ȥڽõһйģΪ˴죬ӣץԺ󣬻ıӿ¼ˣȫ˱һ
ѩ΢΢һЦû˵ʲôλΪ˸һ˽⡣
ϻһ򿪣˵ϲ
๫ס˾֪˿ǹŹˣõòˣһƢˣҲҪġˣ๫ˣǵùһ
ѩһ㵣ȴ˵ƣ΢ЦΪҪסã
۾Ȼˡ
ףѵ๫㻹Ҫߣ
ѩͷҵȻҪߣȲҵļңַǾֻ֣֮½ǰΪҪ
ͷһЦ˵๫Ĳ֪
ѩҡҡͷֵصѵ֪
΢΢һЦЩصֻǲˡ˵սˡ
Ҫѡ๫Ůɣ
ѩȻһ˰죬û
ѵ๫㻹⣿
ѩֻЦ
һѽصȢҼҹ治֪ǼĸƯִ󡭡һ
û˵꣬ѩȴվ뿪ǰ
ѽˡ
Ȼѩعֻ۾ضʵ˭˵ģ
ҡګګصֻǲѡ
ѩɫżŵòᣬҲЩʲô
ס仰Ժ󲻿ᣬΪġ
ɫׯϣŭʥַ֮һ棬˲룬Ȼݣֻѩµ̬Σһ˽ŭᣬҲͲٶ˵ʰ꣬ʸ뿪
Ժ󣬹ѩ鷴ƽˣȫû룬ֻڶԷûȷ̬֮ǰʵڲ飬ڱҲô˵ˣȻֻƾ²⣬ȴֻ¶Щ˿ɹ׷ѰܲĴ澯䣬ĺá
Ӷ뵽˷ԼĴ˷ƴ֮ǰʱȻ˵
ѵ²ĹȻʵҪŮң
Щ²ҲͰˣһ𣬿ɾɲסĴΪң˷ǲľ飿ãв֪֮úɫ֮οжǳɫд󵱻飬Ů󵱼ޣʹ뷨Ҳ˵ԣڹѩԼһˡ
صڷ˼ɫء
ܡҲܡ
һ䣬ǰģȴһ顢ֿż̵壬
Сǹ
鲻ԽỽһҲݲµڶˡ 







 

  
ʮ¡޶δСǸ 

ѩƬƬʯͷƮѩˡ
СŴţ͵۾üɢ˵ķ˿ʾĵĲʣ֮£˿ݶˡ
Ϊ˼ңŷƣоģһ˰ˣ˭֪ȴôһ£ޱ˼ǵôߣˮкأ޿ײ룬ʹԨ
ӲˣܹżϷɳƺأÿһεбҵľģҪ䷢ʱϺһдʣڵȻʱǧ˿
ʵ䱾£ӹ֮Ʒһ˵ȫȡ˵ĸ־ǻۣȴһȾ룬õ𣬷ŵ¡
õ𣬷ŵ¡˵ףֻǶ̶̵ֶѣɾͲô£㵱һʯĳ˼侲һˣֻһ㣬㲻Ϊ
ǰӣˮԧ죬Ϊ֮ޱߴЦһΪ֮ʵſҰһﶼΪˣرСݣ֦лһˮһ¶磬꣬һ֮ĿΪ֮һʧȥ飬治֪Ϊˣԣ㡰ҪǺε֮ף
һʹ˼ҵˣҲδرĴԿգ¶ɮ³Ⱥܹɷмˣ
СԼܣԽ£ԽˣԽ飬ƫƫΪ飬ǡϣңһζͷˡ
ϷܴڸģȻֻǡիֶѣްӷ֣֪ǧ飬ȻǡüͷȴͷһҲˣΪɣͷ죬Ӫ֮£Ϊΰصľģȥͷζͬ
˱ġ
գƺһˣ֪һĽСһαʾĳԸϺֻ΢Ц
ʦҰɣ䷢ɣ
ٵȵȿɣ
ϺкעؿһַһƤһԵˡ
ϷСɳˣһҩ֭˵ϺеĹգҪȥֹ˵ҪϢҪȥ
Ϻе˼Եڰʾˡ
Сȴ˿Ҳ᲻ֻ̬һľ̬ѣڷﲻֲʣµıֻǵ˼Ĳӣ֮ȥ֮룬۰Ͱ͵ؿ꣬Ѫռ塢˼άꡭ
ԺﴫԱΪֻΪȷǡĵ׵ĹЧʹһһǵĿҰһҲܣǱȥ£֪һ
С̾һλ
Сɳ̽һͷջȻһáá
Сǵɣ
Сһþ첼Ǹ
áЩûУ
ָֻɴţ˵
Сǵûвѽ
˵ʦ˵ﲡòᡭҪС̺šҪȲ衭𣿡
СҡҡͷԽؿСЦˡ
ǺܸмСУЩչԼͲˮ꺮ů湻ĵġ
͸衭ȥ
۾Ҳһۣ˵仰תҪȥ
СǵߣҲȡ
ǡֻع
¡СǴʮˣ
ʮˡ
һ˵ֻѹһ
жˣ
šһһ㡭
پˣ
ûûСֻ𡣡
Сǵͷ˵ԭһġ
ٿСеĳ࣬ͷۣŨüöׯʵòǳ˵дգﲻţϺĿɫļӣһʣѵõһԴͼᣬ֪Ϊˡ
뵽ԼȥһֱھŻɽʦֵþһֻС񣬴ӲʶΪҲӲԼ
ֻһˡ
һҹˣʱõիѩ̤飬ӴԺ˵Ӱӱһֱռ鲻ȥˡ
ҺӰǧһӵޱߵǧ죬ͷףһƮ˷֮УĹããһȴô֪ǲˣɲûסԼġ
˵ԹԺޡȴ׬ӨӨᣬֻƵƵת
áôˣ
Сеһ仰ְޱߵ˼˻ĿԿ֮£СеֿȻоޱʱߺ
ŵ޳ǸһƬӵͯӣ֮ظޱׯϣǧɲԼоǧ飬ԭΪÿĽʹԼƽ˭֪Ȼ˴ħ˺ˡ
Сգһ۾ګګﲻô
СǿЦҡҡͷ˵ûСûУ㲻ҪҲ£ֻŹȥҡ
Ǿħɣúܡ
һ˵ʱСָһ顣
СҡҡͷȲ֪ǧٱˣֻĵʱãһ¿ͷͷԼأνȥɽ֮ףȥ֮ѣǽǰСУҲԶأ
ôһ룬٣ת룬ϺȻѿԼϣŻٳٲݣÿһҪʱԷЦƺ϶ԼǷǰģֻǱ֪˷ѽúܡ
ôţɰԼ˸ݣߣϺ㲻ߣҾƫƫסˣΪҲǷˣҾƫƫҪҸ㿴ΪҰȥҾƫƫ㿴
СвһԼϰһһֻǲ鷢ŵʵᣬګګιĲ˰ɣ
Сǵû¡ЦһСеϷ˵Ҳ𣿡
ͷѽ
ģѹһ㲡ҲûУȥ˵Һúõģߣѽҳˡ
ɡСкðŽͰ͵صǺѽһҲǱᡭ𣿡
֣С˵Ȼϰߣ̶ִġ
ʲôϵһĳ𣿡
ǡСиͷ˵Ҳǡ
СЦһϷɻ˵ЩʲôûУ
СɮС˵ǹﲡˣҪˡô
Сһ£޷޵㿴ôҾ֪ߣһοǶԲסѣҽģߣûôף˵Щתȥ
ǺҡɲҡԼ˵ɣ
ô
ǡСŵҲҡһҾ˵
СһЦ֪ˣæȥɣ
СеͷתȴֻعڨڨģлҪ˵ģ
Сǵôʲôô
ǡС˵ʦ֣ҪҴʹá
̶仰ȴ˵쳣˵˺ʮСһݣӼҴȥˡ
С΢΢һЦ֪˵λʦ֣ΪԼ·СУ벻ǻһֱػԼããԶĴĸĸ֮⣬˭ڹԼôһ룬ֱ
ӣģֻúܣȫһ㾢ͷҲ᲻ 







 

  
ʮ¡˫ĿʧȻѰ̼ 

ɽƮ˰ããƬÿʱҲһĽҪ
Сվ˸ⲽ
͸ããһֿбߵһɫ磬߹ȥһ㿴Ȼֻýһɲסһģһ
ӭӰէֳ˳ƺиߴӰ
Сһʦٴһʱһ
ƺеĺȻ֣Ȼйأһٷ𡱣Ӵƫе÷СϣһѰ
ţǰһһУѰСӱٵѻص˷С
Сǲʤصôˣ
Ϻһذŵϣɫǳء
Сһ˼ĪĲˣ漴һ˫Ի۾Է
ʱҪ˵ľɶˡ
˵ʱϺеһֻ֣ѿСǵϣͬʱ˫Ŀϣ漴ĬĬ˼
С֮£ɲȻһϻĶˣһֻӡ
ƺл۾һ̾ȻĶ˷ˣĿǰȻ΢ǵײӡĸоΣ
Сҡҡͷ˵ûʲôֻʦܾȾô
Ϻкһɣұصľǡ
漴վһԷеȥϵǸҩӸȥ
СдӦһæɱȥ
ƺпСǣЦǰҾͷ죬ܻᲡȻϵҹҽҩȥˣ
Сҡҡͷȴͷתһߡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲôֻ
͹ֲˡϺе͵һӷ𡱣ҩ֭ҿĵƣ书ЧȻܽϵ޶ӻĶԷȴӦþЧƫƫ㲻ڶԷɾ鷳ˡ
һ˵ϺֻƵƵҡͷ̾Ϣѡ
СעϺУ֮£ģϾһĨ΢ЦЦ
ʦǾɡ
ˮ˳۽˳ģȴƽ
Ĳˣģ˰ɣ
ƺһЦ˵һţӷ𣬹԰꣬оȡ֮ȻҵڣһаΣҸˣɲ
˵ʱСҩӴҴҽϺнӹѡ˼飬¯󣬿
תСǣȻ̾һ
֪Ĵ治ԹҳٳٲΪ˵ʵ޷˵ǳģ´ƺתԺ˵ɣ
Сصô˵ʦһʼڷңѹûҪңǣ
ӷ𣡡Ϻе˲ڿ㳾ԵδȷǷˣ۹ǴпΪ
Сص۹⡭ߺߡʦβɴ˵ŲҪҡ
һֱΪˣ벻ȻҲƭҡ
˵۾һ죬Ȫӿ
ӷ𣡡ϺһεһţǸ֮ˣô˵ЩͿˣ
Сûѻ˵꣬ͷתһߣٴֻͷʣԳ鴤ؿ
Ů˵Ŀޣȷ൱Сǽ֮ȷͬ飬Ϻʼ֮ˣ£֮У˫ѹ֮£ĸ̬֮չЩ⡣
Ǹߣŷ¾һֻ֮·֮󣬶֮ǰһιʱ䣬ȴǧٹ֣в˼֮չһòݻ˶ʤ죬޿֮£ΪһҲΪνĶܸԼˣıȴǲٳԼУҪͼҽ֪޿κ֮¡
ϺµľԣΪȷȷʵʵǸ֮ˡ
ٷްӷ𣡡
֮£ϺҲֻܼ󷨱һ󳪣ʱȷʵޱȵȷȥ壬ʡ֮
ֻһȴСϣδܲԤڵЧȻתԲһ˫۾ʦʦ
Сǵս£Ϻбͻľٶһ
ô
ûСûʲô
ԭѾӣȴ
Ϻʶؾ˲̽ȥ׽סţָֻⷽԷļСȴŲ˿
Һܺãûʲô
˵ְת棬ڶֻһ˫۾ԼŵޱȻ̿ȴţһΪİֲ
Ϻګګصʲôطô
Ϻ˵ʱֻСɮ˫ֶһڵҩ֭սսıƵ˽
ҩҩˡ
Ϻнӹעһ¡
Ϻȥˡ
ǣʦ
ʮΪݣȥ
ϺעСһ̾ҩȥɣ
ʲôҩȥô
ˮ˫۾˳СĪ˸УȷʵʹóϺдơ
ƺеҩΪĲɱɽζҩȡ£ֹ϶ɢһ֮̾ż˵жأ˳֮ơ֪£ܽ˶ߣȴ֮⣬һ˻д͡ƫƫĶйڡıýټֻ֮ȴԴһδܳģ˵˴Ϊ̾ϢΣĵȫʹжԣݻɣȰҩ֭ȥкôġ
ôСЦúģΪѾ̫ˡ
Ϻʱ˫۾鲻Խᡣ
Ϻһţӷ𣬹ﻹȥĺá
СҡҡͷصѾ̫ˡ
Ϻһ£Ϊʲô
ΪĶѷˡ
仰ǳС֮ڣһ˵ﴫ࣬һݺȣ٣һӰԳŵƮ롣
ɿֱһ㣬쵽ݽޡ
ϺСһഴһ
Ȼ϶ڵҩ֭ȴ˿ްٵŲһƮĳ߿⡣
ʲôˣ
ڣȴѾˣԭϵõġ
һĹĸͷһɫ£Сϸϸһ䣬쳣Ľʵ
һͷ˦ǰϽɫĳ񻨣ˬʣ˵һӣ彣ǰŮӷ緶
㣿
Ц̵صϺм治ǲҵġ
ϵСǺ
㣬㡭
һСǰ߱ܵһ
ƺֻΪͼҪӺСǣسһ桰
طһ硢ֱϮȥ
ѷ˶ԷϺдһ֣⧳ٵһơ
˫Ӵ֮£һҵ𺳡
ϺйȻǸ߹ֻʩչֻһ磬ȴǳʵԣӴ֮£Ȼȴ𺳣ʮ־ˡ
Ϻһ磬ûа˻ˣ֪Է鲻Ǻ룬˶С˺߳һ󵨣
ڶδ̧֣
Цһ𼱡
Ϻѽסӷ𡪡һ˫ϸ۾տտֱԷţֻвԣѡ
ǷˣüĿֻȴҲвŭ֮һ档ﵱȻ֪ϺеҲ֪Լĵ֡
ʵҲǺ˭ģϺӣ
ʦǸѽҿɲܵģʲôһѽ
ƺô˵뵽ԼȷʵЩʧ֮ˣüƵգɲסһţӷ𣬹Ǵٺ١ȴ֪ǷƵأݲԴأ
һֻǰһЦһ˵һ㵹ȷҵˣҲ÷ָػ΢ͣһ˫ϵСһۣؿϺУʦһʤ߼ҿ˵ģѵΪҲӦô
Ϻ֮£ɫ͡
ޡ١𡪡˻ǵ棿
ҴӲ˵ѡ˵ţСǡ
СЦһû¡òžҡҺܺá
ﺬ΢Ĳһ˵شͷ
ĺܺã
Ϭ۹⣬ر
ҡܺá
Сȴƫͷܿ˶ԷĿ⡣
һƺ˵ʦӦָ֪ѩɽõĴС鵤֮ǽ֮һҲһҽҪ࡭
ӷ𡣡Ϻ˫ֺʮصȻԮ־ĸмֻȴҪ̽жᡣϺҽ߳ΪҽС;ݺԲŻдһ˵
Ȼг΢΢һЦ˺һ
Ϻ漴ǰ̽һ֣СȥСٿһգ

һʱ䣬ʳ漴ͷʦллĺģֻ̫ˣˡ
ϺһôΪʲôҪô˵Īǡ
һԵķ̾һϺѵؿô
λһһ䣬ϺŪͿˡ
һЦ۾Ϲˡ
ñһףϺлΪ֮һ𣺡
ƾԭͿƫƫţΪԼǻ֮£򲻻ᷢ˿٣ȴûϵȻѵصز
̧ͷ
ϺоȻһĽңϣ²Ĳġ
ȻСգһ˫۾ֵĿ񣬾Ȼǰ͡
ԼϣϺбԶ϶˫۾ѾϹˡ
ӷ𡪡ϺеһӶΪ֮
ת㡭
ϺвżҲΪ̫٣ˣһ̫ܲ㣬ֻǡ
۽Ŵ͵￴һۣȴҪǲǿϺˡ
СҡһͷΪҷ£Ѿ˵ˣ
˵ʱһֻ֣Ȼѹϣ͸һڳֲƫеؾѹ˽ϣٶʹϺԳһ
ޡ١һ𡪡ϺüƵգɲܡ
ص˵ģġ
һ˵ߵСߣȻ֣̽СϿȥ
ǣСȴϵԷдһ֣Ķȷ졣
ַ̽һ룬ֻáǺॡУһںĳԽﳸ˳
һִǳ⣬˿
ȴֻСǺὣ֣Բ˫۵ǲҪҡƼˣҿɾ͹ܲ࣬Ҿǿ
ӷ𣬡Ϻг̾һֺοࣿ
Ȼ𷨸֪ȥδǰһȴҲЩ֪롣
Ͳˡ̾Ϣһţ
Сһɫ԰ףֻֽͣ΢΢Ų˿ˣһ뵽˫Ϲʹܻȥʲô˼
˸Ľ֣ʾһĵԥ
кὣһͷֻԹżΩһ˵һ֣ҲҲѼˡ
ܻôһĲģǵ򲻵ѵľأǲԸѪ£ԼԼָǺεȵĲףѣѣѣ
һսСڻطϵĳأһֵΣ˭Ҳ׼
Цһ㻹ɵҪѰɣţһϹӣҲǿ
һϹӡ仰˵úɣñһѼ⵶ǰζ
Сԭѿ֮£Ҳܲס˫һ˹ȥһڳǺॡһڵϣӻȥ

ϺΪ֮һ
ޡ١𡪡תصΪֺ࣬αѩϼ˪ôһ񲻸ô
һԵǰȰСʧڵϵǿڳʰ𣬲ڣڼϣתƺС
Ϻһŵӷ𣬹ʩְɣֻ¾ˡ
һ̾Щ޿κΡ
ԴСʯһս֮˫ǷΪʵ˵СǵǿԲ֣Ӳ£ɷϣѾĸ飬޲ܾٽɱµͷȴ²֣죬ҲͬĲۼ
һɲǵս˽붾ʵֻҪתһߣǸɴƬ̣ȻȻһƫƫԼȴʱ򣬴ʱ˿̣Ҫ˵תһߣƬ̣Ҳʹ֮С
ʦæɣ
ƺӦһǰһȻʹļˣչѩСиԼһаΣȻϺгеСи̣ϺеһԹˣοʴȣϾ;в֮ġ
Ȼ书Ϸ̸߳࣬ҽһȴҳǿΪָѩɽ÷µһҽ֮ƣýټ֮ⷽ棬ԼʵڳѲǿˡ
ֻܽǡ˵仰ϺüƵգˡ
ʱѰСǰõ˯ãһȡרΪ˴׼ġ߱ⶾ衱ŽСǴڡ
߱ⶾ裬һζҩȷмʢֻҩЧͨȴǼ߼ϡһηǴľģŴζҩ
ӷ𣡡Ϻګګ߱ⶾôͺˡ˵֮䣬СǸڹֱ죬Ȼҩͨ
ͺˣͺˡ
Ϻһ˵˺üͺˡΪʹСǿЩתɴ̽һ֣Сǲ֮䣬һɴעڡ
ԭҲôмˣֱһԾۡ
ֻǶ̶̵һʱ䣬Сǵɫɲ԰׽Ѫɫ
ӷ𡪡ޡ١𡪡գգ
ϺмֱϲɫֻΪ󹦸ɡ
ȴûôֹۣЦʦұ˹磬ֻ¡ֻ¡
ƺеô
һЦֻ£Թϣһ˫۾͡
ԻжϣΪȻС˶ڳһ֮Сת˫ۡ
Ϻϲΰصô۾ɿˣ
С֮£΢΢һ㵣ƺξ֮УֻصʵһĨҳϣˮ˳
ѺԣȻ
Ϻмˡ
⡱漴ǰӣһ֮
΢٣ϺеһֻƣѾСв£ĶƣѰޱ޹Է֮ڻ롣
ɳȻСǽӴ֮£϶һս΢Ѫɫϣǵͨ죬ɲס
ƺڵСǵ˫Ŀʧ鼱֮£ϧʩչĴڶԷڵ඾տʮǱޣͬ죬ʩ֮£СǶʱͨȴеһƬɫ̣ȽȽɢ
Ϻһٷ𡱣Ϊ󹦸ɣŰѼӸСϵֻ˻
ȴ΢̾һ̫ˣҸղѾ˵ˣϣҪɾˡ
ƺתСעƬ̣Ϊʧ̾һȻ
Сǳرֵú򶨡
ʦ㣬лˣⶼˡ̾һ˸е˵ҲעģôһʲôҲˣÿרһطˣʦ˵ǣ
ƺи߸ߵһӷ𡱣ɫȻصﲻػģҲûлزλ֮跨ɣ
СҡҡͷЦһ£תһԵķ㣬㿴ҵ۾оô
һԵ֣סš
áҽ֪䲻丸֮ͨ񣬵ǼѧԨԴȴҲ൱衣
Ƭ̳Ĭ֮󣬷ɿ֡
ϺһŵΣ
̾һ˵ҿѽĿͫ
ϺеֻҪѨϣоȡ
漴̽סСǵϸһͷ黹㵽ɾҩĵز
һ˵ָһָʾﵽ˵
δ֮ǰǶСǻ൱⣬ֻĿһ֮һ鲻ԽΪ֮Ͼ˫̸ʲôŭСΪƣĳңţ³ѹο䵽ǰⲽأʵʹġ
ģʱ뿪и˵شСǵֻҪһϣ൱
˵ţȡһµССҩƿеźɫҩ裬Сǵȥ
ƺ̽ͷ˿ͷžǹŵġⶾˣ
΢΢һЦҼҵʲô£ʦ㶼˼ҴɷģмӺ⣬Ҳȵˡ
ӷ𣬷˵ﻰģֻСǹƣòҩȻˣҲͷˡ
һ˵潫еҩСϵȥɡ
Сǽӹҩ̷£ȴƺеʦԱƬ̣м仰Ҫ̷ɺã
Ϻд˸Ѷʹãʹá漴ⲽ
Լһ֪ҪЩʲô˵ɣ
Сһ̾ԭǺǣΪʲôң
һͷתһߡ
С̾һҺ㣬ʵҴ˿ң޲ˣȴƫƫ֣Ϊɵʱָһ֪ôȻңҲм㣬ô˵ˣԸô
һЦ˵ΪôΪҪм
Сǵһһ£ĿĵģôΪʲô
صֻǲԸĿġ
СҡҡͷճյصϹֻҪѡһĻԸ˵
΢΢Էһ̾Ϣ㲻κҵ۾ҾԸҲͲسҩˡ
˵仰ʱȻ˸мˣǣȴô棬ʹ÷ﲻҵġ
ʵںԣһ㵹ǸҺ񡣡
Ҳ˼
ҵ˼ǣ㻹ǺúõظһŰɣ
˵κҵ۾ˣ
ҿûô˵
ǡСʧ㡭˵ҵ۾ûϣˣ
ҿûô˵
һ˫۾ֻϧС˫ĿʧᣬҪȻضһ
ŷصȻκ۾ɲñ˾ͲܣҲͲؼˡ
СĮЦţ˵ָѩɽöҽβõĶˣô»˭ҽεˣ
ǿɲһȷ˵˺ֻϽ𼦱ˣ󷢴ȱ͵þˡ
˵Цˡ
˵ģκ£ûзǰᱻΪǲܵģһ֮󣬾ֻᱻΪ˳ˣ˵ǲǣ
һһ䣬̽ˡ
СǺȻݸЦˡ
ȷմȾ˼įıʣԽӵͬ˵ķ㲻ЩϧңٻôһĶ⡣
ֲǸѩ˹ػȻһ˵ĹСѽ
֪СȫҪҲǻˣֻҵĺȻˡ
ԽСһ˫ССҩϡ
ôȥأȥɾһ˰ˣҲԼѩ֮Ϊˡ
֮ǰϸ󣬺ĸ˽ĽȻϺеһ˫ۣʵֹϺأֻҪСȥ֮󣬾Ҳ޷ôȻǣСǵ۾һһƽҪڴ̱
ôġɵоȻǰһжΪҪõѩǸĿˡΪ˵õˣֶΣ²ߣİֻܿԼһеĳֻб˴˫ߵΪ֮Ҫˣôµ
С˫Ŀʧ͸Է沿飬ǰ˵һ΢˼ά
ڶһսڹѡʵ·¸ҵػȥ
صĺɫҩ裬εֱת̾һֻ֣ҩŽ
Ȼһֻ֣磬һץסӡ
š
ôˣСǾһ
ֱϵΣһ䣬ǿô˸Ȼˮ
ҩҲ㲻̫ʺϡ
˵仰Сҩȡ˻ҲһֶȽʺһЩ
СȻ֪Էһ仯Īؾӹһɲɱ١
ãȻ޴ӵʶѽӴڶθĻҩ
ȥɡǸε
˵˼仯˲Ϣ䣬ҮҮֻںƬһ֮䡣
ΪǰһĶһƱΪһս֮󣬷ＸǰСǡ
ۿСǰⶾ֮ʶΪ֮һ
С˵һллֵҩô
ͷ飬ǡ
ô
˵ֻ²κ۾
Сǵɫ԰ס
֮һЦŵһʧȥ۾ˣδӽôȥĲ롭롭
òҪȥùһЩ
˵úס
һ䣬СմᣬͷӨˮε򳾰
㡣Ȼ̧ͷһ仰Ҫ㡣
ͷʡ
СƬ̣ڶءɺã
һ£ͷá
֪Ľ
֪һ㡣

һҪ֪
ҡ֪һ¡
ðɣҲ޷㡣˵ָѩɽ͡
СǴһ£ճյЦЦָѩɽ㡭˵סָѩɽ
ǡ˵ҵĿˣʱסҼҡ
ޡ֪ˡ
һüͷΪʲôҪЩ
ҡСǿЦţҡһͷҪ˵˼ֻ⴫ϺеһӷĿԽô
Сǵͷʦ㡣
ŷƺ롣
ѷ˽õⶾ֮ڣԽ඾ȫɾʦģһķչһãҲͷĵȥˡ
ƺеִһѶޡ١𡪡Ҫô
ˡʧ㡪
˵꣬һԵСһۣͷǴˣܲͿɡ
Ȼ̾һȥصɽڣûգ˵۾ѾΪΪߺߡܾܲȥѰɣ
Сҡҡͷ˵ģҾٴͷ㡢㡭лл㣡
˵á漴ת
һ֮⣬ƺȴ
վס˽ţʦʲô¹ô
ƺվסŲ͵һӷ𡱲ŵ﷽˵֮ģ
һ仰
й˫Ŀʧ֮£滹ҽθԭ֮ϣ
Ҫˡ
˵仰ǰС
һδϺеĺ֮
վվסˣȴŲͣʦιੲݣһأ
ӷ𣡡˵Īûп֮ʵǽ˫Ŀٷްӷ𡭡
һ˵˵⻹ʲôҵûп
˵ţԻعһ˫ڰ׷۾ֻڴϴת
ƺګګܿĲɱʧ۾ضˡ
ôһ˵ﵱȻˡ
ٿظһƬƣ΢΢һ£ҡҡͷʦڸҴգҿǲ˵ҲΪ
ƺգաޥʣв֮·վãԤ֪֮ܣԲδؾ⣬ǿ󲻵ã㻹Ҫ˼вǡ
һӴ죬Ȼüһŭ˵㡭Ϻ㾡ԸֹЩʲôҿһҲˡ
˵ߣٿչ֮ѵ֮ۡ
ϺԭŲȴ벻ﾹѡȥ·ȻҲֻṦ֮ˣſʩչ
ǴֱȥģããƼƽţڱڼһٴ½١
Сųƺʵô
Ϻеˡ
Сһ̾˵һˡǰ
Ϻеÿһ˵ڵ֪֮ʱнƣ˽֮ʱҲ͹˲û˱ˣλ͵һˡ
СǵΣ￴ңΪζˣⷬҸмڶξˡ
ƺŷţӷ𡪡漴˵ﲻҪ̫࣬Ǿʱˡ
С΢Цһ£˫δϹʵȴӵ۾ųƺС
ʦ֮νӦ
Ȼţô뵽дһʣ
Ϊ뵽ҵ۾૵˵˭˵ⲻү˼ղҺȻ뵽ҲǷ飬ҪϹġ
Ϊʲô
ΪҪҰ·Ҳ
ޡ١𡪡Ϻסš
СǵôһʦܲҪ뿪ˡܺİһϹ
Ϻ૵صӷ𣬹̫ˣȾҪ֮£ݺ̸Ҳ١
СǿЦһ£ʦѵҲΪ˫۾оȣ
ȻоȣĿһˣܹԮ֣˫۾ʹϣ
Сɫһ˭
Ϻһӷ𣬡ʱҲ˵ƣݺ֪иˡ
Сǵʦȥô
ƺе²˳٣֮ڣҾͻԻչˣÿշҩȻɼϣ֪϶ȥһ˫Ŀڵ඾ȴȻ棬˿ڹѹԼҩʹ֮ɢһȴҲɹڴ⡣
Сǵͷ˵֪ˣʦȥɣȻϣ˭ϣϹӣֻͶʦȴвǷеˡ
ƺе˵ﻰҪ˼룬ˡ
СͻȻһ£˵ʦ
ƺվסﻹʲôգ
СǳճյصشȻͣҡҡͷ˵ˡʦɣ
ƺеͷ̾һһţת
СֻȻںıϣ鴤ſˡ
ǵͷĺѻһСط氿裬šɡĽɫһֳֻҰɫ˵ģһͷҲѹȥˡ
СƺԽԽģԴ֮Ѳ֪޹ˣȴûκһΣôʹģǧᣬ˭ߣֻýӶϳԷй޵ĵꡣ
˴Ⱥѻڻ󺮷磬ڴ˺Хȥֽʱſֺϣ˿תﾭֽһʱεƺˡ
С˷ɵԴԶ˹է龰һ
Ų˹
ͨһóȻƿţ˽ȥ
ѽѽ
ؽţһʱ㵸ֻ̧ץЩľ̵ֽţ
СиáۡУһææѽ
Ȼ뵽˷ɴ洵ģæ˹ȥ˴һ²Űˡ
Сһֻ÷ﰵúܣϿɾϳĿɾͿ˴ϵСǣʱɵסˡ
á㡭ôѽӷ𡭡㲻Ҫ
СǸû޴Ӵ
СȰ˺üԷͲ漱ˣҲŮбǰ־ȥСǺشӴеȥ
Смֱɵˡ
áҲˣһ鴤ŵ㲻Ҫ
Сʦ
رסǰСУϣĵؿˡ
СǴˣáá𡭡ޡô£㵹˵˵ѽ
أ޵СˣֻһûһСмϳ鴤š
СҲĪֻǵᣬȴԼʪһ飬ģʲôУΪʲô
ȫŰСǵӰᵽ˴ϡ
ذһƬСȥ˵ơ
ƹէŷˣ˸ĹӰ쳣Ĳ԰ף͵մ۵ɢһͷҷ
󡭡㡭
֮Сǲųطһ̾ϢСʦңղֻܣһҲͺˡʦأ
˼ɽˣôȥסʦȥ
ȥû¡Ƿվˡ
ûУֻǰúܣӰ˳ɶҪѩˡ
СǵͷǰƣСߵһӣޣæţָ
Смɵˡ
á۾
Ϲˡ
ϹˣСڴ򶶣ô£ôᡭ
Сҡҡͷ˵ȥɣҪһ˾һ
СŶ˵ǡת
ˮС˫۾ʳ
ŷԴ龰ű˴˵ÿһ仰
˵һ仰ɽڣûգ˵۾ѾΪΪߺߡܾܲȥѰɣ
仰ﵱʱ˵ʱСʹͷϣδע⣬ʱЩѰ֮ؼΪΪһ仰ϡ
ô˵ΪΪأﲻţѵָǹء
鲻Խ뵽˹ѩɲסΪ֮һ񣺡ѵ˵֮䡭ûл֮ԼֻԼһɣ
ͷȻһһյƣسںڰĿȷʵʹΪ֮𾪣һʱΪ֮
ֻⷬ飬ֻ̾˼̵һűһǵı亮⣬ظŴǰ˵ļ顣
뵽۾
ǹѩûңܣܡ
ο˵Ա֮£һθеʧ뵽ʹԨ
⺮أԼţʱгϵġоޱȵ䣬ľ㺮䡭 







 

  
ʮ¡Ϊ˿۽ѻ 

ƾ
ֻǼ˸ǣĹ⣬˸ŵɽۣ֮Ҳ
ǹѩָѩɽĵʮ죬Ҳǵʮĸҹ
żˣʹϲķ˶ջ
ҹǰصϹ¬֮ʣʵڳеĸмԵľ塣
һ̫ˣֱ޴ӽͣ˼ȻоⷬͶ飬ɽʵϣλԼĴˣ˽֮٣ȷʵиһ˽ıҪ
úܿ졣¬һ˫ȴʵʧ۾ûʲôٴڸˡ
һ£ֵʮѰʮĵãͳͳڸ㡭Ȼѧֻһַһĵãǣ㹻ˡֻҪŬڽѭڸķϰУߺߡʮ֮ڣҸ˵£Ҳҳһĵ֣ϣŬ㣬Ҫʧźá
֪֪
¬ʾǰδõұ֤Щʲôҵ۾ȻϹˣҵȴϹԴͷһؼ㣬㽻̸֮Ҿ֪ǸŵùˣҪȻҲ˼ʮѧĵͳͳڸ㡣
΢Цһ£Եôɣ㻹֪ҶڰȷʵѿϸÿҴڸһµĶҶڰй۲ķӦ֮㲻ܴﵽԤڵҪķӦҲ;ֹͣıԡң㲢ûҸеʧ̫ˡ뵽ʲô
ѩһɨƵĳȻֵ˿ӣҲǸˡ
ʵڲ²ѵҪΪͽ
¬һЦҡҡͷҲǿѣѾ˵ˣŵĵˣİΪʦȴʸΪҵϥӣԺ͸Ŀڳƺһ⵹ʹá
ѩƽ˶Է˴ĶݣȲܰΪʦϲ֪Ϊôһ˵Ȼġ
²ԥһڴӦ漴˴񣬿ڻһ¬ľһԲֻĬĬصһͷ˶Էĳƺ
ѩߵ˸ͷվ
¬ĵţһҪ͸㡣
һ˵̽ڣŵ죬ȡ˳ҳ̵һڻα
Լȡ˾ѿơ
ԭһڴƵü߽ĵıУʣֳͨһƬɫβ֮ϸϸԲϣʸһİ֮һ֮ϣʹ˶Ҳ䣬̿ڴкɫʵİťƻɣһȷǹ˼֮
¬ȡ֣ипעŵ˵ԭʦ֮ҲһˡЦǣҳϾʱϰǲ⣬ٵвɱһλҲδйҲŵһչ͸㣬ȨǼɡ
ѩһ£˫ֽӹַֻᣬŵǼΪ污漴鿪ʱǰչֳһ磬߰˸ѣֻз죬İȥһɫǳǳӡۣϤ֪Դ̵֪֮䣬ȷʵúܡ
¬ĵ㲻ҪСϤڸЩ֮ټã֪˵ԻҵŲСʱһ㵶⣬֮ܣѰмֱмܣΪҲرҪԸСʹã㵱Ȼ׵ˡ
ѩһӦţ漴ڶ̵֮ڣֻһϵοʮ֣ʹʱֻһ̽󼴳Ϊ㡣
֮䣬ô˺ˣ¬ĳֿصл
ȴ¬һͷԻȥˡҲǵԵֱڴˣʱ򣬴Ҳûмˡ
ѩһ˼
ɵӣܳסĵطȻһЦ½ͩŪɽϣȴȫҼʮδ˵һԸԭΣҪô㣬Ӧǵʱˡ
ѩ𾪵һû˵
¬ĵ˸ãҲı䲻٣Ѳȥôԣһ棬Ҳδ֪ҪôˣȴҪһԲ߲źá
ѩͷ֪
¬ĵ£һӲʣҲδ͸¶ʲôһμĸ꣬ұ㲻ܲʣ絨ʩԶ֣ұĲ
ѩҲصزȴλ½ǰĪǸ֮֮ô
¬ʱֳһֲȻʹ飬͵͵̾Ϣһҡҡͷþδһԡ
ⷬ飬ʹѩԷȷ֮ʱдһʡ
ָһ¬ĲſЦһ˵ĸǱã⵹׵ġ
Ļ㲻˵ȥˡ
ѩţȴҲֻڶ¬ȴΪѩһʻ޸пŰ׾ݵϣʱĺһһ޷ȴޱźǲӿ֪ˡ
ⷬ飬ѩԽӺдһʣҲٶȥʱǡ
¬ĺȻЦһԵ֣ʱ͵Ϊֹˣ󲻱ˣر¹ʣԻѰ㣬ȥɣѩĬĬص˵ͷʮ˴ദ¬ȷʵûаԼˣʮز书ĵãƵڡ壬ֱΪʱ뵽δټ֮ʱϲ֪Ǻ£δһЩ֮顣һʱֻܿ¬ķ²ƶ֮⡣
¬һ˫۾䲻ܼĸдȴ쳣ĵľӨ͸ޣһȣ㳣˾š
ʱһЦ̾һһĻ飬ǻ£ֻ£ѶϣҪסҪϣһȥ˺ɾʳˡŮ֮飬ӦСģмǣмǣ
δ仰ижˡ
ѩﶯһӦǣԷݱ˳
¥⣬ֻﺮ쬣һˣ
ɫ쳣ĺڣѩȴܸоͿҪˣصסһѰ
˺һӹ򣬲ʱ΢΢ֳһЩɫʱ֡
ѩ齣ȴˡƣߵǱˡ
ƺˡ
Ǳô
˵ţǰƴ顣
ſ⾲ĵأûһӰȻ΢˳϶Ŷ롣
ѩ⼸̿ѴнչһԣһַһֱϮͬʱӲأˢһѰŻסˣ˶Ŷ롣
ЦһȻδܵóѡ˵ãʹڹѩ˽ȵı֮£硣
ˢһȻ
֮죬ֱݽޣһࡱһ󼲷磬ѷݼ
ѩôȻδܽס˶Էаһ
ȴҲǿĸԣЦһŵϮŶԷƣȥ
һζԷӿˣڹѩȶ˵֮£òֳԭΡ
ѩֻ˲⣬ԱԷһ£ֶԡơʽֱ˹ȥ
һҪʵˣǶԷС֡ĹҲǳܲסȻðʧ
ѩһƻһ룬ŷԷȹƮ̬Ȼλ͡ǱӰˣǼΪϤһλˣһͿ³;һա
Էֲƣưӿת֮䣬߳߿⡣
ࡣ
˫Ӵ֮£ƾУ֮䣬ԻΪΡ
֮£ռգüĿ壬ܶǱǷ
ѩ𻺻ص˵ͷֲȻصԭ㣬
ôӭ
ŮͶ֮䣬޲̬ˡﳤ˦һƬƲʣƮƮ󣬳β˫ͫšɺãЦ̣ôصһ䡰ӭش
ѩȷЩľȣɽôˣֻżڶ档
΢Цţһͷ˵ӭ֣ȴֲڣֻ˵תԽǰ
ǰӰﾹȺһ顣
첻ĹǽöˡƺشҪǴһĵأ
ѩ΢΢Цһ£ΪԷ仰֮ʣԼĻǣڸѧֻ֣̽Ϊȱһӡ֤书Ķ֣Ե׽˶٣Ǹûнлд֤ʵڷȻô˵Ȼǿ϶ˡ
ܾòˣǴأ
ҡգһ۾أ
ƺÿһŮӶϲ˼ģû˵飬ޱ߼ʵգʮ֮˾żֱ޴Ӳ
ѩ΢΢һЦҡҡͷʾ²
ǳǳһЦ㵱Ȼ²˵ȥһһɣȥС
ѩȻΪ֮һ㵡
󡭡Сǣ˵
ĬĬصһͷһ˫β˫ͫգҲգһµԷעš
벻ɣ
ȷû뵽ѩĽɺã
ҡҡͷѩʱɫһ
̬ⷬڷȷĲζȴƫƫ溬΢Цµؾһɢǰļ˿
ô֪ϸΣ
ѩͷ˵֪ˡϵ޶ˡ鲻ԽҡҡͷЦŷһ̾Ϣ
Ϭһ¾ˡ
أ˲Ҳ˲Էעţ΢ЦֻЦùֵֹģһ˷ѽģ
Ҫô
ôҪˡ
ֻǣѩɫԷţҲ㾹Թۣ
һЦЦΪʲôֲԹۣѵһҪܣ
ѩ˫üһȴֻظԭ״
֣˵ˡ
ѩһۣҡҡͷԼڸԼ˵㲻ˡ
Ҿ͡
ô
ϣأԴ΢΢Ц
ҾͿˡ
һϵЦٿΪ֮ʧ͵λվⲽ
ӷߵǰȴվסѰϵĶȥɾˣӦ÷˰ɣ
һ˵ٿػعͷ۾ｻ֯ŵĹ棬УֱҪ˹ѩͷ
ڷͻı仯ѩһʱסˣʵûϵԷȻͻȻǿҵķӦʹǣȻر¶ĸ顣
һֱʵİ͸һ˫۾ԥش˶Է
ѩһʧ֮ڻָ򶨣ȴھŸԼһּӦĸףԼдԼȥˡ
ŷжʱֳĬĺá
ﻺعӣô˵
Ҫ˵ʲôѩԿЦ漴۾һߡ
Ȼ⹦һǿУҲʹηǰ漰ĶŮ˽ȴһ㾭ҲûУν֮£ֱе㺦¡
µ񣬺ܿؽӴһ˫Ů˵Ľšһ˫ѩıССѥ
һ̧ͷǰվԼǰ
ԭһֱûǲǣ
ҡѩĪ
Ȼסȴһֱûҡķݶ
ôҪǿĸԣȻҲŲȥˣ˵˵ˡ
롭ˡȺȱɡ
ѩȥ衣
ֲӵůҪ𣬼б̽һְֻסˡ
һסն˵ҲʣҪȲԼᵹͶݡ
ѩֻջ֣ڲòֽӴ˫½Ӵ۾
˫ĵĴ۾ִԲڹһˮԷâ¶
ðɡڸǰѻ˵ʱˡ
ֻôһĿǽŵһѼѩþǵ潻֮䡣˵ġԹޡʡһԶģȫǰ¶š
ѩֻһֱǷοɾͱˡ
Ҫ˵ɲûиʲô£ӱŤֻ࣬˶ڻãΪǷˡ
·ͼܣվǣҲǣҡͷͷǡΪˡ
ô˵
Ҫ˵ЩʲôѩȻվҴҵһߡ
˵˹ȥ˵㵽ϲ˭ɣ
൱󵨵һ仰ѩ֮£ɲסΪ֮һէ֮£е㲻ԼĶ䡣
תֱֱض˵ʲô
ʵֻ㣬ҺСˣ㵽ϲ˭
˵˵ţȻ˻ˮͻضŵһ˫۾ȴ˲Ҳ˲ֱŹѩϣƵʮֵ档
ѩһЦΪʲôһҪش𡭡Щοߡ
˵ʲô
οҸû⡣
˵仰תֻصԭ
һվ﷢㶣ֻҧ´ڸԼƵģϰһһ
УøҡھҪ롣
ָ˹ȥȻǰǸƣֱֻǰأֱǺˣǵҪԷ²ɡ
ѩһҼˡ
Ҫҡ˵Щʲôأ
һ˫۾̧վԼǰ֮ɫˣŮҲǾȹԼĶˡ˷ǲľ˭飿ӲҪ˵ǿǽ֮ԣΥ֮ˣʵ۾ﺬŵĹʣѰĸ鴫ݹȥȻⲢʾСǡ
ֻǣԷ˵ȴǲģҪһᶨƵĳŵһȫԼռĸ顣
ô˵Ȼ̾һ㾹Ȼôԡڣˡ
Ҳٱˡ
һ˵ճյǰԼůﵹһ衣ٱʱ򣬲žֻڶĲˮЩЦŷֻֻֽӣҡ꣬ȷǿúܡ
ţ˵ţעűĲ裬һӣһûаһˣҪеĻǵһǣҵúܣȴȱһ
˵Ͱӱ˹ȴ߸óһССɰ
ԼģɱЦһֱø㡪
ص˹ȥȴȻͷֱѩӹȥ̧֮۾
ѩһᶯ˶Ҳȫ֪飬ֻƽûܹ꣬ǰķеӰӣһ飬ǰҲûÿһ񲻰Ҳûһͷǰ겻
㣬Ǻοࣿ
һ䣬ѹ˴ǦǸɰǳԷһ˫֣ƵñĲãɫ黨ƬȥǱºÿټ˿ӣȷǲ䷲ס
ɰﻹװһЩճĶǽóµĸҩǧ͡ԼܽٶĲͬҩƷÿһþ²ͬʽССƿװšҩ³Ϊһ·벻һȴ࣬һ߽Σʿѩ֮˵׿˽飬ֻЩҩıֵ˵
ŹѩϲҲЦ⡣
ЩƽСղصģǧҩ˵ҵҲѲƣʣΪޣҪҲҪأ
ѩⲻȥҪ˻ﵱȻϣȻһؽ˵ŸҩĲͬ÷ϸϸ˵ϸϸżӴ۲š޲¡⣬龰ǡˡ˼ˡ
˵ˣֻ۾ԾضԿš
һƬԹѩϣæ԰ĿƿˣסѪڣȫòơ

ص̾˿վ˰תһ˫ӣҲƵ
Һãѩǲ֪顭պֻ֮ʱգΪҲֵãκԹԡ
Ϊ֮һӣȴԷҵĿıӣߴشͷ
ѩ⼸仰ȻǷθ֮ԣֻǷϸ֮˼˵ϧΪԷһȴܹЧڷɡֻǷһʱȴ
ЩϲãʱԹ¼ɣһԶΪ֮ʧֻǹ޵𡭡
仰͡ˡ˭ҪȥţЦ̵صԺ֪֡ˣҸˡ
ѩ벻Լһ仰ʹ˿ģԭΪֽҪ֦ˣȴЩ⡣
кܶ໰Ҫ˵Ȼ˷˵ɵʱ򣬾ͱ뽻òļԷȴȻҪˣ׽ЩʲôһʱֻѾߵǰվסţͷһЦЩӣƻ˰ɣİɣͿˡҵͻ㡭
ѩһϲô
ﻺصͷطɺҪ̸̸ЩʲôҿɾͲ֪ˡ
˵⼸䣬ɾ͸ˣٿת뿪һȥˡ
ѩչӶԷ͵Ǹ黨ɰ澹Ȼжһɫ˿ɫ˿߹ű߶мôɫ˿Щʲô
ѩͬ͡ġ
֣ǹŵһֻഴǩ˿Ʈɢŵһ㣬ѬѬֻõˣȻһֺŮ죬ʮŮ˼ǹѩǰδϼ
Ȼһп˹ѩȴû˿۵ο壬ޱȳصѹȸо
ⷽ˿ǸпǧƵƵҡͷ̾ϢѣսҪ˶Էһ⡭
ΪĵʼһλСǵӰӣӰһֱ޴׷ʲôʱģ֮ȷѿʱεȻҪγ̸ף
ô˵ǱʾûеλˣΪǿҵش飬ʹǰδеţеӦ
֮ʵ֮΢һӢۺܣԽҲֻƾڲ֮һ;һأҪݽˣǴ£û۽ն˿̸ף
վص䷿ţδ⣬ɱǿУɱ˶ˡ
ɫѾһƬӹǰԺϵ֦һգ׷׻ʣԴԶƺ嫸һ˿ƣԶɽ룬أϰѩŲ̵ۡ
֮СˣΪǰ߾̹ؽ־ȴݣⷬ䲻һŶۣȴٱ˴ɷ򵣵ŵµؽܾ⣬ġôһ룬Ȼɣ֮ǰˡ
£ֻЦʳУһ˽ǰ˸๫簡
ѩӣһͰӣһЦǹˣ๫֪
ѩͷ˵
ղǹ˵ᵽ๫š
ѩ˵Щʲô
ȻһЦȴҡҡͷ⡭ҿɲ˵ǡ¾ˡЦһʱٲûҪ๫أ
ѩüһòײŰƲһԣȴԸΪٴˣ֮£΢΢һЦҲͲٶʣֻȴһϸ
˵ģѩȴҲû˼ȥȴһ㣬Ȩδĵʧ 







 

  
ʮ¡٤Ƕȥ 

ҹƺԵر
¹һƬףҶ衣żϮ΢磬ľ˾˼Էϵ񾲸о
һ˼󣬹ѩȥĴ㣬뿪ȥֻºǡ
Ѽĸоۺýʹ˽⵽Ҫʵе̵ģǾǣԼΪͽԼΪԱ̳½ָѩɽĺ书
ƫƫڹѩ˵ԴԳٳδΪʱûг죬һ˵֮󣬾ͲݶԷݴʣǿ֮ԣʱֻճ
ѩ֮£˲ͷһؽ󣬿ǴྶͥԷһƬģʹȻȴ֪ʱһߣ͸ˡ
һ׼漴Ǻֽ˸־䣬ѩǣꡢ¡ա
ƺʲôҲض˵áʱ죬ת֮䣬ָѩɽȻӯ£ΪǰԣĿĵһס£˵ǲڸо˵ȴҲ޿Ƿ֮ڶԷ⣬ȴԵһ£߲ɻΪһ̸
ֻ࣬溮оտڹͦܵס
ᳵ·һٱʱ䣬¬ס¥ǰ漴ͣ½Ųʮÿҹ֮żȻ¬ĽʶȻĸı䡣ʮ֮õĽ棬ͬ죬޿ɱ⣬ν̫ŵľտ书ڶ̶̵ʮ֮ڣ͸¬ĵ촫ڷȫ˿棬ôɣϸϸĥ湦һü䣬ŽԶҲˡ
¬ӵɫʯ¥ѩסһƬ黳˫Ȼûʦͽ֮ȴʦͽ֮ʵҲ¬ϴεľܹѩΪϥӣʦͼзʽʹùѩһھΡ
͵ͺһˡ
漴һݣվ뿪֮ʱϳؾȻ˴¥ڵһ̾ϢǷ¬֮ڣȥôȻȻ˱
仰β֮ǰһź޷г˿һϸӰӣһĨƮٹѩȻʱѻȻǰ¬ıˡ
ѩһûϢô
¬ĵͷ˵ҹշתűʲôҪԭӣҪô
ѩͷ˵ǡЩʹڸǰȴҲڡ
¬һ̾Ҳáҹζ
ѩͷͣһŵʲôҪҴô
¬ҡҡͷֳһĨЦǵûС㸸ĸֻ˵̫¬ʺáҺڣ򽫻м֮Ե
ѩͷ˵ﻰĸ֮רӭ˼ңɽסЩӣҲҶپЩТ
¬֮£ɲס΢΢Цˣѵ㻹ⷬ⣬ҲҶΪɷѿģҿǲˡһʧȥ۾Ҳͬʱʧȥ˿֣ˣѵһֵġѩ֪ܹ㣬̫ŵ书㣬˵Ŀˡ첻ˣһ̰ɣ
ѩ⡭ƫ͡
¬ġߡһ˵ǰͨ½֮ͩҲ£ֻһͲ
ôһ˵ѩɲסΪ֮Ȼһֻ͵͵һ£ȴû뵽ôһ㣬ָѩɽ֮԰֣޾ָ֮սȻΪ½ϸŮ书ˣ˵෸ȻŮʱɽϣټĽò޵ѹͲµ˳룬ǵϳô
ôһ룬ҲͿ⵽ƽƲԲŻ᲻֮ˡ
Ǹҵûдһأֻ˼ҡ
뵽¬˫Ŀʧ뿪ϤסǷж糣ȴ˶ԷԻһ룬ͣס
¬ȴѾֳ֮һĨĿЦ
ǵĲ˵ʵҲһμѵĿգǽ㣬ȴҼġҵ۾
ǡ
ôӦţȴʣôҡ
¬һ̾ˣһֱŰʲӵ󷨸ˣֻҡඨֹۡĹδ֮ǰȴҲҹţһҪʧˣΪڣػȡЦڹȳɣȴҲҲס
ѩͷԭˣֻǸҳȥϵó·ô
¬һ΢Ц˻ش𡪡ȴʵû½ͩ˼ܿܳ½ͩĿкžصķֱһоϰġඨֹۡѾɹһǻǣΪ֮
ɫȻܰǽ£ѩȻܺԷϱ顣
ÿ¬ڰ¬Ľ̵зĳֱ˼û۾¬ĴʼŹ֮󣬾ȻͬĿ۾Ĺѩ֮Ȼв˼Чˡ
߰ɣ
¬ĵͷ˵Ϊжһ㱳ҽϺá
ѩͷã漴ӡ
¬İпȥݵùѩվ֮󣬲Ÿоһ˾磬ʵڳƵȥɲԶˡ
ô¬ľʡ
ѩࡣ
¬΢΢ЦֻҪ㰴̫ڹϰһ꣬Ҳ˳ɾ͡ɣǱ̸߱
ѩӦһ漴ǰС
¬ʵţߵһ·
ѩͨɽһС·ǽΪƧױ˷
ǵһ¬ĺһԽƧ֮ԽзգҼֺξҿߴĺá
ѩӦһתһ̤ͨ
¬ĵֻͨǰɽһСúأһᣬҵҪṦˡ
ѩָ̡
һΣչҵĽܳṦǰ̤
¬ĺһֻṦۣȷʮֳɫˣ沮죬游죬ҶʶǵжȷһŹɫһ
ѩ˵Ĳֻһ㣬ȴѼˡ
Ҫ̵ĵطˡ
ǰһƬƺҹ
¬ֹס˻ͷƺˡ
ѩ˵ô߷
¬ĵȥģ治ʲôġֵνһҪԢڶԢУξ򣬲ܴɡ
ѩô˵ҵО֮ǽӽˣ
¬ĵһһеšš¹ţֻһ֮˵ȴУԭڡǽʹΣ塯˵ˣʵһ׼֮һṦؽܴ
һԾˣѩֻ⼸仰·иԼȻˡ
ˣ¬ĵڶߣһṦΪٴѣҸַ壬Σ罣֮һ죬ٲ֪֮ȻǽṦѣڴСҪʵסУϰһռϣձؽдɡ
ѩεǻۣôһᣬٸ֮ϲãֱ
ǰڴƬ֮Уϱź룬ϣֱǼ̤ںĵ̺֮ϣֱ
ѩȻҹϷ׷һ¹֪׷һƬ֣ĪǾɵˣ
һˣ㼴ֹǰ
¬ļȻͣʹʣѩ֣ЩΪ֮¸֮
¬ĵô˵Ͳൽɽ֮ˣ½ͩס֮ҪǾɾ鷳Ҷǰ֪ٶԲߡ
ѩӦǣ˽֮һб
¬ֻһߵϸţݵùѩ˵꣬صҲٿǰЩʲô̬ô
ôһ˵ѩ𲻽΢һôҲû뵽ʲô¡
漴עشǰƬ֣ҹɫֻһƬɫ֮ᶯҡҷƬӰ֮ԴˣԭǺϺֻ֮һ¬ἰٴζϸϸ۲֮ʱ㱻һЩ
ѩ૵صЩĪǼٵô
ˣǼٵġ
¬гǼٵģվ֮ģĴƬֺΪ֮ˡ
Цһҿ磬٣һ̤ޱġľ󷨡֮ˡ
ѩ֮ѧԭоֻû뵽ѣʱ֮£ϸϸĿƬʱȻ¹֮£֮¶ǳǳһƬɫʣеľԣвһ˼ԼĹڴ⣬¬ἰʧǺľ֮Լ¬֮ܣȻɱףյô£һ½ϸŮǴʧ£
ңȴñ¬ĵҹҿͬһҪȻ¹ʡ
һ٣ҴӸ֮𡪡½ͩСŻһƵãֻǰԶ͸ɫ
ѩ˼ŶԲߡ
¬ȴг߶壬һٲٿ
ѩ𲻼˼֮£ǰһٲվס
·һվоֻߡ䡱ȻһǰԻһ
ֻ֣ǴǷžҹ£ֻһʯСεǰУԶһͤ
ѩ漴ǰһһ¬΢Цˣȵͤȥ
߾벻Զѩһͤǰ
ͤһʯʯһ棬룬ֻ溮Ϯͤڣý
¬ĵ۾ȴܸоڼȻͤӣ͸֤ûв´
һ˵ʱѩѰ¡
¬ͻһֻ֣ڵǰʯ֮ϣȴѩʵӿǰɫ
ѩͷǰɫ
֮¬һϸϸĳüҼʶܱͤȻдƬʻʢ辰
ѩһ£Ȼͤ໨ľҹܼ֮ʢһȻлΪʲô
¬ĵȡʢ֮컨֮ʢһ죬һ󷨷Ƭһ罭֮ģȾԶԳ֣һ˲ӣ˵ʱݣֻƾ׸֮һ;ˡ
ѩصˣô˵˴һͤȻһ֮ͤ滹нˮľͤһͤӡ
¬صһͷ˵Ȼǣһ˵һҲ
ѩνֻȡѣȴûʵ壬ֻţȴࡣ
¬ֵͷο֮ɫ
ѩ˵Ҿˣֻ밴ͤ˿շͤӣɳΧˡ
ļȫȷֻҪôѰأ
ѩֻ밴֮ɡ
Ǳ㡣¬ĵֻԽСԽǴΪǣ
ѩȻˡ
ҶˣˣУǺã
¬һЦͨԿɣ
˵շվȴÿдһӥӰֻһ˫׵չա
¬һˡ
˫ݣѩǰҹ֣֮ʱһ˫ѩӥ߲࣬ǰֻ
һͷͻȻ𡪡ǷҲˣ
˵ʱ٣ʱ졣
Ƭʱ䣬ӥٴ𣬿һ˫׵׹㣬ͤϡ
ѩڳ˫ѩӥ֮ʱСС裬ƽؼʩð֪˫ӥǴ˼֮ݣ˺ֻȴһ˸Ů֮£ſǵҪʱĳ֡
˫ѩӥӺÿ졣
ǽ޵ĵ˫˫ǰһĶ֮£֮һȹĳǰʸҲֱŹѩͷϮ
ѩԭԵַָһ˫ֱ֣ȡѩӥһɣʧƣ״ͻֱָֻ֣ӥϵȥ
ֻӥѩɽķݡͷһ࣬󾭷ϦؼѵǷǱѰ
ǰΣѩָֻӥоͿһӭ˫ָֻëһתȴһֻӥᣬֱѩɨȥ
һķɵ澢ſĳңһ˸ǣܷܿڳװرʲȻ͸Ӿ߱ɱ֮
ѩȻһ֮£ͷ෽һٿǰ֮ʧ֪ëʵڻ֮һȻʧ֡
ЦУѩһʽơƬӰѰֻѩӥʵʵֶ£ۡһըķ׷ֻӥײ档
Ҳ治
һĳУۿֻѩӥڶǳ˶ԷҲԣһֱͤܳ
ѩȴǷ
һƼΪİƿУеİ裬Ȼ֣ۿֻѩӥӦƶ׹ͿԵ¬ĳҪ
ƺڳͬʱһֻȻӳȴʲô
ĳ֮ƣд˼ΪϸСĽӴ֮ȻѱССڳ
ͬʱ֮䣬¬ĵһֻ֣Ѱѵڶֻͼ˵ѩӥˡ
ʩչȻεһ࣬һֳ糤ֵͣƣѩӥɡһأһӹͿյʮ⡣
ֻѩӥÿ죬ȥҲ죬֮£˫˫飬ҹֻƮڿеƬƬë䡣
ѩ֣¬ҪֹԼ֡
¬˵򹷿ˣҪɱֻëֻǵӽϷŲˡ
ѩһֻһĲף
¬ĵܺõöࡣ
ţ̾Ϣһ˵ſɾˣҲغ£һֻ˵ǣΪ
ѩֺдһ˵ŶƮ֮һӰ㣬ɿֱ׹£Ƶ
ֻһϮƮƮĳ£˳ģѩѿԶ϶˭ˣɲҲسһ
֮ķȻúܣȴһԲֻһ˫ʮӣͤĹѩš
ȻҲע⵽һԵ¬ġ
ѩʮεվȭ½ǰ
΢΢׵ȥ
ѩ֪˼⣬һԵ¬ȴЦһ˵Ҫˣһ̡
ɫһһЦ¬ķȴѩô
ˡ
ȻǸϹŮ˴˵ôޱ˾Ͳô
Ŀ⾼ѩŭݲϢȴȻȲ¬Ĵ𻰡
Ŀ֮£ѩʵڲٱֳĬ
½ǰ£ҹˣҲ˸ǣǱߣҲǰΪתˡ
˵ʱһվһ
طһЦ
ȣĪԻʳԲɣ
չѩɽȷϵԸΪǽյһԼƽͻ⼸仰ȻΥŵ
ѩ֮£̾Ϣŵǰ£ɽվãʵڲԸٶΪš
ߣЦĵӲСʲôط˵˵ȥȥϻȥ˵
ѩһҾǰˡòܣ̧֣ѩм
ɭɭЦЦͷãǴĸԡ
˵һ˫΢΢£ϸ죬һ̾˵ѩһദǺгԭѿʼı̬ȣȴδʧһȥҿԼ̣ҪִԲ򣬿ǻ֮ӡ
ѩصȥѾǰ벻ʿ־ǿ
ɭɭЦЦô˵ǾƸԵˣ
ѩǰˡ
һԵ¬ʵ̲סڵʿ־ǿ⻰Լˣ½ͩ㻹˼סһô
ɫһٲڡȴֲòûʲô£òҪֹ¡
¬ҡҡͷ̫ˣϧѾˡһûΪ֮ǰҲ£ڿˡҹܶ£Ҫ۾ﻹ̣ƯЩҪȻɹֲҷ顣
غһãŷɭɭһЦһ˫䡣
ԭѽף㣬ֲҹȻΪС¬ģЩҿǶ㲻֪ȻҹˣĸԣߺߡĪľΪҲĵ֣㲻ɣ
¬ĵʲôʱ۾̣
΢΢ͣһͣϣһƬݣ̾ͩ
֮ĶԹԹһʱ˵ҹȻѳ棬ܵЩ棬ҪȻǽΪѣ
ȸԣԹߺߣ¬ģϲ͸ˡ࡯ܣҹҵҪհհôݳָѩɽ
¬Ľҧһ÷˵˵ĻúáҵҪԣôסңѩߡ
ѩۼֵˣǹⲻȥϵǼʮĶԹԹʵ๣źǰԼȴʹԼֻؿڧʱ˿̣ʹϢ˳Ĵ㣬Ҳ̫ˡ
һЦ
¬ԭվ֮ͣסӵô
ǲѻ˵ǰͷҹܻųȥһʹɹֲĺĸӾɣ
¬벻Ȼ˵˺ĵĻЩ³⡣֮£һʱ
ѩ벻Էˣһʱ̲ޣЦһվ¬ĵ߰ɣ
¬İݵϣֳһ˿Цðɣ½ͩǾô˵ˣ;ʩչɣҪ£ҲֻǡΣָѩɽãǲٻˡ
Ͼסʮ֮ãȻ˵һߣδЩӦȻ֮˸Уܻԭ򡭡
ǳˣ²ס
ǿһҡʹġƽģֻõˡ˼˼
ÿһ𣬾һ룬Ȼ¸£ȴȻܿѪ˺ۣڵʺѪ
Դ˫ʧ֮ٲܿԷȴϡΣȥ˵£ǳªıԶʥģżȻ˼ܲΪ֮ݣȻһУϾ̫ңԶˣһνϣԵø롣
߰ɣ
˹ѩĻţ漴Ӷ
¬ĲξȻصʵͷãߣ
ѩӾ¬ģֳķ䳡滰ʱŷԷȻʧȥӰ΢΢һ㵣򱳺¬ĵˡ
¬ЦҲСһṦȻҵĶ䡭
ѩٲһŻδ
¬ĵ½ͩȣΪӹϵƽҪĺ˵õõģĪҪĵ
΢̾һګګؽȥ֪ɽһӦʲûд
Ǻã
ѩҧһﲻعͻȥȡһǵ·ôߡ
ˡ¬̾ϢôһʱݲһУҲûʲôҪĶ˰ɣ
ѩȻſģֻҪƽ뿪Ȱ˼͵ɽҸĸ㣬˼ҲԵüįպҲСТ
¬΢Цѵⷬ⣬ǺãǺˣǰǴӹⲽΣѰɣ
ѩӦһȳȥ˵
¬ĺһҷ¡
ѩһ¬ģﲻɡ
¬ĵ㱳ƽڳ֣µĺãס֮Զ߾룬㲻˴ʧҵҪô֣
ڣͷҡӰһƮͤ⡣
ѩæϡ
Ӱͬʱ棬˴˼ߡŹѩߴ¬ϸҺߣһţҪʱһָ㡣
ѩ׶ԷʩչءֱӰ͵ԼߣµǱ
գָ㣬Ĺϰ¬ڵ칦͡ࡱۣȷʵѵ¬ĴǰƺǿŹʱˡ
Ӧǡ㣬ꡱԾ߿⣬죬¬ѽ
ԭ¬һ˫۾ȻϹˣֻϰ֮ࡱȴԲ䲻㣬Źѩ϶̬ȡӦ΢ǰȷǷ˼ƾ
ѩӷһվͿﵱǰһɼ죬ֻǣֱϮ
ȴͬʱ˷һЦЦ޷Ǳĳ֡˲¶ѡ
ȳԷ֣֮ȻַǵС
ڼΪϸСƿһ˫ССǰ˫岢Ŷɣֱȡѩһ˫ӡ
ѩͻáԧָس϶ֱһ˫ССϵȥ
տصУ֮뻹磬͸ָѰ˫ССѹȵ³䡣
ȴû뵽
˫ССأʵȴý֮ʱע˾˵ġתνǱڰַһ˵ȷ뼫֮
ǰ˫ССڹѩָ֮³䣬էۿѴһȻ˫ɺ𡪡һǿ쵽˼㣬ꡱ
طѩ೭Ϯ
ѩȻһ֮£һ쵽˼㣬ɷʲ˹ȥССѪ̸ۣʲôˣȴҲʹ˴
ߴ¬ĵôˣ
ѩ𡰺ߡһû˵
¬ĳԾô
ѩҧãû¡
¬ЦŵӦ֪ˣ˵óõģСĵһСˣǰ
ѩһʱɥڶԷ֮£־ַޣз˸ݣҪԷƣʲôͰԼ棿
˼֮䣬ֻꡱУӭֱɹʲţֱͷϹ
Ҳ෽ǡϢƬ⣬Զѿɸо˵Ļƣ˼ۣһ࣬մ·
ѩһ
Ϳһȴֻñϱ˼һƵ
һǳ¬֮ڣž޴ѱʹֱǰȥ
ӭŴƬƣѩ𼸺
ֵǻԭֱŭѩ˲˷ӭ˵ƽ𺣲ɣһӭȥǶˣֻ䡱һ죬ǰһٿʱɣǰ쬣ȻǰģаӰӣֱǶҲһһ󣬷ѡ
ѩһ뵽˲елˣˣʱκ֮£ҲԾϵ¬˵ԲЩẒ̇ٳ鲻㣬ﲻա
֣һǱˡ
ΣѩزסƣĻƵúˣƱ㽫Ԥϣƽһڣʹ¬Эֻȫ
һйѩȫ侲֮£δʼָƣֻµͷȻֳẒ̇򶨣ҪǴеǰڽ֮ʡ
ǰ°׷壬ȴѲǻĴƬֺֻһͨڲ߷ǰ¹һҲγһİһһէȻĿȴĿúܡ
¬һ˫ʲôҲ۾ǰʲôɽô
ѩͷһɽиͤӣ˵ǽˡ
¬ĵͷͤɿ𣿡
ˡ
¬ĵ죡
ѩһʱ벻ͨҪ˻ţ˴ߴ٣Ȼ򣬲˼ؿǰͤ۹ȥ¬ಽ
ȷǹ죬䣬ͤǰ
أдһЦ
һӰӹҲƵģֱɿ׹ƫУǡǡڹѩ֮ȣͤǰ
ѩһ֮£ϳǴ˼˷ԷȴѲԼֵˡ
Сӡơ
΢΢ǰ̽ӣһֱѩӭ
Էǰ㹦һȻΪɹۣݳƣһɼΪľ޴ɽ
һ˵ǴļӺ˵ʹ˺ҪøΪǡ
ѩһ֮£ȻԵһͬʱ˫áƴ¡
ƣ˾޴ӭһ
һ䣬ѩޱǿҵĳ·ɷƺ֮
Ȼȴʵʵڵؽ˶Էһƣ²һ
ֻ֮ȴȣѪҺŭţֱҪֻһɲ֮ĸӦܿľΪ֮ʧΡ
˵Ǵ⣬һ˫ü޵߷һ֣صãٽһơ
˵⻰ʱ鼫Ϊݣٹһ٣һֻ
ͿֻԭӣȻǴҲƵǴࡣ
ѩȻ뵽ҹ͵ʱģһʤ֮£ϧʩչġš֮
˼ķӦľɳʯѩµ½󣬾ָ
龰ٻһ԰ǿн̫ʱһģֻǷĹȴҪʤһ֮ѩΪ϶ǶԷ֣һʱȴӦеķԿҲˣһڳ֮ǰעʧܵơ
ֻΪֻǴƳʱȴ硣
һƳϿ֮ǰһƺв֮ƣʵҲֻеߵסʵϣһƣ֮ڞУǣ˵࣬϶˹ѩտ㿰ܴһƣҪȻľʹζˡ
ѩڶԷƷԵݳһĵȻһȣ֪ҪȫʱǲٷӦ֮£Ҳֻʱ߳ӭŶԷ߹ġš
֮£ǿС
ѩֻһ䣬ɲô˸սȴҪһɲǼ䣬¬ĵһֻ֣ǡʱذıϡһԹʵʮǡ
ѩԭѲ֧ӣȻעޱȵ˫էһӴ֮£ƺƾУ˴˳˸ƽʲôҲûзһ㣬һɱУ֮ʧ֮䡣
΢΢һôһ£üһԭ㣿
Ҳİɣ
ڣ¬ȻԹѩӥ㣬ֱͷӹ
Цã
ٿأ𣬲¬ĵӭ
ȣȣ
죬ͬĽ䣬һϣһ£ȴһ֣쵽˼㡣
ȻֻһĳӴ֮ƣŸ죬ĳ֮ƣչ˿һɵķ¬ĵշ࣬һصĵڶȻ
һֻ䣬ɾУֱŭ˹ȥ
ҪһΪάɶӵƽɽϧֶ֡ڱ˴Ż˽⼫ѣһֿɾҪִڣý
ӭŶԷһʳ
ƫƫ¬ľǷŲһӰε˹ȥ
Ȼš¬ļӭϣ˴ңʮָҴһӣشһӹǽ졣
龰ڹѩ۾ɵôΪģʵ֣һǧѷֻǣôʹϹۣۼ֮以ɱ˵ʹź
ϴܵһӶֳ֮˻ط˿
ŷƮӡǴ
¬Ȼ˫ĿӦΪ΢΢һһ
һ˿Ц԰׵ϡ
Ҳã֪Щ޼ҡҪȻ㲻ʩչֶ֡
زһ˿Цݣûʲô˵ˣ¬ģѹӵ׶Ĺɡ֪Щûаѹ£㹫ȻΪСٺ٣Ǿֵ¼ߵͰɣ
¬֮£һ䣬ԵøΪ԰ףӣڻ΢΢
ðɡ԰ɣ
˵֮䣬һֻż΢΢ӾƾŽżһ֧һΣһڲкɣһͷɢڷ·׷ɣʾż
ѩûʲô£˵һȥ
ַ˫ֹ֮䣬ȻѩӺдһ˵
⣬ЦһΪһŻôɷģڻʱ򡭡
ѩ¬֮ԣ˿һԣδⲻ̣˵¬ȫվԼһ棬ȴĲϣ֮ɳΪԼ㷲
仰һʱޱȷŭԴû˵Ҷӣܴ裬ƺԼȥȫһ㣬Ȼǡǿ̣벻̡ˡ
֡
Ȼͦǰһֹ
˫ѵһزȻΪѩôһȣɵ˫˫ֹס˴ֵӡ
ԭһġšѴﵽʮ۷壬һ֣ؽһ
¬ĵȻ֪ԷŻʩչôƮҡڲġڲкɡ֮ģǡ˸աʵֻмʵɱֶ㲻Ϊ㣬ȴû뵽ѩ֮£ȻȷЩ֮⡣
֮£һЦҪʲô
ѩ̲Ȼɫ½ǰȻŲңѩҲ̰֮޸֮£ѩԼĺá
¬ɫһҪ˵
ȿЦãҵҪȻһС㡣СӣΣҪ˼ϼУ
ѩȭƾǰԸ̡
ãһЦŰһ˫ӿ¬ĵˣɲԴѹСȫԼģ˿һԣǵ飬һҹҪȼʶʶλʲô춯صͣ
أһšˢڹѩǰ
ŹһԲ֮Ʈ𣬸ҲƵ΢΢ѣȥᵽ˼㣬ǰδĹ
ѩѴﵽһˮ׼ŷľ꣬ʵѴΪɹۡ
ŷλˣܲдη壬ȻһԷֶԲ鷴ʵˡ
ǰָ̡
˵仰ӻһƽţʩҾת湦һɲǼ䣬һشתõˢˢ졣
ѩǵһ˫ӣ˲Ҳ˲ض˶Էϡ
ǰտѩҪǰֽ̼ý֪ǰɿϴͽ̣ 







 

  
ʮ¡ѩɽΣ 

¬ڹѩ֮ȷЩ죬ֻתһ룬ȴΪ֮Ȼ
˿֮⣬Ҫ˴˻ᣬֱһԼλ²˵ʵΣʵԹѩǼģΪɶõţĳһ˵ܹ½ͩ㺱ֶУ֮õľѻᡣ
Ȼ½ͩǱ⣬ȴѰζˡ
¬ĴһԽӦʹ֮ҲɴΪ͡
ôţ¬ı㲻ٺУһߡ
û뵽ѩȻֱԼҪԽ֮£һЦ
ҪұȽôֻϧҽûдϣɣ˫㼸У˵ң
ѩɫһȣһֻԭѽ򽣰ѣ֮£ֻɿֱȭȻҲͽַǡ
һЦ
һ۾·𿴼Ĳ꣬׷ơȻ̳˸׷Ƶľǿ飬Լ벻սʤƾԼңԸֻԴﵽһֻƾԷ˫ǿĿ񣬼϶
ʵѩҲǷΪʶģֻһԶԸԼǿɾЩζˡ
ðɡЦţȻҪͽֶУɾԹ飬ҵĲ֮أʩչǣС
ѩҡҡͷ似㣬ȴʳ֮ʳǰؿɣ
ڣһ˫ֱ⹰
һֹġ֮ƣʮ㣬ڻŵڼ湦ˣΪɡǵ̬أǾƲ֣ǰƱˣҲͲòʩչ
ڹѩĳ̬һţǱԪһǰ
ǺЦˣһ˫۾ϸϸ졣
ֲ㵨˷ˣԭѹӵ׵ն㶼ѧˣǿϲ
䣬ֻѩǱһ߳
Ƽ죬Գ£һǵ֮ѩһֻҽŽż⣬ֱŶԷͥѨ˹ȥ
ѾڵȺˡ
ѩһţġʵ飬дʵĪ⡣
ȴ׷ͣһҪӭŶԷƣһ˫չ˳ȥ
Է֮֮ã˫һ֮˵ʮ㾪ˡ
Сžһ죬ƬӰƣͷͷֱŹѩϷӭ˹ȥ
֮缲ױ磬ֱݻ
էȥѩӾƱڷչӰ֮С
Ȼ֮Ȼ̴˫ʮָȴ϶Źѩ֮
ָδмʮɷͬʮεĽ֮ҹѩѷ˶Էдһ֡
ŷӳ˫䣬ѩ˫һֻ֣ʵˣؾͿһ˫鰴һ£¡һ֮֡Ȼ¬ĲͬնȴҲľʩչǡô
˫ԭӦһʧƫƫڶԷ֮£˿С
ѩȻǡ˶Է˫֣ȴҲųһ亹ֻһ¬ڵȻ̾ԳЧ޲ϲ°һǰ֮ƣһֱŷȥ
ֱţԷ꾹Ȼ֣ǡʿգĿ࿴ˡ
Էһֱֿ֮˷ṦеġŹۣҲ֮УѩȻʩչ͸Σ
ǰѲϸ˼룬ѩһгУʮ֮¸㡣
һŹΪʮþȿԽԷƷ£ȴû뵽龹Ȼ˳⣬һʧ֣ٻԷһƿɾͲˡ
ǧһ֮ʣһշһХӲڿлһȣֱŲ·ȥԾˡ
ȻѩһȴҲŲ
ĴֻáһһϮ֮ϣһ͸С״ģ
ѩһʧ֣ΪԷķֱǰҹӿգࡱӦУ˰˳߿⣬ͬʱҲ˳ȥӰǽеһ˫㣬˫˫ͬط
һվ¬ģ˵۲ܼǳ˫ֵ̣־ϸȫĲ֮Уһ䣬԰׵ֳЦݡ
ͩŷ֣΢ŵҲĪСӣյ书ͣӦ֮ϣţ
Է֮𣬾ȻЩ˹ѩС֣֮˵ܴ衣ԹϲŭɫԽԽֻͣһȴҲЩϹҲס΢ֻǿѩƵƵЦѡ
Ȼأĳ֣֮С
˷֮¬תѩصһĹʩչòԭǿȡʤģһ̽ƣֻҪһ֣Ӯˡ
ôתҿ͵Ϊϰɣô㻹Ҫٴȥ
ɭɭЦЦһ˫˲Ҳ˲עŹѩСӣñ£ȫͶʩչֻҪӹʮУɽȥȻӿɲ̫ùͷֹɣ
˵֮䣬ѵڶʩ˫ǰ̽ƽֶ˼ʽһʱ쬣Ҷƶǰ̤
ѩ˷Էһƴ֮⣬ѡ
Ȼ֪һʤѣһԷȫԸԼԶֻǴ˿֮ݱ䣬ػתԲأ˵ûҪҲҪӲ¶ԷҪʮС
һн̾Գɱ
ֶУɱķ
һ棬ֱŹѩ
ѩЩڰ̬ᣬĵá
ǰԷĪƣֱϮѩȴȥڶĶ̬
һ䣬Ÿо¬ĿĹԼİ񹦣Ǿ˲˼á
һˣĲǡѪ֮һڼҸ֣벻һ书ԽߵˣԽ㣬δУ¬֡湦΢֮ɶԷ̽ԷһĳַλжʶƵȻδȻʵǰδĴ£Ƹ
·нѩѸоһĳؽҲ෽ԣڷʽδ֮ǰ
ȻӷһƶĵѺҲ෽й
ʽӿ켫ˣ˻δ֮ǰԷƷ磬һֱ֮ѩֱ
֮ǰѩ㿪Уڣϰ湦֮αвͬļʱˣһƱ˸ա
˵ڷ֮£ѩɼ߿⣬һڵء
ѩȻԾΪԾֻ۾ֱֱضԿţ˫ɻ󣬹ѩҵֶ㿪һУȴ㣬һɱšԻǣǰ꣬Ծǰôת䣿
ŸԼǰСӣҲĴ˿ˡ
վڳ¬ģȻګګػѩ㻹áɣ
ѩӦá
¬ƵƵͷúáȻнûаһ
Ȼת㵽кγޣ㾹Ȼ֣һҪǴܻڣ㡭
京Ц¬ģٸһװɣǵ˼Ҳ֪ô
˵ʱһһһ٣һѵ˹ѩǰ
ԭ¬ַѩ֣ԹЩ˵Է˹Ϊʶơ
Ⱥݹ֪Ϊ֮ǣʱһ˽˫ͬʱݳһһֱŹѩ϶¸
ѩʱܱһʵסͻƣǲܣֻôһжؽǣң֮£ֻܼȫ˫ͬáơ
ʽһƣȴѨϻ
һŴӵȷӡ
ԭѩ㣬鼱֮£ԷͬھĶСʯٵзȻڶֹ˵ǲȡģǣĳһ֮£ȴҲļֵá
ѩ˫ϼǹעȻ֪ˣ㲻ΪǿУ֮ϣʮ㣬ʹȻжԷҲᱻԷڞУ⡣
Ȩ֮£ֻʱ
ʩչġǬơʽѾʵȴʱƬ̽޵ĵذ˻Ѫת磬ӲòԾ
һХҰӿհذƮɿ⡣
ѩе֣ȴҶԭط΢Σ泷߳ߣմ漴ưؼת
ҳ֣ȻżȻʮ֡ӷɡ֮⣬кܶΪ֪ľǰһˡҷɡۣ㲻Ϊ֪
ȴ֪ġ
ʮǰ׷ƶֽʱʹżȻʶһΣһʾΪעʱ׷Ʊ¶ԺȻνȴһҲδֳαˣȻǱѰ
ѩһ߿󡰽ҷɡӰ涣硣
䲻ԸҾѧʾˣΪǰ֮£Ҳ͹˲ˡ
һҲֳ̤صӰˣҡҡλΣۻңڴǧӰ֮Уȴֻһġ
¬ϸĬ죬ȻЦһֻɷɵӣҽˣ
̾˿ֵֻϧ۾ҪȻжãѩӦ뵽ǿڸʩõġ
ָڰ֮ѩġࡱ򡣹ѩôһᣬʱѩ
һ˫ӣһʼͽԷţֳӰǧ٣۹ȻΪңʼ׷ӽѩǰʮӰת
ѩ֮ԼߣһҲֹͣ˦ѶԷĹ۲죬ƫƫΪһҲϷɡ
͸Ĺ۲ȦԽԽСѼ˹ѩǰֻӰҴתһ϶㵱ѡ
ѩߣǧ򻯣ȴʼ˦Ĺ۲֮£֪ٲ֣һԷϳԼ㲻ӡ
ȻӶذοն
ֳɫֵ󣬼ΪȻſȣصŶʮӰһƣֱŷͷ
ѩǰ֣ǱȲѣŷδʱԼ֮ǰȻ֣Ȼȱϳ֮Ϊ֣Ҫõöࡣ
ʮӰһԵֱŷߺȻЦһֱֻ򵱿˳ȥ

һʽƣӰ漴ӭƶ
ӰȴҲӲǷĿʽ׷٣Ʒ֮£༴
Ϊŭ
Ĺ۲벻ȻҲʧ֣߳һ˫ʩ֮£͡
͡ƣӰӦƶ
Ϳһ˵ľ磬Źѩ˶ƣ̩ɽѹصͷ
ǹѩӡ
ռµ˫ֱֶ֫ŷȫѹ
ʧ֮£ѲΪԷ
أ˫ƽһ٣ʩչʱ֮ʯ쾪֮ƣȻ֮£˺Ȼһ졣
ѩÿ죬ø죬һٿص㵯ɸ¡
һȻǿң¹ѩҲܱס̬弸˹һ·бֱ׹
оԵİʤԷӰ֮£ǳ۰˹
ʱȴһӰҪ졣
һ磬¬һǰҪΪ۾䣬һŵأ˫ͬʱݳɾ
鼱֮£¬ĲòʩչѲ˶ڹ
Ŷ֣ʿɶֹһζ֣Ǽʵһ
¬ֻƵͬʱݳǰδ쾢νǾͬھģΣȴǰȴ߾ޣҲֻежԼ
ǰ¬Ȼȶ룬˫ͬǸΩǿȴвͬ
ͬĳ֣Թѩ˵ȴ죬ǰּ߲ڽȴǿĵжԹ֮
ôϾ磬Ȼ¬ĵһӴ֮£ǵδʹԷܴ죬ȴܵ˼Ŀܣӻֱź󷽵ȥ
Է˵ֱǳ𺳣ǰ㹦ܳе˾ǿסܴһ֮£òѸٵ롣һʽᡱ㷭ȥ⡣
ͬʱ¬ĵһֻľذѹѩӽס˾ʩ΢΢һͣʹùѩذϣȻǡôѩԭбӣþƣȥȻˣ˿ҲһЩǣǿ
ȻѩԼȴúܣ¬һͻľԼɾҪˣңӵÿϮһ
벻¬ľȻȹ벻ȻĶԼȫ֣һʱΪ֮ȻŲ԰׵ֳɱ
úáô˵
һ˵ʱνվӣȻ֮Ǵֱ࣬Բ
¬ɭɭЦô˵ʵóڣѾˣĪں󱲸ǰˣɣ
ŭô˵ʮСĪǡ
Ȼɫһ䣬ô£ʱΪ֮һ㵣ƿԡ
˫ԼߣΪʮзʤ˴ʵ϶֣жѣƳѩõӰȻƣôʮ֮
ӼƽŵһԾŶԲڹѩһСǰʧš
¬ĵĻĬ˺óһʱ䣬̾Ϣһתѩһۡ
߰ɣ
ȴһǻʢŭת¬ģ˵ҪɽȴҪУô
¬˵֪ǷŲҵģҪ˵ˣʮҲ㣬½ͩͻɣҽġ
ѩзԭΪһ粨ƽϢȴû뵽Ȼת¬ϣʱΪ֮һȴţֻжѣжϣ¬Ĺڷ֮ϣУ˫ڳ˵ܹ˺վһԣĺá
־ڱʤķ¬һȻһ˫ùԲ۾Ҳϰˣ˲Ҳ˲һ£ֻŷվλõţҹֻһϮɫӣ粨һزš
ҲղֳȻóȻ֡
Ϲ΢΢Цת¬ĵҲ෽Ʈ֮ȴ¬ĵĸд漴ֵӣỻһȻӲ¬ĵĲȻ˫Ķվš
ͩ¬صӦ֪Դ۾ϹԺ⼸ʮҿû˹ղҲˣѾˡ࡯ǲսʤҵġ
ƵƵЦţ˫۾Ĺʿʾĺ޶Էĳ̶ȡ
Ҳ˵ģԼԹ
΢΢ͣһ£ɱԽ
ȻǸǴһԲӣһҲƵķ˳ȥ
¬Եһ°һȣӿ쵽˼㡣
ѩǼעעӣȴȻδܿ˫ôӴġ
źӰһӣ漴ٿطֿ
¬ķһ߳ضָ֣һɸֲ棬ֱŷǰ
һһ
¬Ľһ
һһƽʵȴ̲΢ϳ
Ӱ͸ѩǡǡӰԣǡ˫ͿһȴֻΪһ
ѩԿȽӷʽǴ˵еġ֮˽⵽̬֮أдһʱѵ
ӵ˫ȥ͸ʯһٹѩʱ˴Ѵɿ⡣
зڱ˴˴һɲǵݳȥģһеȻѼʤΣֻӱϣȴԿ
ΣжԵ˫Ѿȫ
ִӣһѻָԭֻķᣬϳ壬ȻΪ֮ɢɼ֮͡
͸˸һ˫ӣĿʾޱȵľԻ
ȷѳǰϹŵѵþա
ʶˡ
˵仰һʱ
¬ֻǾš
ãֳһ˿Цݣ΢΢ͷǿ˰ɡ
˵仰ҲȶԷĻشתѩͷ߰ɡ
һ峺ĺˮԱߣѩ˽Ų
ɫ
ɫƣƬڶȾţںˮҲѤˣŰߵ˾续ߣڻͼˡ
ʲôطˣ
¬̤ǰһ԰׵ϣʾһ㯡
Ҳǰһһѩ˵ţطº
ˡ¬ĵͷȻٿ߿ֲ߿
ѩ𶨾һƣͷȻ߿
¬ɳڵ̾Ϣһ˵ָѩɽĵͷǲٵˡ
һ˵漴ǰ෽յһߣǰһɽʯ
ѩʱ˫Ȳʤᣬԭһ̼ϿСټ廨ŵƸţȷʵʹƣһͣ²̾;һʱ䣬ĸʱ֮á
ҿڿˡ¬˵ȥȡˮҺȡ
ѩӦߣһ
ţ
¬ͷժһεԿ
ѩһ㣬׿ˮһ֧ɫΡ
Īˮж
ɲ¬ĵ˵ǳָѩɽɽ磬½ͩΪ˽ǣҲȫģҰ֧βˮűɫûУɫۣ򲻿á
ѩӦһʱǰ編һϸ˿ɫʣŷĵԼȺһһƬҶһ¬ǰߵͷҶһ
Ҫô
ˡ
Ŷ΢أ¬ĳһ³ȥ
ӳųϼ¬ĵѩȻһĪǲô
¬һƿЦͷĪǻûпôˡ
ѩһ
Ҫ˵òء¬ĺЦֻϧҳ̫æû뵽һеķ򣬷һָѩɽҲͺˡ
һ˹ѩ뵽˷Ǹɰдҩ
´ҴȡݹȥС
¬ǲؽӹֻһ£ͷǽΪڵҩôģ
ѩɫ΢΢һ죬ײ˵ѣʵǷ͸ҵġ
¬ȡһһ˻һž͹ˣѾͷ
˵΢΢۾һһ䣬԰׵߳һſŵĺ顣
ô£ĪǸղ½ǰʱˣ
¬Ļصһͷ
ѩһǵʱҾΪ½ǰˡ
ˡĬһ£¬Ĳ۾صйһΡ̶ֻ֣꣬ȴ顭ҼʱɫߺߡǷܱڿɾδ֪֮ˡ
ڣȻҹ֮ڣɸԭ£㲻Ϊҹġǡ
漴۾̾˿ǡ³ϣһϦ֮䣬ҾȻмҹ鲻õĹ»ҰΪһ׸
ѩô˵ɾͼˣ˼ͬУҵĸֻ֣ǡǰҼһУȴȥǡ
¬һЦҪͬ߰ɣãҲҪи˹ΣҴ˹ֻܰ񱦹ʩţڱ˰ϰһʱ·Ҳ١
ѩӦһƾҲ෽ϸһ죬Ȼ󣬿ȴˡ
¬ƫͷˣ
ѩȴѷӣһɣƬط˹ȥ 







 

  
ʮ¡ѩɽšܾ 

ѩ֮󣬲ŷһƬռؼĻĲҰأŸ߹һ˵Ŀݻ«ݣ賿ĺɪϢ
ֻҰųɲݴɳ˵«ɢ춼ǡ
Щ䲻תƹѩע⣬ȴ۲ϵѣչĶԲĴƬ«ݣҪ˵вһˣǧ˰ҲܿһЩ
ȥԶˡ¬˵
ô
ȻˣṦߣ֮¡
ѩ𶸵һѵ½ǰ
¬ҡҡͷ˵񡣡ֵ½ͩȻ¸˲٣Զţ˵Ҳ񡭡
Ȼһ֮䣬۲΢ϸ֪ȴ˺졣
¬΢΢Цòġ
ѩƬԭҰ۲죬Ƭ«ڳ粨޷ܹҳвŵһҲ޿κΡ
ﲻ漴ʵ˭أ
¬ҡҡͷʱ˵壬Ҳûж⣬ҪȻղֵĻᣬװ״ġ
ѩһ룬ȷʵҲˣǰȡˮˮιʳ¬֮ʱࡣԷ¬˵Ǹн֮ܳˣǸʱŻ֣ǷŰɹἫ󣬺ԿտշŹƺԼӺ֮⣬ֻȴҲܾʹ˿϶
¬ĵƲ·ϣһ˵漴֮⡣
ҩƣ漴ĿϢ
ѩ¬Ҳڶ԰ʩչѧƺȦԽø飬Ӧ֮ʱոƬ⣬һر̲ȾɫҰأһϼعˡ
ѩϰһߵṦҲڳرһʯϴٶ˹Ϣ֪䣬һʱȥٹѩ۾ʱŷ¬ľȻѾڶ棬Ѿ뿪
ڸһȦҲתأԺɣ«ݴ΢΢죬һӰֱأƮǰ¬ȥ
ѩʱǰôˣ
¬ıһȻ侭һϢ֮󣬹ѴΪָ
֮¬üͷ΢΢벻Ҷ겻֣֮оȻ˽ܳ˲šּΪУѩ࣬ҪرСעˡ
ѩʲôˣ
¬ӵ۾ǿ֪ģȴܸо
ﾲ˼ţһߴˣ֣Ȼ֪ҵ۾վҵĶ棿
˼ô֪һߴˣ
ףֻĺԼϵζжϳ
ֵЩ˵Ҳǲ˼ܣǶϹ˼ʮ˵ϰ֮ΪΪ桪Ѱ֮⣬Ҳ֪ĴȻ׼ȱס˺ұһֻ֪Ȼ֪ϵĺŮϵζǴġ
ѩ¬ĵܣŲɣôһ˵ȻԲ١
¬صڰй۲ҺܾãҲҵĳ֣ʹ⣬һʱ͸ҵ·Գٳٲûг֡
ѩǿչûУ
¬˼ŵ˺ܴҲԸ⾪㣬Ȱ˲ݴ֮УڴĿҲһĽ
һơ¬̵˵Լ߳ɵȻȡʤԷɴ˿Բ֪֮ǿҿԶ϶֮¡
ѩĬԣȴ˼صˡ̫ꣿڽµļˣпܡ
¬ļ˵·ֻҪ֣ȻмѭƫƫúܣֻڲݴŴתṦ
ѩṦΣ
ܸߣܸߡ
¬ĲصʹҴо棬ҿȻδ֡ȴ;֮ͬһ֮ҲȻ֪ҵԽزˡ
ѩĬһ£ǷĲ£￴˵·һģ
Ѳ²⡭¬˵ʼղ¶һĪˣҿĴϲ⣬ֻǳģûв´ǷŲģҪ棬ֳԭˡ
ѩܺãҵ߰ɣ
¬ĵͷ˵áһ֦ǰָһ£С·ߡ
漴̤·;
¬ľٲȣһӴǰ«έžУ׷ﵹôһǰֳһػصС·һ¸߸߶ʱճãҲҰݣΪԵ«έһΣѿ粻¬ôһ˭ܿó
һǰһέСţҡŵέңŰѩҲƵέһ䣬ȫմˡ
«έĸߴѳˣֻǰ·ңĪֺǸصһ̤έԣΪ˷΢֮ʵνɴʣ˳ƸأΣʵٺò
һ·ǰУԼʮԶ뵽Ƭέ֮У¬ĳǰѩе㲻֪ģֻ«έ˴ĥĸOO
¬ֻƾһ֦һ·ǰУ˳﹡СǰȻ۾ܿжԪ񹦡һã΢в˼֮
Ȼվ˽ŲһЦ˭
ڣ˳ƶ˳ȥֻۡһ˳ϸһֻױģȫëèСĶͷͨһ˵ϣέȾ˺Ѫ
һֻǡ
¬ĵһȶ˵Ǻ׼ͷƫеõֻǵǰУͣ͸ֱ룬裬ۿέһӷڣʱʬأһغ
ѩ¬߳ȻΪ˺֣֣ٹһֻǣݸһЦ
¬ҡͷһ̾ô
ѩͷˣһֻǡ
¬˵ⶫǻ飬һ߿ˣֻأ
˵ǰУѩҲ
һ̣ǰе¬վסȶһֱǰݴе˹ȥ
͸ղμֱһȶֻۡһȷһӰӿնȻǻһֻ
¬ĲɵáһһαϷŪȷʵЩաһ䣬һɼľ磬ֱֱϮ˹
¬ĵ书м侹ȻмܣɾŵþȻǡô¬ǵһɲǼ䣬϶¬Ҳˣض죬֮£ֻšˣʩһкġ𵹴ꡪصܳɿ⣬ֱέȥ
һ䣬һӰ˽һ䣬ƫеڹѩ¬֮䣬˫һáסһУֱŹѩϻ˹Ʒ缲ɽ
ѩ𼸺ʲôģû壬ѱԷصסŭ֮£˫ͬʮڞ֮
˫ƺʩȫһ֮£«έлһ죬콵ȴһֹ漴Ρ
ſǰ˵ģ׳Գ۷ÿһӡ˴һϮɫʳ£ӳɫ⣬ϾһҲûУ£մ˳
ڹѩ˵˾Ǳճ˻ңҲʶģڹѩѾ뵽
̫
ȻˣȻ֣Ȼ൱𾪡
ԭ㡪Ǽ²ˡ
ûжá۾˸⣬ֱֱѩţһղʿգĿ࿴˵ȴӦǹۡ
˵֮䣬Ӱ¬ȥ
Ȼ̺Ϸˣգȥ֮䣬ѱһռ˵ϵȻ
ԭֵж֮䣬ƵվҪǰĹȻһС֮䣬¬ǰѩֵ֮ǰӦ֮ƣʹ¬֮ǻۣһ֪£ȻҲ˵
˿̣¬һ˻أŷһʽͷǡǡΪԷռ࣬Ͷֲλ˵ʵΪԷռ˹
øС޶˵ҹ
˵֮䣬¬ĵŲ԰׵ϣʱֳޱɱƽֱָңңָԷüģȥһ֣ض񲻿ɵ
ֻǣȴѡΪֵĶ
¬ǰðϢŭźá
˵ţһ˫ȴ˲Ҳ˲ֱѩţ¹ѩĴһԼ֮£ءڣšȻУһȻĳϡ
¬˵Էһ¬ǰȻʹһ
㡪¬һϸüëô֪¬˭ģ
ݸһЦ¶˰ɭɭһݡ
⻹˵ô󣬵Գ˵ģֻ»أ֪˶ѡ
¬ϹǳǳһƬЦʾŲм
ֻ˶ˡһ˳¬ǰһ
¬ɫһ䣬϶ٴ˲֮ɫЩȲˡ
˭
ʦҩӡ
¬ĺһ˵͹ֲˣԭ˲εĴˣʦҲ֮Ե˳ƽǸչˡ
ǵȿˣ˳¬ĵϹŮǰȴԵǹ
֮£Ȼ΢΢Ƿ¡
¬΢ӵ˵㣬ǹ˵ӣ͸û㳤ŵļҷ磿
һ㶣ӲΣóȻá
Ҳˡ¬Ǵ򿪴˵ɴ˵ɣʲôģ
Цһһ˫۾ɨѩ𣺡ѣԼ˵ɣ
ѩͷλоɴãл˵ɣ
𽣣УѰһں˸ġɣϡ
أһתнһȦ⣬ֱŹ߱ƹȥ
ͬʱӼӳ⣬ֱέƮ䡣
Ȼ³⣬켫ˡ
ΪмڹռĵΣѩвʣһֱͻƵ֮Ȼ
ֻǹȴƫƫˡ
ŹѩƣҲͬʱȻ𣬼ֱѩƬ
ٹ˫һ䣬Ȼ֮ơ
Хǰӹ
«׷ֽƵվҰέңڲкɰذҷѣȴû֮ơ
ṦС֡
ѩʩչšһԪ֮½¬Ĵġ
ȴʩչšӥա
˫һչʾƣƬ׷ţǵ«ףܷɱɱǣһȫ֣Ʊˡ
Ŷ
¬̸дôˡ
ֻ˫һٿڿշѾ«֮ϣֻƾһ˫ż̤«έңһηƮҡӾճέһ㣬ȻһΣȴ˿׹龰ȴѩ𡢹ǰˡ
ӳ裬ֻλö˵ȽϸײԷˣرǹѩһ档ԹѩĹذֱѳԽʦͽ֮꣬ĸӼ΢κ˺ǰһ񶷣Ҳرע
¬ǰ
ôţһ˫ȴضڹѩϣĳ֮һ˽¡˼Ҳز֣һ֮ƾ˼Ҵ÷䲻١
ѩЦģҸﲻµģ˵Ҳδؾʤùҡ
ӹ֮£ƵƵЦѡ
㹻ģȻҲûаˤһǲٽҵˣϵܣͳɡ
ЪһɭɭĽֱŹѩ˹
ѩ̾ᣬȫ¶ʱǼһ˪غ䣬֪Է֮ˣϳ˽֮֮սǿСֻǹѩȴ֮ȼȴס
漴Ӧһɳڵ֮ڵ֮뽣֮ڣҲԽڞŽų˫ɽһӴʱһƬ⣬ӿľ«׷ɣɱ
һվ¬ģȻһ̾Ϣ˵ҩһͽܣʶˣȻ鴫⡮һ޽š֮ȷֺνۡһסˣ㽫ԶݿǺò
ѩԭҲ뵽ˡһ޽š֮һ˵ֻȴʱ¬һᣬȻ
ӹڶȻϤԷģΪ࣬˵ԼģֻǰѣЦһڣֻټӣέϵƲߣֻĳ¡ǰӣнƽƳ׹һֱȡԷʺδѹС
ѩŲ̽ӭ
˿ƽٮٮߣֹУȷǴѰʽһݳϣֻ΢ԣ̳лʽӦ֮죬Ǹиֱ֣Ī
ǰһԷ֮̽ƣ̸ĴΪһתһХֱ֮ŶԷ֮䣬ն˹ȥ
ͬʱ֮䣬ټƣһ˵ľ硣ɽ֮ƣŹѩײ
һһ磬Źѩɨ˹ȥ
ѩӣԷһʱʩչüΪܳҲֻһǰûͣǰԴ¬Ĳϰϳ˵ġṦԼࡱ
֮չֱһǧ֮ơ˿ֻ̣ƾһ˫ż̤ḡ«έңȫʩչü侪գȴӹ˶Էһʽɱš
ڹ˵һҲϣһ֮£쮰ŭƵľ˳ȥһ˫Ųٴδέ֮ʱƬ«έ
в˼ľ
ۿټӣѽŵµĴƬ«έĶ֮䣬񶯵˫۾һεذ

ǷһƬָԾɳ⣬ſ˫ۣӥҲƵһ«έ֮ϡ
Ȼ˶Է
ʶѩӿһʤȯգûһеĺ
һѩѽ֮󣬵ǳ۰˹
һŭǺӡ
ѩΪѩ֮ߣʩչȫӳ콣꣬Ľ˽ƣӣȫں֮ˣߣ«׷˵ӰһǰһȻճһ飬ýƲ
ѩŭ绢ݽ
˫һļνһ𲻼ӣӬ䡱һĳɳ˸â
أ˳Х˾ӥڿֱһֻ֣粫õӥצץѩıϣָ֮£һƬѪ⡣
ѩȴҲûռ˱ˣ෴һ֧̽ﷴݳһַʺ
֮£ؾ˳ȥӾһӿ磬ˣȴȻδܹӿ˹ѩݳĽ档
һѪ⣬ŹѩĽƣԹ˲Ϣ䣬Ⱦ˴Ƭ½
ڴһ֮£ٿͬط˿«έͶȣҲ֧סǳصһƬ̵
龰δ¬ȴӲأέҲƵɣ֮䡣
ɢŵѪϢʹеز֮ˡ
ѩ˵ô
á
˹ѩ˵Ļ¬ķˡ
֪ʹѩˣҲȻ̫أǲῪ˵ġ
أ
ܺãǰصġ
˵仰˫ٿ
ֻ۾ضԿţȻ˵˻ȴ֪ʱ˿ǾԲġ
ΪһϰϳѪˣһˣνġըѪǱ֮ͨ൱Σյģʱ˿̣䲻˿ڳ˵һԪΣϼգһѩﶼʮһ֮Ѹտڲٶ˵˴ȻޱȵȴҲ֪һεĽ棬ƽΪֹټȥˡ
һԵˡ
Ǵޱȵź뿪ģҲԶҲͨڶ̶֮󣬹ѩȻ˲˼Ľչ书֮ߣȻԼ⣬ʿգĿ࿴ˡ
ָѩɽҩ¬ָԺ󣬹ѩˡ
ڴɽӶëСʱסǰǵڶƻʱ֡
ѩ¬ĵһ龲ͨѪ޴󰭣ֻҪʩչ֮ʱܹա
Զﴫĵ͸Ĵȣܿɫ졢ɽһɽ軨ɷһֻȵȸϣβֻͣؽиݡ
һ뵽£ԶڳµСǣĲ£뿪ķϤ֪Լ𣬸ֽ֪εʧ
һ뵽꣬ѹһصʯͷ˵ƣȴΣƾԣⷬ龰ǵߣʵ׽ˡ
վһȦֻǲ
һųéĿᣬԼʮ䣬¬ѩѡһ䣬ǡǳˡ
¬ϲֲϲ˽ѡĿɽһ䣬㲻˹ѩ𳿻ǰʡ֮⣬ֱͿӰ
ѩ¬лɽѩ壬Աɼ˺ú̷չˣһʾĸδֹ֮
˽¸һ㣬ĸԼδµһǧãθĸȴǶһ֪Ҫ跨ĸʾ˵źá
Դһҹ֮ʱмСһΣֱ񣬾Ҳûпˡ뵽Ĺ¿꣬һŮӼҿ;ԺŷΪ飬ټ϶ʹĥǲ롭˵κĶˣ飬Ȼ˵ѣˣһʱյĵӦøԭˣֻȻסɽ£
뵽ЩһĿҼˣ޲ܲʯͷȥ̽
ȻϾһǰ˴Ҳδ飬ŮӼҵ̬ϰԣ׽ۼԡԴһ辵ѭһòǷһ㣬Ūýͷöɵ͸
Ͳ뵽˷ƽĶۣƷ书ģһҲʹԾǿΪԣҲֻܹʧĸ׳軵ˣ˵ԼĶһ棬ѩֻھķݶˡ 







 

  
ʮһ¡̰ġ͵ȡʯ 

ѩ𲻾ó˷ԼǸɰرǾƵǷ˿澭ָµļ֣ѩͬ͡ġ
һֻ˵ˣﲻ书ߣ˼仹ڹŮ죬ȴʮֵѵá
ׯޥʵļˣ亱һǼѣƫƫͬʱͻȻһ˫˾ȻԼˡƲɼãȡ֮䣬Ǵ£ŻѪ֮ˡ
ǵó֮ȥ磬ǣңǺεȵңڣɫԣʱԼԸӢۣȻҲЧ˿ĴϣԸӺ˵𣬴Ӻ˵
һֱΪӢۣ֪֮һΪ֪Լ˲ʱ˿̣ܣԸԶǧɽһͣȴֺܣ
ԭĺڣǱ˸ƵģһԼ治ţǰΪ˾ԼνԹ޸޷ףһسѡ˺Կ
ȥ಻һ鳱մЩˣֵ޵˼ִһӢ־̣Ů鳤
ɽشš
ȴ֨֨ѽѽʱؿţ˵⣬Ƶڵϣ³޵׶Ĺž
ѩ̾Ϣţɰɴ뵽ȥһء
رǣ¼̤һݸ˵Ҷɳɳʱܽο˼
ſˡ
һӷ磬ֽˢֱ죬æŹϡ
⽫δյһ˲֮䣬һӸOO@@ϸڱڴվôһĵٻӰ
Ŷ
һ֮£ѩ𼸺סˡ
ӸOO@@ԶԷԶٷ飬ûϵȻΪ˿ƣ⧾֮£ٿšӣݹһƳ

Ҳסˡ
̵һ˭ҲûзӦ
Ȼٿšþݺݵءֱ͡һɽ
һ¡
ͻһѩż㣬ŶԷӰ׷ȥ
ǰһƬµأϡĹľ֮⣬ֻǸ߰һľ޴ʯ顣
ѩһ׷ȴǰеķѿڵǰʯС

ٴλţԽӿٵ׷ȥ
ѩһŷ̤ʯ֣ͿǰӰһ֣ٿǰ
˳ƵꡱƵݴֱһɼҵƷ磬ֱѩ
ѩûϵȻԼ֡һüȿֱͣ㡣
֮䣬ѩһʩչһ֡Ӱ֮һԷƼǲ˹ȥ
һƾ㣬ҪǴˣƽƤѲɡ
ͷϣһƲУšš߳㡪ֻֽţڶŹѩ˫ץ
ʮָ⣬ھۣǱץϣɲģѩԭǿģֻէȻһھΣжӻ
ͷϣкݶһɣΪ˫ץ˸š
ѩֻ˫һѷ̹ǵʹǰЩˣʱʩչ壬һֱʮУʱƤѣԷʮָץ˸ʵ

˳ŷʮָð˴ƬѪһʱ·Ⱦˡ
ԭŭͷϣΩֲأݵúȻ֣ŷԼֹأٿؾһŲɿ˫֣ϵѪһʱʧɫɫұ䡣
㡭ӡ
ٿšӣһͷʯʹ
ŵί̫̫ˣӿޣɶͳͳйţ龰ǡ뵱ʱСѰǰıʹƣֻǺ˸֪ĵ˶ˡ

ѩƺֻ̾ķݶȻ˼ϵۣ۰Ͱ͵سǰĵ˶
Ǻοࣿ
ƫƫͷڸ޸ڵأֻȺ׷ɣľ
ѩ˼ȰЧ̲סḧϡ
תӣˤ֣㣬ҡ
һˣǣ˹ѩ˵ļ磬ֻ۵һŴ
龰ڷһǻޣȴҲݲŲסֻԼˤµ֣ģ͸ۡ
ôֽѽһ¡
ҧһ۵İᣬСҲƵ˳
Ȼ˽ѩӵٴεķ
ѩһ̾Ǽϴˣòοȴֲ֪˵ЩʲôźãԼȻиԷһƬ飬컯Ūˣ˭˽⵽ԼĵĿۿһƬƫƫ䶯ĻҲҳڣһ
Գţٿէ飬һ
ѩæƫͷȥȴܲﶼˡһ˿ݹȥһ˼ҡޣҲ
ѩЦҡҡͷ
ԼǺ˲бֵۣѩһʱȴ̲סЦˣֻЦһֱסס
ˡ
һ˵ִŹѩϸϸϵˣͱѪһƬ
ڷԵۡ
ɵѽǱ´úôôͲ֪һң˳ӡ
˵˵۾ֺˡ
ѩֹģҡҡͷ˵һСˣҪ
Сˣ㿴˶Ѫɣ
漴һļ£ֳ˴ʮССѪȻԼʮָֻͷץġ
ʹֵݺݵض˹ѩһۡ漴ó˼ҩָѩɽҩ෱࣬ССƤ֮ˣ㲻ʲô
˵һҲϸĵΪҩһֱҶΪϣһϸɴס֡
ˡ˵̣ܽȫˣ⼸ɲմˮ
Ȼסһע⵽Ǵˣôһ£
ǰ˵ġ
ҵ㣿
ǵǡ
ѩҡͷһ̾漴ѽӹѰ𾭹˵һ顣
صôĵӣȻҵָѩɽ㡭ûԿôһҲ֪´ξͲôˡ
˵ţȻ̾˿Ϊһ㣬ǼŪңžȻΪҵһˣ벻͸
һ˵ٵذѱʯͷһ˫ۣ˸еص
㵹Ǹ˵ˣҪ͵͵ߣǲǴһӶҡˣ
ѩ̾һͷ
ЦһֻҺء˭֪ѹûҿҡҪǿһӣڣ飿
˵˵ţɾ˳
ѩﲻҪ˵ˡ֮ҲãҶԲס㡭
ɲʲôԲԵס⡭Ϊ룬ôˡ㡭һߣӡҿôȥ
ѩ治֪˵ʲôźˡ
һᣬίص֪̫ԡƢáҿԸġ
ˡ
ѩƵúܣվ˼
ߵͷѳȥһĨӺ죬ҲʧɽȺĺɫš
ѾЩ⣬ֻʤʧ˶͸ĵĺ
ѩֳһȦȻصϵطһ˫۾עĻػļ
㲻Ҫʵ㲢޲֮ѩҧһګګصֻҲܡ
Ϊʲô
ΪҲ˺һˡ
һˣҵЦţ˵Сǣ
ѩһۣû˵
ԭֱʵػش⣬뵽ôش֮ĺǣԷ֮ԣʹʧ֮࣬סһЩ֮£ǾͲ绹ʱĬĺá
˵֪Сɣʱֻһ͸ǵ̲סƫͷȥ̼ˮӲʲȥ֪ô£ںСǣϡ
һ뵽ֻȫವֱð·ݣӶΪ֮ˡֻǰйѩôˣȴҲûһ䡣
ôˣ
ûʲôˡ߰ɡ̧۾ؿŹѩ𣬡Ҫһһ߰ɣ
˵ɾ
ѩص̾һݶˡ
仰ͻżȻȻԷݵգижֻڷľЩͻҶ˼һʱݺݵصһۣɲסʸѣתһߣ
ѩĵعػ˵Ҫúñӡⶼǡ
˵̾һ㲻˵ȥ
ﱾƫƫԷֻ˵һ룬ֹסڶУϣһʱܵģ̲סתͷ
΢΢ʲôô˵ȥˣ
ѩ̾һɲסЦⶼҺ㣬ˡ
ߡһְת˹ȥС֪ͺá
仰㻹֪֮ԣٻһ˸е
ѩֹס˱԰г½ǰ֪
˵ʲô
ѩǲ֪סҪˣΪ룬ȥĺá
Ǹһȥߣƫȥ
˵һվ˫ֲϵôң㡭
˵Ȧɾͽסֺˡ
ˡֻΪ롭
Ϊ룿ҪΪ룬Ҳˡ
ѩЦԣһǳࡣ
ԣãѩﱣأˡ˵仰漴ȥ
һ룬½ŲعԶԶעںҲٶ˵ȥ
һҹ磬ԺҶ
ؤٰͯƣĵشԺǽƫţվס˽Ųɫµĵš
ҹغһЩƣģȻˣǰԺӵһľȻЩ飬Щ岻ˡ
͸һ谵Ķ͵ƹ֮£׳ϹȻ˯ˡ
ˡ
ƺǳ˯⣬Ҳûеڶºøɣ˯˶ѡ
ͯȷе֪治ɣǰһϷܻ⴫һ˼书
ĴԶˣֻǰ׳ϲ˼ֶѣȴйһʧֵʯ̥
˵ʧ伸꣬˶õֹ屦˰׳ϵ
һ뵽ͯɲסΪ֮Ѫڣֻ۾̽֯ޱ̰Ĺ⡭
Ĵ˵ǣκֻҪõʯ̥ȡڲصʯ澭Ķһ飬£ܳɾһʥĸ
ͯˡ
ȥ֪ʹ׳϶ٴˣõĴֻҡͷʵڰ׳ϸɴͷҲҡˣֻĮԸӵ۹⣬Ͽѡ
˼˵ûϢĶ
׳һɾӣΪһȱǣרһ£ʵƫƫͯƾûģøԶ޲һ죬׳ϵĿĴྶͥ׳Ȼһϣϣһʯܹͷ
׳㹻ģͯȴûС
ҹΪ˶
ͯƿɲذѰ׳ͬǴʮֵСġ
ȣŵﶯһֽţŰ׳һ˯ѣҪȻͯƾүһӣҲ
ȻˣͯȻǲҴ⡣
ԺվСյʱ䣬ϸϸ׳Ϲ۲š
׳ȷʵһҲ˯ˡͷֻ̯֣űӻǸϺһ˯һֱͱ̬һӣʵؾͿԶ϶˯ˡ
ͯһֱ۲һֱΪ˯ˣŲǰ
ͯһƵƮ룬ȷǹģ͵Ƶĵ泤ϸߣ˻ȥͯȴվ˰׳ǰ
סشһػһϡ
׳أûһЩıϢǾȣŵҩأӼʹϴף׳Ҳ
ͯ첻ԥ̶֣ڵѰ
ǰ˵õ޷ƿƿ޹ޣװŵľЩҩɢͯƴҴҷ񣬷СȻҲûаѶԷѣɼ׳˯֮ˡ
ĵӿɾʹˡ
ԭͲ󣬰٣һţܿؾͷһ飬˵ʯˣҲûͯ޲ܰѰ׳ϽѣýָȻûӡ
һַ˰㶣޼ƿʩȻע⵽׳µţȻЩرΧΧһȦƽԭ޿ֻ֮ʱǶԷƵġ
ôţ漴ֽҿһǣƣŷȻЩãߵһ£֤пա
ͯɲסһϲˡ
ֲð׳һ쵽ϲ¡
ͯôһ㣬ƲűȻôһ棬ţؾڰ׳Ĺϥ֮ˡ
ˣҪ񣬱صȰѰ׳ƿɣһƶɾͱҪѶԷˣɾʹΪǲƿֲܵ֡ôǺã
һ˼֮£ͯƶض򵨱Ա˳һݣһѶԷɱˣɾһ˰ˣǸɴࡣ
˸ӿɾͲԽ˰׳ϵǿͷϡ
ϸϸĲţһͷֻ뱦һӣؿ·ּҡͯƳѸ߸߾ȴǻַһݣ־ȴһεطΣǺݲ
ȴð׳ϱкӺȻֱͯһæʣת뿪ȴ׳߾ת˸˯ˡ
ͯһգתһ룬ԼǺɵȻ²˶֣βʩչѨַȵ˶ԷѨ˯ѣ񲻸ã
ôһ룬²˼ַתָ΢ͦţֱ׳ϱȥ
ֵѨַȻϸˣڵѨַ˵ν֮Ѩھ˲Ϣָ֮֮һ֮£ʮ㣬ʮ֮˾㲻
˳֮£ֻɡһ׳ϻһࡱһ£ţʱֱͦͦڵϣá
ͯƼ״һ漴ϲ
ȴû⵽׳Ȼ󷭵ӣ͸ŹŹ֣ۣ׳Ӽǰģ֮£Ӧ˳ǰ²Ծᷴ浹ȥ
ǲ
øһ㣬԰׳ȹ֮ȫѪԱԿͯƹȻǲˣҪסԷƺǲ֮£ܰ׳˯֮УҲѳɹ
ֻЩȻ֮䣬ͯƾȻû뵽ϲ֮£˲˵ڵϰ׳ϵŲæŰϵŵÿ
һÿ̷ڲصİţֻǵƹ̫塣
ͯưѵƽˣ֮£ŷȰţʮСɣֻкС˼Σŷﻹа
֮£ͯһƣֱССȥ
֪⿴ֿƵƫƫ͵ʮ㣬ִ֮ͯ£ˡ顱
һ
һƼֱһ浯ʮƤһ㣬ͯƵֻƶΪ֮
ͯ⧾֮£һȥȻ״ǰ̬ϵСɰţȻʣδ˿𻵡
һֻץأϾͰᣬ뵽˰ŪԺѵӲӲˤҲܰŪ
аŶúܡ
ͯƹۣҪ˵ССһţһǧʯҲܰ
ƫƫһһʩչȫľǾпյѲ֮ţȻ˿Ҳƶһ¡
ͯȻһ֮£뵽ΣŲŷֵ׳ϵһֻţԭ̤űϡ
һɲסųһ亹
̧ͷɲô׳Ϻúõվأ
˫ͫһɨյţ׳ϵ⸱Įֱ̬ͯƲ
ѽ
ڣͯҲ˲࣬ǰĽŲһֱŰ׳ϵػ˳ȥ
һֻԽΪ˶ѡ
һݳͯƵѼ磬һת˳ȥһƵѾԺ
ڴ˶վڶνż֮¡ʩչһ׳족ṦֱȥֻȻδܵơ
ӲԾһ룬ʱ;ͷһӷȡ
鷿İ׳ϱ죬ȻѺϡ
ͯӻûվ԰׳ĵһɾͯϡͯÿ죬ø죬һֱɿ׹
ͨӾþˣһ֮£ֻͯ˫۽ð·ͷΪ֮ɢˡ
Ȼ˿ҲڵţƴŻʹֻڵһһε˳ȥ
ꡱһɼҲƵĿݡ
ٺ٣׳ƫƫһҲƵķŲ
ͯһܳͿһɾ磬Ȼǵͷֱ
ꡱһͯһͷͺײ޻һ
ȻȴҪ޻ö࣬·һӾ޻ѣһӵ˳
ɺãͯƾһر˳ȥͨһȻԭط
һˤ֮£ͯƿˡ
ǰӰһ׳ϹӰҲƵǰ
ͯơһŲȴ͸׳ϵǰӴһĪľӲ֣ˮޡ
ȴΣ֮£ͯתһµʩչˡ
֮£׳ԭֱһá
ķ磬չһϮӣ裬ǰ׳ϵһ˫۾˸ŵǹ⣬ޱȵ
һ䣬ͯƵĸоֱţֻǰˣֱˣ÷յǸ׳ˡ
ֻͯޱȵĿֲ·ɼ׵ֱ
ϡʦ㡭
ͷֱǲʹˣͰ͵ؼֱ֪˵Щʲô
Сӡ
׳ֻ֣ȴͯƲ
׳ϵˣһֱڹ۲㣬ⲻɲģĶ
ʦʦ桭ͯǳ˿ȶһ㲻þ
ʦ桭Ͽ˼
һ˵ɾͿͷ絷ƵֱŰ׳ߵͷ̡Դڵ죬ֱҪѪ
ƫƫ׳Ͽֱδ
˵׳صҪʲôʲô
ҡʦ桭ϡ
˵׳ϼֱǰˣһ˵ӡ
ͯôһ¡
ڰ׳Ŀע֮£ͯƼֱ˵ѵûС
̧ͷᣬˮҲƵĹϡ
ϡʦ桭ҶԲ˼ң˴ԣ˵ǡ˵˼ղǼ
ļ
ʯ̥
׳ϷɭɭһЦȻ
Ҹͯһ棬һֱΪġ
ƻĶ
׳ϺȻ̾ϢһұŹ㣬ڿȴ㲻ˣ֪ҲȴƫҪ˵ţɼڲԶϲ⣬
̾ϢȴǹˣȻһرĸдġ
һֱΪ㸸ͯһΣһ죬ȥ֮ʱֵиңкڳϸչˣɲɲҲͲȥ˵㡭ȴһֱΪһΡ
˵׳ԭȥıȻرֱˡ
һ˥һע֮£Ȼ˹͸˫ӣ֮η
ͯƿƺѾˣڵϵӣǳ̴һزͣŲ
ϡʦ
ն׳Ц˵ܻҪˡ
ͯƺһɣһʯͷء
ԭֻΪ׳ϻʢŭ֮ȡ벻Լģôһʱɾʹˡ
ǡ˼ģ
ϴһ˿ҵЦһ˵ͯһվȣҪվˣֻǵ۾Է۾ĵѾվ˫ȣȴ鲻Խعȥ
׳ϵĻ黹û˵ꡣ
󡣣׳˵ҿҲڸ˵档׳ǳ䣬㷽Żһķݶϣҿ㲻ʦ棬Ĳթȴ㲻á
һڣ׳쳣ݵһֻ֣Ի̧
ϡ
ͯƴȣ˵һ룬׳ϵֻ֣Ե˳ȥ
һֱͯϮ
ˣӡ硱ͯ˵ȴʮĹơ
ӭӷһɲǣֱֱ֮ͯУȴֻһоǿĶƱ˸ժȥˣֻޱȵļ¡
׳϶ĳʹƺֻˣһƳ֣ӰͺƮƮ˿
ͯƼֱͺƵģλƵֱɵվһģɲסɾȥһʱֻ֮ϳȣ˳һоϾһĶժˣָоȻǰδҲ͸ˣۿһһεվȴһһεȥԽȣˮҲ͸Ϊ졣
׳ԶԶվһߣңңעţɫ
Сӣ㻹԰ĺãѾҸˡ
ϡˣ
ѵ㻹о׳˵ѾժĵҲֻܹ͵ȥɣ亦ˣֻǲܹˡ
⡭桭ģ⡭֣
Ѿرˡ׳ɭɭصΪ룬Ǵˣصԭȥɣʧȥ书ҲΪģȥɡ
˵һ䣬׳ϻعӣתȻǸϥãԺͯƾһʱػ˹ȥ
һƵģһӰȻԿƮ˰׳ǰ
𩷢ףټһɫĳ£ֱǰڿеİ׺ףôƮƮأֱͲһ
ӣͯǰˡһ죬Ҳ˳ſش
ڴİ׳̧ӣӣݵһơ
һȻǸóȻİˣݳƣ˼ΪһƷ磬һǽǰֱ˹ȥ
Ȼİˣ϶Ϻߡ
Ѿ뵽˶Էдһ֣һ䣬ʩչȫɽưأƳһơȻ֮£Ϊ֮һ¡
˽ƵȻ֮ͣ°׳ΪųƣԵЩ㣬μˡ
׳ӴĻζһ£ֱȥȴҲѹȻӲӲ֮ͦ󣬴ػζһṤ򣬲㰲
ǰǸ𩷢׵İˣһƮǰصףɲסǺЦˡ
װӣʮˣּˣϲϲ
׳ϼ֮£ŻƽϺԳ޲죬һƬ˪
ǡôŶǴ˵˵𣿡
ĩĸַڣͻȻǴҲƵǴ
ԭȻҲͬһСšڹһ֮£Ǿ֮Բ⣬ǺȻ䴵һӿ磬䷿ʲһ졣
Ǻǡ
սİ׺ͷһİ׺ӣǺЦˡ
ӣӡʮ겻ˣһ棬ʢˣĴ֮ô
ô˵սŰ׳֮£ȴҲܲ׼Ȼ䣬վŵһҲǴˡ
⸱͸Żŵ˶Ƥ
Ǹʲôˣ
׳һ˫۾ӣһһط̹⣬һ俴ȥϵɱʢ
սİ׺ͷǻ̫үĽǰİ׳֮оɣǳ𣬾˿ɾˣֻǰ̬ⷬβ
װӣ˵ɾ͸żˡ
ǿ֮£ȻһɣһƮǰصѩ׺룬ǰ籶һƮšȻ˶Է׳ϵš
ϾҲǸߣ̸ЦУȴڞ͸ϼ͸
Ȼͬ˼Ϊ΢ĽӴ
˫ͬΪ֣֮죬ǰδֶҲ͸Ī
֮Уֻݶ컨ƿ˰һѷ졣
šУһȳɴصӣƮưڿжѣþò£ںгйɵѡ
ΣϵֻŸǶĲ룬ģȻԿеһӹַ磬ֱϴת
⣬һ̬ʱкͷ类棬оůģɱǰ棿
ѡ³⣬ʮϽˣòſףǴ򿪴˵ɣҸʲôģĲ֪ô
ߺߡ
׳ϷɭɭһЦֲֻǰشţ۾ĹʣʮʾĻϲ⣬ֻǹţ嶯
ô˵Ҳ˴ԣҪˣ
˽ңһ¿ɾͲˡ
ʯ̥
˵ˡ
ΪǼϣ
ǻ˵
϶ʱһƬŭݡ
Ϊ⾰װӻڸԼۺϡ࣬ɾ̫˼ˡ
ƾʲô϶׳̬͸Ź죬һ˫ִ궯
ֻЦѡ
׳ϺȻͣס˴궯˫֣ҲΪ˷˵ʵɵʱˡ
ðɣɡ
Цţͷѣ˻ǲˣеϽ顣
ʹ򿪴˵ɣ
׳ϵȻҲԲˣ˵ȥѵ㡭ߺߡ϶Լŵ˼ҿʲôС
벻ƽһ仰Ҳ˵İ׳ϣȻ䣬һӾ˵ô࣬ɫƣǴա
֮£ͷѣ˵˵ĳ˿Ҳǰ׳գôóӣûɽȻܻǸҷϰɣ
׳Цһٺ١˵˵㻮ɣ
һ˵ʱ׳ѹǸӣƮؾλϸ
ȥֱڱϷôƮƮأµг߰ߡ
Ϊǿʩ׳ϿɾͰѶز¶ѹ׵ն¶˳Ͼֺ֮֡ͷĿޣŰ׳־ĵҲ鲻ԽΪ֮Ȼľ
װӣ԰ָ꣬Σ
ûʲôģֱ˵ɣ
һ˵׳ƮƮӿɾֻʱƵƵ궯˫֣ʱǰأһʱԳֵֻ̬ǿнε̬ˡ
Գص΢Цװӣʯ̥ǰ˵вؾǰ飬֪Ƿģ
׳ﶯһüëһĵЦȴδһԡ
ô¡ǰһϸ磬Ӧֵ֪ˣΪ࡭²ţȴ⼫֮еһٺ٣ӣĻɾ˵ˣԼĥȥɣ
׳Ϸһ˫׶ںڵС۾ӣڶԷϴת
⵹ʧˡ
ЦһǵصԣҺĻ棬Ҫǹԣɾͱ˴ܺⷬʧӣӦñ˭αأ
׳һЦ˵ŵع
һɣľࡣ
׳˵һ䣬Ӧһ䡣
漴һһֹ˵
ȻһʮֲؿŰ׳ϵԭ㡭
׳ϴǹһ˿΢ЦɵǣҰĳҲǶԵļ֮һԣµĺģĳʮˡ
طһЦӣǲˣƲԳԷƣɾ͹ֲսˡ
ڣƵǳ۰Ȼ֮죬Ŀ
һӼ磬׳浱ǰٿһֿһ˫ָ֧ʸֱ׳һ˫ͫϷɵ˹ȥ
׳ɫٿһ䣬ַɿԷԶָԶָȥ
ĸָȻһ֮£˫ӾǴ˵ҲƵһս˿׳Ȼŭˡ
ӷµһƽһʩչһ֮ȻһΰְǭֱŽ˹ȥ
ƺѷ˶Էдһ֣ȻʮֳԾ˿Ҵ⡣
Ű׳ϵƣذӷ֮ꡱƣµӻһѴ
׳ϵƿ켫ˣµӣƣᵽԸӣ֮ȻǶ
ɫ£˫ھѹעڞ֮ʣȥӡ
װӣש߲ǵϽˣһ仰ʯ̥һպԭʮĽӦûаɣ
׳ƵƵЦţֻҡͷһ˫Сۣӳɫ̹⣬ʱѲѣȻо
ߣغһ׳˵ֻһģ㻹ˡȻˣֺαززض㣬βһ̸
һڰ׳Ⱦ˵Ĳʵ塣
ðɣ˲£ȻѱѿƣͻǼɣ
˵ȻմЦЦӴҹ侪ˡ
Ц٣ֻﴫһӼƮ֮֮Уվ˸߰ݲһĴȺ
ô˵Ȼ֣𺳡
߲ƣ߲
׳϶ʱ˹ʾһ㯣ǻۣȻҲ˵˵ĵȴ˷ں޽ӡ
Ű׳ϵı飬ȻЦˣӣ˰ɣǸɲĵͽͯСڣȫҵģôҪҪɾȫһ仰ˡ
һͣ߳һٰͯ
ǽ˻
Ӱ֮£ֶˡ
ĿĺӣҸһмЮŵǸˣȥֱûйͷɲǸղű׳Ϸ˹Ǹͯô
ϡǡǰǵ˶סˣİȫסˡ
һ˵ʱͯɲסȻ֣ټϱʩչҲѪԺӣ˿̡ΪޣΪ⡱ȴһĪչ
ߣ׳ֻطЦһʱȴҲ֪˵Щʲôźá
Ŀ֮£һ룬ٺЦˡ
ôϸ磬һ仰ҪҪ
׳ĮĿ⣬ƮͯФӣԭĻ䣬һĿ֮¾Ȼ֮ģദ֮飬Ͼһӹ˵ġ
ʵԵúܣͯƴӵҪЮ׳ֻʯ̥
һļ飬ʯ̥ɷֵֻȽĻɾƲֵˡ
书ʧѱǽΪһƾǰڲɣ׳ϣ˿飬һ̾һ޼ֵ˰ɡ
һҪˣװӣϾʦͽ֮꣬Ŀô
һ˵һֻѻָ̽ޣ»գڳһӣĹԸǰͯƣֱ׾֮£֮䣬ɽԷ¡
֮£԰׳֣֮ѾԷһ֣˵֮ȴȻѲЧ
š
׳ϻס˽Ĵ֣һ˫۾ӹڳˡôˣʵһҲвΪԼ书ǽӣȴＤǧزˡþòͻ
ÿһ˫۾ֱֱעš
ЦһװӣˣʲôˣóɣһֽһַˣǾ仰ҽĳ˿ɲӲҪĶ죬˵㻰һַʳԡ
׳һ䣬ɫǳƽȻ̾Ϣһͷðɣ˭ҽһˣ
ҡҡͷòţ㻹Լһ˰ɣҾ㡣
׳ϿҲ޼ƿʩˣתĵȻֻýסһԭ֮µͯƣ˶ҲƵŵή
ϡ
߽ҲƵأͯֻáۡһ³һǰѪͷŴڵѪһضǡ
׳ϼ߳һʹá
ӻԾһƬͯƵǰֻǽھָ죬ֻһץסͯƵ£
һ׳ϱ̶סӣֻͯŲ֪˵ЩʲôɵѪһڽһڵšһľΪҪһ֮󣬳Ϥַ֪֮ʮŲû
֮һǻ֮ˮѨֹѪ
֪ģŭ߳һСô
˵ָɣͯȥͯ־Ѿһҧһ飬һѪģ
ؤŴ֮һм书ȴҲƶͯ䲻ãҲǸһϵڴٵڰ׳ϵԴڣһָŵƵоСѪɼڴоͬھζڣ
ʱ׳ַ˵ǷƵԪʵֻһʱ͵ַѣּ䶲ţЧѣһͯƷر̳֮󣬹ŬѧԻž⿪ѹַʱǵ޺Ϊ棬ֻǰ׳ⷬģȴΪ֪ͯˡ
ǰͯһҧţѪϼ֮£Ȼɲɵţ⿪˰׳ѹԷַѪͨǡһ˲ʱͯһ伫
ҲýдһѣԸߣһ⹦ѴǷ켫֮ͯСλУ֮£ǰɾͳ˴
ʱڽָۿѽϵһ䣬ߺſ조ۡһѪꡢûͷûԣֱŽ˹ȥ
Ҳû뵽Ȼдһ֣֮䣬ٸߣȴҲ֮һϰӣٿһ˫һš
һ֡㵹ʩչòνˣֻǱȽڡѪɼ
ȴȻһƬѪ֮£ӹȴӲһʱǻ£°ӣȫѪڸ֮С
һν˵ãȴǵвסԷƴɷ־С
ƬѪ֮£ǳͯǧٵмѪ꣬޲ע裬ֱǧʸɻȣһԵȫŽк˹ȥ
ʱ䣬ǧٵѪǣ漴ڽϱըûƬѪ⣬Խ䲻µȴҲܺ

ڵϵӣȻһģվסΪ֮
һ棬ͯһڡѪɼ˵ǽҵ֣ԼȴҲ;ǰӣһͷԵһ
׳ۿһѪҲ֪ɣʹֱ
ʱ˿̣ȴͯʬ˵Ľǰȥ𣬼Ʈ磬֮䣬Ѿվڽǰ
һʱ֮£ʧһֻ°巢飬Ѫ깦ǿ֧ţʹɢһ㹦ˣѱ
ȻԴ˿龰ۣҲѵ׳ϵĳһ
˰׳ϵĺȻϮֻŵɢһģΪ֮
ͬһ£ȴû뵽ӾȻôĿ
һߺһŰ׳ǰ
жǿݣಡŰ׳෽Ϯ
׳ŵǰ龰ҪĴǲУԷ̫࣬ȴҲ̸Ͼɱǰ˵ֻ˿ɱӺ֮Ч
߶ˣһƻһκգڹµֹǰΪȫȻδǵԼĹ³ȻǴɱ¡
£Ŷ˵֮ƣƻһᵶκһԳ߰볤̵ذס
ɱмͬʱк֡
ᵶֱţذ˫¸һؿ졣
ڰ׳۾У
ƻκɱзԱ׳˫Ȼһ֣з˼ֻȴǲ޾֮
ơκ˺Ȼվס˽ŲȻǴҲƵĶһ£ֻ͸۶һӷͨ˫˫ϣʱһغ
ֳĿ֮£㲻Ϊ֮һһɱӺ﹦򣬹ȻЧʮδˣͻȻ䣬ǽһض˵ãһ˵ҳ֡
ĽִһģܵصݳһСֿһ˫ָޱȼ񾢵ֱŰ׳һ˫۾
׳Цŵˡ
ƽʱһ֣ʤܣǷ˼⣬˿ȴǴвͬǿʤͽȻȡ衣
׳ϻַһ߬ס˽һ־ȴǡôֻʹýϺꡣ
Ŷ
ֻ˵ôһ֣ɾûģѱ׳϶õġѨַסѨ
ⷬΣƽҲǼܣʹıסҲʩԼҵġѨ⿪ĿǰȴΪ
Ŷ
һģȴڵأԭǰ׳һֻצ֣أԽ֮߬ϣһ䣬亹졣
ӣҪ¶ô
µͷȴҲݲأֻʹñ
׳һ˫ݵӣƵƵϴת㻹ô
˵ʱͷ׷ȫ
Уֱӵظоӣ³̾һӣ͸ʹİɣ
˵գԱ۾
׳ϴʱҪֻһ£ʹԷѪըȴվ̣һЦȥɣַշ㣬ѱ˳ȥɳԶԺǽ֮⡣
ʣµ˸ɥһʱк׷ɢ 







 

  
ʮ¡ʧ̬ 

ҹ°׳֩Ժʬ֮䡣
Щʬ֮У׳идĵȻͯƵһˡճյߵǾʬǰ½Ųϸϸشšáá鲻Խ
¬ľ˵ˣ
ѩӦһһλһϸع۲ŶԷɫ
ΪԼֱԳƵ֪һˣôհƺӦΪǷ֪ԼǷӦø
ôţһʱ岻ȴ֪οڡ
طܾҺϲ¬Ļ˵ҪҪŸ·ϣסϼ졣
ѩȻϲͶס죬ʵûʲô֮µȴȥ
ûô¬૵صλĵĹ˶ˣȴȥô
ѩʱΪ֮һţʵڼǲǷСѡݾڳµ߹ʹԼû͸¶ڷ磬ôô֪
¬̾ϢһӣĿǰľգΪҲ֪ô
ָǡ
¬ϳ˵΢ЦȴЩȻòңҶһУ֪úһһ
˵ʱ鲻Խһ㱡ŭѾͷԼ´ִƯ˭Ҳ۾˵ɣ浱Ҳ֪أ
ѩ𲻽ֳڨڨ֮ɫ˼Žô
¬Ȼô˵ʵȴ˶ŭԳһƬƽ
Ҳ޹ﷳʵҲѡ˵Ѿͷ˵Ϊ˵ԣֻǶ㵹ҲһƬġλȻûмҲǲ
ΪˣԶׯֱԭǲȦȥģƫƫȴ˽ȥ
ν廹ϵˣҲֻԼܹԼæˡȶԷѾͷһֱĻΪ̫ף˽ԡĺҲȻ벻Ѿͷһ飬ܹȻ뿪ָѩɽǰͶ㡭֤֮
˵΢΢̾ϢһصҲ֪˵ȴð֮գ벻ȻӣΪġ
ѩһ˵ǰ֪Ĳ
¬ĵͷЦһ½ͩȷҪŮ㣬ԸңԸ̫ߣд⣬ȴľͰŮ޸㡭
¬ĵϴһƬ䣬ֱ֮ʾڷ˽øж͸
Ż֪¬Цʵڵ˼Ҫ׸Ҫ½
ѩͷһδ顣
¬ĵ˽ģôһ˳ŮֿɰΪĸҪһȴǿԽ֮ض㸸ĸһ̴ùȻ⼫ˣ벻ȴһաˣŮҲ̳ߣ½ͩǶˣѾͷϣֻ·һ
˵鲻Խضһ̾ѾͷȻеΥףҳߣ󵨵ȥ׷Լİ顭һ㵹Ҷʮ壬ֻǣôӹ½ͩģҿɲסΪһ亹
ѩһôǺãҪһȡ
¬΢΢һ̾ԭ飬æֻǰﲻˣһѾͷҳɼҲ֮䵽ǸŮĹϵ˺Ѱ죬ο½ͩͬˮҲãһֻ¸㡭ҲֻпԼˡ
ѩ룬ȻҲˣʱд꣬ȴ޼ƿʩһʱòΪѡ
Ĭһ¬ĵѹǰﲻʲôæģҲͲٷˣѾͷúܣȻԼһװ취ֻǸҲͿһˡ
ѩֵʵѵûߣ
¬΢΢һЦΪˣ⺢ӵúܣɲ׷ˡưɣϷںͷأ
ѩ֮£ʵһ˼δ֮£ȴֽ֪ʲô⡣
δʧϺȻ΢һϸ죬ǹѩˣֱܱ
¬ȻҲˡ
Եͷݶ֮ϣҹµĽŲܿܽһ֮ѷѰ֮⡣
ѩԭȥ鿴ֻѾסΰӣȴʱֹס˶
¬Ȼ֪ˣϹ΢΢ЦˣΣҲµǲɣ
Ȼ֪˷ȷδԶȥѩʶطЩģȻٴ˴δ鷢չʱȴֲѰת룬Ѿ˾ĶѣҲֻԼзΧ֮ڣͬˡ
¬ļĬԣصǼ仰ǹ˵ģѾͷɵúܣľǿƢˣǾİϡֻ
˵ͣס˻ͷ΢΢ҡһͷҲڣǷȴǣңΪȫƣӦһ쵽ȥǣѾͷĻɲȫŵġ
ѩվǰԺ䣬һԲΪ࣬Լֱţһ𣬷ŵ£ԼӢţһΪȻˡǲ˼֮ˡ
ڵ¿˰飬ѩֻֽɳɳϵҶƴţֱǴת
ꣿֻ뻳
֮оԼǱˣˮò𣬷Ų£ɷ߳ߣ
ɳɳεΣһϸɳӰʲڴֽϣǲǵϵɳӣͩӶһǽ֮һŲͩϵͩӶ͸ˣÿһط紵ʱºЩڴɳɳ죬컹̫壬ҹ֮󣬿ɾüʱ˿̣νǽͩ䣬Ӧδߡˡ
飬ѩվذѵƹⲦˣһޡ
ʱȴˡۡһϸ죬ǽèǰ΢ɾһҲˡ
ѩﲻΪ֮һһֻ־˰ͷϵǿڳϡ
ȻΪһֻèֻԼĶˡ
һɳɳǰҹ˵Ĵæˣǰ֮£ʹĶټ⣬ҲԷֱĽŲرǶԷپһṦǾ͸ѷֱˡҹп͹˵Ļôӷɱõڻˡ
ѩһ˼⣬ֻս֣ǵû£ѳֵøˡ
΢һҫĿ˸žĳϡ
Ҳһ˵ڶεĽŲҽǰصһ΢ҲƵԼ˯ǰ
ѩ𰵳һ˼ţôĵ
нһ⻪һӳȻ䣬ȴʱֹס
ˡơ΢ߵ
ȻǴԼģѩ㲻ðʧسˡ
˭
ڣϵһڳѻС
ûлش𣬴شȴһεߵ
ѩкɣ㣬ǰƣֿţ˷š
ӿʹһʱƶôķΧ֮ڣʵںʲôܹܵס
Ȼһо࣬ΪԵģͲǵˣһˡ
ʹںҹѩҲһ۾ϳ
㣿
˵仰ܵһڱȷûе⡣
ﲨһתƳһۣ漴˽ģһɼŨִľȴʹѩΪ֮һ
Ⱦˣ
ﻺػعЦҲƵЦţһû˵
ˣӿ⡣
˵Ž᳤ֳ˸Ȧ
ִ˸Ȧ
˳ɢȹƮôһȦһȦشתǷ̬ǡŪӰ˼䡣
Ҵ磬㿴ôţ
תתţȻŵ
ѩһзѳסµӣˣǺοࡣ
ְգ߷ͬ顣
ѩþаƵذλ
ŴϵӣֱһƥӣϸһͷҲƵĴϣһ˫֣ǡذ籡
ҡΪ㡭
ǳ߽֮ϷѩĿէһӴ֮£ɲסȻһһʱԵЩʧ롣
鷽һϵһϮ£ɽ⿪⻹£µƲմĽ˸⡣
ɵһ˫˯ۣ΢ǣʾŵǳǳЦ̣ż̬ġ
ֱ̬ⷬƽʱѰٵڣ̬Ի¶
Ϊ㡭硭ҲźȾƣˡ
ߡΪҡ
ѩ޲ܹȥݺݵظƣȴǲʤʹϧǵöԷӺݡУ֮ҹŵǲͬն
һ˼ңԻȻ˾޴󲻿˼ת䣬ɣǲ˼ˡ
ůһˮѩֱǰ
ӡȻЦվȴѩһֻֽʵذסˡ
̹׽סʵֻӣ֮䣬ǡ紺ԭа飬ӵһʰ
ѩݺݵţ
޷ȵؽڣһо񼫣ˣ޲ܺݺݵؽѵһ٣ΪⷬģڶԷ̻¶
Ɑˮȥ
ӹ˵á漴һ˸⡣۲Ȼ̬ʮصⲻǾơƭ˼ҡ
ѩЦŵţҲԼ
ڡꡱЦ
硭㿴ô
˫̯ȫ֡
ѩ۾Ｘ˻ȴħ𣬶ޱȵķ⡣
һߵأΪѳںá
ƫǲԽ⿪
ѩһΪںãȴѿ
Բˡ
һΪ·õͬʱѩ֮£΢΢͹ָǽڣѵ˷µġ顱ѨϣΪ֮һ漴ƶ
ֻ뿪Ц̬䣬أԳճյԷţףȴǾҲˡ
ѩ˫ֱԭԼԴ֮ϣ뵽ףְķڰϣ˵պʹϧ
һᣬ
תǰƿֽһĬƬ̣תǰ
㲻ôĥԼ벻
һ죬
֪һӵίҿɲҪЩԺ˵
ﻨݼʾһƬЦֻ̣Ц࣬ѩĿ֮£һ̾ȡһϴ裬ǰ
ȰȵľƸ³Ժ˵
˵겻޷Ӧ漴ְת£΢žһӳ鴤ţ漴Ż
һڽһڵĻˮǲ٣СӣʱڳŨصľ
ѩɴ߹ȥҲɵķųĴ漴˽
أһڽһڵĸŻţо¾֭ҲҪ˳
ѩһ⿪ϵѨһֵ裬Ϊڣ˰죬Ūɾ
¾оƣһЩһ˫ˮӣôô
˵ţ漴΢΢ر۾ᣬ͸ܵĽëҲƵĹ˳
Ȼ۾㯵ҡˡ࡭ѩ
᲻ῴңôᡭ
ֱעӶԷ۾仰ڣһͨ죬ҲڼֱЩ鴤ˡ
΢ϣֻƵƵҡͷһͷ㷢ҲƵɢţһеʾôĳԻã֯ŵһ飬ȴд֮ơ
ѩԭĿ⣬ȻΪ֮ήˡ
㡭οࣿ
ƺֻһ˵˵꣬ͻصӣƵݱ䣬ȻǺ侲пᣬʵ΢չҲֻеԼˡ
ѩǰ뵽ԺȥҲǳţ뿪ӣǰⲽѡҲֻôˡ
㡭ѩվסվס㲻Ҫ뿪ҡС˵Ůˣתʱ˾лǵӲʣʯĳˣҲΪ֮顣
ѩվס˽ŲѪӿ죬Թ̾ţ
·ˡҳȥ߾ͻ
һͷٿһۣ˵仰ٲǰȴƫƫŲ
Ųƣرס
һ£ûоµһ˫Ů˵΢΢ڲţĲ㺣ݵˡ
ѩ߿ûСһ˫׵˫ֲ죬˫ϥȣֱĺرס
ȻоĦšȵؽ˿˿ظܣᣬ߽ૡĽӴ顭ѩҰ㡭벻㡭㡭Ҫ뿪Ұɡ
ԸΪһ£Ϊ
ѩعӣ̽Ӵ糺˵˫գΪˮʪ
ɵ۾ŵ飬ʴǡ

һֻ֣ķϣݵȻٶǷ׵ʱķչѲջء
ϣʿʹҪǿĹһΪȻҲǰŽҪʧȥԼ˵ʱһҲ˲ˡ
ѩƺֻҡͷ̾ķݶˡ
ֻ̾ϢţԼҲĪ֪ʲôʱȾ̾ϰߣǰһڽһڵ̾ϢԼҲǹ˵ġ
վú˵
һ˵˫ְӲ
ҡͷҪһеĲⶼҡȥӰ٣ڹѩķ֮£øֱٲ
òˮȴԵθͣ
û뵽㾹⡭ѩҡҡͷмĻȴǲ̳ڣԷʹ࣬˵ʲôࡣ

ʶˮ˫Գʸ׵۾ʳԵô˵
Ǳˡ
ҧһƺ˵ԹͺޣԭҪйһģֻǰ˾ôһദʱˣʱȻˣ٬ڶгʱҲҹðָܣȥദܶġ
㡭ͲҪĥˣɴһ仰ɣҪҪҡ
أزͣţֻ͸ȴžǿ̯Ƶζ
ѩû뵽Ȼдһʣô󵨣ֱһʼֱмܡ
Ǹɵ⣬Ҳش㡣
ѩ滺
һҲɵﶢ׵úܣܾˣ㲻ǲϲңֻȴҡܸңΪʲô
ҡûСѩӣϲ㣬һֱϲ㡣
㲵ϣһ˿ЦݣֻǴҴһֶѣüë⼸ѳӡı־µһֱ飬֮ȥ֮롭ܲģȴֲĵһֳ
ȻӢۣܡȴƫƫѲ⵭һ겻ˡ
Ͷһѯʵ۲Ǿ㹻ˡ
źһʺţΪʲôΪʲô
Ϊܡ
ѩһεʵЦֻҡͷ
ﻺشͷ̾һȻЦһת䣬ʹظյĳǿʤϣˣڰϸˣһ䣬˫ˮͫ¶
ΪСǣϲ
ѩߡһδô
ҾǲһһǿƯұ´󣿻ǱҸ㣿
ѩ΢΢һЦ⣬ǲܻشġʵ˵Լ˿̵飬Ҳڼҳ֮УڽյദеӡĽʹ·Сһ˿ǸȻļߣѰСǣҲ˲ԭ
ô˵
Թغݺݶ
ѩҡҡͷȻǲһԣ˿鸴ӣб⣬ʵԴ𸴣Ҫڼ侲֮£ȷĴ𸴣ұҪС֮󣬲ܶԼĸʶΪ϶
ҹˣҲûȥˡ
ȥһЦصȥѾûмˡ
ѩʵһ֤¬˵٣ŮܼݣɾʹΪǡ
ҲΪҵģԼ¡
˵վصҲʶòǲ׷ģΪҪõ㣬ǲֶεġ
ѩֱסˡ 







 

  
ʮ¡鳡սཻ 

ѩǰΣƺҺܲδʤ˵úܡ
ѵصղû̻شҵ⣬֤ﲢһûзֻҪһϣҾͲ׷Ź
˵˵ţ˫۾ˮ޺ͰһεĳʹЩסԼֻֽҪڹѩǰʧֻ̬бܿһ;˭ԸԼİǰʧ̬ȴֻһε̣ޱ¶Լƺܲǣȴѵһ¶
ǿűߵЦ̵˵ܺЦǹﳤ̵ġֻҵֶ֪ҽзôƺҡ
ѩͷʾ֪ˡ
ЦҡҡͷҲţԭϣСܹΪѡȴǾԲˡ
ѩΪʲô
ΪʲôЦţ㻹ҪңǲֻǸ˽ģһ󷽵ԼİĹˣ治룬ټʱʲôһ桭á
ѩһ£صɲɵѽ
ƺ۾һ
ʲô
ղ㲻Ҫôƺô
˵ţѩȻˡ
һ۾˸ϲõ⣺㻹ûбˡ
˵ţ
ѩعţضصڵ϶һţɣҲǸͭΣˡ㡭ҵĺãĲֻ֪ǡֻǡ
Բ۾һһ³ֻôˣ
ֻҲܡ˵ţѩѵϣйһƤң٣޾ɥ
Ϊʲôܣüë˵Ϊʶ
Ҳ֪ѩҡҡͷ㲻Ҫ⣬Ĳ֪
ߡЦŵ˵ֻкޣȴҲˣ˵Ϊʶ֮ȣңҿҲԸ
ѩ㯵ҡͷһ䣬ʵҲЩãȻˡ
˵ЦԼСǣҲֻô棬ٵÿԻƵĸȷ˷ѽ⡭
ô΢ĸ飬˵ϬһͨһͱСƬΩһĶ֮ʱˣʲôҲûж˵ֻǻأµĸĬ㾡ڲ֮ˡ
ĬĬעƬ̵侲֮ʹָԭҪͷǲŹ۲Էġ
׻˸ڹѩʹϣܱʾôĺ󣬵Ĳ׽Сķ˼Ϥ΢һ仰Ҳû˵̵ۣ⾳ôСαһУ档
ѩȻû˵һ仰ȴѵ˵ǧپ仰յĿ⣬ֻעǰһյӫӫµƣ˼š
ڤڤУСǵӰǰޱ޼ʵĿ롣
ѩʵظоһֳ٣ȴƳġԭٴһˣȻڴ˷ôһǽ˵һˮҪٻصԭĴ̸ףƩ£ʵҲǡ˻ȣֹĻƺӣȻˮʱǻƣ޻֮һˡ
оһᱬСȴԶһ׸ʹǰΪ֮𺳡
ѩɻоѹȻһķӶΪԼŵʧ̬оھΡ
΢΢̾һ֮ĸ飬ѾôˣȥҾȻһֱ֪һϹӡ
ǡô
ԼԻˡ
ðɣҸһ̫õϢλϻվСжȻȫȴء
ôˣѩȻһ
ģˣֻ۾Ϲˡ˵仰ٿţͶڳҹɫ֮УͷҲصȥˡ
Ʈϸ꣬һƬ֮Уһףʣһߣһߣȥȴʼը
˵ҲԵʮֵ䡭
ѴŰˮĳϴ֮£ԵøĽۣһԶǴΣԶԶζƫԺӵţһ޴Ժƿΰ
СˣĲ죬˼
ȻǺ̵ܶһʱ䣬Ӧ˫Ŀʧʵ
ѽɽ֮ٵģȻͬпʵȻˣҪȥġ
ԭָųϺؽת˭ָ֪һ㣬ѰˣûһļδѰǸνǻֻмڴˡ
۾˾û۾˵ʹܣȴҲԲʧߵǷӦһһ˫Ŀʧ֮һеһжǻΪֻԿ˼룬ĳϢһе˼ʹϵҲֻƾԺ֮ȴǱһζͷˡ
Ѳ֪ˣ˿˿ϸбƮȾɢͷʪϵĳ¡ȴƶģʱ˿̣мޱޱѵʧ֮
ĺ˭֪λŮĴ۾Ϲˣ⼸Ƣãһĳ֣ԶرֻܿǼСУĻͬʼվ֣ԶԶظţ۾һʯͷɲġ
һȣСԶԶس
˵үģôôõһϹۣ
һӷ𡱣һԺС۾˲ΪһôţҹҾһΣμϷɻˣһˣٺ٣˱¿ɴˡ
ŴͣСκ۾ô
ͷܣܡĲκõġ
Сжֿˣһ棬ɷнƵġ
ЦЦţС̾Ϣʵ̫ˣǸҲ̫ˣȻҲһΣĹΡ
һ˵ĸѽ
Ҳɵۣ۰Ͱ͵ţ˵۾Ǹˣ
ǲǡСҡͷǱϹ£ġ
Դһ顣
Ȼغֲ˼صġ˵ǿɲҴȥ
Сͷҡø˹Ƶġ
ŵĶţһ죬Ϸʦ˵һǸı¿ɴأ
СȫɵˣȻ֪顣
Ǹβģ˵˵һչصġ
ʲôչصģ
Ǹʲôģ
ҿɾͲˡ
ףԲһ˫СۣʲôҪǵģģʲôն
ҲڹСһһ䣬׵üֱмܲס
ȵǶ˵ˣ̵صʲôҵĻû˵ꡭأ
㣬Ǻ޵ֱҧ㡭㵹˵ѽ
ҪһҿҪˡ
ˣ㡪һ˵޲ŶԷһȭ
ššˡ
ˣګګôһ£ǸչصģǸҲǸչصġ
£ǵչصǸʲôģģô
ҡͷ⡭Ͳ֪ˡ
ŶȻ˵ҲƵص˵ľǸչصģǰǸش๫ѵ
ôһ˵Сֶסˡ
ԡͷôһᣬɾ;Դ׼ǹش๫ԭôһ£˵ϷƽǲµģôĺȻһԭǹ๫£ѹˡ
ţһһ˵Ҫǹش๫Ҳˡ
ƵƵͷҲֻйش๫ܹһԣһ˫ֻǣɱһô£
ǡֻ۾ȫעӹȥҪ˵ЩʲôĿУһΪĵҪ£ǱÿҪ
Сګګصλش๫ҲǺѡ
ʲôѣС֮£ԲһСۣش๫ôԸﶼҪã
ҾͲ֪ˡ˵Ϊšŵģ
СеҪش๫ͲˡλǿôܰͲأ۾ҲϹˡ
ҡͷҲ˵๫ˣȻϷ֤塭Ǻλ鷳
ô顭
Ͳˡô˵أŮ֮¶鷳
գһۣʲʲôŮ飿
ģŮ֮㶼㡭׻ˡ
ǲ֪꣬ıҪһ㡣
⣬һګګص˼ұͲҪУ
ǵһͷ㶼˵ЩʲôСĸʦڡ
ŵͲѵ㶮
ҡͷ̾˵ӲҵȻҲûֻǿɱҪö࡭Ů֮飬ȡ鷳
ô鷳̲סһ䣬˵鷳ô鷳ֲ˵
ګګصҡͷ̾ôƵĽȥģһһŮˣǵûʲôһˣŮˣȡǿɾ鷳ˡ

Ŷ
ѽ˵ȷ˵ɣλһλ˹ش๫˶һƯִֶһĺã˵๫Ҫ˭˭
ҡҡͷǻʣȻѡˡ
Ҳͷ顣
ЦҲǹ๫ô֪ﵽϲ˭߶ãҪҪԴף˵ﷳ
ͷôһ˵鷳
ԭŮ˵ô鷳ѽŴ켸ɵסˡ
ϻҪǸʲôҪأ˵ѽǵеĺãԴһ꣬һʲô¶ûˣÿֻܳͺá
˵ţǺ˫ֺʮ͵͵ţӷ𡪡
ʦ֣Сʦÿÿհ֮£Ų˫˫ѧҲ𡰰ӷˡ
һδϣɾͿϸ˿мΪ׵һɮǱµϷɳʦһͷң߸߹ˣٺļˣǱĸְ˾ɮˣһ˺ƺƵֱƫ
СвҵæһԣʮӭۿųƺǸձһԺϷɻعӣԸɮ˵ǸԶȥɣ
ٹɮת뿪Ժ󣬳ƺвͬǸһֱ˽ǰ
ӵӭӷʦ
СһϺкʮʰ
Ϻеͷʣô
Сб˴˿һۣǰһګګطʦĻÿٷʱֻ٣ʱ򡭡һˡ룬Ҳ˵ܡȰ뿪һ㡭
ϺһЦۣͦϲһСͽܵģΪһƬӡ棬Ⱦʡ
µͷʱȥɣأ
˵
ȥָ֪ѻطȥˡ
Ϻеȥһ˵ˡ
Ӧţæܡ
ȴǸ˺ǺЦţһ˫ƵۣӰ΢΢ͷº࣬ŶѼƽƽСЩ˼²ֻȴǻҪӦС޵ϰ
ƺһ㶵ôһЦ¶ſѾڵǲ󿴰ɣգշǳҵеҪЩղźãȴֲı׾ν˵˵ⷬ㵱ȻǶõˣ
ͷָݣǼΪЦ쳹ƵļƣֻõһȺҰ񣬷׷𣬷·ɽ˻Ӧ
ƺҡҡͷһ;ֻ²ƿͣ˵˵ӷ𡪡
֮£ڶԷһЦһǰθΪ֮£治һһ
Ц֮Ϳɺؾ¥䣬һХ֮һ˿ذ˸漴١
ƺ˵һηЦ֮ʱϸݵڶηЦᡣ
ӷ𡪡˫ֺʮŷţٷգգʩ۾Ҳ̫ˣǾعѽӣల£ֺαطҪ뿪һǶˡ
غһƵأݹȴ԰һ͸оɭɭĪֺλĲƲˣΪһ£βлңҶ£дҲͲٶˡ
ϺһЦֻŰӷ
̸˵Ц֮䣬ǼΪȵ֪ѣⲻ֪ʶãмһξ룬ʮ֮ûйˡ
˿Ʈѣɫʮޡ
˺ٺЦ㵱ѲȴиţΪ㻹еĸɮĪǲ֪׼ǹܲõô
ƺ³üִѶʩ𱸵ǣֻһˣ²Ϊްӷ𡪡
˵֮䣬С첽˵뷽ʦ
Ϻеͷ֪ˣȥɡ
ʮΪݵǡ
뿪ȴסСʦ뿪һˡ
Сһ㶣ǡʩʲô£Ҫô
Ц˵úã˵úá
ƺеͷλʩԹⳤɽʩ˳ҩıǣǰ
Ӧһǰ
Խӵظ˵ããСʦиҩ䣬ǰصúܣöô
ͷ˵öö
ӵǾ鷳ȥΪɣ
ӦţһСܣ漴١
ƺ΢΢һЦǸƫСӣĺ컯ǽȥɣ
漴ǰȣһ齵䷿
ųţСţϵĽŲŲλվ˵ʦˡ
ƺ˫ֺʮӷ𣬹ܿˡΪһλǰѡ
漴ԵǸˣһλ˳ҩĿǰйţ
СǶʱһһʱ֪˵ʲôźá
ΪҩǸտ˺ǺЦǱϷôе̲ϣʦ֮顯ͽܴµĻʦ滯⣬Ȳ˵ģϷȿΰɣ
ˣд˵꣬Ϊʵĳ˳ҩ˲εһλˣӹ˵Ǵһͳĸ㡣
ΪдһϵСէܲΪ֮һ
£κηӦҩ˫ⶶ񶯵ƣ̾дƬͬһε֣ؽСǵͷסһȵ֮֮ڣСȫ鶯һ£ʱͬľ㶯á
Ȼξǽֹڴˡ
ҩ˶˫֣ƬСϵΪǧٵϸС˿ѭ϶꣬׷׽С֮ڣһʱޱȡⷬ˶Ͻһʱ䣬΢ֱǰδƺ£Զ߶֮Уʱֻͨ£ޱȣʱΪֱ֮꣬ҩջ˫֣ⷬĸоΪ֮ʧ
ӷ𣬡ƺһګګʩʲôף
ҡͷ˵Ĳ඾ȥֻʣ˫Ŀһν˫ͫƽ£ҿ˵ɣ
˵֮ʱС汳ҩӽϺǰ
ҩӣС۰Ͱ͵ؿ˵ʩ۾оûУ
ƺ㲻Ҫ˵
˲ЦҪһƬͯģǡǶҵƢθ
ݺҵҪúõһǡ
漴СУҸæҷ£ȿ۾оûУ
ӦһȥСЦԼ漴һλ
ˡߡһôһ֪ĪҪǿСʦһ֮ɣ
ǷԸСζλá
Ӧһһӣá
˵ͷˣһҪӣ
ƻཻѨƣСȻá
һɾʹΪˣһʱǵͨ죬ګګ⡭ʦ
һ˫۾ɨϷɣһʱԥŵӶս
ƺСߡһſʩ˵ĻȥǴһ
ǣ
һ˵Сж֣ȴץסСǵ˫ָֻ֣ഥѣС󷽵طץס֣˻ཻʱ»СѾߵӶˡ
С۾һתͷˣҪСе۾عⷴӣʱҲܿǣ
̾Ȼѩһ¾ͲˣĪǹԭ;Ź
ǵǡСҡͷֻǹȥʦ˵ѧʶѡ
˵ƺסķŭǰĿ뵽ĵӽ̫Ͼʦͽһϵӷʦܵộ̸֮䣬λֵλ¡ǰˣܵʧȥԭе𾴡
һЦȥδ֮ǰһֱΪѲԭ㾹ȻţΪ죬ͻˡ
⼸仰էһڣһԳֵĳϺҲɲסɫȻΪ֮һ䣬ʵ벻СǾȻһӻǰߣʧ̬漴׹
ӷ𡪡Ϻ˫ֺʮ૵һţʩǾѷɽ£Ϊ˹Ĳɽȴʮˡ
˹һЦϺ㲻ҪлҪ˵źãڶɲǺͷ漴תСǵҸҲֻȴҲҲãîСֽô
Сǹصǰҵ⣬ҿɲ˵ֻΪЩְˡ
ǻһЦصϷҪԭ͸ꡣ
ߣǰ֪ˡ
Ŷ
ֻʽ̫ͽܣ
ôһɲĵĵӡ
Ϊйţ
˵ôһ㡣
Ӧֻһ㡣СЦͽԼΪǵ¾˽֪֮£ʦֻ֪һѡ
˼գһ۾ˣڹҽ̵
ֹǽ̵
СǿЦһ£ΪƬ̣Իͽŵŵҵ۾ʹϹˡҲֻҸ˵ı㲻ʲôЩԩꡭʺ޺ֻͽһҲ壬ǰ㾹ؿΪԹۣԼƲã˴ΪԾ˼⡪Ҷд֮ˡ
ӷ𡣡ƺګګصʩ˴γҪͽɽ԰꣬ݿʩ۾ǷоȰɣ
С΢΢̾˿漴ֻһӵίܾʹƽ뵽֮ɲסѡ
ֱʱźٺЦ𱸵ǣȷϷѡ
쳤̾һλʧڽޣһĳ̬ʮݵ˵ңϰ԰ٲ֭壬ϴ֮
΢Ƭ̣Žȥ˵ѣùڣʮ֮Ѿ洫ʮԺҳ书ҲûʲôԴˡУ𴴳ʽʮ꣬׾ɽžദΪ֮ʮ֮УƷչͻҳʡʵ˵ϷҪֹУǷĵֻδ֪֮ȴʮ֪Ȥʦˡ
ްӷ𡣡ƺ˫ֺʮګګоȻһ㣬ʩҵȾȻһЩҲ֪
СɫԼƽͣȴһΪʦͽǰʮ֮Ϊֺȴ֮ˣ˼ܼʱԼֻ¾ǽյˣΣ˼ҵĳɽҲ̫١Ըˡ
˵ͷ˵ɡ
һ˵̧ժͷң¶˸âҲƵһͷ׷ҩһţϱġ
Ϳһ˫Ӱɣ
˵֮ʱһ˫ƣ˫˫СеĺѨϣȴһɽꡢ׿ڹת롣
СӶһؼľ˵һԪ֮ڿʹ֮£ʱСеĵ֮תƵϡ
СǶʱһȡ
漴Сеһ˫۾һɲǣΪ֮һڡ
Сзһʱ˫ĿʧʲôҲˡ
ֻСȴΪ֮ǰһŹ˫ԭʧ˫ۣȻΪ֮
һľϲֱʧ룬ס䡣
ҿˡˡ
ǰһһоǰϺСֿǰӡԼССÿһ˵˵УıޡҲһɲ֮䣬ʱΪ֮⣬ɢ
ÿһԵô֣Ȼ˵һڿ֮Ժ
СԵˡ
ʲôô
̾һ˫ֻس
ص˫֣СǶʱǰһڣʱڳĺڰ硣
ڴͬʱСȴǰһָԭе
ӷ𡣡Ϻګګ˵ĿⷺȻжʩòȽĿ֮ƿǡ
ߺߣЦһ۾ȻȷжνףڷϣҪǴﱾտԼеľε÷ֻѡ
ƺҡҡͷһĿɲҾӹۼͣƷľε塣
˴һ
ϺеָѩɽõķʩйţʵλıգӦա½
˵ͷ֪ˣݹ½ͩžĸˣ

˵鲻Խطһ̾
뵽һҹڡϻݡ߹裬Ϻв١
ƽܴ裬ÿһ𣬶Ϊ̹֮Ȼͻ
΢΢׵ҽأýټֻ֮֮ҲΪܽһ룬ҲͲˡ
Ŀһתϵ˵ⶾ˫ͫԭǲ֢֮ϷʵҲΪĿҲֻܽ߾ܣһĽңֻϣʵСúܡ
Сڸղ˫Ŀʱһ䣬ȷоľϲֻΪԭʱôһ˵Ϊʧֻ˷֮һľңټһʧҲˡ
Цһ£˵ǰôأֻҪһϣҶԸһԡ
˵ͷϢϷϺȡٶһаɣ
˵ǡ
ֻСչһУƺһ֮ͬҩһõԺС
Ϻеһ˫۾滹оô
ֻ̾˵˸ѡ֡
ƺеղż˵һϣԷϷԣʵƲҪˡ
̾ϺУҲͨҩ֮ˣ֪˫ͫҲ޾֮ɣ
ƺһվס˽Ų
ҲҪһ˵Ҳˡ
һ渵ϴȫʤΪ˰㣬о޶Ϊƾˣͨҽмˣ֮ƣ˫ͫ˫ĿʧϺ±Ҳиţ
ŶϺǺȻʲôƵģĻˡ
ʱ꣬ĴʱǾ˽֪ϹӣϹӡ˼Ҷôƺԭ۾ôϹİӷ𡪡
΢ЦЦϺĪֻ֪۾Ϲȴ֪۾֮ô
⡭δ
Ҫ˵ġګګ˵ǽʤ˫Ŀʧ󣬶ݼɽ鳢ٲݣϣĿ֮һİ׷ѣȴʳݣЩɥۿ޾֮ʱȴصһҩݣһͷС󣬱ġϡȻصõ˾ΣǵеĶ֢еĶʣҲ˸ɸɾǹҲ֣
ƺдһֱš
Ϻе
֮С
ƺкһڲ裬ګګϣ
˵ͷһ񶾶ɵĹϡ
һ˵̽ȡһľϻϺеǰ
ƺнŽɵؽӵУֻľϻһѨȴʲôϡ
ֵ۹⣬˿һۡ
漴ҩڣȡһССֽǼɫ죬֮۵ľֲ
ǽ䳤ָף۾һˣСһ㣬ϻѨڡ
˵Ҳָ֣̽ٿѨڴܳһֻССɫʲֻһڣѽָǵ۲ȥ漴ٲػأѨ֮ڡ
ƺȴѿ˶ԷģǽѰҪһЩһССϣȽ֮ͨŲ⣬ͷϸ룬Գʷʴһ׶ģ
ԭΪϻвȴû뵽һֻѡ
˿ЦЦϻǣϡ
Ϻеֻһֻ
̾ҷѾǧ࣬һѰʮֻѣԭúûʹֳ֮ȺȴΪֳʧۿһֻֻˮȵϰ֮ȴֻʣֻ֮һʮǰԹ϶ֻʣôһֻ
Ϻеô˵ﻹоô
صƾһֻССϣָܹĿ֮룬ôһ˫α㲻ͬ
ƺдһٷ𡱣ʧصô˵һϣʯͷ룬ܹҵڶֻϡҪǡǡǴһ˫
˵ͷһҲҲΩһһϣȴҪϺһ֮
ƺ֮£ҡͷѣǷƵأ嶾մʯͷ룬Ҫ˵ˣѰϣҲѵҳһֻ̤ǧɽˮʱ꣬Ҳֻҵʮֻѣָʯͷϣʲô漣ֻǰ׷ˣıɣ
֮£һ
꣬ſЦ̾˿ʵǼõġ
ƺе֮⣬ѵˣ
̾һپǡӡһˣ񷽲ģһ˫۾ùĿת˫ͫ˷һڲ̣ҹۣӲ㡭µ͸ˡ
Ϻ֮£ɲס͵͵һӷһһķʹõģ֮⣬Ҳûбô
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳûˡ
ƺеôֻм֮һ;ˡ
ǵҲá
仰ȻǳԿǷ֮⣬Ȼ֮£˾㶼鲻ԽΪ֮һԶϹۣʮɷԲ⣬һƬҶɻҲڶ˿̶Էһ˽ྐྵȻδǹ¡
οʾǸ۲۵Ůˣ͸ܵжˡ
ƺС˶Կһۣǰڣܲ
һֻһϺеɹģࡱǵһƬأ˷⡣
ӭһһŮǰ
Ů䲻ʶͬλʿ֪˼ĺεĹˡ
Сӡ㣿ӷͺˡ
һ˵˫ֺʮѩλŮ˰˰ݵٷ
Ůʩͼݱ£Ϊ
ģɫ԰ףȻһѪɫһڹⷢĳۣ´һ˫Ҳڡ
ƾϺй˵ľ飬ֻһۣѿɶ϶˾һѰǻֵ֮һ뵹ޣڲؽ𵤵ʿҲ֮⡣
ϺֻһĴ澴壬ųԸһӷ𡣡
ŮɲסһЦ˫ڰ׷۾ߵĹѩһҸʲôģҵǱסˣһʱش𲻳㿴ô˵أ
ѩһЦϺбɺãΪһ£λָѩɽ¬ǰ
ٽܳƺеǳµϷɣƴʦ
Ϻһ𣬺ʮ¬ҾҾ
¬΢¶ǳЦͷвÿղûﻹжλˣô
һꡣ΢ƫҼաȴֻҩһƬԷԽ
ѩ¬ģܵؾһҩƣΪһ֮ơ
ǸѰ֮κ֮£ʱע⣬ڲ֮ء
˫ԭǾʶ浹Ҳһס
δꡣ˲ʤпصʮ´ҴңֻΪ벻ȻĪֱС
һ˵Ծǿˣ漴¬ҾݣһƬ鷢ԣȴùѩƺ˫˫첻ѡ
֪˶ǾʶʮδէȻ꣬˵Ρ
¬Ļ̾ϢһҸϺеһԴ𣬾Ѳ³㡭ѽ꣡Ҳ̬ˡ
˹ЦܲϣܲϣĪǲͷ׷
źǿˡ
ô
ҵ۾Ϲˡ

ȵĺֹǿһˣһԵĳϺҲɲסɴ۾
һеʾ˵¬ĵ似ˣһϹӣ
ǰһŪ߻أȴֺȻһ¬ģŮˣȴֶϹӣ˷룬޻ֵ̿ĸо
¬΢΢һЦתƺеʦⲻ֮ͣһô
ӷĵˡ
һϺ۵롪
¬˵šһΣ롣
ۿԭرյ飬¬Ľӣس˿¬׵ȣŹѩ𡢿ˡƺеһ룬ȳ漴ֺ£
С֮󣬳ϺвګګѩСӣ֪ס
ѩͷ˵֪ˡ
ƺֵ֪˫Ϲ
ѩȻֵ˵ͷ漴վҿȥô
Ϻһŵȥɡ
ѩת¬ĵ
¬΢΢һЦȥҽģۣ֮ȥɣ
ƺӷ𡱣漴ԸߵСɳֵ๫ȥ
ѩҡҡͷ˵ԼȥɣһϺеԺС 







 

  
ʮ¡׿¡ҷ 

һ󺮷Ϯ,鲻Խʹùѩ˸¡
磬ʹȻǰԼˣԼӦźεȾصķ
»̡ɡԥֹסɢοռġ㺡ǣʵȻȻǰ
Ϯĸд
һСͬʱζŶһλıҡ
ҲǷģ¸ս۲ӵİ׷ڹѩ˼Ϊõӡ
ӡʾ£ʹδķչòһβпʸãš
Ȼʱغ
һǹϵԼδˣϵűδˣεҪһܲСĽ
˿˿꣬һϮ
һ̵һź˵аƼյ¸٣Ƕٷ֣ڰǰһ磬ģˡ
̤صˮգѩһСסССƫԺ䣬һжΪˮϴˢ͵ǿɰ
˽ʢǹʶˡ
СгһֽɡԺСţѩʱֳ˲ЦݣȻŤܡ
ѩסСʦȥ
ֻתŹѩԶԶʩһش๫á
ѩһֱ˽ǰͷúáʶ㣬ֱСУǰɣ
ǡҽʦԸרŷġ
һ˵شŹѩı飬ʲôӦ
ѩ΢΢һüͷĲô
СпϵĲǺˣֻ۾๫ǰһСˡ۾ϹˡһҲˡ
ֻ֪˶Ƶġ
֪ˡѩͷȥɣ
áá
һ˵СиæԽǰ·ֻعΪѩɡѽ๫Ѷʪˡ
Ҫǿȥɣ漴Ʋǰ˿бǰƮƮϣ˿˿أᵽֵĴζ
๫ѽϿǻˡСһӵĻҪ˵Ƶģǲ֪ѽ̫
ѩһ仰Ҳû˵ɫܳصӡ
ˣһпɶˣҪ֪һ˵òˣͺˣͺˡ
Ƭյأ
Сɡָһµ๫뿴סԼȥɣ
ѩͷ˵á
СкȻǰһ࡭
ѩվס˽ţСкګګǡģﲻƢá๫Ҫൣͷ棬ɲҪɲҪ
ɵɵģⷬءѩ΢ЦЦ΢죬벻ԼĪСһ飬ȻǾ˽֪ˣΪزأ壬Ů֮Ľֹ񣬸гԽȻһծŪⲻǣֱ˸ĵˡǴӺ˵Щ˵İɥȻСǣȴֻǸΣûһЩԹֵ˼
๫ôˣ
ѩȻ΢ЦҡҡͷСסȥ
Ȼš
ľ洫СѩĽŲûʹֹͣ
ѩߵһ£
ľȻͣסˣŴСǵ˭
ҡѩ
ڵգһӳšơһľص
ǡ㣿
һ󼲷磬ȻŴ󳨣СѵŶ
ش硭ô
ҡ
ˡ
ţ
Сزһ£غ˼ӭŹѩӣ飬ѽһѳ鴵ϡ
ѩ𡭡ˣá̫ˡ
˵ţذŤתʣסȻɲǿĵʱһǻת
ᣬȴЦ
֪ҵ۾ϹˡǶˣҵ۾ȫϹˡ
˵˵ţɾͳɴš
˵ˣȱܣ˵
һ˵СλһӴʱоСǵ΢΢زɼãδȫпʵ
Բˣڲ㡭ѩΪʹص֪Щ˺ܶ࡭˲ί
ǵûСС΢΢ҡͷ˵ʦǶҶܺáֻǵǻ䷢ţҡ
Ҫң
ΪʲôСǿЦҡҡͷ˵ǰԸҡڵȻԸһϹˡǳǵ׸ˡ
ѩ˵ʱһֱעع۲գȷݶˣԭǶôֵ꣬껪ǰ̣һܿģã뵽Ȼ콵ôһֻ𼦣һо㽫Ϊ֮ı䣬ȻһеĴ˵ƺѩϵĸôⷬʹʵֹڿġüͷͷʹ˼ʹʱѣգġ
û뵽ңأûиһ
˵úȻɣƺѩѽɼżǵͬʱ֣ҲӦȻ顣
ѩЦһ£ʱʵʱ顣
ҸһϢ۾ҲоȣȰķſˣҾϢġ
ǿǰģСǿЦ˵ҿûжٰա
ѩҡҡͷǰô˵һ֪Ϊθԭģȴˣһ֪ˡ
ˣС˭
ͻˣһ˺Ůӡѩ˵滹ͬ
СǾһǸŮģҲһ
һ˫Ŀʧˡ
Сľˡ
ֻƽš¬ġСǶÿͷһꡣ
ʱѳ˼һʱҲ˵ʮʱ
ɫȻԵôϸ˿
˿мֻӽӹɫֵǰ̬ʣƵսѹţֱ˴
ƺСˡѩ˷־ŵһ˿ǵ붨Ⱥת
ӷ𣡡Ϻгһʱˣʩ㿴ô
վ𣬵ǿȥ
漴ǰųһɼڶ˹ĶˣƺѵҪʱ̣ÿһ¬˫ƶʱСͷϾɫȥΪ󣬷֮¬ģȴ㲵ľݡ
ҽ̲ԡƺͨҽһ֮£ѩȻȽǹѩԴһ̸ʲôĵá˽һĿ⣬̲
˳̾һ¬Ҳǰʹ󹦸ˡ
ӷ𡪡Ϻе֡ӡƻ֮粻ۿֱţ벻֮䣬ȻĪҽ˷˼
ôһ˵ȻǴ󹦸ģѩסѡ
ʵڲ⡣
ǰҩ̵Ҹﱾ˫Ŀʧԡתơ֮תЩô
ٺ١Ͳ֪ˡ漴һ˵¬ĵ˫ĿʧȫͬɻΪһ̸Ƕ˫ͫ۾֮һоΪ޶ڣԱ֮֮áת湦֮ڡ
˵̾ϢһתߵĳϺеʦ֪еİô
Ϻеͷλ¬ʩԱ֮вü֮䣬ٷɢĿ֮ޡ
١𡪡գգּ֪֮ǷˣʩЦ
Ϻôһ˵֤㲩ҽˡ
ʩЦˡϺнȥֻв֮ķ˵ô˵඾ȥɻָˣôֺ¬ʩʩԡתơ֮
¬ĵرλˡ˵ͽʩչֹʱ֮ΪĿ֮Ϊ¬ⲻΪˣ¬ʩԡתơ֮Ϊͫע»һ˷֮󣬷ǵֻ½֮Ҫˡ
ӷ𡭡ӷ𡭡Ϻ˫ֺʮˣ¬ʩǹˡ
˵ʱϸ¬ģֻĿ΢΢νڼ⣬ȹ£йڶˣӹȻΪɹۣ֮תϣֻҲܻݲ١
˵λҩ֮Ƶˣʤп̾Ϣˣ죬Ϸֻ£ҽ¶ԣҲ˳Խң֪֮¬ĶԣȴȻϴһأ
䣬ȴһ΢Цҽعǫҿǲҵ
¬㲻תż߹ȻţɫԴƣȴϲɫ
Ϻӭϣʮʩ¬ʩ󹦸ô
漴ӭϡ
¬΢΢һЦѩ𣬵㽻òˣȻɣȴҲãɾͿˡ
̻⣬ЦͷȻȻæȴǷɣ˰ﲻˡ
¬΢΢Цͷȴѩҽ㣬ȴҪš
ѩ֪СǸڴΪϲʣµ飬ȻҲͲϡ
Ӧһ¬ǰһ
¬ĵ˵ʼգҲӦһɣֻǹȥһҹƣ룬Ҫú˹ЪϢһ£вϸڣҲֻΪˡ
ѩһ㵣˵
¬ĵΪȻԪ࣬ΪҵԪãĿ²ʤƣѻ˯һչ֮ſתʱ֮ڣȴҪ̲̿˯ҡ
ѩͷظģǡ
¬΢΢һЦ˵ֻˣЩ£ҲҪΪԸô
ѩͷֻվǡ
¬ĵá
ϸϸѩ˵һ飬ⷬȻ¬ԴطʽڣԿƺȻ֮䣬ȴҲ
һϣѩࡣ
¬˵֮󣬼ûд𻰣һߵôԸ⣿
ѩ룬ﶼǺУȴ¬֮⡣ȻֻԼŵʤΣ¬ıȻʮƣԼҲ岻ݴˡ
뵽вϸڡҲֻΪѵصͷӦһеԸǡ
¬΢΢ͷתһԵĳƺеʦԸȥ֮κţһֻƫɶӾǡ
ƺеŮʩģѷԸȥ﷿⼸ˮʳϣκʱȡþ޲֮Сгȡãɷǡ
¬֮£ĵϺе˵ͷŵҴ˿ڽ飬ϴʦҪʳһͣ⾲һҺúЪϢһ߶ŴҲֻзǰ಼ʩһЩӡ
Ϻӷˣˡ
ٿ¬ģԭǲ԰׵˿̸Լ˼Ȼ˹ؽϢ
ƺ漴ԽӴһⲽֻ¹ѩһˡ
¬ĿѲ⣬ȴֻعŹѩС
ѩ𼲲ǰﻹʲô
¬΢΢һЦҡҡͷûʲôˡӣΪ֮Ҵ˿ﾹǻŵýûййѾͷ֮䡭ȴҪø⣬ˡǰﲻʲôæˡ
һ˵һֻ̧ѩͷϡһ飬ʮЦһЦҺˣ֮ҡмǣмǣ
漴ת뿪
һͻѩȻһ⣬׷һ鲻Խѿڻ

¬ͣס˽Ųع
ӡ㻹ʲôô
ѩһԼҲ׺ԻȻдһ٣Ŀ֮룬ҡҡͷûʲôúϢȥɡ
¬ȻһЦӡ漴תͬųƺСȥˡ
Сתʱ򣬴ŨŨĺɫĺģÿһŰĻЪйɵš
һ˫ȴȻ˼ϸ֣֮ͣĦš
ÿһεƶ֮ʱͻһů͸˫ƣɢϣӶܰ泩
ѳǰ֮ܰУ˯֮УֺгĶѾʼ˯ԽŨԽڳĻ˯ˣֱڣŻ۾
ССض࣬ʱ޲ֻͬʱȥȴ񾲵ĸоȻйأõʱ򣬿ʲô˳ۡˣ֮һоͬ
ĽﵯһСǳЦءѽһ
ҲͬʱǰĹѩ𣬺Ȼ֮죬Ʈ硣ȵСǾĴʱԷѰȻڼ֮⡣
ءѩ𡭡СգһۣһֳЦ̣ҵ۾ҿˡҿˡ
ϲֻ˵ĸ֣տڲٶԣοΪӿᣬֻŴת
Сⷬ飬һ䣬Ŀ¶顣
ѩ𡭡ô¬ǰأ
ˣΪ㣬˼Ѿݣں˹Ϣ
С֮£΢΢صһͷֽұ´ȻΪ֮һæԷȫ£˰Ϯ֮⣬ȫ㣬һʱӶˡ
⡭ôˡҡ
ﲻضɡѩɫ඾Ϊ¬֮ɢ̫ԭеʴྶͥи֮ƣ粻ʱʹ֮ǢСѪը֮ݣ¬һʱΪҪ̷齱ߣΪﱡЧ㲻ʹڹԿĴˡ
漴عС˵һԣԴϲź˵
Сһӣɵɵصһͷ߾Ǹмһ룬ǵڶζԷ˼Լ̼ǵǰΪϽ𼦶֮㲻ɵΪԼðĦ˵ݵգ鲢֮ˣܣ֮ףԿ
ѩѽѩ㵽ĴأŮܲף֪ܲȻǴвϸڣһңģΪ½Ӵ尴˹Ҳ㣬ֽҸĸ治֪黹ǼװͿأ
ȼգͫת
Сù·һʱȴϣڴıӰ۾ϲãֻ꼻һ֣ôĶݣŵȴơˮء޿ײ˷
ԩѽġħǣԭѼģôһҿɾˣ㵽ְʲôأȢ֮⣬һʹɲء

ҡҡͷ̾ϢһŰѴˡ
Ǹ˿ӣȻֱͦͦվһҲ
СǿıӰܣһ󣬺һ󡭡ֻΪ˹ȥ벻һιδ֮Է«ʲôҩƺҲֻԼ֪ˡ
Ь㴩ˣվ
ô
㲻ͷСǰϲصվš
ǳһƤƫƫĻƼд棬﷢գ﷢ᣬҪᡣ
ѩѲǲˣŮҵǵ£ܴŸʮ֮߰ˣƺҲֻпЦķݶˡ
ֱֱվţͷ
СҪȥͷȴһʱҲǰѳֵᣬòˣַƬλ̷ͭӲãûпĨ쳤ˡ̡ˡ
˿زֳԭй
һգɰһ˲˵ͷôңƵɢţܼˣҪ˵ˡţһżѳٵģȴֻˡ
бֽסЩƶô£Ǳߡ鴵⣿
룬ȴʵֲһϲһüһһϣȴϳһ˿ᣬܾòǡ
ɣ
һᣬֻصյһſģʱѹš˵ʱʲôҲںˣԼԼ
ЦһЦɣһƣλҲ
ǣЦˣ۽һλһ
ιعɣֶԲסġ
ѩ𻺻תʵشۣͷܺãȷݹʹǰһˡ
ģɱƭң˰ɣ
ͯɵЦʵ
ߣϺȥЩҲˡЦ˵Ҫлл
ѩû뵽ⷬѣԭص飬ʱΪ֮˲١
˲ɫתĺΪڣһ£³Ʊ쬵ķϮϣرܡ
Сǻ˸Ƶģ΢΢ţЦ̬䡣
ղĻûиҡһˣţ
ѩҡҡͷҲ֪
ˣȻվס˽ţ۾˵һֱָѩɽģ
ѩ˵ѣƬ̣ڵһͷ
ˡСװµ΢΢һЦôͷѾס
ˣ
ѩ𡰺ߡһЦ˭˵ģ
ǲģ
ǡ
ߡ΢΢һ£һ̾Ҳˡ
˼صǸˡ´Ưһ飬Ҹ˵ģҵĳףǡ
ѩȻվס˽Ų
СǻͷЦЦ˵ģףǰͷϡ
лл㡣ѩЦŵ˵ͷ˵ģܲһζʱ˿̣Ȼòٶȥˡ
ŵСǣһ侹뿪ԼôңԶٻŵ֣Ȼʧ
СʾһƬ˻
Ҳû뵽ɡ΢΢Ц˵Ѿˣ
ѩһһԲĵļȴǼǿҡ
˵Ц˵ǰһӣ۾Ϲˣδʣ۾ˣȻᡭڷǰ͵͵һģԸ֪Ըʲô𣿡
ѩһͷǿһ΢ЦȻǰóϵʾ٣ظ߲ʣɵԵض޾⡣
˵ʱǰһƬڣҲһƬڣϣ۾̺ãҵ۾ˣһˣҪľ㡭
Ĺⷴӳ˫۾˶ǰһ㵭Ĺ⡣
С΢΢һЦתŵﲨٺһϧ顣
ҵԸֻҪ㣬ҾˣȻҾͿ԰ĵسңΪˡ
̧ȻһЦسƣ㿴ңʹ۾ˣң۾һĹȻ㡭̫ˡ
ֻ۾ضԿţԵ
СǣǸ˲ŮӡԶĸǿöֻ࣬ǡѩһŻ˵ѾˣԺ󲻻ڣ
Ҳᡭ
۾žӨᣬǽֻ飬ų֮ϲãáнĸݣȷǼΪǡ
˶ʱҸ⣬ֻǡ٩٩صҾҪ֮󣬱ڡ֪ɣһƬͣһûУֻϣһţȴԸԺҲûźˡ
ѩΪжصͷⷬأ޵أֻ£ϺΣ
СǺЦҡͷ֪Ѿֻɲˡ
˵ֻţֳУСǰֵƴ·ɮסֺУһǰ
ѩǰһδ˵λסʦ˺ʮݵʦ٣λʩȥһ˰ɣ
һ˵һ濴Сǣȵصӷ۾Ǻˣٷգա
СǺʮϷɼ٣ҲͲٶ˵ģѩҴ˺
һ̤Ժ֪̬졣
ֻϷɡԶʲôȼһյĺڲŷ𰸣Ҫһ÷ģǳ£ֱؾ˸оóѷʲô¡
ӷˣ˵
ƺһ˵鲻Խֳ˱֮ɫݵö֮ŷһ̾ĿתѩС֪¬ǰˣ
ѩȻһá
ҩ˵Ȼ֪ŵ˴ݣ̬ǰꡭ
δ꣬ѩվڡ
СǸʹʣȻʶ¬ˣȷ֪Լ˫۾ȫΣŵø˵ԷȻ˹֮䲻ɱʣΪҶⷬΪˡ
˵¬̬Ϊ꣬ʾϵЦݻûȫʧ
յ򣬾ǰȼţδᣬȾ˺ľյҡεĹӰ˸ͦ࣬˫ϥһǰģǰİϣż¬ǰ֮
һ飬һ
һ麯Ƥּдšʾѩĸ÷С׭һ˫Ŀʧˣܴīˣ
е֮ˡ
ѩҧȻǿĵıˣ಻СҲһ᲻ѡ
ϷɰһһѩϣһţګګȿţĽûУҲ£ӷ𡪡
ѩͷһţϸһ飬
ӷ𡭡Ϻ۰Ͱ͵ؿʲôûУ
ѩͷ¬屣ԭ״װ̳ںɽһ뷽ɴʦ⴮нǧתСǣҪң޾߰ɡ
С˫ֺʮ¬һ֮󣬲Ի˫ֽӹ飬ϲ֮飬ѡ漴ϣһԡ
ԭ֮ǰһоԤ֪ѩ𳤳һ÷һһģĪǰϷɣ¾ˣ뿪£ǰѰٱؤﳤϰΪʯ̥ȴһֹҸڽҹʱ̣ʱڱâɽ׳ܽʯ̥أӡϷɣʲôʱˣ
ӷ𣬡Ϸ૵صºʱδˣСʰһ·ȥɡ
漴תСǣƵƵͷĿ𣬿ϲɺأ˿̿㾻ǰģס£н¬ʩãΪȣɡ
ллʦ䣬иˡ漴¶ݣһһʮΪ
ѩʱƣⲻ㰡
磬ҸĸǱ߻㡭
ſģԻᴦΪ֪ͨ˵ĿСͣ΢΢ͷ㰲ȥɡ
Слٴʩ漴ȥ
ȥıӰƺ鲻Խ˫ֺʮһš
ްӷ𡪡ǷԵᣬǲٲ磬ڴ˿̣ҹ޼֤򣬰ӷագ
δ꣬ŵǰˡһƬʱǺʱˡ
ѩ𲻸ӳ٣ϸ뿪֮ʱȴҩס
ѩĹ¬֮һг񣬲˵Цǰſģͽպ󵱲Ϊ¬ʾպֺ츣أ
֮£һ漴ǺǴЦҲͻȻͨʲôƵġ
Ը︧Ƴѩȴ̤¹⣬һⲽ
ĿԵĳѩ𲽳֣̾Ϣһڶ˽Ųع
һݵӰŷ㲵ݣ漴ԶԶվסš
ֻ۾ԿţǾһôĳãɳɳƬƬҶֱڷת
׼ǰŻǰӽ
һ˿ЦݣʾѲʵϣ漴ŭĻ
ԶԶעѩ޿κεЦˣһоڲ֮Сʱ˿̣ǿػҪ˵Щʲôƶˡ 







 
